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Search results for: Energy gap
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Superconducting Energy Gap in Hole-Doped Graphene Beyond the Migdal's Theory
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Control system for contactless electrical energy transfer with varying air gap
PublicationInductive power transfer (IPT) is a system by which electrical energy may be transmitted without electrical connection through a large air gap between coils. Systems usually considered in the literature are the ones with a constant air gap. The paper describes the analysis of IPT, which allows for supplying an electrical load in the conditions of slow, in relation to the dynamics of power supply, changes in the dimensions of the...
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The optical properties and band gap energy of nanocrystalline La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 thin films
PublicationW pracy zbadano wpływ mikrostruktury na właściwości optyczne La0.4Sr0.6TiO3 przygotowanego w postaci cienkiego filmu. Gęsty film o grubości 200nm i wielkości krystalitów 14-30nm został przygotowany na szafirze.
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Simulation of influence of the air gap asymmetryon voltage waveforms of a synchronous machine
PublicationResults of simulation of a synchronous generator with the air gap asymmetry characterised by eccentricity are presented in the paper. The Lagrange's energy method has been used in derivation of the model equations. Analysis of influence of the air gap asymmetry on characteristics of self and mutual inductances of windings, as well as analysis of induced voltage waveforms as a function of the air gap asymmetry have been performed....
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Closing the gap – the opportunity for sustainability and smart transition in the Central and East Europe countries
PublicationFor almost half a century the countries of CEE were part of- or were remaining under the influence of- the Soviet Union what caused gaping difference in the starting line towards sustainability. Here the prefabricated concrete blocks of flats were being built at the scale unseen in the western countries. Those buildings, approximately a quarter of the residential market, are in a structurally sound condition to last another five...
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Analysis of inductive power transfer systems for variable air gap and voltage supply frequency
PublicationThe paper describes an IPT system, by which electrical energy may be transmitted through a large air gap between coils without electrical connection. It presents theoretical and simulation analysis of IPT, which allows for supplying a receiver in the conditions of slow, in relation to the dynamics of power supply, changes in dimension of the air gap. The influence of frequency characteristics of the system on the possible selection...
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Effects of Bromine Doping on the Structural Properties and Band Gap of CH3NH3Pb(I1–xBrx)3 Perovskite
PublicationAn experimental and theoretical study is reported to investigate the influence of bromine doping on CH3NH3Pb(I1−xBrx)3 perovskite for Br compositions ranging from x = 0 to x = 0.1, in which the material remains in the tetragonal phase. The experimental band gap is deduced from UV−vis absorption spectroscopy and displays a linear behavior as a function of bromine concentration. Density functional theory calculations are performed...
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Does the low optical band gap of yellow Bi3YO6 guarantee the photocatalytical activity under visible light illumination?
PublicationBi3YO6, which is known as an ionic conductor, was tested here as an electrode and photoanode in contact with aqueous electrolytes. Bi3YO6 was deposited onto the Pt substrate and the such prepared electrode was polarized in various aqueous electrolytes. The optical energy band gap of the material equal to 1.89 eV was determined using the Kubelka-Munk function resulting from the UV-Vis spectrum (allowed indirect transition) and also...
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A gap waveguide-based mechanically reconfigurable phase shifter for high-power Ku-band applications
PublicationThis paper presents a novel design of a low-loss, reconfgurable broadband phase shifter based on groove gap waveguide (GGW) technology. The proposed phase shifter consists of a folded GGW and three bends with a few pins forming the GGW and one bend attached to a movable plate. This movable plate allows for adjustments to the folded waveguide length, consequently altering the phase of electromagnetic waves. The advantage of GGW...
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Self-assembly, stability and conductance of amphotericin B channels: bridging the gap between structure and function
PublicationAmphotericin B (AmB), one of the most powerful but also toxic drugs used to treat systemic mycoses, is believed to selectively permeabilize fungal cell membranes to ions in a sterol-dependent manner. Unfortunately, the structure of the biologically active AmB channels has long eluded researchers, obstructing the design of safer alternatives. Here, we investigate the structural and thermodynamic aspects of channel formation, stability,...
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Effect of band gap on power conversion efficiency of single-junction semiconductor photovoltaic cells under white light phosphor-based LED illumination
PublicationOn the basis of the detailed balance principle, curves of efficiency limit of single-junction photovoltaic cells at warm and cool white light phosphor-based LED bulbs with luminous efficacy exceeding 100 lm/W have been simulated. The effect of energy band gap and illuminance on the efficiencies at warm and cool light is discussed. The simulations carried out show that maximum power conversion efficiency at 1000 lx reaches 52.0%...
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Millimeter Wave Wideband and Low-Loss Compact Power Divider Based on Gap Waveguide: For Use in Wideband Antenna Array System
PublicationThis paper presents a wideband and low-loss design of a compact power divider based on gap waveguide technology. The proposed power divider consists of two adjacent E-plane groove gap waveguide and a small ridge section to couple and equally divide the EM energy from the input E-plane groove gap waveguide to the two output ones in-phase. The simulation results show that the proposed waveguide power divider has about 40% impedance...
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Pin-on-Substrate Gap Waveguide: An Extremely Low-Cost Realization of High-Performance Gap Waveguide Components
PublicationConsidering the limitations of currently available technologies for the realization of microwave components and antennas, a trade-off between different factors including the efficiency and fabrication cost is required. The main objective of this letter is to propose a novel method for the realization of gap waveguides (GWGs) that take advantage of conventional PCB fabrication technology, thus are low cost and light weight. Moreover,...
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Cu-Doped Layered Double Hydroxide Constructs the Performance-Enhanced Supercapacitor Via Band Gap Reduction and Defect Triggering
PublicationLayered double hydroxides (LDHs) are regarded as the excellent electrode materials for supercapacitors because of their high theoretical capacitance and abundance. However, the poor conductivity and limited reaction kinetics of LDHs restrict their practical application severely. Herein, Cu is chosen from groups VIII/IB/IIB as dopants for Co-based LDH (CuCo-LDH). The designed metal–organic framework-derived hierarchical CuCo-LDH...
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Hydrodynamic pressure in micro-and nano bearing gap
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Briding the communicational gap between client and software developer
PublicationOften is it the case that people find it difficult to bridge thecommunicational gap between themselves and others. This is something of a problem, to say the least. My aim is to explain and to clarify the reasons behind this and to hopefully overcome any obstacles, to allow for a much smoother and more accurate means of fulfilling client and software developer needs.I have found through my own personal experience something which...
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Microwave Alignment and Displacement Sensors in Groove Gap Waveguide Technology
PublicationThis paper is aimed at presenting highly sensitive microwave displacement and alignment sensors. With this goal, the method of realizing mechanically tunable cavity resonators in groove gap waveguides technology is presented. The resonance frequency of the cavity is then used for displacement sensing. It is also demonstrated that the symmetry properties of a pair of groove gap waveguide cavities can be used to improve the robustness...
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Hybridization-driven gap inU3Bi4Ni3: AB209iNMR/NQR study
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NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF GAP FLOW ABOVE ROTATING DISK
PublicationA rotating disk can be considered a basic configuration for the investigati ons of the impact of various conditions on the flow through the clearance between the s hrouded turbine blade and the casing. Numerical calculations using Fine/Turbo Numeca were conducted to examine the influence of the rotational velocity and the pressure differ ence across the disk on the flow conditions, especially the mass flow through the clearance....
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Bridging the Gap Between Legitimacy and Neutralisation Strategies in Sustainability Reporting
PublicationAmid global sustainability challenges, such as climate change, companies operating in different industries face increasing demands for accountability and transparency. To meet these demands, sustainability reporting (SR) has become a mainstream business practice in communicating companies’ positive and negative sustainability impacts. This short paper aims to increase our understanding of how companies may release negative information...
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Design of Compact and Wideband Groove Gap Waveguide-Based Directional Couplers
PublicationThis paper proposes a compact cross-shaped groove gap waveguide structure for creating wideband and compact directional couplers with different coupling levels. Groove gap waveguide technology is applied to overcome fabrication challenges of printed and hollow waveguide structures in high frequency bands. The validity of the novel concept is demonstrated through the design and evaluation of several compact broadband directional...
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Implementing Sustainable Development Goals with Digital Government – Aspiration-capacity gap
PublicationSustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent a commitment by all United Nations Member States to pursue development efforts, including ending poverty and hunger, promoting well-being and education, reducing inequalities, fostering peace, and protecting the planet. Member States and their governments are supposed to take ownership of the SDGs, strengthen the implementation means, and improve public governance as both the means...
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On a Certain Research Gap in Big Data Mining for Customer Insights
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Hybridization-driven gap in U3Bi4Ni3: A 209Bi NMR/NQR study
PublicationZostały przeprowadzone badania jądrowego rezonansu magnetycznego (na jądrach 209Bi) na kryształach U3Bi4Ni3. U3Ni4Bi3 jest tzw. izolatorem typu Kondo.
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Mind the Gender Wage Gap – the Impact of Trade and Competition on Sectoral Wage Difference
PublicationThis article examines differences between women’s and men’s wages in 18 selected OECD countries in the period 1970-2005. The study is based on 12 manufacturing sector- and skill-specific sets of panel data on the gender wage gap. We apply a system GMM estimator to the extended version of the conditional gender wage gap convergence equation, controlling for sector concentration and industry-specific measures of openness using a...
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Deep learning for ultra-fast and high precision screening of energy materials
PublicationSemiconductor materials for energy storage are the core and foundation of modern information society and play important roles in photovoltaic system, integrated circuit, spacecraft technology, lighting applications, and other fields. Unfortunately, due to the long experiment period and high calculation cost, the high-precision band gap (the basic characteristic parameter) of semiconductor is difficult to obtain, which hinders the...
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Analysis of the effect of the seismic gap on the response of buildings experiencing pounding during earthquakes
PublicationThe aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of the seismic gap on the dynamic response of buildings experiencing earthquake-induced pounding. Three buildings have been analysed, which are 5-storey, 7-storey and 9-storey structures. Three possible pounding scenarios have been considered, which are pounding between 5-storey and 7-storey buildings, pounding between 5-storey and 9-storey buildings and pounding between 7-storey...
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Influence of separation gap on the structural response of colliding structures under earthquake excitation
PublicationThe high level of urbanization in the XXIst century forces the designers to design closely-separated structures and to take into account many factors influencing their response during seismic excitation, which are the most unpredictable loads which can affect civil engineering structures. Interactions between insufficiently adjacent buildings, known as the earthquake-induced structural pounding, may cause serious damage to the structures,...
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The impact of gender wage gap on sectoral economic growth – cross-country approach
PublicationWe propose an empirical analysis of testing the relationship between gender wage gap and economic growth. The study takes into account 12 manufacturing sectors in 18 OECD countries for the period between 1970 and 2005.We use industrial statistics (EU KLEMS, 2008) on female and male wages that distinguish between wages paid to different groups of workers classified according to skill level: high, medium and low. We estimate augmented...
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Bridging the gap between architectural and environmental engineering education in the context of climate change
PublicationIndicated in this article is the urgent need to adjust architectural education to the challenges triggered by climate change. Although reports on the future scenarios for cities are alarming, documents that set criteria for architectural education do not indicate competencies related to climate change adaptation and mitigation, mainly by avoiding environmental engineering considerations. An immediate answer to this problem could...
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GVC involvement and the gender wage gap: Micro -evidence on European countries
PublicationWe examine linkages between involvement in global value chains (GVCs) and gender wage inequalities. We use merged data from Structure of Earnings Survey and the World Input Output Database covering 18 European countries. We employ information on employees’ personal and company characteristics and a sectoral involvement in GVCs. In general, the wages of workers from sectors more involved in GVCs are lower. However, the relationship...
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Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions: Evidence from 37 Countries
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Application of acoustic emission metod for measurement of joint gap and cartilage surfaces
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono zastosowanie emisji akustycznej do lokalizacji wczesnych uszkodzeń stawu biodrowego lub kolanowego człowieka. Ponadto metoda ta służy do pomiaru wysokości szczeliny stawu oraz struktury geometrycznej powierzchni chrząstki stawowej. Jest to metoda nieinwazyjna. Pomiary metodą emisji akustycznej stosujemy na ogół w materiałach, w których energia sprężysta zmienia się nagle. Takie zmiany energii mogą być...
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A low-band gap, nitrogen-modified titania visible-light photocatalyst
PublicationFotokatalizatory tlenku tytanu(IV) zmodyfikowanego azotem zostały zsyntetyzowane poprzez ogrzewanie wodorotlenku tytanu i mocznika w temperaturze 400ºC. Otrzymane fotokatalizatory charakteryzują się silną absorpcją w zakresie promieniowania widzialnego (400-500 nm) odznaczając się niskimi wartościami energii pasma wzbronionego (2,20 i 2,46 eV). Aktywność fotokatalityczną w świetle widzialnym potwierdzono przeprowadzając reakcję...
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EFFECTIVENESS OF FDI, TECHNOLOGICAL GAP AND SECTORAL LEVEL PRODUCTIVITY IN THE VISEGRAD GROUP
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Bridging the gap between business process models and use-case models
PublicationToday's software development methodologies are equipped with a plethora of methods and techniques for business process engineering and Requirements Engineering. However, heavy investments in IT have not brought forth expected results. What seems to be lacking is a systematic approach that consolidates both disciplines to gain a synergistic effect. To address this challenge we extend Use-Case Driven Approach (UCDA) by binding use...
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Band Gap Engineering toward Semimetallic Character of Quinone-Rich Polydopamine
PublicationSemiconductor|melanin interfaces have received increasingly more attention in the fields of photocatalysis and applied electrochemistry because of their facile synthesis, unique electrical properties, and strong capability toward photosensitization. In this work, we describe the electropolymerization of quinone-rich polydopamine (PDA) on the surface of hydrogenated TiO2 nanotubes with enhanced photoactivity in the visible spectrum....
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Low-Loss Mechanically Tunable Resonator and Phase Shifters in Groove Gap Waveguide Technology
PublicationThis research is focused on the design and realization of high-performance high-power variable phase shifters in groove gap waveguide technology. Specifically, it is shown that the unique characteristic of groove gap waveguides, which is its proper operation without the need for electrical connection between the top and bottom sections of the waveguide, can be used to design mechanically tunable devices. Using the proposed method,...
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Efficiency limit of excitonic photovoltaic cells under phosphor-based white LED illumination
PublicationThe limit of energy conversion of excitonic photovoltaic cells working under white light illumination generated by phosphor-based LED is analysed using the modified Giebink approach. Particularly, the impact of the optical energy gap and energy loss associated with the excitons dissociation at the heterojunction interface on power conversion efficiency of the device are discussed. From the results of our study it follows that the...
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Assessment of codes recommendations for the evaluation of the seismic gap of buildings founded on different soil types
PublicationSeveral equations have been proposed in the literature to evaluate the seismic gap preventing earthquake-induced structural pounding, such as the ones based on the absolute sum of the peak displacements (ABS), the square root of the sum of the squares (SRSS), the double difference method (DDC), Australian code and the approach proposed by Naderpour et al. The aim of this paper is to investigate the accuracy of these equations taking...
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Skilled-Unskilled Wage Gap Versus Evolving Trade And Labour Market Structures in the EU
PublicationThis paper proposes an alternative approach to the empirical study of wage gap between workers with different educational levels in the enlarged EU. The analysis is based on sectoral database, linking labor market statistics and trade data at the level of 12 manufacturing sectors in a group of 20 European countries: selected New Member States (NMS-5) and former EU-15 economies, in the period 1995-2005. The results of the empirical...
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D-Band High Gain Planer Slot Array Antenna using Gap Waveguide Technology
PublicationA D-band high gain slot array antenna with corporate-fed distribution network based on gap waveguide structures is proposed at 140GHz. To overcome the fabrication challenges at such high frequency, the gap waveguide technology is deployed in which good electrical contact between different parts of the waveguide structure is not required. The proposed sub-array has four radiating slots that are excited by a groove gap cavity and...
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Model and simulation tests of a squirrel-cage induction motor with oscillation of air gap
PublicationPrzedstawiono model matematyczny silnika, który pozwala na wprowadzanie ekscentryczności wirnika. Zaprezentowano obliczone widma prądu z wprowadzoną oscylacją wirnika, co z pewnym przybliżeniem odpowiada uszkodzeniu łożyska. Rezultaty symulacji pozwalają na określenie zależności pomiędzy oscylacją szczeliny powietrznej i składowych w widmie prądu.
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Role of nitrogen in evolution of sp2/sp3 bonding and optical band gap in hydrogenated carbon nitride
PublicationDrastic changes in the bonding are found in amorphous hydrogenated carbon nitride (a-CNx:H) film as a function of nitrogen concentration (or N/C ratio). The total C-sp3 fraction and hardness shows a sharp decrease (at N/C = 0.40) whereas optical band gap and resistivity shows a gradual increase as nitrogen concentration increases from 0.07 to 0.58. Raman spectrum of a-CNx:H film is fitted with both Gaussian (integrated intensity...
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Influence of separation gap on the response of colliding models of steel structures under seismic and paraseismic excitations
PublicationAs a result of high urbanization, the need to erect closely-spaced buildings forces designers to consider collisions between structures taking place during ground motions. Experimental and numerical studies have confirmed that such collisions (often referred to as structural pounding) may cause serious damage to the structural elements and even lead to total collapse of colliding structures. The main reason of earthquake-induced...
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Seismic gap between buildings founded on different soil types experiencing pounding during earthquakes
PublicationSeveral formulas have been suggested in the literature to evaluate the minimum seismic gap that would prevent collisions between adjacent buildings during earthquakes, including those based on the absolute sum of the peak displacements (ABS), square root of the sum of the squares (SRSS), the double difference method (DDC), Australian code, and approach proposed by Naderpour et al. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the...
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A DFT+U study of carbon nanotubes under influence of a gate voltage
PublicationA possibility of appearance of antiferromagnetic ordering in armchair carbon nanotubes and graphene is studied using density functional theory within a DFT+U approach. It is shown that the Coulomb repulsion between electrons in the -orbitals of graphene would need to reach a threshold value of ,...
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Modified Preisach model of hysteresis in multi air gap ferrite core medium frequency transformer
PublicationThis article presents the modified Preisach model of hysteresis for a 3-phase medium frequency transformer in a 100 kW dual active bridge converter. The transformer magnetic core is assembled out of ferrite I-cores, which results in multiple parasitic air gaps. For this transformer, the hysteresis loops were measured and parameters of the Preisach model were determined. The Preisach distribution function is approximated with a...
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Sustainable energy consumption – Empirical evidence of a household in Poland
PublicationThere is an expected increase in the demand for electricity from households in European countries. The outcome of the growing proportion of renewable energy sources in the energy supply mix should result in improved customer awareness regarding their electricity usage. Additionally, they must assume a more proactive role in overseeing their electricity usage. Innovation and pollution management have become crucial catalysts for...
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Bridging the Gap: An Evaluation of Business Process Management Education and Industry Expectations – The Case of Poland
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