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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: AMBIENT AIR
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The Fate of BTEX Compounds in Ambient Air
PublikacjaAs a result of the industrialization and urbanization in the world, human pressure on the environment is intensifying, leading to detrimental changes in both biotic and abiotic compartments. One of the many consequences of this state of affairs is the increasing rate of emission into the atmosphere of volatile organic compounds, including the so-called BTEX (benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xylenes) compounds. The authors review...
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Environmental fate of BTEX compounds in ambient air
PublikacjaAs a result of the industrialization and urbanization in the world, human pressure on the environment is intensifying, leading to detrimental changes in both biotic and abiotic compartments. One of the many consequences of this state of affairs is the increasing rate of emission into the atmosphere of volatile organic compounds, including the so-called BTEX (benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xylenes) compounds. The article reviews...
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Review of the determination of pesticide residues in ambient air
PublikacjaW publikacji dokonano przeglądu najważniejszych metodyk oznaczania pozostałości pestycydów w powietrzu zewnętrznym. W publikacji przedstawiono także techniki używane do oznaczeń końcowych. Obecnie najpopularniejszą techniką oznaczeń końcowych jest chromatografia gazowa bądź cieczowa sprzężona ze spektrometrem mas.
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Comparison of the measurement techniques employed for evaluation of ambient air odour quality
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of investigation on ambient air odour quality in a vicinity of the industrial sewage treatment plant being a part of the crude oil processing plant. The investigation was performed during spring-winter season using a prototype of electronic nose and the Nasal Ranger field olfactometers. The prototype was equipped with a set of six semiconductor sensors by FIGARO Co. and one PID-type sensor. The field...
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Evaluation of the Commercial Electrochemical Gas Sensors for the Monitoring of CO in Ambient Air
PublikacjaAir pollution is a growing concern of civilized world, which has a significant impact on human health and the environment. Recent studies highlight that the exposure to polluted air can increase the incidence of diseases and deteriorate the quality of life. Hence, it is necessary to develop tools for real-time air quality monitoring. For air pollution monitoring a wide range of stationary gas and particulate analysers can be used....
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Comparison of the tests for equivalence of the measurement methods for measurement of PM10 dust in ambient air
PublikacjaThe paper presents the motives for conducting the equivalence tests and the reasons of discrepancies between the results of PM10 dust concentration obtained via the reference method and the methods based on 'on-site' measurement. The reference and non-reference methods of measurement of PM10 dust concentration in air have been discussed. Field tests for equivalence, following the Polish standard and the European Union (EU) guidelines,...
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Evaluation of Ambient Air Odour Quality in Vicinity of Municipal Landfill Using Electronic Nose Technique
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of investigation on ambient air quality evaluation with respect to concentration of odorants in a vicinity of municipal landfill. The investigation was carried out with a prototype of electronic nose and a team of panelists utilizing the Nasal Ranger field olfactometers. The prototype was equipped with a set of six semiconductor sensors by FIGARO Co. and one PID-type sensor. Performed measurements...
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Ice Regime of the Kozłowa Góra Reservoir (Southern Poland) as an Indicator of Changes of the Thermal Conditions of Ambient Air
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Diagnostics of UV Nanosecond Laser Generated Plasma Plume Dynamics in Ambient Air Using Time-Resolved Imaging
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Comparison of the Measurement Techniques Employed for Evaluation of Ambient Air Odour Quality Influenced by Operation of Industrial Sewage Treatment Plant
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of investigation on ambient air quality evaluation with respect to concentration of odorants in a vicinity of a sewage treatment plant of the LOTOS Group S.A. petroleum plant. The investigation was performed during winter season using a prototype of electronic nose and the Nasal Ranger field olfactometers. The prototype was equipped with a set of six semiconductor sensors by FIGARO Co. and one PID-type...
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Application of Electronic Nose to Ambient Air Quality Evaluation With Respect to Odour Nuisance in Vicinity of Municipal Landfills and Sewage Treatment
PublikacjaThis chapter contains information about application of the electronic nose type instruments to evaluation of ambient air odour quality connected with such sectors of human activity as municipal landfills or sewage treatment plants. The authors present potential sources of emission from these sectors, characterize the chemical compounds responsible for presence of unpleasant odours, describe the influence of those compounds on human...
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Preliminary study of possible relationships between exposure to PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs in ambient air and the length of life of people
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AIR QUALITY INFLUENCE OF SELECTED POLLUTANTS EMITTED FROM A FIRE OF 300 MG OF MUNICIPAL WASTE ON AMBIENT AIR QUALITY: AN EXAMPLE OF MODELLING WITH HYSPLIT
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Understanding the Dominant Physics Mechanisms on the p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells Fabricated by Scalable Slot-Die Coating Process in Ambient Air
PublikacjaPerovskite solar cells (PSC) are emerging technologies that have shown continuous improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability. However, a very important aspect that has been seldom considered is the reproducibility of PCE of PSC devices. It is possible to achieve PCE from 10.21% to 17.05% using scalable slot-die-coating technique. However, a spatial distribution of performance is clearly observed for device samples...
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Different Ways to Apply a Measurement Instrument of E-Nose Type to Evaluate Ambient Air Quality with Respect to Odour Nuisance in a Vicinity of Municipal Processing Plants
PublikacjaThis review paper presents different ways to apply a measurement instrument of e-nose type to evaluate ambient air with respect to detection of the odorants characterized by unpleasant odour in a vicinity of municipal processing plants. An emphasis was put on the following applications of the electronic nose instruments: monitoring networks, remote controlled robots and drones as well as portable devices. Moreover, this paper presents...
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Cold Start Emissions of Spark-Ignition Engines at Low Ambient Temperatures as an Air Quality Risk
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Air Pollution: Monitoring
PublikacjaThe entry presents an overview of the issues in the field of air pollution monitoring. At the beginning, the general objectives of air monitoring, ambient air quality standards for so-called criteria pollutants, and their sources are discussed. In the next part, both analytical methods and instruments for monitoring of ambient air and stack gases are briefly presented. Additionally, other approaches used in air pollution monitoring,...
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Jerzy Kowalski dr hab. inż.
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Investigation of Air Quality beside a Municipal Landfill: The Fate of Malodour Compounds as a Model VOC
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of an investigation on ambient air odour quality in the vicinity of a municipal landfill. The investigations were carried out during the spring–winter and the spring seasons using two types of the electronic nose instrument. The field olfactometers were employed to determine the mean odour concentration, which was from 2.1 to 32.2 ou/m3 depending on the measurement site and season of the year. In...
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Mobile Systems (Portable, Handheld, Transportable) for Monitoring Air Pollution
PublikacjaThe monitoring and analysis of atmospheric air pollutants is a rapidly developing branch of analytical chemistry. The in situ analysis of atmospheric air quality using mobile instrumentation is becoming routine. The article provides information on devices used in various kinds of mobile laboratories. It reviews the portable gas chromatographs and handheld devices used for detecting and determining specific harmful substances in...
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Comparison of Evaluation of Air Odour Quality in Vicinity of Petroleum Plant Using a Prototype of Electronic Nose Instrument and Fast GC Technique
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of investigation on classification of the ambient air samples collected in a vicinity of the LOTOS Group S.A. petroleum plant with respect to odour. The investigations were carried out with an electronic nose prototype and a commercial electronic nose of Fast GC-type – HERACLES II. The prototype was equipped with a set of six semiconductor sensors by FIGARO Co. and a photoionization sensor of PID-type....
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Monitoring of odour nuisance in the Tricity Agglomeration
PublikacjaThe paper describes a principle of operation of odour nuisance monitoring network, which is being designed in the Tricity Agglomeration. Moreover, it presents the preliminary results of an investigation on ambient air quality with respect to odour nuisance in a vicinity of the municipal landfill. The investigation was performed during spring-winter season using a prototype of electronic nose and the Nasal Ranger field olfactometers. The...
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APPLICABILITY OF INLET AIR FOGGING TO MARINE GAS TURBINE
PublikacjaThe dependency of marine gas turbine on the ambient temperature leads to a decrease of the gas turbine power output in arid areas. Very often gas turbine power output demand is high and the power margins originally designed into the driver , has been exhausted. In such circumstances the inlet air fogging is an effective compensation of gas turbine power. In this paper an analysis of inlet air fogging applicability to marine gas...
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STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TURBINE CONDENSER AIR EXTRACTION SYSTEM USING HYDRO EJECTORS
PublikacjaThe aim of the paper is to investigate the effectiveness of the 18K380 steam turbine condenser air extraction system using hydro ejectors. Motivation for the analysis is a need of improvement of the energy conversion ratio of the power plant. To achieve this goal it is necessary to establish efficiency of each subsystem of the energy cycle. The air extraction system is not a highly power consuming system but it has great impact...
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The applicability of low-cost PM10 sensors for atmospheric air quality monitoring
PublikacjaDescribed in this work are the results of field tests carried out in the Tricity Agglomeration between 01 April 2018 and 30 June 2018 in order to evaluate the usefulness of low-cost PM10 sensors in atmospheric air quality monitoring. The results were juxtaposed with the results obtained using reference methods. The results were validated based on the measurement uncertainty as described in...
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Testing and sampling devices for monitoring volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds in indoor air
PublikacjaAdults spend most of their time in enclosed spaces (e.g., apartment, office and public buildings). According to research conducted by scientists, air quality indoors is much worse than the ambient air quality outdoors. Hazardous chemicals found in air indoors can adversely affect the functioning of the human body and cause many respiratory and circulatory diseases. Harmful chemical compounds (mainly volatile organic compounds and...
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A novel degree-hour method for rational design loading
PublikacjaCooling degree-hours (CDH) received the broadest application in evaluation of the ambient air cooling efficiency in power engineering (engine intake air cooling systems) and air conditioning. The current CDH numbers are defined as a drop in air temperature multiplied by associated time duration of performance and their summarized annual number is used to estimate the annual effect achieved due to sucked air cooling in power plants...
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Improving operating efficiency of a gas turboset via cooperation with an absorption refrigerating machine
PublikacjaThe analysis of increase of ambient air temperature entering the compressor on reduction in power output from the turbine and increase fuel use was conduced. For medium size gas turbine operates in winter and summer conditions elementary power and economical values was calculated. Conditions of the determination of turbine inlet air cooling solution (using thermal storage for reduce equipment size) are presented
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Reducing Air Pollutant Emissions from the Residential Sector by Switching to Alternative Energy Sources in Single-Family Homes
PublikacjaThe paper discusses a scenario for adapting residential buildings to the requirements of the EU climate and energy package. It analyzes the option of reducing pollutant emissions to ambient air by switching to alternative energy sources in a typical single-family residential building. The most common sources of energy in central heating and ventilation systems and water heating systems were compared, and the analyzed energy carriers...
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The influence of meteorological conditions and anthropogenic activities on the seasonal fluctuations of BTEX in the urban air of the Hanseatic city of Gdansk, Poland
PublikacjaThe results of studies conducted in Gdansk in the period from January to December 2013 and focused on the determination of BTEX in the atmospheric air are presented. At the stage of the isolation and/or enrichment of analytes from the gaseous medium, a passive sampling technique—Radiello® diffusive passive samplers, was applied. The time-weighted average annual concentration of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and total xylenes...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a directional control valve with (C=5.7, b=0.32) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a directional control valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> DCV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a directional control valve with (C=2.1, b=0.14) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a directional control valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> DCV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a pressure relief valve with (C=7.3, b=0.49) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a pressure relief valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> PRV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a directional control valve with (C=2.8, b=0.25) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a directional control valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> DCV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a directional control valve with (C=5.5, b=0.37) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a directional control valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> DCV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a pressure relief valve with (C=6.4, b=0.45) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a pressure relief valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> PRV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a pressure relief valve with (C=6.2, b=0.38) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a pressure relief valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> PRV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a directional control valve with (C=2.4, b=0.26) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a directional control valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> DCV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a pressure relief valve with (C=3.3, b=0.40) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a pressure relief valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> PRV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a directional control valve with (C=2.0, b=0.11) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a directional control valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> DCV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a pressure relief valve with (C=4.4, b=0.42) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a pressure relief valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> PRV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a serial connection of a pressure relief valve with (C=5.3, b=0.38) and a air blow gun from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of serial connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a pressure relief valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in-line. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> PRV -> ambient...
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Temperature influence on tire/road noise evaluated by the drum method
PublikacjaAmbient air and road surface temperatures substantially affect the road vehicle noise emission. The temperature influence on tire/road noise depends mainly on tire-road combination. It is different for dense and porous pavements, for bituminous and cement ones. It differs also depending on tires. The correction procedures for temperature effect are still under consideration and preparation. Laboratory experiment was prepared to...
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Enhanced Visible Light Active WO3 Thin Films Toward Air Purification: Effect of the Synthesis Conditions
PublikacjaTaking into consideration, our current environmental situation in the world people should face with growing problem of air and water pollution. Heterogeneous photocatalysis is highly promising tool to improve both, air and water quality through decomposition/mineralization of contaminations directly into harmless CO2 and H2O under ambient conditions. In this contribution we focused on the synthesis of self-assembly WO3 thin films...
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BTEX concentration levels in urban air in the area of the Tri-City agglomeration (Gdansk, Gdynia, Sopot), Poland
PublikacjaThe paper presents and discusses the results of atmospheric air quality research conducted in 2012 with reference to the level of BTEX compounds in the Tri-City agglomeration—Gdansk, Gdynia, and Sopot (northern Poland). At the stage of BTEX sampling from the ambient air, Radiello® diffusive passive samplers were applied. The annual time-weighted average concentrations for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) in the...
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Determination of flow properties of a parallel connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=6.40, b=0.45) and (C=6.00, b=0.25) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of parallel connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a pressure relief valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in parallel. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> PRV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a parallel connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=3.30, b=0.40) and (C=6.00, b=0.25) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of parallel connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a pressure relief valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in parallel. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> PRV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a parallel connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=7.30, b=0.49) and (C=6.00, b=0.25) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of parallel connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a pressure relief valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in parallel. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> PRV -> ambient...
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Determination of flow properties of a parallel connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=5.50, b=0.37) and (C=6.00, b=0.25) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of parallel connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a directional control valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in parallel. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> DCV ->...
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Determination of flow properties of a parallel connection of two pneumatic elements with (C=2.40, b=0.26) and (C=6.00, b=0.25) from changes in air pressure in a tank being emptied
Dane BadawczeThe aim of the study was to determine the flow properties of parallel connection of pneumatic components.The experiments were to measure the pressure changes in a being emptied tank for a directional control valve and a air blow gun (with nozzle removed) arranged in parallel. Three test configurations were used: (1) being emptied tank -> DCV ->...