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The Effects of Roadside Hazards on Road Accident Severity
PublikacjaThe risk of becoming involved in an accident emerges when elements of the transport system do not operate properly (man – vehicle – road – roadside). The road, its traffic layout andsafety equipment have a critical impact on road user safety. This gives infrastructural work a priority in road safety strategies and programmes. Run-off-road accidents continue to be one of the biggest problems of road safety with consequences including...
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Analysis of road accident causes in the voivodships in the years 2014-2021 in the aspect of socio-economic costs – towards the implementation of sustainable development
PublikacjaThe article addresses the topic of road safety. The objective of the research was to assess road accidents caused by voivodships. The analysis took account of the socio-economic differences in the voivodships, which deter-mine the unit costs of fatalities and injuries. A descriptive analysis is given to show the dynamics of changes in the years 2014-2021 in the voivodships and how different factors influenced change. The article...
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Speed, Alcohol and Safety Belts as Important Factors Influencing the Number of Fatalities in Road Accidents in the Voivodships
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Determinants and effects of Poland’s road accidents in the context of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development – poviat level analysis for the years 2010-2019
PublikacjaThe objective of the research was to assess how selected factors influence road safety in Poland’s poviats. To that end, an analysis was conducted of road accident determinants and effects in the poviats in the years 2010-2019. The time horizon fits in with Goal 3.6. of Agenda 2030, which is to halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents by 2020. The article pres-ents the analysis results for the...
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Run off road accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, type of accidents: Run off road. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Wojciech Kustra dr inż.
OsobyI am a Faculty member (Assistant Professor, Highway and Transportation Engineering Department) at the Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland). My main research interests include: road safety, accident analysis, traffic modeling, transportation planning, traffic engineering, transport management, gis analysis.
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Effect of the Road Environment on Road Safety in Poland
PublikacjaRun-off-road accidents tend to be very severe because when a vehicle leaves the road, it will often crash into a solid obstacle (tree, pole, supports, front wall of a culvert, barrier). A statistical analysis of the data shows that Poland's main roadside hazard is trees and the severity of vehicles striking a tree in a run-off-road crash. The risks are particularly high in north-west Poland with many of the roads lined up with...
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Assessing the Effects of the Road Surface and Weather Conditions on Road Safety
PublikacjaWhen transport is analysed for its safe delivery the focus is mainly on assessing the safety of roads and the risk of undesired events. These include road accidents, an occurrence which is relatively rare and random. Randomness means that accidents depend on several factors which are partly deterministic (can be controlled) and partly stochastic (random and unpredictable). The set of crash contributing factors can be classified...
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Tools for road infrastructure safety management in Poland
PublikacjaThe objective of road safety infrastructure management is to ensure that when roads are planned, designed, built and used road risks can be systematically identified, assessed, removed and mitigated. There are a number of approaches to road safety management. European Union Directive 2008/96/EC requires EU member states to use four basic tools of road safety infrastructure management. An overview of the methods in these countries...
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Safety PL - a support tool for Road Safety Impact Assessment
PublikacjaPublished on 19 November 2008, the European Union's Directive 2008/96/EC is one of the most important EU documents setting out a road safety orientation, in particular, road infrastructure safety management. It identifies four main areas of activity: road safety impact assessment, road safety audit, ranking of high accident concentration sections and network safety ranking and road infrastructure safety inspection. The Directive...
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Tools for road infrastructure safety management – Polish experiences
PublikacjaThe objective of road safety infrastructure management is to ensure that when roads are planned, designed, built and used road risks can be systematically identified, assessed, removed and mitigated. There are a number of approaches to road safety management. European Union Directive 2008/96/EC requires EU member states to use four basic tools of road safety infrastructure management. An overview of the methods in these countries...
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Solid road environment and its hazards
PublikacjaAccidents that involve vehicles departing the road tend to have very high severity, as they often result in the vehicle hitting a permanent obstacle (which can be a ree, a pole, facility pillar, front wall of a culvert or a barrier). In recent years, this type of accident caused approx. 19% of all road deaths in Poland. A particularly high risk can be observed on roads located in northern and western...
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Driver Fatigue and Road Safety on Poland's National Roads
PublikacjaThis paper presents an overview of factors causing driver fatigue as described in the literature. Next, a traffic crash database for 2003–2007 is used to identify the causes, circumstances and consequences of accidents caused by driver fatigue on Poland’s national roads. The results of the study were used to build a model showing the relationship between the concentration of road accidents and casualties, and the time of day. Finally,...
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Injury Prediction Models for Onshore Road Network Development
PublikacjaIntegrating different modes of transport (road, rail, air and water) is important for port cities. To accommodate this need, new transport hubs must be built such as airports or sea ports. If ports are to grow, they must be accessible, a feature which is best achieved by building new roads, including fast roads. Poland must develop a network of fast roads that will provide good access to ports. What is equally important is to upgrade...
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ROAD SAFETY MANAGEMENT TOOLS FOR COUNTRY STRATEGIC LEVEL
PublikacjaStrategic road safety programmes setting out long-term visions and road infrastructure development plans must be based on road safety forecasts and an understanding of the long-term impact of different measures on road safety. The objective of this paper is to discuss a concept of road safety management for an area of a selected country because there are no simple tools of road safety management for the development and implementation...
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Road safety information system in Poland - supporting tools and their development
PublikacjaAs a signatory to the UN Declaration on road safety and member of the EU, Poland has an obligation to comply with relevant EU policies and in particular to halve the overall number of road deaths by 2020. To monitor the progress in reaching the targets, the road safety situation must be evaluated and its processes understood. For this purpose regional and national road safety observatories were launched in Poland, which triggered...
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Pedestrian safety in road traffic – studies, recommendations and proposed improvements
PublikacjaPedestrians are involved and most frequently the victims of every third road accident in Poland. Pedestrian accidents most frequently occur in complex circumstances, as a result of many factors related to the behaviour of drivers and pedestrians. The basic parameters that determine road safety include the perception of traffic and visibility on the road. The paper will present the results of research conducted within the project...
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Elderly people accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, risk group: elderly people (65+) - drivers, passengers and . vulnerable road user. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Child accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, risk group: children - drivers, passengers and . vulnerable road user.. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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The effects of selected factors on regional road fatalities – analysis of the Łódź region
PublikacjaAnalysis of regional accident records shows that a country’s national road safety programme does not have the same effect in each of its regions. What may be a serious problem in one region may be of marginal significance in another. Polish and international experience shows that main risk groups and types of accidents related to the level of development and quality of the road network differ from region to region. The conclusion...
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2019 - Municipality areas
Dane BadawczeData contain the number of accidents, victims, accident costs divided on municipality areas (119 areas) on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2019. Measures used to assess the level of social risk are (5 classes: low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Does the Use of Cell Phones and Headphones at the Signalised Pedestrian Crossings Increase the Risk of Accident?
PublikacjaReduction of the number of fatalities among pedestrians remains a topical issue in Poland. For many years, this percentage has remained at around 30% of all those who were killed on the road. At the same time, there is an increase in the use of electronic devices by pedestrians and cyclists that may affect their perception when crossing the road. This can lead to traffic accidents. In order to investigate the problem, field studies...
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Assessment of the Influence of Road Infrastructure Parameters on the Behaviour of Drivers and Pedestrians in Pedestrian Crossing Areas
PublikacjaPedestrians are participants and, most likely, fatalities in every third road traffic accident in Poland. Over 30% of all fatalities on Polish roads are pedestrians. Accidents with pedestrians are very often the result of various factors related to the infrastructure and behaviour of pedestrians and drivers. The objective of the work was to assess driver and pedestrian behaviour in pedestrian crossing areas. The research also served...
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LS-DYNA simulations of the impacts of a 38-ton Heavy Goods Vehicle into a road cable barrier
PublikacjaNowadays, more and more attention is being paid to safety on roads and motorways. It is due to the continuous development of road and motorway network and a significant increase of the number of vehicles on roads. To meet the expectations of improving road safety in Poland, the Road Innovations Development (RID) research programme was implemented in 2016. The aim of the RID 3A - Road Safety Equipment (RoSE) project is a comprehensive...
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - All accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Pedestrian Safety in Road Traffic in Poland
PublikacjaEvery third road accident in Poland involves a pedestrian as a participant or, most of the time, a casualty. Pedestrian accidents are usually the result of complex situations and the outcome of a number of factors related to driver and pedestrian behaviour and road infrastructure. Safety depends largely on how well the traffic condition is perceived and on visibility in traffic. The paper presents the results of analyses of methodologies...
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Pedestrian and bicycle bridges as examples of safe collision-free road crossings
PublikacjaPedestrians are most at risk when they are crossing the road. This represents a significant proportion of all fatalities among pedestrians, amounting respectively to 50% in non-built-up areas and 75% in built-up areas. The most frequent reason for this accident is failure to give way. What is most terrible is that 30% of pedestrian accidents occurred at marked pedestrian crossings. Therefore, an important part of pedestrian safety...
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Pedestrian accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, risk group: Pedestrians. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Young drivers accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, risk group: young driver offender. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Motorcycle and moped accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, risk group: motorcyclists and mopeds. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Head-on accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, type of accidents: head-on. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Side-impact accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, type of accidents: Side-impact. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2019 - Poviat areas
Dane BadawczeData contain the number of accidents, victims, accident costs divided on poviat areas (16 areas) on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2019. Measures used to assess the level of social risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Cyclist accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, risk group: Cyclists. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Night accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, time of accidents: Night. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Excessive speed accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, cause of accidents: Excessive speed accidents. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Alcohol and drug accidents
Dane BadawczeData contain risk classification on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019, risk group: Offenders under influence of alcohol or drug - driver or pedestrian. Measures used to assess the level of risk are (5 classes low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Speed estimation of a car at impact with a W-beam guardrail using numerical simulations and machine learning
PublikacjaThis paper aimed at developing a new method of estimating the impact speed of a passenger car at the moment of a crash into a W-beam road safety barrier. The determination of such a speed based on the accident outcomes is demanding, because often there is no access to full accident data. However, accurate determination of the impact speed is one of the key elements in the reconstruction of road accidents. A machine learning algorithm...
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Studying the Behaviour of Pedestrians and Drivers Within Pedestrian Crossings
PublikacjaEvery third road accident in Poland involves a pedestrian as a participant or, most of the time, a casualty. Pedestrian accidents are usually the result of complex situations and the outcome of a number of factors related to driver and pedestrian behaviour and road infrastructure. Safety depends largely on how well the traffic condition is perceived and on visibility in traffic. The re-lations between pedestrians and motorists...
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Accidents, victims and risk levels on regional roads in pomorskie voivodeship, 2017-2019 - Medium to High and high road sections
Dane BadawczeData contain road sections with the highest number of accidents and victims on regional roads (voivodeship roads) in pomorskie voivodeship in 2017-2019. Measures used to assess the level of risk is: minimum 4 accidents or 4 seriously injured or fatalities per one kilometer (5 classes: low, low to medium, medium, medium to high, high):
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Analysing the impact of traffic incidents on express road traffic flow using FREEVAL
PublikacjaTraffic incidents occurring on motorways or express roads cause disruptions and deteriorate traffic conditions. The impact will differ depending on the type of incident, its duration and space blocked on the roadway and can be measured with e.g. average speed reduction, extension of travel time, time lost or overall costs of traffic disruptions. The aim of the paper is to analyse this impact, based on data from the Tri-City Ring...
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Why are trees still such a major hazard to drivers in Poland?
PublikacjaRoadside trees are one of Poland's most serious road safety issues. Since 2009 more than 2800 people have been killed as a result of tree collisions; this represents about 15% of all of Poland's accident fatalities between 2009 and 2013. In some of the country's regions striking a tree caused more than 30% of all road accident fatalities. With no proper regulations, guidelines or examples of good practice, roadside environments...
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The multivariate multilevel analisis of different regional factors impact on road saferty in european country regions = Wielopoziomowa analiza wieloczynnikowa wpływu różnych charakterystyk regionalnych na poziom bezpieczeństwo ruchu w regionach krajów europejskich
PublikacjaIn this research, the effect of the European regional differences on the risk of been killed in road accident in these regions is investigated. Factors which differentiate regions can be described as automotive, economic, infrastructural, demographic, geographic. Analyzed risk, counted as regional fatality rate was modeled by the Poisson model. Because of regional diversity of Poisson distribution parameters, the Poisson distribution...
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Experiences and Challenges in Fatality Reduction on Polish Roads
PublikacjaAccording to the UN, road safety is the key to achieving sustainable development goals, yet the complexity of how road accidents happen makes this a difficult challenge leaving many countries struggling with the problem. For years, Poland has infamously been one of the EU’s top countries for road-accident fatality rates. Despite that, it has made significant progress in the last thirty years with a fatality reduction of more than...
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Vision Zero in Poland
PublikacjaPoland’s experience of road safety work is relatively short. In the early 1990s road deaths soared to a staggering 8000 a year. A diagnosis found that Poland’s lack of systemic road safety action was to blame for those figures. In response, the state set up road safety bodies and commissioned road safety programs. In 2005, Poland followed the example of Sweden and adopted Vision Zero as a far-reaching concept of changes in road...
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Methods of Cyclist Training in Europe
PublikacjaThe following study aims to address the issue of cyclist training methodologies. Recent European bicycle accident statistics reveal a troubling upward trend. A potential solution to mitigate such incidents involves providing cyclists with comprehensive training encompassing traffic regulations and interactions with fellow road users. We conducted a comparative analysis of the cycling education approaches and cyclist training systems...
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Selected elements of the methodology and method of designing amphibious flood rescue vehicles
PublikacjaThe methodology of designing amphibious flood rescue vehicles at the preliminary stage of the design process has been presented. The study has been focused on the properties of such vehicles when afloat, with their on-land behaviour and performance characteristics having been left aside. In the study, a general assumption has been made that the amphibious flood rescue vehicles should be designed as, above all, watercraft that additionally...
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Study on the prevalence of mobile phone use by car drivers – the case of Poland
Publikacja: Distracted driving is a significant factor affecting road safety and it can occur as a result of using mobile phones while driving. The aim of the current research is to present the prevalence of mobile phone use by Polish car drivers, based on the roadside and online survey. The field study showed that 11.6% of 1867 drivers were using mobile phones while being in motion and 26.1% of 203 drivers when stopped in front of traffic...
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Spatial differentiation of road safety in Europe based on NUTS-2 regions
PublikacjaRoad safety varies significantly across the regions in Europe. To understand the factors behind this differentiation and the effects they have, data covering 263 NUTS-2 (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) regions across Europe (European Union and Norway) have been analysed. The assessment was made using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). As a dependent variable the Road Fatality Rate (RFR – number of fatalities...