Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: CALCULATION MODEL
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A Noded Carbon Emission Tool (NCET) to Measure Embodied Carbon (EC) in Compositional Cementitious Materials
PublikacjaThe ever evolving modern construction industry is now producing the highest levels of carbon content adversely affecting the construction associated environment. Although, the impact of carbon induced emission is quite large, but still not enough measurable standards and tools to scale these emission are available. This study contributes to the body of knowledge by providing a Grasshopper based definition to calculate the embodied...
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Determination of the Theoretical and Actual Working Volume of a Hydraulic Motor—Part II (The Method Based on the Characteristics of Effective Absorbency of the Motor)
Publikacja: In this article, the second method of determination of the theoretical and actual working volume of a hydraulic motor is described. The proposed new method is based on the characteristics of effective absorbency of the motor. The effective absorbency has been defined as the ratio of flow rate in a motor to the rotational speed of the motor’s shaft. It has been shown that the effective absorbency is a nonlinear function of the...
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Field tests on hydrodynamic and hybrid operation of a bi-directional thrust bearing of a pump-turbine
PublikacjaIn vertical shaft pump turbines operating in pumped storage power plants an important role is played by a thrust bearing. Because of bi-directional character of operation, thrust bearing tilting pads have to be supported symmetrically, which is known to be unfavourable from the point of view of their performance. Large thrust bearings have to be carefully designed so as to minimise excessive thermo-elastic pad deformations. The...
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Field Tests on Hydrodynamic and Hybrid Operation of a Bidirectional Thrust Bearing of a Pump-Turbine
PublikacjaIn vertical shaft pump turbines operating in pumped storage power plants an important role is played by a thrust bearing. Due to the bidirectional character of operation, thrust bearing tilting pads have to be supported symmetrically, which is known to be unfavourable from the point of view of their performance. Large thrust bearings have to be carefully designed so as to minimise excessive thermo-elastic pad deformations. The...
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Fundamental Schemes to Determine Disjoint Paths for Multiple Failure Scenarios
PublikacjaDisjoint path routing approaches can be used to cope with multiple failure scenarios. This can be achieved using a set of k (k> 2) link- (or node-) disjoint path pairs (in single-cost and multi-cost networks). Alternatively, if Shared Risk Link Groups (SRLGs) information is available, the calculation of an SRLG-disjoint path pair (or of a set of such paths) can protect a connection against the joint failure of the set of links...
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Influence of nonlinearities on the efficiency and accuracy of FEM calculations on the example of a steel build-up thin-walled column
PublikacjaDue to the increase of computing capabilities of standard processing units, it is possible to perform complex analyses, considering a number of nonlinearities, such as geometric, material and boundary (contact) even on personal computers. In the paper, the authors have analysed the efficiency and accuracy of standard PC’s FEM calculations performed in Abaqus CAE 2017 software on the example of a critical load assessment of a thin-walled...
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Theoretical study of the photoelectron spectrum of ethyl formate: Ab initio and density functional theory investigation
PublikacjaThe first ionization energy and associated photoelectron spectrum of ethyl formate are investigated with quantum chemistry calculations. The geometries, harmonic vibrational frequencies and first ionization energy are computed at the Hartree-Fock (HF) and at the second order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2). Moreover, accurate ionization energies are obtained with the Coupled-Cluster theory including singles and doubles...
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Computer-aided evaluation of the railway track geometry on the basis of satellite measurements
PublikacjaIn recent years, all over the world there has been a period of intensive development of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) measurement techniques and their extension for the purpose of their applications in the field of surveying and navigation. Moreover, in many countries a rising trend in the development of rail transportation systems has been noticed. In this paper, a method of railway track geometry assessment based...
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Examples of numerical simulations of two-dimensional unsaturated flow with VS2DI code using different interblock conductivity averaging schemes
PublikacjaFlow in unsaturated porous media is commonly described by the Richards equation. This equation is strongly nonlinear due to interrelationships between water pressure head (negative in unsaturated conditions), water content and hydraulic conductivity. The accuracy of numerical solution of the Richards equation often depends on the method used to estimate average hydraulic conductivity between neighboring nodes or cells of the numerical...
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Non-Least Square GNSS Positioning Algorithm for Densely Urbanized Areas
PublikacjaThe paper introduces an essentially new algorithm for calculating the GNSS position as an alternative to the least-square method. The proposed approach can be widely applied to any positioning method that uses multiple position lines for position calculation and is an example ofhow using a numerical solution can improve position accuracy without access to historical data. In essence, the method is based on the adaptation of the...
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Numerical Modelling of Forced Convection of Nanofluids in Smooth, Round Tubes: A Review
PublikacjaA comprehensive review of published works dealing with numerical modelling of forced convection heat transfer and hydrodynamics of nanofluids is presented. Due to the extensive literature, the review is limited to straight, smooth, circular tubes, as this is the basic geometry in shell-and-tube exchangers. Works on numerical modelling of forced convection in tubes are presented chronologically in the first part of the article....
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Analytical Estimation of Power Losses in a Dual Active Bridge Converter Controlled with a Single-Phase Shift Switching Scheme
PublikacjaMicro-grid solutions around the world rely on the operation of DC/DC power conver- sion systems. The most commonly used solution for these topologies is the use of a dual active bridge (DAB) converter. Increasing the efficiency and reliability of this system contributes to the improvement in the stability of the entire microgrid. This paper discussed an analytical method of energy efficiency and power loss estimation in a single...
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Topography measurement methods evaluation for entire bending-fatigued fracture surfaces of specimens obtained by explosive welding
PublikacjaIn this paper, the methods of compensation of differences in the results of entire bending-fatigued fracture surface topographies were presented. The roughness evaluation was performed with a focus variation microscope and confocal surface topography measurement techniques. The differences in the ISO 25178 roughness parameters were investigated and procedures for their compensation were studied. It was found that various types...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.0, b=0.11) and (C=5.7, b=0.32) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.4, b=0.26) and (C=2.1, b=0.14) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.1, b=0.14) and (C=5.7, b=0.32) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.0, b=0.11) and (C=2.1, b=0.14) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=5.5, b=0.37) and (C=5.7, b=0.32) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.1, b=0.14) and (C=5.5, b=0.37) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.0, b=0.11) and (C=5.5, b=0.37) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.8, b=0.25) and (C=2.0, b=0.11) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.8, b=0.25) and (C=2.1, b=0.14) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.8, b=0.25) and (C=5.5, b=0.37) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.4, b=0.26) and (C=2.0, b=0.11) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.4, b=0.26) and (C=5.7, b=0.32) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.8, b=0.25) and (C=5.7, b=0.32) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.4, b=0.26) and (C=5.5, b=0.37) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.4, b=0.26) and (C=2.8, b=0.25) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two directional control valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first DCV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=4.40, b=0.42) and (C=7.30, b=0.49) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=5.30, b=0.38) and (C=6.40, b=0.45) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=4.40, b=0.42) and (C=5.30, b=0.38) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=4.40, b=0.42) and (C=6.20, b=0.38) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=3.30, b=0.40) and (C=6.20, b=0.38) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=6.20, b=0.38) and (C=7.30, b=0.49) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=3.30, b=0.40) and (C=6.40, b=0.45) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=5.30, b=0.38) and (C=3.30, b=0.40) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=3.30, b=0.40) and (C=7.30, b=0.49) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=5.30, b=0.38) and (C=7.30, b=0.49) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=4.40, b=0.42) and (C=3.30, b=0.40) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=4.40, b=0.42) and (C=6.40, b=0.45) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=6.40, b=0.45) and (C=7.30, b=0.49) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=5.30, b=0.38) and (C=6.20, b=0.38) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=6.40, b=0.45) and (C=6.20, b=0.38) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for two pressure relief valves arranged in-line. Four test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> the first PRV -> ambient atmosphere, (2) being emptied...
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Utilization of fuzzy rules in computer character animation
PublikacjaThe chapter presents a method for automatic enhancement of computer character animation utilizing fuzzy inference. First the user designs a prototype version of animation, with keyframes only for important poses, roughly describing the action. Then animation is enriched with new motion phases calculated by the fuzzy inference system using descriptors given by the user. Various degrees of motion fluency and naturalness are possible...
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Electricity generation from rapeseed straw hydrolysates using microbial fuel cells
PublikacjaRapeseed straw is an attractive fuel material for microbial fuel cells (MFCs) due to its high content of carbohydrates (more than 60% carbohydrates). This study has demonstrated that reducing sugars can be efficiently extracted from raw rapeseed straw by combination of hydrothermal pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis followed by utilization as a fuel in two-chamber MFCs for electrical power generation. The most efficient method...
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Heat transfer characteristics of hybrid microjet – Microchannel cooling module
PublikacjaThe paper presents experimental investigation of heat transfer intensification in a microjet–microchannel cooling module. Applied technology takes benefits from two very attractive heat removal techniques. When jets are impinging on the surface, they have a very high kinetic energy at the stagnation point, also in microchannels boundary layer is very thin allowing to obtain very high heat fluxes. Main objective of this paper was...
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Verification of punching shear outside the shear cap by the direct method
PublikacjaThe proposition of a method to verify the punching resistance for very large supports based on the EN 1992-1-1 standard is described in this paper. The present standard guidelines for the calculation of the punching resistance for large supports are also summarised. The proposed direct method is compared with other standard methods using an example taken from design practice. This method consists of a direct check of the shear...
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Experimental and analytical analysis of punching shear in flat slabs supported on column topped with concrete head
PublikacjaAn experimental laboraatory test of the two series of slab-column elements topped with drop panels of varying sizes is described in this paper. The scope of the paper is to investigate the influence of the drop panel size and stiffness on the behaviour of the connection between the flat slab and the column topped by the concrete head. The impact of the head size and stiffness is analysed analytically and experimentally. The experimental...
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Analysis of the Accuracy of Pulse Estimation Using Smart Watches
PublikacjaThe purpose of this paper is to perform an analysis of the accuracy of the pulse estimation by comparing readings from a smartwatch with readings from medical devices. The study required writing applications that allow continuous pulse measurement. As a result, two applications were created for the smartwatch. The first one is dedicated to Android Wear devices, while the other one is compatible with Tizen watches. The next step...
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The selected roof covering technologies in the aspect of their life cycle costs
PublikacjaIn the article is presented an analysis of the life cycle costs calculation for selected roof coverings. The scope of research includes costs of construction, maintenance and demolition of the roof covering structure for two alternative technologies – the traditional and new generation. On the presented example of an industrial building with a roof area of 1000 m², the above costs are taken to consideration for the roof covering...