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Search results for: SAFETY OF VULNERABLE ROAD USERS
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Effects of Road Infrastructure on Pedestrian Safety
PublicationThe objective of the work was to identify risks for pedestrians that involve road infrastructure and roadside and to define how selected elements of geometry and traffic layout affect driver behaviour (speed on approaching pedestrian crossings). The results have helped to formulate recommendations on pedestrian crossing design. The research included an analysis of 2013-2017 statistics to identify the...
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Pedestrian Safety in Road Traffic in Poland
PublicationEvery third road accident in Poland involves a pedestrian as a participant or, most of the time, a casualty. Pedestrian accidents are usually the result of complex situations and the outcome of a number of factors related to driver and pedestrian behaviour and road infrastructure. Safety depends largely on how well the traffic condition is perceived and on visibility in traffic. The paper presents the results of analyses of methodologies...
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Methods of Cyclist Training in Europe
PublicationThe following study aims to address the issue of cyclist training methodologies. Recent European bicycle accident statistics reveal a troubling upward trend. A potential solution to mitigate such incidents involves providing cyclists with comprehensive training encompassing traffic regulations and interactions with fellow road users. We conducted a comparative analysis of the cycling education approaches and cyclist training systems...
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Identifying the Effects of Selected Road and Roadside Parameters on Road Safety Using Geodetic Techniques
PublicationThe paper will present techniques that can be used to obtain data on road alignment and profile including the roadside. In-the-field and simulation studies have helped to develop mathematical models that integrate vehicle position data. The experiments were conducted in a virtual environment using the software ArcGIS that reflects the actual roadside conditions. The site tests were made using a purpose-built device which integrates...
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Road safety information system in Poland - supporting tools and their development
PublicationAs a signatory to the UN Declaration on road safety and member of the EU, Poland has an obligation to comply with relevant EU policies and in particular to halve the overall number of road deaths by 2020. To monitor the progress in reaching the targets, the road safety situation must be evaluated and its processes understood. For this purpose regional and national road safety observatories were launched in Poland, which triggered...
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Modeling of traffic safety indictors on Polish national road network
PublicationAlthough decreased from 2001 to 2013, Poland’s road deaths improved at a slower rate than the rest of the EU, leaving Poland as one of the worst road safety performing countries in the EU. The national road network in Poland, despite the dynamic transformation and development, still does not conform to the EU safety standards. Similar situation exists in other EU countries, particularly those in Central and Eastern Europe. Safety...
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MODEL OF MULTILEVEL STOCHASTIC ANALYSIS OF ROAD SAFETY ON REGIONAL LEVEL
PublicationIn this paper multilevel approach to the issue of road safety level on the road network of European regions, classified as NUTS 2 in statistical databases of the European Union, has been presented. Following the pattern of many publications on road safety it has been assumed that the risk calculated as the number of death casualties in road accidents per 100,000 inhabitants of a given region has Poisson distribution. Therefore,...
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Modelling selected road safety measures at the regional level in Europe
PublicationRegions are Europe’s basic levels of management. The literature was reviewed to identify regional safety analyses and some of the factors that are important for road safety in the regions. Next, data were collected atthe regional NUTS 2 level in Europe for the years 1999-2008. An analysis of the data helped identify f actors which have the strongest bearing on fatalities and other safety measures. This paper presents the initial...
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Foreign visitors from Visegrad countries with regard to road safety in Poland
PublicationIn the paper the authors present road safety situation in the Polish regions mostly visited by Czech, Slovakian and Hungarian tourists. These regions include Mazowieckie, Dolnoslaskie, Slaskie and Malopolskie voivodeships. After description of the regions and main touristic destinations for foreigners from Visegrad countries, a detailed road safety analysis performed for the period 2007-2012 is given. The paper ends with conclusions in...
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Pedestrian safety in road traffic – studies, recommendations and proposed improvements
PublicationPedestrians are involved and most frequently the victims of every third road accident in Poland. Pedestrian accidents most frequently occur in complex circumstances, as a result of many factors related to the behaviour of drivers and pedestrians. The basic parameters that determine road safety include the perception of traffic and visibility on the road. The paper will present the results of research conducted within the project...
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Development of tools for road infrastructure safety management for the provinces (voivodeships) in Poland
PublicationThe development of modern tools for road infrastructure safety management will help to reduce the number of fatalities and serious injuries as one of the main objectives adopted in 2013 in the National Road Safety Programme 2014-2020 and the new Road Safety Programme 2011-2020 in the EU. Risk Management in Highway Engineering can be applied in developing tools essential in the process of safety management. Risk Management in Highway...
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Application of the LifeRoSE method in funcionality evaluation of road safety equipment
PublicationThe article presents a mathematical model of the life cycle estimation method of road safety equipment. Then the model was adjusted to estimate the life cycle costs of the chosen horizontal road marking. Using the LCC method, the functionality of the horizontal marking was evaluated in terms of efficiency, durability and economic effectiveness. The article also presents the impact of selected factors on the life cycle costs of...
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Spatial differentiation of road safety in Europe based on NUTS-2 regions
PublicationRoad safety varies significantly across the regions in Europe. To understand the factors behind this differentiation and the effects they have, data covering 263 NUTS-2 (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) regions across Europe (European Union and Norway) have been analysed. The assessment was made using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). As a dependent variable the Road Fatality Rate (RFR – number of fatalities...
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Fuzzy regresion approach to road safety analysis at regional level
PublicationRoad safety modelling on regional level of NUTS 2 in the EU is the complex issue and authors of this article indicate this in previous publications. NUTS 2 are basic regions for the application of regional policies (0.8-3 m inhabitants). During multivariate models development they discovered that it is difficult to make regression model well described all regions, even if they are from one country. In the first step Poisson model...
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Automatic road traffic safety management system in urban areas
PublicationTraffic incidents and accidents contribute to decreasing levels of transport system reliability and safety. Traffic management and emergency systems on the road, using, among others, automatic detection, video surveillance, communication technologies and institutional solutions improve the organization of the work of various departments involved in traffic and safety management. Automation of incident management helps to reduce...
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Safety Assessment of the Regional Warmia and Mazury Road Network Using Time-Series Analysis
PublicationWarmia and Mazury still belongs to the areas with the smallest transport accessibility in Europe. Unsatisfactory state of road infrastructure is a major barrier to the development of the regional economy, impacting negatively on the life conditions of the population. Also in terms of road safety Warmia and Mazury is one of the most endangered regions in Poland. The Police statistics show that beside a high pedestrian risk observed...
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Road safety analysis in Poland using time-series modelling techniques
PublicationA number of international studies argue that there is a correlation between the number of traffic fatalities and the degree of public activity. The studies use the unemployment rate to support that argument. As unemployment grows miles travelled fall, a factor known to affect road safety. This relationship seems to be true for Poland, as well. The model presented in the paper is intended to prove it. It is a structural time-series local...
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Road safety performance indicators and their explanatory value: A critical view based on the experience of Central European countries
PublicationCounts of road crashes and their victims represent essential information for road safety practitioners allowing them to analyse their spatial and temporal aspects. However, they cannot provide details on the factors causing road crashes. As a result, various road safety performance indicators (RSPIs) were introduced, making it possible to gather information on the effectiveness of interventions on road safety in given areas. However,...
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Numerical analysis of lumbar spine injury during road safety barrier collision
PublicationPurpose: Enhancing road safety is a critical goal worldwide, necessitating the development of clear standards for road safety systems. This study focuses on lumbar spine (L-spine) compression injuries during collisions with concrete road safety barriers (RSBs). It aims to analyze internal forces during impact to understand L-spine injury biomechanics in such accidents. Methods: The research included a literature review, analyzing...
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IDENTIFICATION AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING ROAD SAFETY IN US REGIONS AND IN POLISH VOIVODESHIPS
PublicationAnalyses of road safety at national level have been run for many years and large number of publications concerning them appeared so far. How interdisciplinary the issue is, has been shown by literature studies done by the author of the paper. It appears that economists, mathematicians, doctors as well as engineers have studied the issue. It is not an easy one, as results of many analyses lead to conflicting conclusions and...
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Novel proposal for V2X systems and WBAN cooperation to improve road safety
PublicationIn this paper, a novel proposal of the automotive Vehicle-to-Everything system solution is presented. In this proposal, there are included the Machine to Machine type communication system and the sensor system based on a short-range the Wireless Body Area Network communication. The aim of this paper is the analysis of the model for communication, especially its architecture and signals structure for the proposed solution. The use...
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The effect of trees in the road crown on road safety
PublicationW referacie przedstawiono problem występowania wypadków związanych z najechaniem na drzewo. Problem ten występuje w Polsce głównie w województwach północnych i zachodnich, co jest związane ze specyficznymi cechami sieci drogowej tego obszaru. Referat przedstawia negatywny wpływ drzew rosnących w koronie drogi na bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego oraz określa metody zapobiegania wypadkom związanym z najechaniem na drzewo. Ze względu...
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Abstract class method use on common characteristics of UE regions for better road safety management in these regions.
PublicationRoad Safety is the significant problem requiring still a lot of attention. Despite lots of actions for road fatalities reduction, in many countries or regions situation doesn't improve as good as in the other cases. Even if these actions are very similar. It is so difficult issue, that the answer why is that happens hasn't been found yet. In this paper authors focused on the road network of European regions, classified as NUTS...
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Investigating trip and parking characteristics of hospitals: A case study from Tri-City, Poland
PublicationThis research aims to investigate public hospitals’ trip and parking characteristics based on the study conducted in Poland in September 2021 on the example of the Tri-City agglomeration. The main objective of the research was to build models of the relationship between the number of trips during peak transport hours and the number of beds. The second research element was the analysis of transport behavior in these areas. The research...
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Methodology of research on the impact of ramp metering on the safety and efficiency of road traffic using transport models
PublicationThe methods currently used to assess the impact of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) services on traffic safety and efficiency are mainly based on expert assessments, statistical studies or traffic models that need further development. There is no structured, uniform evaluation method to compare the impact of different ITS services and their different configurations. The impact of ITS deployment on the road network adjacent to...
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Analysis of catalitic reactors usefulness to reduce pollution generated by piston combustion engines with regard to ship main engines
PublicationThe article presents results which indicate that the use of catalytic reactors to reduce emissions of harmful compunds contained in the exhaust gas is important in the operation of vehicle motors operation. Efforts of the shipbuilding industry to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gas emitted by the main engines have been indicated and pointed to the desirability of the use of these catalysts in maritime transport. It has been pointed...
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Assessment of the Speed Management Impact on Road Traffic Safety on the Sections of Motorways and Expressways Using Simulation Methods
PublicationMethods used to evaluate the impact of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) services on road safety are usually based on expert assessments or statistical studies. However, commonly used methods are challenging to apply in the planning process of ITS services. This paper presents the methodology of research using surrogate safety measures calculated and calibrated with the use of simulation techniques and a driving simulator. This...
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Time-series analysis of road safety trends aggregated at national level in Europe for 2000-2010
PublicationThe reader will find in this study road safety modelling theory and time-series analysis techniques, applications to long period data of injury accidents and casualities, aggregared at national level
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Road safety system in Poland
PublicationCelem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie kluczowych dla poprawy brd elementów diagnozy stanu i systemu bezpieczeństwa w Polsce, które jednocześnie mogłyby wejść w zakres działań objętych Projektem ZEUS. Ocenę diagnozy wykonano poprzez porównanie z wzorcami z tych krajów, które od lat uważa się za liderów w zakresie bezpieczeństwa.
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ROAD SAFETY WITHIN THE "INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF TRANSPORT SAFETY"
PublicationThe concept of the “Integrated System of Transport Safety” in Poland is a novel solution, built upon the best practices available from only a handful of countries in the world. In the last few decades, the extent of applying integrated transport safety systems to improve transport safety systems has varied; nevertheless, studying the experience of the safest countries in the world we can say that enormous progress has been achieved...
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A new method and equipment for the detection of presence and estimation of the content of the petroleum-based fraction in lubricating oils, especially those emitted to the atmosphere
PublicationLubricating oil, used in cutting equipment, works in the so-called open lubrication system and is entirely emitted to the environment. When such an oil contains even a small portion of the crude oil-derived fraction, which is still very common, the oil is a serious environmental pollution. In addition, the oil mist poses a serious threat to the health of employees. Current legal regulations require users of saws and harvesters...
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Automated Parameter Determination for Horizontal Curves for the Purposes of Road Safety Models with the Use of the Global Positioning System
PublicationThis paper presents the results of research conducted to develop an automated system capable of determining parameters for horizontal curves. The system presented in this article could calculate the actual course of a road by means of a two-stage positioning of recorded points along the road. In the first stage, measurements were taken with a Real-Time Network (RTN) receiver installed in a research vehicle. In the second stage,...
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Analysis of the impact of socio-economic development on road safety based on the example of Baltic Sea Region countries
PublicationBaltic Sea Region (BSR) is a specific region of Europe, bringing together countries with different levels of socio-economic development. The main common point is territorial access to the Baltic Sea and the importance of maritime transport in the transportation of goods. The region consists of 9 countries, including Germany, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Finland, Sweden, Denmark and Russia (more specifically, Kaliningrad...
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Methodology of research on the impact of ITS services on the safety and efficiency of road traffic using transport models
PublicationThe current assessment of the impact of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) services on the level of traffic safety and efficiency is based mainly on expert assessments, statistical surveys or several traffic safety models requiring development. There is no structured, uniform assessment method that would give the opportunity to compare the impact of ITS services and their different configurations. The paper presents the methodology...
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Review of road safety theories and models
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono rozwój teorii i modeli stosowanych w badaniach bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego oraz wykorzystywanych w zarzadzaniu bezpieczeństwem ruchu drogowego. Wyrózniono cztery grupy najbardziej rozwiniętych teorii: teorie statystyczne, teorie przyczynowe, teorie systemowe i teorie behawioralne. Według tak podzielonych teorii sklasyfikowano modele stosowane w badaniach i analizach bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego.
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Road safety management at the strategic level
PublicationZarządzanie ryzykiem jest obecnie jednym z podstawowych narzędzi zarządzania bezpieczeństwem w technice, ekonomii, służbie zdrowia itp. W wielu dziedzinach istnieją unormowane procedury prowadzenia analizy, oceny i redukowania ryzyka. W zarządzaniu bezpieczeństwem ruchu drogowego nie ma powszechnych uregulowań stosowania tej metody zarządzania bezpieczeństwem. Dotychczas dwa zagadnienia zarządzania brd zostały docenione i stały...
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Systemic approach to Road Safety Schemes
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono koncepcje rozwoju systemu bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego na poziomie krajowym oraz na poziomie regionalnym i lokalnym.
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Road safety strategy on national roads
PublicationMimo podejmowanych wielu działań w zakresie brd na sieci dróg krajowych w Polsce, rezultaty są dalekie od oczekiwań i zadań postawionych przez Krajowy Program BRD GAMBIT 2005. Można by to tłumaczyć dużym przyrostem liczby pojazdów i wzrostem pracy przewozowej szczególnie na drogach krajowych. Ale porównanie ryzyka występującego na sieci dróg krajowych w Polsce do ryzyka występującego na drogach krajowych najbliższych krajów europejskich...
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The application of risk analysis in the assessment and management of road safety in road tunnels
PublicationTunele drogowe są najbardziej wrażliwymi za zakłócenia, spowodowane wypadkami drogowymi, elementami sieci drogowej. Najpoważniejszymi wypadkami w tych obiektach są zdarzenia z udziałem samochodów ciężarowych przewożących materiały niebezpieczne. Od kilku lat zatem rozwijane są w Europie metody analizy ryzyka i budowane narzedzia do zarządzania ryzykiem w tunelach drogowych. W Polsce zaczyna się budować tunele drogowe, a problem...
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The Application of Risk Analysis in the Assessment and Management of Road Safety in Road Tunnels
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Road Safety Trends at National Level in Europe: A Review of Time-series Analysis Performed during the Period 2000–12
PublicationThis paper presents a review of time-series analysis of road safety trends, aggregatedat a national level, which has been performed in the period 2000 – 12 and applied to Europeannational data sets covering long time periods. It provides a guideline and set of best practices inthe area of time-series modelling and identifies the latest methods and applications of nationalroad safety trend analysis...
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Road Safety Observatories within the Structure of Integrated Transport Safety Systems
PublicationAccurate knowledge about the causes, circumstances and place of transport accidents is the prerequisite to take the correct action to improve transport safety. Developing appropriate organizational structures, forms and methods of management and implementation of safety measures in the sectoral approach condition the success. Therefore the Safety Information System is one of the integral areas of the Integrated Transport Safety...
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Tools for road infrastructure safety management in poland
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Roads safety programmes as an effective tool for developing system-based road safety policies
PublicationW sytuacji niskiego poziomu bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego w Polsce, dążąc do realizacji rekomendacji Unii Europejskiej, Polska przyjęła ambitny cel zmniejszenia liczby ofiar śmiertelnych wypadków drogowych o 50% w okresie 2003-2013. Osiągnięcie tego celu wymaga podjęcia skoordynowanych działań wskazanych we wcześniej przygotowanych programach bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego. W artykule scharakteryzowano przyjęte w tych programach...
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Driver Fatigue and Road Safety on Poland's National Roads
PublicationThis paper presents an overview of factors causing driver fatigue as described in the literature. Next, a traffic crash database for 2003–2007 is used to identify the causes, circumstances and consequences of accidents caused by driver fatigue on Poland’s national roads. The results of the study were used to build a model showing the relationship between the concentration of road accidents and casualties, and the time of day. Finally,...
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Speed monitoring and management in national road safety program
PublicationW referacie przedstawiono system długoterminowych badań prędkości pojazdów umozliwiający śledzenie ich zmian. Zmiany te są analizowane w powiązaniu z wdrażanymi środkami nadzoru oraz edukacyjnymi oddziaływaniami na uczestników ruchu, a także ze zmianami infrastruktury drogowej. Podano też ogólne zalecenia do programu GAMBIT 2005, wynikające z dotychczasowych badań prędkości.
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Implementation of road safety programmes in Polish regions and poviats
PublicationZarządzanie bezpieczeństwem ruchu jest słabą stroną zarządzania drogami i ruchem drogowym w Polsce. W referacie przedstawiono sposób usystematyzowanego podejścia do struktury i organizacji takiego zarządzania bazując w tym na dotychczasowym doświadczeniu uzyskanym przy tworzeniu regionalnych programów poprawy brd w Polsce.
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Driver Fatigue and Road Safety on Poland’s National Roads
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Preparation and implementation of the National Road Safety Programme GAMBIT 2005
PublicationKrajowy Program BRD GAMBIT 2005 jest spójny z najwazniejszymi dokumentami dotyczącymi rozwoju systemu transportu w Polsce (Polityka Transportowa, Strategia Rozwoju Transportu). Jest też spójny z III Planem BRD Unii Europejskiej. Program ten daje możliwość zintensyfikowania działań prewencyjnych, prowadzonych w celu ochrony zycia i zdrowia uczestników ruchu drogowego. Efektem tego programu będzie uratowanie życia kilkunastu tysiącom...
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Times Series Analysis Of Road Safety Trends At The Regional Level In Poland
PublicationThe paper presents possibility of applying a structural times series modeling with explanatory and intervention variables as a tool capable for explaining the changes in the monthly number of fatalities and seriously injured in traffic accidents. The analysis covers regional level and takes into consideration traffic accidents data of two regions: Pomorskie and Warmia-Mazury. In addition short-term forecasts for the two regions...