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Jacobi and gauss-seidel preconditioned complex conjugate gradient method with GPU acceleration for finite element method
PublikacjaIn this paper two implementations of iterative solvers for solving complex symmetric and sparse systems resulting from finite element method applied to wave equation are discussed. The problem under investigation is a dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) discretized by FEM with vector elements of the second order (LT/QN). The solvers use the preconditioned conjugate gradient (pcg) method implemented on Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)...
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GPU-Accelerated 3D Mesh Deformation for Optimization Based on the Finite Element Method
PublikacjaThis paper discusses a strategy for speeding up the mesh deformation process in the design-byoptimization of high-frequency components involving electromagnetic field simulations using the 3D finite element method (FEM). The mesh deformation is assumed to be described by a linear elasticity model of a rigid body; therefore, each time the shape of the device is changed, an auxiliary elasticity finite-element problem must be solved....
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Near-Field Wireless Sensing of Plastics and Papers Using Frugal Peel-Off Passive Tag
PublikacjaThis article presents a novel frugal approach of testing plastics and papers using a near-field microwave sensing technique with a peel-off tag. The proposed sensing technique involves two electrical entities: the sensor, which may be regarded as a reader, and a disposable tag. The reader is a modified design of a gap-coupled microstrip line (GCML) sensor, while the passive tag is a standard double-ring complementary split-ring...
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Fast EM-driven size reduction of antenna structures by means of adjoint sensitivities and trust regions
PublikacjaIn this letter, a simple yet robust and computationally efficient optimization technique for explicit size reduction of antenna structures is presented. Our approach directly handles the antenna size as the main design objective, while ensuring satisfactory electrical performance by means of suitably defined penalty functions. For the sake of accuracy, the antenna structure is evaluated using high-fidelity EM simulation. In order...
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Resonance Frequency Calculation of a Multilayer and Multipatch Spherical Microstrip Structure Using a Hybrid Technique
PublikacjaThis communication offers a rigorous analysis of the resonance frequency problem of a spherical microstrip structure mounted on a multilayer, dielectric-coated metallic sphere, with an electrically small radius. The structure consists of single or multiple metallic patches with arbitrary shapes. A full-wave analysis is employed with the use of proposed hybrid approach, combining the finite-difference technique with a spectral domain...
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New plasmonic platform for enhanced luminescence of Valrubicin
PublikacjaLuminescence enhanced by new structure of plasmonic platform with aluminum oxide (Al2O3) buffer layer deposited on gold nanostructures is investigated. Regularly distributed gold nanostructures of average dimension of 50 nm formed the active part of plasmonic platforms. They were manufactured on Corning 1737 glass substrate by melting of gold thin film. The nanostructures were coated by dielectric Al2O3 thin film with thickness...
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Accelerated Re-Design of Antenna Structures Using Sensitivity-Based Inverse Surrogates
PublikacjaThe paper proposes a novel framework for accelerated re-design (dimension scaling) of antenna structures using inverse surrogates. The major contribution of the work is a sensitivity-based model identification procedure, which permits a significant reduction of the number of reference designs required to render the surrogate. Rigorous formulation of the approach is supplemented by its comprehensive numerical validation using a...
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KTaO3 a perovskite for water and air treatment
PublikacjaPerovskites are inorganic compounds that exhibit dielectric properties. These minerals belong to the crystal ceramics family. These compounds are described by the formula: ABX3 where, A and B are 2, 3 or 4 valuable metal ions, and X is an ion of oxygen or fluorine. An example of perovskite is the compound KTaO3. There are many methods for producing KTaO3, but the hydrothermal method is most commonly used. Perovskites can be characterized...
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Fast Multi-Objective Optimization of Narrow-Band Antennas Using RSA Models and Design Space Reduction
PublikacjaComputationally efficient technique for multi-objective design optimization of narrow-band antennas is presented. In our approach, the corrected low-fidelity antenna model (obtained through coarse-discretization EM simulations) is enhanced using frequency scaling and response correction, sampled, and utilized to obtain a fast response surface approximation (RSA) antenna surrogate. The RSA model is constructed in the reduced design space....
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Comprehensive dimension scaling of multi-band antennas for operating frequencies and substrate parameters
PublikacjaIn this paper, low-cost and comprehensive redesign of multi-band antennas with respect to the operating frequencies and material parameters of the substrate is presented. Our approach exploits an inverse surrogate model identified based on a set of reference designs optimized at the level of coarse-discretization EM simulations of the antenna at hand. An iterative correction procedure is also implemented to account for the initial...
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Rapid antenna design optimization using shape-preserving response prediction
PublikacjaAn approach to rapid optimization of antennas using the shape-preserving response-prediction (SPRP) technique and coarsediscretization electromagnetic (EM) simulations (as a low-fidelity model) is presented. SPRP allows us to estimate the response of the high-fidelity EM antenna model, e.g., its reflection coefficient versus frequency, using the properly selected set of so-called characteristic points of the low-fidelity model...
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Rapid EM-driven antenna dimension scaling through inverse modeling
PublikacjaIn this letter, a computationally feasible technique for dimension scaling of antenna structures is introduced. The proposed methodology is based on inverse surrogate modeling where the geometry parameters of the antenna structure of interest are explicitly related to the operating frequency. The surrogate model is identified based on a few antenna designs optimized for selected reference frequencies. For the sake of computational...
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Finite element/mode-matching analysis of ferrite/dielectric line junctions of arbitrary cross-section
PublikacjaThis paper is focused on the analysis of line junctions obtained as a cascade of dielectric and ferrite guides of arbitrary cross-section. The main application of such structures is nonreciprocal devices such as isolators, circulators, or phase shifters. The efficient finite element/mode-matching approach is proposed to the analysis of such structures. In this approach, thefiniteelementmethod is applied todetermine propagation...
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Electric Field-Driven Assembly of Sulfonated Polystyrene Microspheres
PublikacjaA designed assembly of particles at liquid interfaces offers many advantages for development of materials, and can be performed by various means. Electric fields provide a flexible method for structuring particles on drops, utilizing electrohydrodynamic circulation flows, and dielectrophoretic and electrophoretic interactions. In addition to the properties of the applied electric field, the manipulation of particles often depends...
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Application of the discrete Green's function-based antenna simulations for excitation of the total-field/scattered-field interface in the FDTD method
PublikacjaIn this article, the discrete Green's function formulation of the finite-difference time-domain (DGF-FDTD) method is proposed for simulation of wire antennas irradiating inhomogeneous dielectric scatterers. Surface equivalence theorem in the discrete domain is used to separate the problem into an inhomogeneous domain and a wire antenna that are simulated with the use of FDTD and DGF-FDTD, respectively. Then, the excitation of the...
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Crank–Nicolson FDTD Method in Media Described by Time-Fractional Constitutive Relations
PublikacjaIn this contribution, we present the Crank-Nicolson finite-difference time-domain (CN-FDTD) method, implemented for simulations of wave propagation in media described by time-fractional (TF) constitutive relations. That is, the considered constitutive relations involve fractional-order (FO) derivatives based on the Grünwald-Letnikov definition, allowing for description of hereditary properties and memory effects of media and processes....
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Coplanar Waveguide-Fed Broadband Microwave Devices with (or without) a Thin Dielectric Substrate for Use in Flexible Electronic Systems
PublikacjaTwo examples of microwave devices, fed by a coplanar waveguide and realized on a thin substrate (or without such a substrate), are employed to investigate the influence of devices’ curvatures and the proximity of different materials on their parameters. To perform the tests, a broadband antenna and a low-pass filter are chosen. A feeding coplanar waveguide is realized on a dielectric material brick attached to an SMA connector...
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The Impact of Thermal Stresses on Volume Resistivity: Performance Comparison between TR-XLPE and XLPE Cables
PublikacjaMost failures in electric power cables are attributed to the development of water trees inside the insulating materials. Thus, the development and utilization of Tree Retardant Cross-Linked Polyethylene (TR-XLPE) based cables have recently been given great attention to overcome the treeing issues. TR-XLPE cables use low-density polyethylene compounds suppressing the formation of water trees while retaining excellent electrical,...
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Broadband Compact Single-Layer Magic-T Junction with Separation of DC Signals between All Ports
PublikacjaA novel structure for a four-port microstrip magic-T junction is presented. The device is composed of microstrip and slotline circuits etched onto two sides of a dielectric substrate. The device is extremely compact and occupies an area more than three times smaller than similar structures recently reported in the literature. The novelty of the device lies in the use of microstrip/slotline transitions for both input ports: summation...
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Dissociative ionization dynamics of dielectric gas C3F7CN
PublikacjaFluoronitrile C3F7CN is a promising candidate for the replacement of SF6 dielectric gas in high-voltage insulation. We present a combined experimental and theoretical study on its ionization dynamics probed in the 0-100 eV energy range. We exploited the total ion collection technique to determine the absolute ionization cross section, mass spectrometry to determine the fragment branching ratios and ab initio nonadiabatic molecular...
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Rapid redesign of multiband antennas with respect to operating conditions and material parameters of substrate
PublikacjaThis work addresses geometry parameter scaling of multi-band antennas for Internet of Things applications. The presented approach is comprehensive and permits re-design of the structure with respect to both the operating frequencies and material parameters of the dielectric substrate. A two-step procedure is developed with the initial design obtained from an inverse surrogate model constructed using a set of appropriately prepared...
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Metal-Organic Framework (MOF)/Epoxy Coatings: A Review
PublikacjaEpoxy coatings are developing fast in order to meet the requirements of advanced materials and systems. Progress in nanomaterial science and technology has opened a new era of engineering for tailoring the bulk and surface properties of organic coatings, e.g., adhesion to the substrate, anti-corrosion, mechanical, flame-retardant, and self-healing characteristics. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a subclass of coordinative polymers...
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Studying the Effect of Working Conditions on WEDM Machining Performance of Super Alloy Inconel 617
PublikacjaWire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) has been for many years a precise and efficient non-conventional manufacturing solution in various industrial applications, mostly involving the use of hard-to machine materials like, among other, the Inconel super alloys. The focus of the present study is on exploring the effect of selected control parameters, including pulse duration, pulse-off time and the dielectric flow pressure on...
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Gigantic electro-chemo-mechanical properties of nanostructured praseodymium doped ceria
PublikacjaSome oxygen defective fluorites are non-Newnham electrostrictors, i.e., the electromechanical response does not depend on their dielectric properties. Here, we show gigantic electrostriction in nanocrystalline 25 mol% praseodymium doped ceria (PCO) bulk ceramics. The material was fabricated with a fieldassisted spark plasma sintering (SPS) process from high-purity nanoscale PCO powders (<20 nm). The SPS process consolidates the...
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Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Actuators
PublikacjaThis paper presents a part of the works conducted in the Plasmaero European project (task 1.1) on surface dielectric barrier discharge actuators applied to airflow control. The study is divided into several parts. In the first part, the goal is to enhance the electric wind produced by a typical single DBD actuator by optimization of the active electrode shape. For instance, the use of a thin wire instead of a plate air-exposed...
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An Efficient Framework For Fast Computer Aided Design of Microwave Circuits Based on the Higher-Order 3D Finite-Element Method
PublikacjaIn this paper, an efficient computational framework for the full-wave design by optimization of complex microwave passive devices, such as antennas, filters, and multiplexers, is described. The framework consists of a computational engine, a 3D object modeler, and a graphical user interface. The computational engine, which is based on a finite element method with curvilinear higher-order tetrahedral elements, is coupled with built-in...
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Kriging metamodels and design re‐utilization for fast parameter tuning of antenna structures
PublikacjaThe paper addresses the problem of computationally efficient electromagnetic (EM)‐driven design closure of antenna structures. The foundations of the presented approach are fast kriging interpolation metamodels, utilized for two purposes: (a) producing a good starting point for further parameter tuning, and (b) yielding a reasonable Jacobian matrix estimate to jump‐start the optimization procedure. The models are rendered using...
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On Reduced-Cost Design-Oriented Constrained Surrogate Modeling of Antenna Structures
PublikacjaDesign of contemporary antenna structures heavily relies on full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation models. Such models are essential to ensure reliability of evaluating antenna characteristics, yet, they are computationally expensive and therefore unsuitable for handling tasks that require multiple analyses, e.g., parametric optimization. The cost issue can be alleviated by using fast surrogate models. Conventional data-driven...
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Propagation Characteristics of Partial Discharges in an Oil-Filled Power Transformer
PublikacjaPower transformers are among the most important assets in the power transmission and distribution grid. However, they suffer from degradation and possible faults causing major electrical and financial losses. Partial discharges (PDs) are used to identify the insulation health status and their degradation level. PDs are incipient, low-magnitude faults caused by localized dielectric breakdown. Those activities emit signals in many...
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An Optimized Ka-Band Low Profile Dual-Polarized Transmitarray Antenna With 2D Beam Switching
PublikacjaThis article presents an optimized dual-polarized transmitarray antenna (TA) designed for MIMO applications at the Ka-band, capable of switching beams in two directions. The antenna aperture uses a small unit cell with three layers of Taconic RF-35 dielectric substrates, which can be easily fabricated using PCB technology. The unit cell achieved a 360-degree phase shift and a transmission magnitude exceeding –0.4 dB at 28 GHz....
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Magnetic switching of Kerker scattering in spherical microresonators
PublikacjaMagneto-optical materials have become a key tool in functional nanophotonics, mainly due to their ability to offer active tuning between two different operational states in subwavelength structures. In the long-wavelength limit, such states may be considered as the directional forward- and back-scattering operations, due to the interplay between magnetic and electric dipolar modes, which act as equivalent Huygens sources. In this...
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Effect of Semiconductor Element Substitution on the Electric Properties of Barium Titanate Ceramics
PublikacjaThe investigated ceramics were prepared by a solid-state reaction from simple oxides and carbonates with the use of a mixed oxide method (MOM). The morphology of BaTi0.96Si0.04O3 (BTSi04) ceramics was characterised by means of a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that Si+4 ion substitution supported the grain growth process in BT-based ceramics. The EDS results confirmed the high purity and expected quantitative composition...
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Microfluidically Frequency-Reconfigurable Self-Quadruplexing Antenna Based on Substrate Integrated Square-Cavity
PublikacjaIn this article, a novel concept of self-quadruplexing tunable antenna (SQTA) enabled by microfluidic channels is investigated. The operating channels are either filled with air or dielectric liquids to enable frequency tunability. The proposed SQTA is implemented on the substrate-integrated square-cavity (SISC). A swastika-shaped slot is milled on the top-surface of the SISC to create four quarter-mode resonators. The resonators...
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Nonlinearity shaping in nanostructured glass-diamond hybrid materials for optical fiber preforms
PublikacjaNanodiamond integration with optical fibers has proved a compelling methodology for magneto-optics. We reveal that the applicability of nanodiamonds in nonlinear optics goes beyond the previous demonstrations of frequency converters. Instead, we exploit the recently reported volumetric integration of nanodiamonds along the optical fiber core and show that the nonlinear response of glasses can be manipulated by nanodiamonds. By...
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An Innovative Antenna Array with High Inter Element Isolation for Sub-6 GHz 5G MIMO Communication Systems
PublikacjaA novel technique is shown to improve the isolation between radiators in antenna arrays. The proposed technique suppresses the surface-wave propagation and reduces substrate loss thereby enhancing the overall performance of the array. This is achieved without affecting the antenna’s footprint. The proposed approach is demonstrated on a four-element array for 5G MIMO applications. Each radiating element in the array is constituted...
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An MOR Algorithm Based on the Immittance Zero and Pole Eigenvectors for Fast FEM Simulations of Two-Port Microwave Structures
PublikacjaThe aim of this article is to present a novel model-order reduction (MOR) algorithm for fast finite-element frequency-domain simulations of microwave two-port structures. The projection basis used to construct the reduced-order model (ROM) comprises two sets: singular vectors and regular vectors. The first set is composed of the eigenvectors associated with the poles of the finite-element method (FEM) state-space system, while...
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A Microwave Sensor with Operating Band Selection to Detect Rotation and Proximity in the Rapid Prototyping Industry
PublikacjaThis paper presents a novel sensor for detecting and measuring angular rotation and proximity, intended for rapid prototyping machines. The sensor is based on a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) driven by a conductor-backed coplanar waveguide. The sensor has a planar topology, which makes it simple and cost-effective to produce and accurate in measuring both physical quantities. The sensor has two components, a rotor, and...
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Expedited Simulation-Driven Multi-Objective Design Optimization of Quasi-Isotropic Dielectric Resonator Antenna
PublikacjaMajority of practical engineering design problems require simultaneous handling of several criteria. Although many of design tasks can be turned into single-objective problems using sufficient formulations, in some situations, acquiring comprehensive knowledge about possible trade-offs between conflicting objectives may be necessary. This calls for multi-objective optimization that aims at identifying a set of alternative, Pareto-optimal...
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Ultra-Compact Self-Quadruplexing Microfluidically Frequency Reconfigurable Slot Antenna Using Half-Mode SIW
PublikacjaIn this brief, the design of an ultra-compact self-quadruplexing frequency reconfigurable antenna (SQFRA) utilizing a half-mode substrate-integrated waveguide (HMSIW) and microfluidic channels is discussed. Four HMSIW cavities fed by four microstrip lines and slots are used to construct a highly compact antenna. The microstrip feedings to the HMSIW cavities are applied in such a way that the proposed antenna exhibits self-quadruplexing...
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Nonlinear free and forced vibrations of a dielectric elastomer-based microcantilever for atomic force microscopy
PublikacjaThe majority of atomic force microcode (AFM) probes work based on piezoelectric actuation. However, some undesirable phenomena such as creep and hysteresis may appear in the piezoelectric actuators that limit their applications. This paper proposes a novel AFM probe based on dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). The DE is modeled via the use of a hyperelastic Cosserat model. Size effects and geometric nonlinearity are included...
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Enhanced Spectroscopic Insight into Acceptor-Modified Barium Strontium Titanate Thin Films Deposited via the Sol–Gel Method
PublikacjaIn the present paper, composite thin films of barium strontium titanate (BaxSr1−xTiO3) with an acceptor modifier (magnesium oxide—MgO) were deposited on metal substrates (stainless steel type) using the sol–gel method. The composite thin films feature BaxSr1−xTiO3 ferroelectric solid solution as the matrix and MgO linear dielectric as the reinforcement, with MgO concentrations ranging from 1 to 5 mol%. Following thermal treatment...
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Microwave Characterization of Dielectric Sheets in a Plano-Concave Fabry-Perot Open Resonator
PublikacjaDespite its long history, a double-concave (DC) Fabry-Perot open resonator (FPOR) has recently gained popularity in the characterization of dielectrics in the 20–110 GHz range, mainly due to such novel accomplishments as full automation of the measurement process and the development of even ore accurate and computationally efficient electromagnetic model. However, it has been discovered that such a DC resonator suffers from unwanted...
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High gain/bandwidth off‑chip antenna loaded with metamaterial unit‑cell impedance matching circuit for sub‑terahertz near‑field electronic systems
PublikacjaAn innovative off-chip antenna (OCA) is presented that exhibits high gain and efficiency performance at the terahertz (THz) band and has a wide operational bandwidth. The proposed OCA is implemented on stacked silicon layers and consists of an open circuit meandering line. It is shown that by loading the antenna with an array of subwavelength circular dielectric slots and terminating it with a metamaterial unit cell, its impedance...
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Rapid Design of 3D Reflectarray Antennas by Inverse Surrogate Modeling and Regularization
PublikacjaReflectarrays (RAs) exhibit important advantages over conventional antenna arrays, especially in terms of realizing pencil-beam patterns without the employment of the feeding networks. Unfortunately, microstrip RA implementations feature narrow bandwidths, and are severely affected by losses. A considerably improved performance can be achieved for RAs involving grounded dielectric layers, which are also easy to manufacture using...
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High frequency impulse ground penetrating radar application in assessment of interlayer connections
PublikacjaGround Penetrating Radar (GPR) technique is commonly used in the nondestructive evaluation of pavement structures. In particular, this method is used to estimate thicknesses of pavement layers as well as it can be utilized in advanced studies of pavement structures. The device presented in this paper comprise the high frequency impulse antennas that allow for investigating the interlayer zones in terms of their electromagnetic...
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Electronic conductivity in the SiO2-PbO-Fe2O3 glass containing magnetic nanostructures
PublikacjaThe linear impedance spectra of iron–silicate–lead glass samples were measured in the frequency range from 1 MHz to 1 MHz and in the temperature range from 153 K to 423 K. The structure was investigated by means of XRD and atomic force microscopy. Local electrical and magnetic properties of the samples were tested with the aid of electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The obtained results show...
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Electrical properties and structure of lead-borate glass containing iron ions.
PublikacjaThe ac and dc conductivity in iron–lead-borate glass samples was investigated in the frequency range from 1 mHz to 1 MHz and in the temperature range from 153 K to 423 K. The structure was investigated by the means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and the crystalline phases (if present) were identified by the means of X-ray diffractometry. Two types of ac electrical behaviour were observed. The first group of glass samples which...
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Coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations in optic fibers theory
PublikacjaIn this paper a detailed derivation and numerical solutions of CoupledNonlinear Schr¨odinger Equations for pulses of polarized electromagnetic wavesin cylindrical fibers has been reviewed. Our recent work has been compared withsome previous ones and the advantage of our new approach over other methods hasbeen assessed. The novelty of our approach lies is an attempt to proceed withoutloss of information within the frame of basic...
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Frequency Selective Surface Based MIMO Antenna Array for 5G Millimeter-Wave Applications
PublikacjaAbstract: In this paper a radiating element consisting of a modified circular patch is proposed for MIMO arrays for 5G millimeter-wave applications. The radiating elements in the proposed 2×2 MIMO antenna array are orthogonally configured relative to each other to mitigate mutual coupling that would otherwise degrade the performance of the MIMO system. The MIMO array was fabri-cated on Rogers RT/Duroid high frequency substrate...
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Understanding the Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of Vacancy-Ordered Double Perovskite A2BX6 for Optoelectronic Applications
PublikacjaOver the past few years, metal halide perovskite solar cells have made significant advances. Currently, the single-junction perovskite solar cells reach a conversion efficiency of 25.7%. Perovskite solar cells with a wide band gap can also be used as top absorber layers in multi-junction tandem solar cells. We examined the dynamical and thermal stability, electronic structure, and optical features of In2PtX 6 (X = Cl, Br, and I)...