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Search results for: BANKING SYSTEM
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THE PROBLEM OF THE BANKING SYSTEM STABILITY IN THE LITERATURE
PublicationThe article is an overview of the literature output in the field of banking sector stability. In the literature a plethora of definitions of the term may be encountered. There is no universal definition of the term. Therefore, the article proposes a unique division of the existing explanations into the following groups: stability determined by the quality of the banking sector, stability in terms of its influence on the macroeconomic...
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The UK's banking system as financial hub for Islamic banking
PublicationThis paper examines the phenomenon of London as "the Islamic banking hub". It contends that London has become not only an international centre for Islamic finance, but also that there is big interest and demand for Islamic banking products. The authors are also positive that Islamic banking may be a certain solution for the problems that Europe has been suffering since 2007 when the global debt crisis started. Our intention is...
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Maturity Mismatch in the Polish Banking System and its Impact on the Economy
PublicationIn the article maturity mismatch in the Polish banking system is estimated based on the publicly available data. Then the impact on the economy is discussed. Based on Polish central bank’s data it may be estimated that between 1996 and 2012 the maturity gap increased significantly – average residual maturity of assets exceeds 6 years in 2012 (less than 2 years in 1996), while that of liabilities remains below 1 year. The gap...
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Methods of Artificial Intelligence for Prediction and Prevention Crisis Situations in Banking Systems
PublicationIn this paper, a support vector machine has been studied due to prediction of bank crisis. To prevent outcomes of crisis situations, artificial neural networks have been characterized as applied to stock market investments, as well as to test the credibility of the bank's customers. Finally, some numerical experiments have been presented.
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Evaluation of Decision Fusion Methods for Multimodal Biometrics in the Banking Application
PublicationAn evaluation of decision fusion methods based on Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) and its modifications is presented in the article, studied over real biometric data from the engineered multimodal banking client verification system. First, the approaches for multimodal biometric data fusion for verification are explained. Then the proposed implementation of comparison scores fusion is presented, including details on the application...
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Interdependence of Ratios in Banking Stability Pentagon
PublicationThe banking sector is one of the key sectors in every economy, therefore, the issue of stability is one of the main interests not only of researchers but also policy-makers. The stability of the banking sector is especially important during a process of transformation. The aim of this article is to present a new tool for estimating the stability of the banking sector as a whole. Although the tool can be used to estimate the level...
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THE ASSESSMENT OF THE SITUATION IN BANKING SECTORS IN SELECTED EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
PublicationThe economic significance of the banking sector is well recognized in the theory and practice. In the literature there are discussed various topics concerning banking: banking sectors stability and its determinants, as well as influence of the banking sector on other sectors of the economy. Moreover the situation in the banking sector has been studied from different perspectives: its stability, profitability, efficiency, competition,...
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Banking concentration in the Baltic and Western Balkan states — selected issues
PublicationResearch background: In a rapidly changing economic environment companies deepen their cooperation, which entails in all sectors of the economy. The progressive increase in market concentration, especially in the banking sector, is caused by various reasons. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to compare the tendencies within market structures in few countries which origin from similar political systems and...
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Development of banking sectors in Kosovo and Montenegro in the years 2000 - 2010
PublicationThe article presents main aspects of development of banking markets in two Balkan countries - Kosovo and Montenegro. Both of them are charaterised by similar recent history, both in political and economical fields. Their financial sectors have had to be built almost from scretch. The author describes stages of development of competition in the banking sectors, using the following ratios: performace, structure, liquidity. The data...
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TRANSFORMATION OF THE BANKING SECTOR AS AN ELEMENT OF ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION IN SOUTH-EAST EUROPE
PublicationThe issue of stability in economy is essential, both in theoretical as well as in practical discussion. It is especially important in an environment of economic transformation. The aim of the article is to assess the economic stability during the transformation of the south-east region of Europe over a period of 19 years (1996 – 2014), and the mutual relation between the economic stability and the transformation process, including...
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Banking stability during the economic transformation process in selected countries of the Western Balkans
PublicationEconomic transformation is still an ongoing process in many European countries. Despite common economic roots, the current economic situations are developing differently in different countries. This article will consider the process of economic transformation in terms of the banking sector. It aims to assess the level of banking stability throughout the transformation process in the Western Balkan region, and to assess the determinates...
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Should Polish banks be domesticated?
PublicationThe financial crisis revealed vulnerabilities in the regulation and supervision of the banking system. The overarching goal of the proposal (Bazylea III and CRD IV) is to strengthen the resilience of the EU banking sector. The effects of these regulations will be detrimental to the Polish banking system and economy. This follows from the fact that listed banks in Poland are subsidiaries of international banking groups. The article...
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An assessment of Islamic banking in Bosnia and Herzegovina – a comparative analysis using the CAMELS approach
PublicationThis paper examines the phenomenon of Islamic banking in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Although almost half of the Bosnian population is recognized as Islamic, there is only one bank purely based on Sharia operating in this country. The aim of the article is to conduct a comparative analysis of the financial standing of this bank and the banking sector in this country and region. The chosen method of analysis is CAMELS which examines...
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Development of banking sectors in Kosovo and Montenegro in the years 2000-2010
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Variable length sliding models for banking clients face biometry
PublicationAn experiment was organized in 100 bank branches to acquire biometric samples from nearly 5000 clients including face images. A procedure for creating face verification models based on continuously expanding database of biometric samples is proposed, implemented, and tested. The presented model applies to circumstances where it is possible to collect and to take into account new biometric samples after each positive verification...
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FINANCIAL RESILIENCE TO THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE ROLE OF BANKING MARKET STRUCTURE
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Banking Sector’s Profitability and Its Transformation in the Selected Western Balkan Countries
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Climate Challenges and Financial Institutions: An Overview of the Polish Banking Sector’s Practices
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The project IDENT: Multimodal biometric system for bank client identity verification
PublicationBiometric identity verification methods are implemented inside a real banking environment comprising: dynamic handwritten signature verification, face recognition, bank cli-ent voice recognition and hand vein distribution verification. A secure communication system based on an intra-bank client-server architecture was designed for this purpose. Hitherto achieved progress within the project is reported in this paper with a focus...
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Handwritten signature verification system employing wireless biometric pen
PublicationThe handwritten signature verification system being a part of the developed multimodal biometric banking stand is presented. The hardware component of the solution is described with a focus on the signature acquisition and on verification procedures. The signature is acquired employing an accelerometer and a gyroscope built-in the biometric pen plus pressure sensors for the assessment of the proper pen grip and then the signature...
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Reality of short-term causality of Islamic and conventional banking term deposit rates in Pakistan
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Validating data acquired with experimental multimodal biometric system installed in bank branches
PublicationAn experimental system was engineered and implemented in 100 copies inside a real banking environment comprising: dynamic handwritten signature verification, face recognition, bank client voice recognition and hand vein distribution verification. The main purpose of the presented research was to analyze questionnaire responses reflecting user opinions on: comfort, ergonomics, intuitiveness and other aspects of the biometric enrollment...
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Bezpieczeństwo Bankowości Internetowej Wobec Współczesnych Cyberzagrożeń = INTERNET BANKING SECURITY IN TERMS OF CONTEMPORARY CYBERTHREATS
PublicationW niniejszej pracy zostały opisane aktualne podejścia do zabezpieczeń bankowości internetowej. Przeanalizowane jest bezpieczeństwo bankowości internetowej 7 banków polskich wobec współczesnych rodzajów cyberataków (takich jak ataki na użytkowników niemieckich banków w 2017 roku z wykorzystaniem luk bezpieczeństwa w systemie SS7). Zaproponowane są dwa podejścia do zabezpieczeń ochrony środków klientów banku wobec tych zagrożeń
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Performance Analysis of Developed Multimodal Biometric Identity Verification System
PublicationThe bank client identity verification system developed in the course of the IDENT project is presented. The total number of five biometric modalities including: dynamic handwritten signature proofing, voice recognition, face image verification, face contour extraction and hand blood vessels distribution comparison have been developed and studied. The experimental data were acquired employing multiple biometric sensors installed...
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Pilot Testing of Developed Multimodal Biometric Identity Verification System
PublicationThe bank client identity verification system developed in the course of the IDENT project is presented. The total number of five biometric modalities including: dynamic signature proofing, voice recognition, face image verification, face contour extraction and hand blood vessels distribution comparison have been developed and studied. The experimental data were acquired employing multiple biometric sensors installed at engineered...
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Evaluation of Face Detection Algorithms for the Bank Client Identity Verification
PublicationResults of investigation of face detection algorithms efficiency in the banking client visual verification system are presented. The video recordings were made in real conditions met in three bank operating outlets employing a miniature industrial USB camera. The aim of the experiments was to check the practical usability of the face detection method in the biometric bank client verification system. The main assumption was to provide...
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Una crisi diversa?
PublicationIl capitolo tratta della recente crisi finanziaria, analizzandone cause e conseguenze per il sistema bancario e finanziario mondiale
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Systemowe ryzyko płynności w polskim systemie bankowym – determinanty i trendy
PublicationCelem rozprawy jest określenie metod pomiaru systemowego ryzyka płynności oraz pomiar tego ryzyka dla polskiego systemu bankowego za pomocą zaproponowanych metod, w oparciu o dostępne dane. Do celów rozprawy zaliczyć należy również przedstawienie problemu systemowego ryzyka płynności od strony jego wpływu na gospodarkę. Zgodnie z hipotezą główną, systemowe ryzyko płynności w polskim systemie bankowym w latach 1996-2012 wzrosło....
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Financial Markets and Bankruptcy Systems: Is there a Relationship?
PublicationPurpose: Filling the cognitive gap in the theory of ex-post transaction costs, i.e., at the stage of enforcing market transactions by examining the relationship between friendliness/severity of the bankruptcy and restructuring law towards debtors, the level of development of financial markets, the effectiveness of the judicial system and the rate of debt recovery. Design/Methodology/Approach: In the research, the following methods...
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Analysis of results of large-scale multimodal biometric identity verification experiment
PublicationAn analysis of a large set of biometric data obtained during the enrolment and the verification phase in an experimental biometric system installed in bank branches is presented. Subjective opinions of bank clients and of bank tellers were also surveyed concerning the studied biometric methods in order to discover and to explore relations emerging from the obtained multimodal dataset. First, data acquisition and identity verification...
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Intelligent Knowledge-Base Model for IT Support Organization Evolution
PublicationThe goal of the paper is building the knowledge-based model for predicting the state of the IT support organization. These organizations, critical for development of various business sectors, are facing the problem of their transformation. It is the result of the fundamental change in the role of the IT organizations in the current economy. The complexity of the processes, the difficulty adjusting the operations and limited ability...
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User Authentication by Eye Movement Features Employing SVM and XGBoost Classifiers
PublicationDevices capable of tracking the user’s gaze have become significantly more affordable over the past few years, thus broadening their application, including in-home and office computers and various customer service equipment. Although such devices have comparatively low operating frequencies and limited resolution, they are sufficient to supplement or replace classic input interfaces, such as the keyboard and mouse. The biometric...
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FINANCIAL COMPARISON OF WESTERN BALKAN AND BALTIC SEA STATES USING THE CAMEL APPROACH
Publication• The aim - This article aims to compare the situation in the banking sectors of two regions, which due to their political and economic history have much in common. These are the Western Balkan States of Serbia, Croatia and Macedonia, and the Baltic Sea States of Lithuania, Estonia, and Latvia. • Methods - It presents three approaches to defining banking stability that can be found in the literature and carries out an initial...
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Economic significance of initial public offerings in China and India
PublicationRapid economic growth in China and India has attracted attention of many researchers, focusing on various social and economic factors underlying the success of these countries. One of the key components of country’s economy is financial system which consists of segments such as banking sector and equity market. The topic of initial public offerings (IPOs), one of the corporate financing sources, involving raising funds through...
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New technologies and diffusion of innovative financial products: Evidence on exchange-traded funds in selected emerging and developed economies
PublicationExchange-traded funds (ETFs) are one of the most rapidly-expanding categories of innovative financial products that have been introduced on many financial markets, in both emerging and developed economies. Our research contributes to the present state of knowledge by examining factors, including information and communication technologies (ICTs), influencing the diffusion of ETFs. In our research, we consider also the impact of...
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Znaczenie innowacji bankowych na przykładzie rozwoju e-bankingu w Chorwacji
PublicationRola systemu bankowego w gospodarce jest niezaprzeczalna, a jego rozwój jest zdetermi-nowany przez wiele czynników, wśród których waga nowoczesnych innowacji informa-tycznych jest nie do przecenienia. Przykładem takich rozwiązań jest e-banking, który stanowi przedmiot wielu badań. W artykule został podjęty problem rozwoju innowacji w bankowości, na przykładzie e-bankingu. Posłużono się przykładem Chorwacji, która jest 28. państwem...
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Multimedia industrial and medical applications supported by machine learning
PublicationThis article outlines a keynote paper presented at the Intelligent DecisionTechnologies conference providing a part of the KES Multi-theme Conference “Smart Digital Futures” organized in Rome on June 14–16, 2023. It briefly discusses projects related to traffic control using developed intelligent traffic signs and diagnosing the health of wind turbine mechanisms and multimodal biometric authentication for banking branches to provide...
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Scaled agile framework. Dealing with software process‐related challenges of a financial group with the action research approach
PublicationThis article reports on a domain-specific software development venture at Nordea. We explore organizational constraints, challenges, and corrective actions undertaken when scaling the agile development approach of their Core Banking Platform program. The fit and required customizations of the rather complex and rigid SAFe framework in a policy-heavy financial institution are audited against the organic growth of the program. In...
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Produkty strukturyzowane Alior Banku SA i ich efektywność
PublicationProdukty strukturyzowane, realizując potrzeby inwestorów, dają szansę na osiąganie wysokich zysków, przy jednoczesnej możliwości korzystania z ochrony kapitału. Do niedawna produkty strukturyzowane w Polsce były skierowane głównie do inwestorów o zasobniejszych portfelach, w ramach oferty private banking, obecnie są coraz bardziej popularne i dostępne dla wszystkich. Stało się to za sprawą obniżenia minimum inwestycyjnego struktur....
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The comparison of Internet Mortgage Market in Selected EU Countries
PublicationThe paper presents the description of Internet mortgage market in selected European Union countries. It starts with brief introduction to the concept of creating a fuzzy model representing Polish Internet Mortgage Market. Then, for better understanding of the complexities of this kind of market functioning the comparison is made between mortgage markets in Poland, Estonia, Germany and The United Kingdom (UK): The UK as the European...
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Playback Attack Detection: The Search for the Ultimate Set of Antispoof Features
PublicationAutomatic speaker verification systems are vulnerable to several kinds of spoofing attacks. Some of them can be quite simple – for example, the playback of an eavesdropped recording does not require any specialized equipment nor knowledge, but still may pose a serious threat for a biometric identification module built into an e-banking application. In this paper we follow the recent approach and convert recordings to images, assuming...
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Usability study of various biometric techniques in bank branches
PublicationThe purpose of the presented research was to evaluate the performance of the prepared biometric algorithms and obtain information on the opinions and preferences of their users in bank branches. The study aimed to determine users' attitudes towards particular modalities and preferences on how to use biometrics after the bank customers had practical experience with the operation of the prototype solutions. The research results...
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Inflation Forecast or Forecast(s) Targeting?
PublicationThe paper refers to L.E.O. Svensson’s concept of inflation forecast targeting (IFT) and its implementation by central banks of Sweden, Norway and the Czech Republic. The study focuses on (1) inflation forecasts published by selected central banks, i.e.headline inflation and core or monetary policy-relevant (MPR) inflation, which are made on the assumption of endogenous instrument rate, (2) one-year consumer...
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Merton-type default risk and financial performance: the dynamic panel moderation of firm size
PublicationPurpose – The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the probability of default and examine the relationship between default risk and financial performance, with dynamic panel moderation of firm size. Design/methodology/approach – This study utilizes a total of 1,500 firm-year observations from 2013 to 2018 using dynamic panel data approach of generalized method of moments to test the relationship between default risk and financial...