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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: RECYCLING WASTE RUBBER ELASTOMER BLENDS BUTYL RUBBER FILLER
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Assessment of microstructure, physical and thermal properties of bitumen modified with LDPE/GTR/elastomer ternary blends
PublikacjaLDPE/GTR/elastomer ternary blends with variable LDPE/GTR ratio and constant elastomer content were prepared via melt-compounding. Obtained LDPE/GTR/elastomer blends were applied as thermoplastic modifiers into bitumen. Microstructure, physical and thermal properties of the modified bitumen were determined. It was observed that chemical composition of LDPE/GTR/elastomer blends has significant influence on their density and rheological...
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Pilot- scale plant for material recycling of whole waste tires
PublikacjaContinously growing demad for all kinds of vehicles and general tendency to regular exchange of tires are causing growth of scrap tires which need management. A risings of large quantities of used rubber products, especially used tires has been increasing every year in Poland, in 2006 it was 160 thousand. The waste management and recycling of used tires become a major environmental problem. It is worth noticing that tires which...
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Environmentally friendly polymer-rubber composites obtained from waste tyres: A review
PublikacjaThe paper is transdisciplinary. The complex overview on changes in policy and approach to waste tyres that leads to both solving environmental problem of post consumer tyres and creating environmentally friendlier novel materials are presented. It is shown that in the world, the amount of polymer wastes increases every year. Most of them are in the form of post-consumer tyres. Recycling and recovery of such tyres is a serious environmental...
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Rubber World
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The Impact of Isocyanate Index and Filler Functionalities on the Performance of Flexible Foamed Polyurethane/Ground Tire Rubber Composites
PublikacjaThe structure and performance of polyurethane (PU) foams are strongly driven by the stoichiometry of the polyaddition reaction, quantitatively described by the isocyanate index. It determines the balance between isocyanate and hydroxyl groups in the reacting system and is affected by the introduction of additional functionalities originated, e.g., from applied fillers. Nevertheless, this issue is hardly taken into account in research...
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Ground tire rubber thermo-mechanically devulcanized in the presence of waste engine oil as asphalt modifier
PublikacjaCross-linked elastomers network is main limitation for industrial usage of ground tire rubber (GTR) as asphalts’ and road pavements modifier. GTR was thermo-mechanically devulcanized via extrusion in the presence of waste engine oil (WEO) at temperature ranges from 150 to 280 °C. Combined impact of WEO content and extruder barrel temperature on the change of cross-linked structure of degraded GTR (DTGR) was investigated through...
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Processing and structure–property relationships of natural rubber/wheat bran biocomposites
PublikacjaIn this work, wheat bran was used as cellulosic filler in biocomposites based on natural rubber. The impact of wheat bran content [ranging from 10 to 50 parts per hundred rubber (phr)] on processing, structure, dynamic mechanical properties, thermal properties, physico-mechanical properties and morphology of resulting biocomposites was investigated. For better characterization of interfacial interactions between natural rubber...
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Comprehensive analysis of low-temperature methods for reclaiming of ground tire rubber
PublikacjaManagement of waste tires has become an important topic for decades. The lack of an effective method to manage the materials as mentioned above leads to illegal landfills. This problematic waste can be divided into two main categories depending on the physical condition of the waste: (i) partially used tires; (ii) end-of-life tires. While the first group can be reused or retreaded, the second group requires special measures to...
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Interrelationship between total volatile organic compounds emissions, structure and properties of natural rubber/polycaprolactone bio-blends cross-linked with peroxides
PublikacjaNatural rubber/polycaprolactone (NR/PCL) bio-based blends with different organic peroxides were prepared using an internal batch mixer and subsequently cross-linked at 170°C. Two types of commonly used organic peroxides, dicumyl peroxide and di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene peroxide, were applied as free-radical initiator. Cross-linking efficiency of NR/PCL blends were investigated using oscillating disc rheometer measurements,...
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Thermo-mechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber via extrusion at low temperature: Efficiency and limits
PublikacjaThermomechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber (GTR) was performed at different temperatures (60, 120, and 180°C) using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Obtained samples were used in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) blends. As reference samples, SBR compounds containing untreated GTR were used. Curing characteristics, static and dynamic mechanical properties, and morphology of the obtained blends were determined. The results...
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Thermo-oxidative exfoliation of carbon black from ground tire rubber as potential reinforcement in green tires
PublikacjaConsidering the balance between rapidly growing global tire demand and scarcity of natural resources, recycling and reclaiming techniques of tire rubber have become the state of the art. Herein, we set out to implement a self-designed thermo-oxidative reactor for the exfoliation of carbon black (CB) from ground tire rubber, which is efficiently functioned under a thermo-oxidative reclaiming condition without any additive. The exfoliation...
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Polyurethane/ground tire rubber composite foams based on polyglycerol: processing, mechanical and thermal properties
PublikacjaDuring the synthesis of rigid polyurethane foams, petrochemical polyol was substituted with polyglycerol, the product of thermo-catalytic polycondensation of waste glycerol, resulting from biodiesel production. Two types of ground tire rubbers, untreated and thermo-mechanically reclaimed, were used to obtain ‘‘green’’ polyurethane-polyglycerol composite foams. Samples were prepared by a single-step method for the ratio of NCO/OH...
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The impact of filler thermomechanical modifications on static and dynamic mechanical performance of flexible foamed polyurethane/ground tire rubber/zinc borate composites
PublikacjaThe rapid development of the automotive industry is very beneficial to many aspects of human life, but it is also a very significant environmental burden. The most straightforward impact is related to the generation of exhaust, but the management of post-consumer car parts is also a major challenge. Among them, waste tires are very burdensome due to their enormous numbers. Therefore, it is essential to develop novel, environmentally...
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Modification of thermal and rheological characteristics of bitumen by waste PET/GTR blends
PublikacjaWaste poly(ethylene terephthalate) (wPET)/ground tire rubber (GTR) blends with variable compositions were applied as low-cost modifiers into bitumen and their performance has been evaluated via morphological, thermal and rheological analyses. Depending on the weight ratio of wPET/GTR, dispersion of single/composite domains of waste polymers in the bitumen has promoted the interaction between bitumen and blend components. Fourier...
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Fabrication of exfoliated graphite reinforced silicone rubber composites - Mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties
PublikacjaThe effect of exfoliated graphite (EG) on the mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber (QM) composites has been systematically investigated and analysed. Morphological analysis of the composites helps to understand the interfacial interaction between the filler and the rubber matrix as well as wear mechanism respectively. An enhancement in the mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties was...
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Fabrication of exfoliated graphite reinforced silicone rubber composites - Mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties
PublikacjaThe effect of exfoliated graphite (EG) on the mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber (QM) composites has been systematically investigated and analysed. Morphological analysis of the composites helps to understand the interfacial interaction between the filler and the rubber matrix as well as wear mechanism respectively. An enhancement in the mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties was...
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The influence of feed rate and shear forces on the devulcanization process of ground tire rubber (GTR) conducted in a co-rotating twin screw extruder
PublikacjaThe search for new ways to recycling of rubber waste has been the aim of many studies conducted by research centers and companiesworldwide. The results of our investigations on the process of continuous thermomechanical devulcanization of ground tire rubber using a twin screw extruder are presented.We used a co-rotating twin screw extruder with a special configuration of plasticizing unit, enabling generation of considerable shear...
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A comparative study on selective properties of Kraft lignin–natural rubber composites containing different plasticizers
PublikacjaEffect of plasticizer type on the kraft lignin–nat- ural rubber composite microstructure and selected proper- ties was determined. The composites were prepared with addition of a commonly used naphthenic oil plasticizer to study the decomposition product of polyurethane (glyc- erolysate) and its characteristics. Kraft lignin powder was incorporated into the natural rubber matrix in amounts of 10 and 40 parts per 100 parts of natural...
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High-density polyethylene/EPDM rubber blend composites of boron compounds for neutron shielding application
PublikacjaNovel materials with neutron shielding property were fabricated by incorporating boron compounds into highdensity polyethylene (HDPE)/Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) blends. A detailed investigation on the morphological, thermal, mechanical, and neutron attenuation properties of suitable proportion of HDPE/EPDM blend with boric acid (BA), boron carbide (BC), and nano boron carbide (NBC) were performed. Morphology...
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Preparation, morphology and properties of natural rubber composites filled with untreated short jute fibres
PublikacjaGreen composites were obtained by incorporation of short jute fibres in natural rubber matrix using a laboratory two-roll mill. The influence of untreated fibre content (1, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 phr) on the mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, swelling properties was examined. The behaviour of prepared green composites under cyclic compression was also investigated. Fibre dispersion in rubber matrix was studied by...
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The effect of different accelerators on the reclaiming efficiency of ground tire rubber
Dane BadawczeThe presented results concern the influence of different accelerators on the reclaiming efficiency of ground tire rubber (GTR). All the specimens were prepared using a two-roll mill and each sample was prepared in the same manner. Samples were submitted to curing analysis via Rheometer Monsanto 100S after 24 hours of aging. The attached data are related...
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Curing characteristics of ground tire rubber modified by commercial additives
Dane BadawczeThe presented results show the influence of commercially available bitumen and transoctenamer rubber (TOR) on the curing behavior of GTR treated by a peroxide. Samples were prepared using a two-roll mill– all in the same manner. After 24 hours of aging at ambient conditions, they were submitted to the curing analysis via Rheometer Monsanto 100S. The...
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Ground tire rubber functionalization as a promising approach for the production of sustainable adsorbents of environmental pollutants
PublikacjaWaste tires management and further utilization are currently one of the biggest concerns regarding the environment and human health protection. At present, shredding, grinding, or pulverization of waste tires are the most popular options for industrial recycling. Although many solutions for ground tire rubber (GTR) applications were checked and verified so far, their further implementation at an industrial scale is still very limited....
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Compatibility and rheological characterization of asphalt modified with recycled rubber-plastic blends
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Softwood-lignin/natural rubber composites containing novel plasticizing agent: Preparation and characterization
PublikacjaComposite materials based on natural rubber were obtained by using glycerolysate (decomposition prod- uct of polyurethane) as a novel plasticizer. In order to determine the effect of various lignin content, four different filler amounts were used, namely, 5 phr (parts per 100 parts of natural rubber) of lignin (WLI5G), 10 phr (WLI10G), 20 phr (WLI20G), and 40 phr (WLI40G). The reference specimen without lignin (WLI0G) was also...
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RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY
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PLASTICS RUBBER AND COMPOSITES
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Journal of Rubber Research
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Structural and physico-mechanical properties of natural rubber/GTR composites devulcanized by microwaves: Influence of GTR source and irradiation time
PublikacjaGround tire rubber from car and truck was modified using microwave irradiation at variable time. The irradiated ground tire rubber was used as filler in composites based on natural rubber. The composites, with high content of ground tire rubber, were prepared using an internal batch mixer and subsequently cross-linked at 160℃. The influence of the ground tire rubber source (car/truck) and irradiation time on structure, physico-mechanical...
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Effect of high loading of titanium dioxide particles on the morphology and selected properties of natural rubber-based composites
PublikacjaThe aim of this work was to prepare and characterize the natural rubber vulcanizates contained different amounts of titanium dioxide particles. At first rubber mixture was prepared using a laboratory two-roll mill and then samples were vulcanized in a hydraulic press. The formulation of rubber mixture and rubber-processing technique is based on our earlier investigations. Materials were obtained at the different titanium dioxide...
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Efficiency of thermomechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber conducted in counter-rotating and co-rotating twin screw extruder
PublikacjaIn this article the results of research on a continuous thermomechanical reclaiming process of ground tire rubber (GTR) conducted in a twin screw extruder are presented. The effects of the rotation direction (co-rotating/counter-rotating), design of co-rotating plasticizing units and the rotational speed of the screws on the extruder working parameters, sol fraction and the degree of reclaiming in the obtained products were described....
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Chemical identification of rubber fender sample and hardness and density measurements
PublikacjaScope of testing: Chemical identification of rubber fender sample and hardness and density measurements. - Raport z badań zleconych - Numer umowy: 031178
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Reclaiming ground tire rubber at low temperatures: benefits and limitations
PublikacjaLower extrusion temperatures during rubber reclamation lead to a reduction in toxic degradation products and improve the mechanical properties of vulcanizates, at the expense of reduced processability.
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Copper Slag as a Potential Waste Filler for Polyethylene-Based Composites Manufacturing
PublikacjaThe present study aimed to analyze the application of waste material from copper production– copper slag (ŻŻL) as filler for composites based on the high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Copper slag filler was introduced in the amounts of 1–20 wt%, and its influence on the appearance (color analysis), chemical structure (Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy), microstructure (optical microscopy), as well as static (tensile...
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Preliminary Investigation on Auto-Thermal Extrusion of Ground Tire Rubber
PublikacjaGround tire rubber (GTR) was processed using an auto-thermal extrusion as a prerequisite to green reclaiming of waste rubbers. The reclaimed GTR underwent a series of tests: thermogravimetric analysis combined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and static headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS) in order...
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Modification of Ground Tire Rubber—Promising Approach for Development of Green Composites
PublikacjaGround tire rubber (GTR) was mechano-chemically modified using a road bitumen 100/150 and two types of organic peroxides: di-(2-tert-butyl-peroxyisopropyl)-benzene (BIB) and dicumyl peroxide (DCP). The impact of used additives on reactive sintering efficiency and physico-mechanical properties of modified GTR was investigated using oscillating disc rheometer measurements, followed by tensile tests and swelling behavior studies....
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An in-depth look at the tire rubber hardness influence on tire/road noise measurements
PublikacjaWhen assessing the acoustic quality of a road pavement with the close-proximity (CPX) or the on-board sound intensity (OBSI) method, the rubber hardness of the reference tire substantially affects the measurement. Practical experience shows that measurement tires can get significantly harder within a single measurement season. This is why one would like to normalize measurements to a reference rubber hardness. The recently published...
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Novel Approaches of Using of Spirulina Platensis in Natural Rubber Based Composites
PublikacjaThe aim of this work was to investigate the influence of Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) as a natural filler on the curing characterization, morphology and mechanical, thermomechanical and thermal properties of natural rubber (NR) based composites. Spirulina was introduced into NR mixture in amount of 0 phr, 10 phr and 30 phr. The vulcanization process was carried out at the determined process condition by using hydraulic press...
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From polymer waste to potential main industrial products: Actual state of recycling and recovering
Publikacjalastics have become widely used materials in everyday life due to their special properties such as durability, easy processing, light-weight and low-cost of production. However, because of their stable and non-biodegradable nature, postconsumer plastics become an issue to the environment. The growing amounts of waste are generated, as plastic products are commonly used only once before disposal. The alternatives of practical techniques...
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Development of methods improving storage stability of bitumen modified with ground tire rubber: A review
PublikacjaThe following paper presents an overview of methods for improving the storage stability at high temperature of rubber modified bitumen. The storage stability of the rubber modified bitumen can be improved by using a various types of modifiers that form the bonds between the components of these binders. The increase in stability can also be achieved by using crumbrubber surface-activated by furaldehyde or ground tire rubber (GTR)...
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Effect of ground tire rubber on structural, mechanical and thermal properties of flexible polyurethane foams
PublikacjaFlexible polyurethane foams were modified with two kinds of ground tire rubber, untreated and thermo-mechanically reclaimed. A reclamation process was performed in auto-thermal conditions, which reduced the cost of the process and decreased the environmental impact of devulcanization (e.g., emission of gases). The reclamation process was carried out in a continuous manner using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The foams were...
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Coffee Silverskin as a Multifunctional Waste Filler for High-Density Polyethylene Green Composites
PublikacjaThis work aims to describe the coffee silverskin effect as a lignocellulosic waste filler for high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites development. The main task was to determine various modification effects resulting from the complex chemical composition of coffee silverskin containing compounds with potential antioxidative properties, including caffeine, polyphenols, tannins, or melanoidins. The processing, thermal, physicochemical,...
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Rigid polyurethane foams modified with ground tire rubber - mechanical, morphological and thermal studies
PublikacjaRigid polyurethane foams, prepared by a single step method, were modified with the two types of ground tire rubber particles, i.e. untreated and thermo-mechanically reclaimed by using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The foaming process as well as the structure and the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting foams were investigated. The presence of ground tire rubber decreased the velocity of polymerization....
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Use of response surface methodology in characterization of properties of recycled high density polyethylene/ground tire rubber compositions
PublikacjaSearching for newways to utilize rubber and polymerwaste has been the focus of many studies conducted by research centers and companies worldwide. In this study, the influence of extrusion conditions on the properties of thermoplastic compositions containing post-production recycled high density polyethylene (PE-HD) and ground tire rubber (GTR) at 50:50 mass ratiowas examined. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to determine...
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Curing characteristics, mechanical and thermal properties of reclaimed ground tire rubber cured with various vulcanizing systems
PublikacjaGround tire rubber was thermo-mechanical reclaimed at 120 °C using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The effect of vulcanizing system type on curing characteristics, static mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation-at-break, hardness and resilience), dynamic mechanical properties and thermal properties of reclaimed ground tire rubber was investigated. Reclaimed rubber was cured using different types of vulcanization...
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Synergistic effect of multi walled carbon nanotubes and reduced graphene oxides in natural rubber for sensing application
PublikacjaUtilizing the electrical properties of polymer nanocomposites is an important strategy to develop high performance solvent sensors. Here we report the synergistic effect of multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) in regulating the sensitivity of the naturally occurring elastomer, natural rubber (NR). Composites were fabricated by dispersing CNTs alone and together with exfoliated RGO sheets (thermally...
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Effect of starch fillers on the dynamic mechanical properties of rubber biocomposite materials
PublikacjaIn the paper the results of dynamic mechanical study of the biocomposites containing one of two types of (potato or corn) strach used as fillers in different amount were discussed. The composites were obtained from rubbery mixture containing natural rubber (NR) as a main component. Thermomechanical analyses (by DMA) showed that the used quantity of strach fillers only slightly influence on the glass transition temperature of vulcanizates.
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Potential Alternative to Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene for Asphalt Modification Using Recycled Rubber–Plastic Blends
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Super tough interpenetrating polymeric network of styrene butadiene rubber‐poly (methyl methacrylate) incorporated with general purpose carbon black ( N660 )
PublikacjaA classic set of polymeric interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) microcomposites has been fabricated using an elastomer—styrene butadiene rubber [SBR], a thermoplastic poly(methyl methacrylate)-PMMA and with carbon black (CB)-N660 as a filler and reinforcing agent. This synthesized IPN composite can be promisingly employed as a toughened plastic and vibrational damper in a wide service range with excellent thermal stability,...
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Valorization of Bioplastic Waste: A Review on Effective Recycling Routes for the Most Widely Used Biopolymers
PublikacjaPlastics-based materials have a high carbon footprint, and their disposal is a considerable problem for the environment. Biodegradable bioplastics represent an alternative on which most countries have focused their attention to replace of conventional plastics in various sectors, among which food packaging is the most significant one. The evaluation of the optimal end-of-life process for bioplastic waste is of great importance...