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Search results for: AC-AC CONVERTERS, MATRIX CONVERTERS, PULSE WIDTH MODULATION.
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Application of Analytic Signal and Smooth Interpolation in Pulse Width Modulation for Conventional Matrix Converters
PublicationThe paper proposes an alternative and novel approach to the PWM duty cycles computation for Conventional Matrix Converters (CMC) fed by balanced, unbalanced or non–sinusoidal AC voltage sources. The presented solution simplifies the prototyping of direct modulation algorithms. PWM duty cycles are calculated faster by the smooth interpolation technique, using only vector coordinates, without trigonometric functions and angles. Both...
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A new duty cycles calculation method in pulse width modulation for direct matrix converters based on the shape function concept
PublicationPaper presents a new approach to duty cycle calculation in pulse width modulation for direct matrix converters. The essence of the proposed method is the use of elementary shape function of finite element. The algorithm for calculating the duty cycles was reduced to simple operations on the coordinates of input and output voltage vectors without trigonometric functions.
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Pulse-Width Modulation of Power Electronic DC–AC Converter
PublicationThe Second Edition of High Performance Control of AC Drives with Matlab®/Simulink delivers an updated and thorough overview of topics central to the understanding of AC motor drive systems. The book includes new material on medium voltage drives, covering state-of-the-art technologies and challenges in the industrial drive system, as well as their components, and control, current source inverter-based drives, PWM techniques for...
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The Conceptual Research over Low-Switching Modulation Strategy for Matrix Converters with the Coupled Reactors
PublicationIn this paper, different Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) strategies for operating with a low-switching frequency, a topology that combines Conventional Matrix Converters (CMCs), and Coupled Reactors (CRs) are presented and discussed. The principles of the proposed strategies are first discussed by a conceptual analysis and later validated by simulation. The paper shows how the combination of CMCs and CRs could be of special interest...
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Virtual Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Algorithm for Three-Level NPC Converters Based on the Final Element Shape Functions
PublicationThe paper puts forth a novel idea for the computation of Nearest Three Virtual Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation for the three level NPC converters. The computations are based on the concept of final element shape function widely used in the domain of finite element analysis. The proposed approach significantly frees the computations from the use of trigonometric functions, which simplifies the computations and permits easier...
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Single and Three -Phase PWM AC/AC Converters as Semiconductor Transformers
PublicationAC voltage transformation circuits contain pure or reactance PWM AC/AC converters. These circuits can be treated as AC/AC semiconductor transformers. This paper reviews single-phase and three-phase topologies: both non-isolated and isolated, single as well as two quadrant structure. Additionally, this paper present selected examples of their applications.
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Modeling of Common Mode Currents Induced by Motor Cable in Converter Fed AC Motor Drives
PublicationInvestigation of conducted EMI generation in AC motor fed by pulse width modulated frequency converters requires to consider parasitic capacitances in converters, motor windings and feeding cables to be taken into account. Motor voltage transients and related common mode currents are significantly correlated with resonance effects occurring in load circuits. An analysis of frequency converter load impedance-frequency characteristics...
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A Direct Modulation for Matrix Converters based on the Onecycle Atomic operation developed in Verilog HDL.
PublicationThis paper presents a fast direct Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) algorithm for the Conventional Matrix Converters (CMC) developed in Verilog Hardware Description language (HDL). All PWM duty cycle calculations are performed in one cycle by an atomic operation designed as a digital module using FPGA basic blocks. The algorithm can be extended to any number of output phase. The improved version of the discontinuous Direct Analytic...
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High Frequency Harmonics Emission of Modern Power Electronic AC-DC Converters
PublicationModern AC/DC converters with bidirectional power flow employing PWM boost topology generate harmonic distortions of input current in relatively high frequency range tightly related to modulation carrier frequency. These frequencies and its multiples in typical applications are usually located in frequency range from single up to several of kHz. Increased harmonic emission in this frequency range can easily and harmfully influence...
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Direct modulation for conventional matrix converters using analytical signals and barycentric coordinates
PublicationThis paper proposes the generalized direct modulation for Conventional Matrix Converters (CMC) using the concept of analytical signals and barycentric coordinates. The paper proposes a novel approach to the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) duty cycle computing, which allows faster prototyping of direct control algorithms. The explanation of the new idea using analytical considerations demonstrating the principles of direct voltage...
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Motor Cable Influence on the Conducted EMI Emission of the Converter Fed AC Motor Drive. - Vol. 1
PublicationInvestigation of conducted electromagnetic interference in AC motor drives fed by pulse width modulated voltage converters requires considering parasitic capacitances in converters, motor windings and feeding cables to be taken into account. Motor voltage transients and related conducted electromagnetic emission are significantly correlated with resonance effects occurring in load circuits. The levels of intensity of these phenomena...
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A New Approach to the PWM Modulation for the Multiphase Matrix Converters Supplying Loads with Open-End Winding.
PublicationThis article presents three variants of the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) for the Double Square Multiphase type Conventional Matrix Converters (DSM-CMC) supplying loads with the open-end winding. The first variant of PWM offers the ability to obtain zero value of the common-mode voltage at the load's terminals and applies only six switches within the modulation period. The second proposal archives for less Total Harmonic Distortion...
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AC Motor Voltage and Audible Noise Dataset
PublicationThe dataset titled AC motor voltage and audible noise waveforms in ship’s electrical drive systems with frequency converters contains the voltage and sound measurement results recorded in a marine frequency controlled AC drive system. The dataset is part of research focussing on the impact of the ship’s electrical drive systems with frequency converters on vibrations and the level of audible noise on ships. The dataset allows the...
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High Performance Control of AC Drives with Matlab/ Simulink
PublicationExplore this indispensable update to a popular graduate text on electric drive techniques and the latest converters used in industry. The Second Edition of High Performance Control of AC Drives with Matlab®/Simulink delivers an updated and thorough overview of topics central to the understanding of AC motor drive systems. The book includes new material on medium voltage drives, covering state-of-the-art technologies and challenges...
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High Frequency Conducted Emission in AC Motor Drives Fed By Frequency Converters: Sources and Propagation Paths
PublicationProvides a concise and thorough reference for designing electrical and electronic systems that employ adjustable speed drives Electrical and electronic systems that employ adjustable speed drives are being increasingly used in present-day automation applications. They are considered by many application engineers as one of the most interfering components, especially in a contemporarily faced industrial environment. This book fills...
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A New Three-Dimensional Space Vector Modulation for Multilevel Four-Leg Converters Based on the Shape Functions of Tetrahedral Element
PublicationThe paper proposes a new three-dimensional space vector pulse-width modulation (3D-SVPWM) algorithm for multilevel four-leg converters. The proposed PWM duty cycle calculation is based on the shape functions of the threedimensional tetrahedral finite elements. The algorithm ensures synthesis of accurate and undistorted output voltages even under significant imbalance or ripple in the DC-link voltages. At the same time, the algorithm...
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Feasibility Study of Three-Phase Modular Converter for Dual-Purpose Application in DC and AC Microgrids
PublicationThe modern concept of a universal converter is intended as a power converter (PC) suitable for application in both dc or ac grids using the same external connectors. This novel family was recently proposed to allow easier integration of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems (ESSs), interfacing with dc/ac grids and/or loads with a minimum redundancy of power switches and passive elements. This kind of solution and...
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RCDs Tripping in the Range from DC to AC 50 kHz for Slowly Rising Residual Current
PublicationThe wide use of power electronic converters means that in many low-voltage systems earth fault currents containing components from DC to AC of various frequencies have to be taken into account. Due to the tendency to increase the modulation frequency in converters, components of higher frequencies may be in the order of several tens of kilohertz. Therefore, it is very important to verify the behavior of devices for protection against...
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Low Frequency Conducted Emissions of Grid Connected Static Converters
PublicationPulse-width modulated rectifiers are nowadays commonly used for AC to DC power conversion. PWM rectification technology is very effective and allows for bidirectional power flow with the possibility of power factor improvement and low-order harmonic emission limitation. Unfortunately, employed PWM boost topology results with generation of input current harmonic distortions in a frequency range tightly correlated to modulation frequency....
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Feasibility Study of Three-Phase Modular Converter for Dual-Purpose Application in DC and AC Microgrids
PublicationThe modern concept of a universal converter is intended as a power converter suitable for application in both dc or ac grids using the same external connectors. This novel family was recently proposed to allow an easier integration of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems, interfacing with dc/ac grids and/or loads with a minimum redundancy of power switches and passive elements. This kind of solution and applications...
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Analysis of AC/DC/DC Converter Modules for Direct Current Fast-Charging Applications
PublicationThe paper is a comprehensive laboratory comparison study of two galvanic isolated solution off-board battery chargers: (1) Si-based cost-effective case, and (2) SiC-bidirectional ready for vehicle to grid concept case. All circuits are modular, and in both cases the DC/DC converter can be replaced according to the end user requirements (the coupled transformer remains the same and is constructed based on 12xC100 cores to avoid...
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Decentralized control of a different rated parallel UPS systems
PublicationThe paper presents the single phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system with galvanic separated DC-AC-DC-AC converters operating in parallel. The CAN physical layer based system of communication between converters has been developed and applied, which allow to utilize a decentralized master-slave control providing high availability factor of the whole UPS system. The control system of particular converters has been developed...
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Modular multipulse voltage source inverters with integrating coupled reactors
PublicationA novel approach to the voltage source inverters (VSI) construction is presented in the paper. The invented inverter structures allow to operate several DC/AC converters in parallel resulting in lower voltage distortions at extremely low switching frequency. The research presented in the paper describes such a parallel operation of the VSI’s which is possible thanks to the use of coupled inductors. The eighteen-pulse and twenty-four-pulse...
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Multipulse inverter structures with low voltage distortion
PublicationA novel approach to the voltage source inverters (VSI) construction is presented in the paper. The invented inverter structures allow to operate several DC/AC converters in parallel resulting in lower voltage distortions at extremely low switching frequency. The research presented in the paper describes such a parallel operation of the VSI’s which is possible thanks to the use of coupled inductors. The eighteen-pulse three-level...
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Space vector modulation in multilevel inverters of the servo drives of the trajectory measurements telescopes
PublicationUsing the MatLab/Simulink mathematical model of a three-phase three-level voltage inverter, the influence of the space-vector modulation (SVM) algorithm on the pulsations of the current (torque) of an AC motor in the range of low rotation speeds is considered. It is shown that the SVM of the second kind does not provide a pulsations level comparable to the pulsations of a sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (SPWM), both in the static...
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Power converter interface for urban DC traction substations - solutions and functionality.
PublicationThis paper focuses on extending an urban DC traction substation functionality by means of an additional power converter interface (PCI). In particular, by enabling bidirectional energy exchange between LV DC traction grid, AC grid and V2G chargers. Among other things, the presented material compares general attributes of the most promising DC/DC converters that can be used in a PCI, meet the requirements of galvanic isolation and...
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Behavior of residual current devices at earth fault currents with DC component
PublicationLow-voltage electrical installations are increasingly saturated with power electronic converters. Due to very high popularity of photovoltaic (PV) installations and the spread of electric vehicles (EV) as well as their charging installations, DC–AC and AC–DC converters are often found in power systems. The transformerless coupling of AC and DC systems via power electronic converters means that an electrical installation containing...
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High Frequency Harmonics Emission in Smart Grids
PublicationPulse-width modulated rectifiers are nowadays commonly used for AC to DC power conversion. PWM rectification technology is very effective and allows for bidirectional power flow with the possibility of power factor improvement and low-order harmonic emission limitation. Unfortunately, employed PWM boost topology results with generation of input current harmonic distortions in a frequency range tightly correlated to modulation frequency....
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Current Source Inverter Fed Drive
PublicationThis book covers three-phase and multiphase (more than three-phase) motor drives including their control and practical problems faced in the field (e.g., adding LC filters in the output of a feeding converter), are considered. The new edition contains links to Matlab®/Simulink models and PowerPoint slides ideal for teaching and understanding the material contained within the book. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A...
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Dual Active Bridge (DAB) DC-DC converter for multilevel propulsion converters for electrical multiple units (EMU)
PublicationSemiconductor power devices made from silicon carbide (SiC) reached a level of technology enabling their widespread use in power converters. Two different approaches to implementation of modern traction converters in electric multiple units (EMU) have been presented in recent years: (i) 3.3-kV SiC MOSFET-based three-level PWM inverter with regenerative braking and (ii) 6.5-kV IGBT-based four-quadrant power electronic traction transformer...
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Induction Generator with Direct Control and a Limited Number of Measurements on the Side of the Converter Connected to the Power Grid
PublicationThe article presents an induction generator connected to the power grid using the AC/DC/AC converter and LCL coupling filter. Three-level inverters were used in the converter, both from the generator side and the power grid side. The algorithm realizing Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) in inverters has been simplified to the maximum. Control of the induction generator was based on the Direct Field-Oriented Control (DFOC) method. At...
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Broadband Modeling of Motor Cable Impact on Common Mode Currents in VFD
PublicationExamination of conducted EMI generation and propagation in AC motor drives fed by frequency converter requires to consider parasitic capacitances in converters, motor windings and feeding cables to be taken into account. AC motor winding voltage transients and related common mode currents are significantly correlated with resonance effects occurring in converter's load circuits. Intensity levels of these phenomena depend...
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Interline power flow controller - properties and control strategy in dynamic states
PublicationHigh-power electronic converter topologies, in such forms as Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFC), Static Compensators (STATCOM) and Interline Power Flow Controllers (IPFC), have been used to enhance and optimize the use of transmission facilities, under the concept of a flexible ac transmission system (FACTS). In Europe, the anticipated proliferation of distributed-generation (DG) in the near future, driven by governmental initiatives...
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Structure and the space vector modulation for a medium-voltage power-electronic-transformer based on two seven-level cascade H-bridge inverters
PublicationThis study presents the structure and the space vector pulse-width modulation (SVPWM) for power electronic transformer (PET) based on two seven-level cascade H-bridge (CHB) inverters. The DC links of CHB inverters are coupled with nine dual-active bridge (DAB) converters with medium-frequency transformers. The DC-link voltages are equalised with two methods – through the control of DAB voltages...
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Behavior of residual current devices at frequencies up to 50 kHz
PublicationThe use of residual current devices (RCDs) is obligatory in many types of low-voltage circuits. They are devices that ensure protection against electric shock in the case of indirect contact and may ensure additional protection in the case of direct contact. For the latter purpose of protection, only RCDs of a rated residual operating current not exceeding 30 mA are suitable. Unfortunately, modem current-using equipment supplied...
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Selective Harmonic Elimination PWM For a Cascaded Multi-level Inverter
PublicationThis paper deals with the selective harmonic elimination pulse width modulation (SHE-PWM) technique. This technique is used for the elimination of selected dominant low order harmonics in the multi-level inverter output voltage. The presence of these harmonics is the essential drawback of such kind of inverters; especially when it is used for the control of different AC drivers. The SHE-PWM is based...
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Evolution of the HVDC Link Connecting Offshore Wind Farms to Onshore Power Systems
PublicationThis paper presents an overview of the DC link development and evolution dedicated to HVDC structure for connecting offshore wind power plants to onshore power systems. The growing demand for the green energy has forced investors in power industry to look for resources further out at sea. Hence, the development of power electronics and industrial engineering has enabled offshore wind farms to be situated further from the shore...
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A new concept of PWM duty cycle computation using the Barycentric Coordinates in a Three-Dimensional voltage vectors arrangement
PublicationThe paper presents a novel approach to the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) duty cycle computing for complex or irregular voltage vector arrangements in the two (2D) and three–dimensional (3D) Cartesian coordinate systems. The given vectors arrangement can be built using at least three vectors or collections with variable number of involved vectors (i.e. virtual vectors). Graphically, these vectors form a convex figure, in particular,...
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A measurement method for capacitive sensors based on a versatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface circuit
PublicationIn the paper, there is presented a new time-domain measurement method for determining the capacitance values of capacitive sensors, dedicated, among others, to capacitive relative humidity sensors. The method is based on a versatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface for microcontrollers with internal analog comparators (ACs) and with precision voltage reference sources, e.g. digital-to-analog converters (DACs). The reference...
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Asynchronous Charge Carrier Injection in Perovskite Light-Emitting Transistors
PublicationUnbalanced mobility and injection of charge carriers in metal-halide perovskite light-emitting devices pose severe limitations to the efficiency and response time of the electroluminescence. Modulation of gate bias in methylammonium lead iodide light-emitting transistors has proven effective in increasing the brightness of light emission up to MHz frequencies. In this work, a new approach is developed to improve charge carrier...
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Time-domain measurement methods for R, L and C sensors based on aversatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface circuit
PublicationtIn the paper new time-domain measurement methods for determining values of resistive (R), inductive(L) and capacitive (C) sensors based on a versatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface for microcon-trollers with internal analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and analog comparators (ACs) are presented.The interface circuit consists of a reference resistor Rrworking as a voltage divider, a given R, L or C sensorand a microcontroller...
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The influence of selected parameters of idd on vibrations of contact in ac hybrid breaker
PublicationWzrost mocy systemów zasilania na statkach wymaga poszukiwania nowych rozwiązań wyłączników dc oraz ac. Od kilku lat trwają prace nad modelowaniem ultra szybkiego hybrydowego wyłącznika prądu. Czas wyłączenia prądu wyłącznika zależy od wielu parametrów. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych i symulacyjnych wyłącznika ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem rezystancji zestyku.
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Multilevel Converters
PublicationThe newest Special Section is intended to focus on recent research and trends in application of multilevel converters. Multilevel converters have been extensively developed over the last two decades and show several important advantages of power electronic circuits, such as: operation at high voltages, harmonics reduction, higher efficiency, modularity, smaller size and lower cost. Also, thanks to increasing interest in renewable...
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An Extended Control of the Input Angle for Matrix Converters Connected with the Non-Unity Power Factor Loads.
PublicationThis paper proposes a novel PWM modulation algorithm for Multiphase Conventional Matrix Converters (MCMC), with 3 inputs and k outputs, using the transfer function of the load angle. The proposed approach extends the range of power angle control at the input during the operation with a maximum voltage transfer ratio. The proposed concept is based on the Direct Analytic Voltage PWM (DAV--PWM) modulation with an elliptical trajectory...
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Pulse-Width Modulation Template for Five-Level Switch-Clamped H-Bridge-Based Cascaded Multilevel Inverter
PublicationThis article presents a carrier-based pulse-width modulation (PWM) template for a 5-level, H bridge-based cascaded multilevel inverter (MLI). The developed control concept generates adequate modulation template for this inverter topology wherein a sinusoidal modulating waveform is modified to fit in a single triangular carrier signal range. With this modulation approach, classical multiplicity and synchronization of the triangular...
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Low harmonic multipulse voltage converters using coupled reactors
PublicationThis paper presents a novel approach to the multi pulse voltage converters (VC), especially voltage source inverters (VSI) and matrix converters (MC) based on several typical identical modules connected in parallel using coupled reactors. Such arrangements resulting in lower voltage distortions at extremely low switching frequency. The proposed arrangement was validated by simulation. Laboratory models of 18- and 24pulse 3-level...
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The conducted EMI in DC-DC converters
PublicationThis book presents the phenomena of conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) generation in DC-DC converters. The measurement and simulation are used to analyze the impact of the most important parameters on the character, level and propagation path of interference. In this book, the analysis of the interference generation and propagation is presented on the example of three basic converters. The wide banded behavior of all...
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The new SDMT-family of servo-drives for CNC systems with AC permanent magnet synchronous motors
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono strategię sterowania podstawowe parametry oraz wyniki badań nowej rodziny serwonapędów typu SDMT. Układ sterowania serwonapędu zbudowano na procesorze sygnałowym TMS320F2812 firmy Texas Instruments. W serwonapędzie zastosowano metodę sterowania tupu FOC (ang. Field Oriented Control). Regulatory położenia, prędkości i momentu zreali-zowano na bazie klasycznego regulatora PID z układem ograniczenie sygnału...
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Coupled inductors based filter for matrix converters
PublicationThe use of the coupled inductors in the multipulse matrix converter (MC) systems is described in the paper. The possible arrangements of the system are given together with the description of their operation parameters. Moreover, the influence of the system’s topology on the output power quality is also presented. The invented converter structures evaluation results are given in the form of simulation tests acquired output waveforms...
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AC loss measurements in superconducting magnet
PublicationThis report contains ordered theoretical informations about AC loss in superconducting magnets and cables. A software program to evaluate data from AC loss measurements with V-I method was made and it is also described. Examples of measurement data and result data are shown here.