Filtry
wszystkich: 40
Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: GASIFICATION
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Conversion of Biomass and Municipal Wastes into Syngas and Hydrogen using Highly Preheated Agent (HTAG)
PublikacjaGasification is considered to be one of the most promising energy recovery technologies for the widespread utilization of biomass and wastes. During this process raw feedstock is converted into a combustible gas, which can then be burnt to produce thermal energy, or to run engines for mechanical or electrical power. The studies of biomass gasification demonstrate it as a friendly alternative to fossil fuels as one of renewable...
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High Temperature Air/Steam Conversion of Biomass and Wastes Into Fuel Gas for Heat and Electricity Production
PublikacjaPaper present principle of high temperature air/staem gasification as well as some results of research using this technology for conversion of biomass and wastes into fuel gas.
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Thermal Biomass Conversion: A Review
PublikacjaIn this paper, the most important methods of thermal conversion of biomass, such as: hydrothermal carbonization (180–250 °C), torrefaction (200–300 °C), slow pyrolysis (carbonization) (300–450 °C), fast pyrolysis (500–800 °C), gasification (800–1000 °C), supercritical steam gasification, high temperature steam gasification (>1000 °C) and combustion, were gathered, compared and ranked according to increasing temperature. A comprehensive...
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Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass and Municipal Waste into Useful Energy Using Advanced HiTAG/HiTSG Technology
PublikacjaAn advanced thermal conversion system involving high-temperature gasification of biomass and municipal waste into biofuel, syngas or hydrogen-rich gas is presented in this paper. The decomposition of solid biomass and wastes by gasification is carried out experimentally with a modern and innovative regenerator and updraft continuous gasifier, among others. A ceramic high-cycle regenerator provides extra energy for the thermal conversion...
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Recycling of Polyurethanes
PublikacjaPolyurethane waste can be recycled by mechanical methods (i.e., grinding and applying as a filler or pressing with a bonding agent) and chemical methods (mainly by e.g., glycolysis, hydrolysis, or aminolysis). There is also possibility to the recover energy from polyurethanes waste (by incineration, gasification, and pyrolysis).
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Environmental impacts of food waste management technologies: A critical review of life cycle assessment (LCA) studies
PublikacjaFood waste is a serious global problem. Therefore, it is essential to reduce food waste and adopt recycling strategies to minimize its environmental impacts. However, conventional waste disposal methods emit harmful gases such as dioxin, CH4, N2O, and NH3, which contaminate the air and water resources. This work reviews the environmental consequences of food waste based on lifecycle assessment (LCA) techniques using methods such...
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Mechanical, durability, depolluting and electrical properties of multifunctional mortars prepared with commercial or waste carbon-based fillers
PublikacjaCarbon-based fillers from industrial wastes and commercial ones were compared to improve the properties of lime-based mixes. As commercial fillers, graphene nanoplatelets and activated carbon were used, whereas as industrial wastes a char obtained by the gasification of biomasses and a used foundry sand were chosen. Carbon-based wastes were found to be a good cost-effective alternative to commercial carbon based fillers to increase...
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Modification of microporous polyurethane elastomers with different types of ash—morphological, mechanical, and thermal studies
PublikacjaIncorporation of wood ash particles from wood gasification into microporous polyurethane elastomers has been investigated and compared to addition of commercially available microspheres resulting from coal burning. Samples were modified with 3 and 6 wt% of fillers. Structure, mechanical, and thermal properties of obtained elastomers were investigated. Incorporation of both types of ash particles decreased the density of polyurethanes...
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Foamed Polyurethane Composites With Different Types of Ash – Morphological, Mechanical and Thermal Behavior Assessments
Publikacjancorporation of two types of ash particles into flexible polyurethane foams has been investigated, wood ash from gasification process and fly ash resulting from coal burning in power plant. Samples were modified with 5, 10 and 15 wt% of fillers. Structure, mechanical and thermal properties of obtained foams were investigated. Incorporation of both types of ash particles resulted in materials showing...
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Influence of Different Biofuels on the Efficiency of Gas Turbine Cycles for Prosumer and Distributed Energy Power Plants
PublikacjaThe efficiency of a gas turbine can be affected by the use of different biofuels usually with a relatively Lower Heating Value (LHV). The paper evaluates the impact of calorific value of fuel on turbine performance and analyzes the possibilities of optimizing turbine construction from the point of view of maximum efficiency for a particular fuel. The several variants of design of small power microturbines dedicated to various biofuels...
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Application of atmospheric pressure microwave plasma source for hydrogen production from ethanol
PublikacjaIn contrast to conventional technologies of hydrogen production like water electrolysis or coal gasification we propose a method based on the atmospheric pressure microwave plasma. In this paper we present results of the experimental investigations of the hydrogen production from ethanol in the atmospheric pressure plasma generated in waveguidesupplied cylindrical type nozzleless microwave (915 MHz and 2.45 GHz) plasma source (MPS)....
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Nowoczesne metody termochemicznej konwersji biomasy w paliwa gazowe, ciekłe i stałe = Modern methods of thermochemical biomass conversion into gas, liquid and solid fuels
PublikacjaBiomass utilization through direct- or co-combustion with coal, based on coal, hydrogen and oxygen compounds chemical energy conversion into heat in boilers, is simultaneously the cheapest and - according to experts - economically least effective solution. In case of heat and electricity production in cogeneration process in biomass fueled heat and power stations (wood, straw, energetic plants, RDF etc), investment costs are little...
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Gas Turbine Cycle with External Combustion Chamber for Prosumer and Distributed Energy Systems
PublikacjaThe use of various biofuels, usually of relatively small Lower Heating Value (LHV), affects the gas turbine efficiency. The present paper shows that applying the proposed air by-pass system of the combustor at the turbine exit causes tan increase of efficiency of the turbine cycle increased by a few points. This solution appears very promising also in combined gas/steam turbine power plants. The comparison of a turbine set operating...
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Mesophilic and thermophilic dark fermentation course analysis using sensor matrices and chromatographic techniques
PublikacjaProduction of biofuels from biomass is expected to benefit the society and the environment. At present, bio waste residues processing includes hydrolysis, dark fermentation, photofermentation, pyrolysis, gasification, and chemical synthesis. As the composition and the chemical structure of organic substances affect the efficiency of mentioned processes, it is believed that the glucose concentration is a crucial parameter for the...
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Hydrogen production from ethanol In nitrogen microwave plasma At atmospheric pressure
PublikacjaHydrogen seems to be one of the most promising alternative energy sources. It is a renewable fuel as it could be produced from e.g. waste or bio-ethanol. Furthermore hydrogen is compatible with fuel cells and is environmentally clean. In contrast to conventional methods of hydrogen production such as water electrolysis or coal gasification we propose a method based on atmospheric pressure microwave plasma. In this paper we present...
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Key issues in modeling and optimization of lignocellulosic biomass fermentative conversion to gaseous biofuels
PublikacjaThe industrial-scale production of lignocellulosic-based biofuels from biomass is expected to benefit society and the environment. The main pathways of residues processing include advanced hydrolysis and fermentation, pyrolysis, gasification, chemical synthesis and biological processes. The products of such treatment are second generation biofuels. The degree of fermentation of organic substances depends primarily on their composition...
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Biowodór, „paliwo przyszłości”, dotychczasowe metody otrzymywania , porównanie metod otrzymywania
PublikacjaWodór jest ważnym pierwiastkiem w przemyśle chemicznym. Biowodór wydaje się być użytecznym odnawialnym nośnikiem energii, który mógłby zastąpić paliwa kopalne. Największym problemem wodoru jest jego rzadkie występowanie w czystej formie molekularnej H 2 . Dlatego otrzymanie biowodoru w objętościach opłacalnych ja ko surowiec czy biopaliwo wiedzie przez bioodpady „przesycone” wodorem. Każdy związek...
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Thermal utilization of meat and bone meals. Performance analysis in terms of drying process, pyrolysis and kinetics of volatiles combustion
PublikacjaA development of technology of thermal utilization requires a thorough knowledge of the physicochemical properties, as well as kinetics of combustion of volatiles and char. Due to waste management regulations the meat and bone meal (MBM) is regarded as biofuel constituting one of the alternatives to fossil fuels in the energy market. MBM is a heterogeneous material that may consist of several different fractions. The extensive...
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Bioreactors and biophoton-driven biohydrogen production strategies
PublikacjaGiven the current issues with global warming and rising greenhouse gas emissions, biohydrogen is a viable alternative fuel option. Technologies to produce biohydrogen include photo fermentation, dark fermentation, direct and indirect bio-photolysis, and two-stage fermentation. Biological hydrogen generation is a green and promising technique with mild reaction conditions and low energy consumption compared to thermochemical and...
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A novel concept of negative CO2 emission power plant for utilization of sewage sludge
PublikacjaCarbon Capture and Storage (CSS) technology is considered an important “bridge technology”, allowing effective abatement of CO2 emissions for power units using fossil fuels. However, if biomass is used in a power plant, equipped with CCS system, negative CO2 emissions can be achieved. In practice, wide development of such technologies would enable not only reduction of CO2 emissions, but also reversal of the harm done so far. In...