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Proper gradient otopies
PublikacjaWe prove that the inclusion of the space of proper gradient local maps into the space of proper local maps induces a bijection between the sets of the respective otopy classes of these maps.
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On relations between gradient and classical equivariant homotopy groups of spheres
PublikacjaWe investigate relations between stable equivariant homotopy groups of spheres in classical and gradient categories. To this end, the auxiliary category of orthogonal equivariant maps, a natural enlargement of the category of gradient maps, is used. Our result allows for describing stable equivariant homotopy groups of spheres in the category of orthogonal maps in terms of classical stable equivariant groups of spheres with shifted...
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Ionization and ionic fragmentation of tetrahydrofuran molecules by electron collisions
PublikacjaElectron impact ionization and ionic fragmentation of tetrahydrofuran molecules in the gas phase were studied in the energy range from ionization threshold up to 150 eV using the technique of mass spectrometry. The cation mass spectra, ionization and ionic fragmentation efficiencies were measured over this energy range. Well-resolved mass peaks were detected in the mass range 10-72 amu and assigned to corresponding ionic molecular...
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State of the art report on fabric formwork
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono technologię wytwarzania i kształtowania elementów betonowych wylewanych w wiotkich formach. Omówiono szerokie zastosowanie takich elementów umożliwiające swobodne kształtowanie przestrzeni. Wskazano na możliwości wykorzystania omawianej technoloii betonowania w nietypowych warunkach, np. w pracach podwodnych. Zwrócono uwage a oszczędności w zastąpieniu drewnianych lub stalowych form, a także polepszenie własności...
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Mobilne urządzenia analityczne przeznaczone do przeprowadzania pomiarów in-situ
PublikacjaAnaliza jakości powietrza atmosferycznego wykonywana w danym miejscu (in-situ) z wykorzystaniem mobilnych urządzeń analitycznych staje się coraz częściej praktyką analityczną. W artykule zamieszczono informacje na temat urządzeń wchodzących w skład wyposażenia mobilnych laboratoriów wykorzystywanych do monitorowania i oceny jakości powietrza atmosferycznego. Ponadto zamieszczono przegląd przenośnych chromatografów gazowych oraz...
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Mobile Systems (Portable, Handheld, Transportable) for Monitoring Air Pollution
PublikacjaThe monitoring and analysis of atmospheric air pollutants is a rapidly developing branch of analytical chemistry. The in situ analysis of atmospheric air quality using mobile instrumentation is becoming routine. The article provides information on devices used in various kinds of mobile laboratories. It reviews the portable gas chromatographs and handheld devices used for detecting and determining specific harmful substances in...
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Testing and sampling devices for monitoring volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds in indoor air
PublikacjaAdults spend most of their time in enclosed spaces (e.g., apartment, office and public buildings). According to research conducted by scientists, air quality indoors is much worse than the ambient air quality outdoors. Hazardous chemicals found in air indoors can adversely affect the functioning of the human body and cause many respiratory and circulatory diseases. Harmful chemical compounds (mainly volatile organic compounds and...
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Nowe rozwiązania metodyczne i aparaturowe w zakresie analityki zanieczyszczeń środowiska
PublikacjaDążność do opracowania coraz to nowszych metod analitycznych umożliwiających wykrywanie i oznaczanie analitów występujących w próbkach środowiskowych na niskich poziomach zawartości stanowi nie lada wyzwanie dla współczesnych chemików - analityków. Ogromne znaczenie dla jakości uzyskiwanych wyników analitycznych i ich przydatności dla podejmowania decyzji w zakresie ochrony środowiska i gospodarki ma etap przygotowania próbek....
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BTEX concentration levels in urban air in the area of the Tri-City agglomeration (Gdansk, Gdynia, Sopot), Poland
PublikacjaThe paper presents and discusses the results of atmospheric air quality research conducted in 2012 with reference to the level of BTEX compounds in the Tri-City agglomeration—Gdansk, Gdynia, and Sopot (northern Poland). At the stage of BTEX sampling from the ambient air, Radiello® diffusive passive samplers were applied. The annual time-weighted average concentrations for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) in the...
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Zastosowanie techniki dozymetrii pasywnej do pomiaru wielkości strumienia emisji różnego typu składników z materiałów sezonowanych w miniaturowych komorach emisyjnych
PublikacjaWyniki badań prowadzonych w różnych ośrodkach wskazują jednoznacznie, że w wielu przypadkach jakość powietrza w pomieszczeniach zamkniętych jest znacznie gorsza od jakości powietrza atmosferycznego (zewnętrznego). Niebezpieczne związki chemiczne występujące w powietrzu wewnętrznym mogą negatywnie wpływać na funkcjonowanie ludzkiego organizmu i być przyczyną wielu chorób układu oddechowego i krwionośnego. Obecność szkodliwych związków...
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Miniaturized Passive Emission Chambers for In Situ Measurement of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds
PublikacjaThe results of many different studies have demonstrated unequivocally that the quality of indoor air is often much worse than that of atmospheric air. The presence of dangerous chemical compounds in indoor air can have an adverse impact on human health and cause numerous diseases of the respiratory and circulatory systems. Such harmful chemicals get into indoor air as a result of their emission from building and indoor materials....
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Application of passive sampling technique in monitoring research on quality of atmospheric air in the area of Tczew, Poland.
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of atmospheric air quality research in Tczew (adjacent to the Vistula River) on the content of BTEX compounds. Analytical procedure applied during the sampling of the analytes from the air used the passive sampling technique (diffusive passive sampler, Radiello®). For determination of BTEX compounds in atmospheric air, two-stage thermal desorption technique combined with gas chromatography (TD-GC-FID)...
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Small-scale passive emission chamber for screening studies on monoterpene emission flux from the surface of wood-based indoor elements
PublikacjaAnalysis of literature data published in the last fewyears leads to the conclusion that in the process of assessment of emission flux of organic compounds emitted from different types of equipment and finishing materials, new types of devices, among which small-scale passive emission chambers for the performance of in-situ research are designed and applied on a larger scale. These devices can be successfully used for the assessment...
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Emissions and toxic units of solvent, monomer and additive residues released to gaseous phase from latex balloons
PublikacjaThis study describes the VOCs emissions from commercially available latex balloons. Nine compounds are determined to be emitted from 13 types of balloons of different colors and imprints in 30 and 60°C. The average values of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) emitted from studied samples ranged from 0.054 up to 7.18 μg∙g-1 and from 0.27 up to 36.13 μg∙g-1 for 30oC and 60oC, respectively. The dataset is treated with principal...
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ASSESSMENT OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS EMISSIONS FROM RECYCLED LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE STREAMS
PublikacjaThe recycling of plastics is currently one of the most significant industrial challenges. Due to the enormous amounts of plastic wastes generated by various industry branches, it is essential to look for the potential methods of their utilization. Nevertheless, it should not be forgotten that recycled plastics are not pure materials, and they still may show an unfavorable environmental impact. They may contain different contaminants...
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Modification of cellulosic filler with diisocyanates – volatile organic compounds emission assessment and stability of chemical structure over time
PublikacjaThis paper investigated the impact of type and content of diisocyanate on the structure of modified cellulose fillers. Four the most popular isocyanates were applied – isophorone, hexamethylene, toluene and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate – at loadings of 1–15 wt%. Chemical structure, and its short-term storage stability, were investigated for eight weeks. Moreover, the main volatile organic compounds detected during modification,...
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Współczesne zmiany klimatyczne i ich wpływ na funkcjonowanie systemów miejskich (na przykładzie miast strefy nadmorskiej Polski)
PublikacjaThe purpose of this article is to present contemporary climatic changes in their actual scale, and to assess their impact on functioning of urban areas situated on the Polish coast. The results of the analysis of variability of hydro-climatic conditions that occurred in the last 65 years (1951-2015) in the area of the Polish coast suggest that important changes were concerning: (1) temperature of the air, and thickness and length...
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Topochemical, Single‐Crystal‐to‐Single‐Crystal [2+2] Photocycloadditions Driven by Chalcogen‐Bonding Interactions
PublikacjaThe face-to-face association of (E)-1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene (bpen) molecules into rectangular motifs stabilized for the first time by chalcogen bonding (ChB) interactions is shown to provide photoreactive systems leading to cyclobutane formation through single-crystal-to-single-crystal [2+2] photodimerizations. The chelating chalcogen bond donors are based on original aromatic, ortho-substituted bis(selenocyanato)benzene derivatives...
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Understanding the early-stage release of volatile organic compounds from rapeseed oil during deep-frying of tubers by targeted and omics-inspired approaches using PTR-MS and gas chromatography
PublikacjaDuring deep-frying, a plethora of volatile products is emitted with the fumes. These compounds could act as oil quality indicators and change the indoor air composition leading to health risks for occupants. The presented experiments focus on deep-frying of different tubers in rapeseed oil at different frying temperatures. Here, two scenarios for real-time monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using proton transfer reaction...
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Chemical Composition of Atmospheric Air in Nemoral Scots Pine Forests and Submountainous Beech Forests: The Potential Region for the Introduction of Forest Therapy
PublikacjaStudies show that forests are one of the main recreational destinations. This can be explained by their beneficial effects on the health of their visitors, which can be attributed to compounds from the terpene group. The aim of this research was to determine the chemical composition of air in the interiors of Nemoral Scots pine forests and submountainous beech forests, with the determination of compounds of the terpene group. Samples...
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Performance of microbial fuel cells operated under anoxic conditions
PublikacjaNowadays, microbial fuel cells (MFC) stand up as a promising renewable energy source. Due to the ability of the MFC to oxidize a wide spectrum of substrates, wastewater seems to be one of the most interesting fuels. Unfortunately, wastewater could contain electron acceptors such as nitrate, which could interfere with the electrical performance of the MFC. In this work, the influence of oxidised nitrogen forms on the electricity...
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Green Sample Collection
PublikacjaThe term of “green sample collection” is directly associated with both passive and dynamic analytical tools which allow for simultaneous management of the stage of collection and isolation and/or enrichment of a broad spectrum of chemical compounds from environmental samples. The use of passive sampling techniques at the stage of sample collection makes it possible to obtain in a simple yet inexpensive manner an analytical information...
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Indoor air quality in public utility environments-a review
PublikacjaIndoor air quality has been the object of interest for scientists and specialists from the fields of science such as chemistry, medicine and ventilation system design. This results from a considerable number of potential factors, which may influence the quality of the broadly understood indoor air in a negative way. Poor quality of indoor air in various types of public utility buildings may significantly affect an increase in the...
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The home-made in situ passive flux sampler for the measurement of monoterpene emission flux: preliminary studies
PublikacjaThe paper presents the construction and metrological characteristics of the home-made in situ passive flux sampler, an analytical tool representing small-scale emission chambers working in situ and passively sampling analytes from the gaseous phase. The sorption element was a cylindrical container made of stainless steel net, packed with a carbon sorbent bed-graphitized charcoal, Carbograph 4 (35/50mesh). The recommended working/exposure...
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Application of passive sampling techniques as a usable tool in the field of environmental quality monitoring
PublikacjaAnalysis of literature data published for the past 20 years leads to the conclusion, that passive sampling technique has been developing very quickly and is commonly used in the field of monitoring pollutants in air, water and soil environment. The popularity of application of passive sampling techniques in analytical and environmental chemistry results from its many advantages e.g.: Simplicity in use, low costs of exploitation,...
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The miniaturised emission chamber system and home-made passive flux sampler studies of monoaromatic hydrocarbons emissions from selected commercially-available floor coverings
PublikacjaThe estimation of the emission rate of organic compounds released from various types of indoor materials can be performed using stationary environmental test chambers (ETC) classified as ex-situ methods or small-scale portable analytical devices based on the use of passive technique at the stage of analytes sampling from the gaseous phase (in-situ methods). The paper presents results of emissions of selected organic compounds from...
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Narzędzia analityczne do oznaczania poziomów emisji związków organicznych emitowanych z elementów wyposażenia pomieszczeń zamkniętych
PublikacjaWedług danych literaturowych statystyczny dorosły człowiek spędza w pomieszczeniach zamkniętych (budynkach mieszkalnych, budynkach biurowych, budynkach użyteczności publicznej itd.) do 90% czasu swojego życia. Jakość powietrza w pomieszczeniach zamkniętych, charakteryzujących się małą cyrkulacją powietrza, może być znacznie gorsza od jakości powietrza zewnętrznego (atmosferycznego). Występowanie w powietrzu wewnętrznym...
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Effects of stents under asymmetric inflow conditions
PublikacjaW publikacji rozważano komputerowe modele stentów przy niesymetrycznych warunkach napływu i ich wpływ na naprężenia styczne na ściankach. Umożliwia to znajdowanie kształtów stentów, które są mniej wrażliwe na brak symetrii napływu. Zmiany kształtów arterii można wiązać ze zmianami charakterystyki przepływów takimi jak m.in. naprężenia styczne na ściankach, które zwiększają ryzyko restenozy. Posłużono się również pojęciem dyssypacji...
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Concentrations of monoaromatic hydrocarbons in the air of the underground car park and individual garages attached to residential buildings
PublikacjaThe paper describes the characteristics of a two-level underground car park and three individual garages attached to residential buildings, differing by the resident utilization habits, located in North Poland (Tri-City agglomeration area). The strategy of collecting the analyte samples from air in mentioned enclosed areas, concerning the determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene and p,m-xylenes (BTEX) concentrations...
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Small Polymeric Toys Placed in Child-Dedicated Chocolate Food Products—Do They Contain Harmful Chemicals? Examination of Quality by Example of Selected VOCs and SVOCs
PublikacjaThis study was focused on child-dedicated chocolate food products that contain a plastic package with a small toy inside (also known as chocolate eggs). Three types of these products that are commercially available on the Polish market, with different prices, chocolate composition, and main types of polymers used in the toy manufacturing process, were investigated. The polymers were identified using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR)...
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Application of multicriteria decision analysis to assess the greenness of molecularly imprinted polymers synthesis components
PublikacjaThe study applies multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to rank the components of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) synthesis according to their greenness. The components are taken from papers that are describing synthesis of MIPs for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) sorbents. Functional monomers (n = 14), target/surrogate molecules (n = 10), porogens (n = 8), cross-linking agents (n = 8) and initiators (n = 4) are described...
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Emission profile of butan-2-one oxime from commercially available neutral silicone sealant
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of research on emission profile of butan-2-one oxime (methyl ethyl ketoxime, MEKO) released from two types of commercially available neutral silicone sealants: silicone type ‘S’ and silicone type ‘T’. To determine the emissions from silicone samples, the system consists of a stationary emission chamber, and the thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system was applied. First, the research...
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Exploratory analysis and ranking of analytical procedures for short-chain chlorinated paraffins determination in environmental solid samples
PublikacjaShort-chain chlorinated paraffins are ones of the most recent chemical compounds that have been classified as persistent organic pollutants. They have various applications and are emitted to the environment. Despite the fact, that the content levels of these compounds in the environmental compartments should be monitored, there is still a lack of well-defined and validated analytical procedures, proposed or suggested by the national...
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Chalcogen bonding interactions in a series of aromatic selenocyanates
PublikacjaSelenium atoms in aromatic selenocyanates are characterized by the occurrence of two σ-holes, a stronger one in the prolongation of the NC–Se bond and a weaker one in the prolongation of the Ar–Se bond. The crystal structures of several bis(selenocyanato) derivatives, prepared by a method originally developed for ortho bis-substituted derivatives, illustrate very well this difference, with a short NC–Se⋯NC ChB interaction organizing...
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Assessing ecotoxicity, synergic and antagonistic actions of commonly used components of polymerization mixture in molecularly imprinted polymers preparation process
PublikacjaIncreasingly, the challenge is the optimal process of developing a suitable MIP-type sorptive material (taking into account its final form and application area), which is mainly related to the efficiency/effectiveness of the polymerization process. The lack of reaction or its low efficiency generates additional waste and puts it into the environmental cycle. The main aim of the performed research was the estimation of ecotoxicity,...
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Otopy Classification of Gradient Compact Perturbations of Identity in Hilbert Space
PublikacjaWe prove that the inclusion of the space of gradient local maps into the space of all local maps from Hilbert space to itself induces a bijection between the sets of the respective otopy classes of these maps, where by a local map we mean a compact perturbation of identity with a compact preimage of zero.
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Stereo Camera Upgraded to Equal Baseline Multiple Camera Set (EBMCS)
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of using a set of five cameras called Equal Baseline Multiple Camera Set (EBMCS) for making 3D images, disparity maps and depth maps. Cameras in the set are located in the vicinity of each other and therefore the set can be used for the purpose of stereoscopy similarly as a stereo camera.EBMCS provides disparity maps and depth maps which have a better quality than these maps obtained with the use...
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Connected components of the space of proper gradient vector fields
PublikacjaWe show that there exist two proper gradient vector fields on Rn which are homotopic in the category of proper maps but not homotopic in the category of proper gradient maps.
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High frequency oscillations are associated with cognitive processing in human recognition memory
PublikacjaHigh frequency oscillations are associated with normal brain function, but also increasingly recognized as potential biomarkers of the epileptogenic brain. Their role in human cognition has been predominantly studied in classical gamma frequencies (30-100 Hz), which reflect neuronal network coordination involved in attention, learning and memory. Invasive brain recordings in animals and humans demonstrate that physiological oscillations...
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Interrelationship between total volatile organic compounds emissions, structure and properties of natural rubber/polycaprolactone bio-blends cross-linked with peroxides
PublikacjaNatural rubber/polycaprolactone (NR/PCL) bio-based blends with different organic peroxides were prepared using an internal batch mixer and subsequently cross-linked at 170°C. Two types of commonly used organic peroxides, dicumyl peroxide and di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene peroxide, were applied as free-radical initiator. Cross-linking efficiency of NR/PCL blends were investigated using oscillating disc rheometer measurements,...
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Możliwości wykorzystania w praktyce analitycznej sorbentów polimerowych z odciskiem molekularnym do wyodrębniania i/lub wzbogacania analitów z grupy trwałych zanieczyszczeń organicznych z próbek środowiskowych
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono przegląd informacji, które się pojawiły w ciągu ostatniego okresu czasu dotyczących wykorzystania w codziennej praktyce analitycznej różnego typu rozwiązań metodycznych wykorzystujących na etapie izolacji i/lub wzbogacania analitów z grupy trwałych zanieczyszczeń organicznych (TZO) sorbentów polimerowych z odciskiem molekularnym (MIP). Tego typu sorbenty znalazły szerokie zastosowanie przede wszystkim jako alternatywne...
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Computational modeling of molecularly imprinted polymers as a green approach to the development of novel analytical sorbents
PublikacjaThe development of novel molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) sorbents for specific chemical compounds require a lot of tedious and time-consuming laboratory work. Significant quantities of solvents and reagents are consumed in the course of the verification of appropriate configurations of polymerization reagents. Implementation of molecular modeling in the MIP sorbent development process appears to provide a solution to this...
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MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF A FLOOD WAVE PROPAGATION ON THE KACZA RIVER IN GDYNIA IN NORTHERN POLAND
PublikacjaKacza river is located in northern Poland in the neighborhood of the Gulf of Gdansk and the Baltic Sea. A Kacza having length of 15 km and catchment area of 53 km2 collects the water into the Gulf mostly from inhabited and forested areas within the administrative boundaries of the city of Gdynia. On the 14th and 15th of July 2016 in northern Poland on the large area of Tri-City agglomeration (Gdynia, Gdansk and Sopot) total daily...
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Modeling by finite element methods of impact of erosion on frequency of normal modes of L-0 blade
PublikacjaAfter some time of exploitation steam turbine rotors blades in energetic industry they are being eroded and also their frequency of normal modes is changed. Those changes can cause to unwanted shift of blades normal mode frequencies. It is necessary to find quick method of rating changes of frequency in connection of mass loss due erosion. The evaluation of this dependence was made by finite element modeling method using HyperWorks...
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Packing Three-Vertex Paths in 2-Connected Cubic Graphs
PublikacjaW pracy rozważano problem rozmieszczanie ścieżek P3 w 2-spójnych grafach 3-regularnych. Pokazano, że w 2-spójnym grafie 3-regularnym o n wierzchołkach można zawsze pokryć 9/11 n wierzchołków przez ścieżki P3; podano także odpowiednie oszacowania górne.
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The complexity of list ranking of trees
PublikacjaUporządkowane kolorowanie grafu polega na takim etykietowaniu jego wierzchołków, aby każda ścieżka łącząca dwa wierzchołki o tym samym kolorze zawierała wierzchołek o kolorze wyższym. Jeśli każdy wierzchołek posiada dodatkowo listę dozwolonych dla niego etykiet, to mówimy wówczas o uporządkowanym listowym kolorowaniu wierzchołków. W pracy wskazano szereg klas grafów, dla których problem jest trudny: pełne drzewa binarne, drzewa...
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On trees with double domination number equal to total domination number plus one
PublikacjaA total dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of G has a neighbor in D. A vertex of a graph is said to dominate itself and all of its neighbors. A double dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of G is dominated by at least two vertices of D. The total (double, respectively) domination number of a graph G is the minimum cardinality of a total (double,...
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The hat problem on cycles on at least nine vertices
PublikacjaThe topic is the hat problem in which each of n players is randomly fitted with a blue or red hat. Then everybody can try to guess simultaneously his own hat color by looking at the hat colors of the other players. The team wins if at least one player guesses his hat color correctly, and no one guesses his hat color wrong; otherwise the team loses. The aim is to maximize the probability of winning. In this version every player...
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Poly-L-Lysine-functionalized fluorescent diamond particles: pH triggered fluorescence enhancement via surface charge modulation
PublikacjaRecently, the interest in applying fluorescent diamond particles (FDPs) containing nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers for enhancing the mechanical and chemical properties of some materials, biological imaging, and sensing has been expanding rapidly. The unique properties of NV centers such as intensive, time-stable fluorescence, and an electron spin, which exhibits long coherence time and may be manipulated using external stimuli, such...
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Microstructural evolution of 6061 aluminium alloy subjected to static and dynamic compression at low temperature
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