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Search results for: OVER-ACTUATED SYSTEM
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The bridge over Regalia River in Szczecin - design and construction.
PublicationNowoclowa Route is the largest projekt in Szczecin, that consists of 11 km of roads 3,3 km bridges and viaducts, including three parallel bridges across Regalica River (the east arm of Odra River), 535 m long, with the spans: 59+90+90+116+116+64m. The bridge structure consist of two steel plate girders composite with reinforced concrete deck slab. The design and the construction of the bridge are described in the paper.
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Treatment of landfill leachate in a constructed free water surface wetland system over a decade – Identification of disturbance in process behaviour and removal of eutrophying substances and organic material
PublicationAn 8 ha free water surface wetland system in Örebro, Sweden, which has sediment traps followed by 10 ponds for treatment of landfill leachate in the methanogenic stage, was studied from 2003 to 2012. The wetland was irregularly loaded and the leachate characteristics showed high temporal and spatial variability, so Multivariate Statistical Process Control was chosen as the diagnostic tool for detecting anomalies prior to assessing...
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Modeling hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable organic compounds in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
PublicationHydrolysis is an important process in biological wastewater treatment and has been known as the rate limiting step in organic carbon removal from municipal or industrial wastewater. The biodegradation of XS is initiated by hydrolysis which is an integral part of activated sludge models, such as the Activated Sludge Model no. 2d (ASM2d). The aim of this study was to evaluate different concepts of modeling the hydrolysis process...
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The role of slowly biodegradable substrate in a full-scale biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
PublicationThis paper contains futher results obtained at ''Wschod'' WWTP in Gdańsk under transient conditions (spring season) and comparation of similar experiments carried out at a recently upgraded ''Debogorze'' WWTP in Gdynia. The removal of colloidal and particulate fractions resulted in similar effects (reduced process rates) at both plants. For example, the initial denitrification rates (NUR1) were up to 30% lower during the ''conventional''...
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The role of biodegradable particulate and colloidal organic compounds in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
PublicationThe efficiency of denitrification and enhanced biological phosphorus removal in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems is strongly dependent on the availability of appropriate carbon sources. Due to high costs of commercial compounds (such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, etc.) and acclimation periods (usually) required, the effective use of internal substrates is preferred. The aim of this study was to determine...
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Modeling hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable organic compounds in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
PublicationHydrolysis is an important process in biological wastewater treatment and is known to be the ratelimiting step in organic carbon removal from municipal or industrial wastewater. The influence of the readily biodegradable chemical oxygen demand fraction in biological wastewater treatment systems has been extensively investigated, but little is known about the effects of slowly biodegradable substrate (XS) on denitrification and...
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The Relationship between Gene Activity and Nitrous Oxide Production during Nitrification in Activated Sludge Systems
PublicationNitrite is an important factor which inhibits the first stage of the nitrification, the effect is stronger with the decrease of the DO concentrations. NO2- presence at concentration above 15 mg N – NO2 in the aeration tanks stimulates N2O production regardless of the DO concentration. The significant nirS gene induction, observed especially during the experiments with the nitrite addition indicates that N2O production is basically...
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Underwater robot actuated by shape memory alloy wires
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono koncepcję projektu robota podwodnego z napędem wykorzystującym materiały SMA ze stopów z pamięcią kształtu. Rozpatrywany układ ma budowę modułową złożoną z segmentów na podobieństwo do anatomicznej budowy dżdżownicy. Pojedyńczy segment składa się z dwóch okrągłych tarcz, pomiędzy którymi umieszczono balon wypełniony wodą. Wielkość balonu jest dopasowana w taki sposób do rozmiarów tarcz oraz długości sprężyn...
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Trajectory tracing problem for a redundantly actuated walking robot
PublicationPraca prezentuje zagadnienia modelowania dynamiki robotów kroczących. Rozważany robot jest układem o zmiennej liczbie stopni swobody. Wynika to z obecności więzów jednostronnych występujące w układzie. Jak dla większości układów o zmiennej liczbie stopni swobody, w niektórych z konfiguracji roboczych liczba silników przekracza liczbę stopni swobody. (dla układów płaskich, po pojawieniu się kontaktu koła i odnóża, układ o sześciu...
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An interactive system for remote modeling and design validation of hybrid photovoltaic systems
PublicationAbstract: A multi-functional demonstrator of the interactive system is presented. The demostrator enables modeling, monitoring and design validation of hybrid photovoltaic systems assisted by fuel cells and thermoelectric generators, as well as experimentation and scientific research. A block diagram of the system is presented and the selection of its components is discussed. Availability of the system via Ethernet or GSM...
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Implementation of integrated control In drinking water distribution systems - IT system proposal
PublicationImplementation of integrated control algorithms requires suitable hardware and software platforms. Proposed solution must allow realizing control and monitoring tasks, while ensuring high reliability and security of processed data. Additionally, the software and hardware solutions must be immune to outside influence. This paper presents an approach to implementation of control systems in drinking water distribution system. Presented...
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An interactive system for remote modeling and design validation of hybrid photovoltaic systems
PublicationIn the paper a multi-functional demonstrator of the interactive system designed to modeling, monitoring and validation of hybrid photovoltaic systems assisted by fuel cells and thermoelectric generators is presented. The purpose of this paper is to report the system solution expressed in the form of a block diagram. Technical parameters of demonstrator components such as: silicon photovoltaic modules, fuel cells, thermoelectric...
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WAVE AND CURRENT MODELLING OVER THE BALTIC SEA AND THE GDAŃSK BAY
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THE DARK SIDE OF ARCHITECTURE. THE POWER OVER SPACE AND THE CONTROL OF SOCIETY
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The studies on the limonene oxidation over the microporous TS-1 catalyst
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Arch footbridge over Warta river in Wronki - design and construction
PublicationThe paper presents the concept of dynamic redesign of lively footbridge. The goal was to reduce probable dynamic excitation and change detailed structural concept. After the complex study the new design was created. In effect completely new static and dynamic properties were reached. Static and dynamic assumptions are explainde. General information, photos and drawings are presented. The final price of the project amounted to 1.25...
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Over-Voltage Studies in Inverter Fed Induction Motor Drives
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono metodę identyfikacji pojemności pasożytniczych uzwojeń silników asynchronicznych uwzględniającą ich rozłożony charakter. Przedstawiony szerokopasmowy model obwodowy uzwojeń silnika asynchronicznego pozwala na modelowanie zjawisk przepięciowych w silnikach asynchronicznych, w szczególności zasilanych poprzez przekształtniki energoelektroniczne. Zaproponowana metoda analizy umożliwia również określanie składowych...
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Methane formation over TiO2–based photocatalysts: reaction pathways
PublicationThe effects of organic impurities adsorbed or incorporated into semiconductors structure on the photocatalytic products are noteworthy. For this purpose, the as-prepared Ag, Au and Pdmodified TiO2 samples were exposed to UV-vis irradiation in various gas atmospheres (CO2, N2, 600 ppm CO2 in N2, and 13CO2) in order to clarify the route of CH4 formation in the process of photocatalytic CO2 reduction. In the presented research it...
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Water and chemical properties of hydrometeors over central european mountains
PublicationAtmospheric pollutants are transferred to the groundby the contribution of various types of hydrometeors. Because ofthe different techniques of measurement, comparative analysesbetween them are often neglected. Hence, the main goal is tocompare water volume and chemistry of different types ofhydrometeors and their role in both: water balance and pollutantsdeposition. The results of water input and atmospheric depositschemistry...
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A simple model for automated negotiations over collaboration agreements in ebXML
PublicationPoważnym ograniczeniem w upowszechnianiu standardu ebXML(elektronicznego obiegu dokumentów)jest możliwość występowania konfliktu pomiędzy partnerami transakcji. W artykule zaproponowano prosty mechanizm umożliwiający rozstrzyganie takich konfliktów w drodze automatycznie realizowanych negocjacji, którego wdrożenie pozwoli znacznie rozszerzyć zakres stosowania standardu ebXML.
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Voltage Transients Transfer over Medium Voltage Instrument Transformers
PublicationThis paper presents voltage harmonic transfer accuracy problems through voltage transformers which are used in power quality monitoring systems in medium and high voltage grids. A simplified lumped parameters circuit model of the voltage transformer is proposed and verified by simulation and experimental investigations. A number voltage transformers typically used in medium voltage grid has been tested in the conducted disturbances...
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Load Tests of the Movable Footbridge Over the Port Canal in Ustka
PublicationThe paper presents the acceptance tests carried out on the open footbridge over the port canal in the Port of Ustka. The steel footbridge construction is created by a single pylon to which a movable truss span is suspended with a theoretical span of 52.3 m. The studies about load test of the object included static and dynamic extortion and measurements. In static tests the ballast was of pallets with concrete blocks. Dynamic studies...
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On the maximum principle of Bernstein-Schnabl operators over a Bauer simplex
PublicationW pracy bada się geometryczne własności sympleksy Bauera i dowodzi się zasady maksimum dla operatorów Bernsteina-Schnabla.
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The roadway bridge over Vistula River in Plock - design and construction.
PublicationThe paper presents the design and construction works of the Roadway Bridge over Vistula River in Plock (Poland), designed by first two paper authors as being the winners of international competition for design oraganized by Polish association of the bridge engineers. Total length of the bridge is 1,200 m; 615 m is the length of main bridge part over the Vistula riverbed, and 585 m is the length of access bridge part over river...
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A tool for integrating Web Site services over User Interface
PublicationCompanies and organizations are building information systems by integrating previously independent applications, together with new developments. This integration process has to deal with existing applications, which can only be used through their specific interfaces, and often cannot be modified. Integration of web applications running remotely and controlled by separate organizations becomes even more complicated, as their user...
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Study of Cloud Water Samples Collected over Northern Poland
PublicationThe paper gives the results of the first studies on the chemistry of cloud water collected during 3 mo (Aug.–Oct. 2010) in the free atmosphere over the area to the south of the Tri-City (Gdansk-Sopot-Gdynia) conurbation on the Gulf of Gdansk, Poland. Taken from cumulus, stratus, and stratocumulus clouds by means of an aircraft-mounted collector, the water samples were analyzed for the following contaminants: anions (chlorides,...
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NOx Photooxidation over Different Noble Metals Modified TiO2
PublicationWe compared the activity enhancement effect of noble metal deposited on TiO2 in photocatalytic nitrogen oxides oxidation. Titanium dioxide was decorated with Ag, Au, Pt or Pd in the sol-gel process. Synthesized catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller measurement (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX)....
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Application of Extreme Doses of Aluminium for Growth Control of Filmentous Bacteria Microthrix Parvicella in an Activated Sludge System - Laboratory Investigations
PublicationLaboratory investigations of aluminium (PAX-16) application for control of population of filamentous bacteria Microthrix Parvicella in a three-phase bioreactor in lab-scale were performed. Dosing of small aluminium doses (approximately 0.5 mgAl/gMLSS·d) in the period preceding seasonal growth of M.Parvicella failed to prevent mass growth of this microorganism leading to activated sludge bulking phenomenon (SVI-250 ml/gMLSS)...
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Denitrification Process Enhancement and Diversity of the Denitrifying Community in the Full Scale Activated Sludge System after Adaptation to Fusel Oil
PublicationImplementation of anaerobic digestion of primary sludge in modern wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) limits the availability of organic carbon for denitrification in conventional nitrification-denitrification (N/DN) systems. In order to ensure efficient denitrification, dosage of the external carbon source is commonly undertaken. However, application of commercial products, such us ethanol or acetate, greatly increases operational...
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Ionic conductivity behavior by activated hopping conductivity (AHC) of barium aluminoborosilicate glass–ceramic system designed for SOFC sealing
PublicationNon-conducting BaO-B2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 parent glasses designed for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) sealing applications were prepared using the melt-quenching technique. The glass formation region was determined according to phase equilibrium relations and was found to be in the composition range 70BaO-(x)Al2O3-(10−x)B2O3-20SiO2 where 3.0 < x < 6.0 wt%. The conductivity values obtained conductivity ranged from 10−5 to 10−10 S/cm at temperatures...
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The coexistence and competition of canonical and comammox nitrite oxidizing bacteria in a nitrifying activated sludge system – Experimental observations and simulation studies
PublicationThe second step of nitrification can be mediated by nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB), i.e. Nitrospira and Nitrobacter, with different characteristics in terms of the r/K theory. In this study, an activated sludge model was developed to account for competition between two groups of canonical NOB and comammox bacteria. Heterotrophic denitrification on soluble microbial products was also incorporated into the model. Four 5-week washout...
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The Matter of Decision-Making Control Over Operation Processes of Marine Power Plant Systems with the Use of their Models in the form of Semi-Markov Decision-Making Processes
PublicationThe article presents the possibility to control the real operation process of an arbitrary device installed in the marine power plant based on the four-state semi-Markov process, being the model of the process, which describes the transition process of operational states of the device and the transition process of its technical states. All these states are precisely defined for the ship main engine (SG). A hypothesis is proposed...
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Estimation and modeling hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable substrate based on the batch respirometric tests in activated sludge systems
PublicationNowadays, appropriate determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractionation together with degradation kinetics of organic compounds have a prime importance on the design and operation of activated sludge systems. Batch respirometric tests based on the oxygen uptake rates (OUR) and corresponding COD is accepted method to reflect the consumption of biodegradable substrates. The influence of the readily biodegradable (Ss) fraction...
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The role of slowly biodegradable organic compounds in a full-scale biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
PublicationThe aim of this study was to determine the immediate effects of slowly biodegradable substrates on the denitrification capability and phosphate release/uptake interactions for a full-scale biomass process from two large wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in the cities of Gdansk and Gdynia (northern Poland). Since it is hard to distinguish the slowly biodegradable substrate in a direct way, a novel procedure based on batch...
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Evaluation and behaviour of slowly biodegradable substrate on mathematical modelling of oxygen uptake rate in activated sludge systems
PublicationThe effect of the readily biodegradable (Ss) fraction in activated sludge systems has been extensively investigated, but only minor information can be found about the effect of Xs on OUR in activated sludge systems. The aim of this study was to determine the evaluation and behaviour of Xs on mathematical modelling of OUR using ASM2d and its modification. The essential study was divided into two major parts: experimental investigation...
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<title>Software layer for SIMCON ver. 2.1. FPGA based LLRF control system for TESLA FEL part I: system overview, software layers definition</title>
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Mercury in particulate matter over Polish zone of the southern Baltic Sea
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CHANGES TAKING PLACE IN THE KINETIC ARCHITECTURE OVER THE 20TH AND 21ST CENTURIES
PublicationKinematics has accompanied architecture from its beginning and is strongly associated with its evolution. Over the centuries, it has changed form and function. However, its rank grew at the beginning of the 20th century. Along with the widespread change of the design method in the early 90s of the twentieth century, its forms have become more complex. The study showed that with the development of design techniques, this time should be...
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The Knowledge Cartography – A New Approach to Reasoning over Description Logics Ontologies
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The knowledge cartography - a new approach to reasoning over description logics ontologies
PublicationArtykuł prezentuje nową metodę reprezentacji i przetwarzania wiedzy ontologicznej - Kartografię wiedzy. Ta metodapozwala na wnisokowanie z części terminologicznej i asercjonalnej ontologii. Artykuł opisuje metodę oraz jej podstawy teoretyczne. Kartografia wiedzy prechowuje i przetwarza w terminach sygnatur binarnych, które umożliwiają efektywne przetwarzanie ontologii zawierających dużą liczbę osobników. Kartografia wiedzy została...
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Intrapartum Analgesia—Have Women’s Preferences Changed over the Last Decade?
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An Approach to Imbalanced Data Classification Based on Instance Selection and Over-Sampling
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Learning from Imbalanced Data Using Over-Sampling and the Firefly Algorithm
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ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY OF PAIN CONTROL BY NON-OPIOID OVER-THE COUNTER MEDICATIONS
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Superconducting properties of under- and over-doped BaxK1−xBiO3 perovskite oxide
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The oxidation of limonene at raised pressure and over the various titanium-silicate catalysts
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Tropospheric thermal field variability over Poland in the context of climate change
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Threshold photoelectron spectra of tetrahydrofuran over the energy range 9-29eV
PublicationWykonano pomiary fotoelektronowe widm progowych tetrahydrofuranu C4H8O w zakresie energii fotonów 9-29 eV przy użyciu promieniowania synchrotronowego. Zaobserwowano nowe pasma jonizacyjne w zakresie energii 16-26eV
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On the modelling of aerodynamic force coefficients for over-shroud seals of turbine stages
PublicationThis paper presents experimental investigations which made it possible to determine dynamic coefficients of labyrinth over-shroud seal of a model air turbine. The coefficients associate pressure forces with turbine rotor displacement, velocity and acceleration respective to turbine casing (linear model) and play important role in analyzing turbine-set dynamics. The obtained results indicated that involving serious errors can be...
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?? of the Sky? - automated search for fast optical transients over the whole sky
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