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Search results for: MINIATURIZED ANTENNAS
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Influence of Dielectric Overlay Dimensions on Performance of Miniaturized ESPAR Antenna
PublicationIn this paper, the influence of dielectric overlay size on miniaturized ESPAR antenna performance has been investigated. The dielectric overlay’s main function is antenna’s size reduction but it can also be used to modify its radiation pattern. This creates the possibility of easy adopting antenna parameters to different applications by swapping used overlay. In particular, the lowering of antenna’s main beam elevation direction...
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A Broadband Circularly Polarized Wide-Slot Antenna with a Miniaturized Footprint
PublicationThis letter presents a novel and simple feeding technique for exciting orthogonal components in a wide-slot antenna. In this technique, a rectangular bracket-shape parasitic strip is placed at the open end of the straight microstrip line to excite the fundamental horizontal and vertical components of the circular polarization (CP). The proposed technique—when employed in conjunction with the asymmetrical geometry of coplanar waveguide...
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Influence of Dielectric Overlay Permittivity on Size and Performance of Miniaturized ESPAR Antenna
PublicationIn this paper, influence of dielectric overlay permittivity on miniaturized ESPAR antenna parameters is presented. ESPAR antenna is a low-cost and energy-efficient way to implement beam steering capability to a node and improve network performance. The antenna size reduction is obtained by embedding its active and passive elements in ABS based materials of relative permittivity equal to 4, 5.5 and 7.5 in order to achieve network...
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Miniaturized uniplanar triple-band slot dipole antenna with folded radiator
PublicationA miniaturized uniplanar slot dipole for triple-frequency operation is presented. The antenna consists of a folded slot radiator with an increased number of degrees of freedom that allow for efficient size reduction. Rigorous electromagnetic (EM)-driven design optimization is applied in order to achieve the smallest possible size while maintaining acceptable levels of antenna reflection at the required operating frequencies. The...
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A design framework for rigorous constrained EM-driven optimization of miniaturized antennas with circular polarization
PublicationCompact radiators with circular polarization are important components of modern mobile communication systems. Their design is a challenging process which requires maintaining simultaneous control over several performance figures but also the structure size. In this work, a novel design framework for multi-stage constrained miniaturization of antennas with circular polarization is presented. The method involves sequential optimization...
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Low-fidelity model considerations for simulation-based optimisation of miniaturised wideband antennas
PublicationHere, variable-fidelity electromagnetic (EM)-based design optimisation of miniaturised antennas is discussed. The authors focus on an appropriate selection of discretisation density of the low-fidelity EM model, which results in good performance of the optimisation algorithm in terms of its computational complexity and reliability. Trust-region gradient search with low-fidelity model corrected by means of non-linear frequency scaling...
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Highly-Miniaturized Self-Quadruplexing Antenna Based on Substrate-Integrated Rectangular Cavity
PublicationThis paper introduces a novel self-quadruplexing antenna (SQA) architecture using a substrate-integrated rectangular cavity (SIRC) for compact size, wide-frequency re-designability, and high isolation responses. The proposed SQA is developed by engraving two U-shaped slots (USSs) on the top conductor of the SIRC. The USSs are excited by employing four microstrip feedlines to achieve self-quadruplexing antenna characteristics. The...
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Highly Miniaturized Self-Diplexed U-Shaped Slot Antenna Based on Shielded QMSIW
PublicationThis article presents an efficient yet simple design approach to highly miniaturized cavity-backed self-diplexing antenna (SDA) with high-isolation. The structure employs a shielded quarter-mode substrate integrated waveguide (QMSIW). Two U-shaped slots are engraved on the top conducting plane, which realize two frequency bands and significant size reduction. The slots are excited by two independent 50Ω orthogonal feed-lines to...
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Design and optimization of a novel miniaturized low-profile circularly polarized wide-slot antenna
PublicationThis paper presents a novel structure of a compact circularly polarized (CP) antenna. CP is obtained using a parasitic quasi-rectangular strip placed coplanar to the feedline. A ground plane perturbation combined with the asymmetric geometry of the coplanar waveguide ground planes is utilized to excite additional CP modes. All antenna dimensions are rigorously optimized to achieve the best possible performance in terms of the impedance...
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Miniaturized Metal-Mountable U-shaped Inductive-Coupling-Fed UHF RFID Tag Antenna with Defected Microstrip Surface
PublicationThis study presents a novel miniature ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag for metallic objects. Its arrangement includes a U-shaped feeder, which is inductively coupled to two E-type connected patches. Size reduction is achieved by means of utilizing the U-shaped feeder, and introducing a defection in the connection between the two E-type patches. The defection in the connection area between the...
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Miniaturized solid phase extraction
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Miniaturized methods of sample preparation
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Miniaturized solid phase microextratcion
PublicationWithout any doubt analytical laboratories have an essential role in environmental protection due to the fact that they takes an active part in the monitoring pollutants present in air, water or soil. From the other side, the analytical activity is involved in the generation of toxic waste what is associated with the use of not eco-friendly reagents and solvents. For these reasons, green analytical chemistry (GAC) was introduced...
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Miniaturized impedance analyzer using AD5933
PublicationThe paper presents the analyzer allowing to measure impedance in a range of 10 ohms <|Zx|<10 Gohms in a wide frequency range from 10 mHz up to 100 kHz. The device specific features are: miniaturization, low power consumptions and the use of impedance measurement method based on DSP. These features were possible thanks to the use of newest generation of large scale integration chips: e.g. „system on a chip” microsystems (AD5933)...
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Miniaturized solid-phase extraction techniques
PublicationMore than 80% of analysis time is spent on sample collection and sample preparation, so sample preparation is a critical part of the analytical process. Traditionally, liquid-liquid extraction was developed and employed to screen for general unknowns. However, solid-phase extraction (SPE) is becoming highly popular as an alternative, due to its simplicity and economy in terms of time and solvent. This review summarizes the current...
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Miniaturized impedance analyzer using AD5933
PublicationThe paper presents the analyzer allowing to measure impedance in a range of 10 ohms <|Zx|<10 Gohms in a wide frequency range from 10 mHz up to 100 kHz. The device specific features are: miniaturization, low power consumptions and the use of impedance measurement method based on DSP. These features were possible thanks to the use of newest generation of large scale integration chips: e.g. „system on a chip” microsystems (AD5933)...
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Green Aspects of Miniaturized Sample Preparation Techniques
PublicationCorrect monitoring and control of the state of the environment and scientific research on the subject of environmental protection often require that determinations of compounds present at very low concentrations be made in samples characterized by a matrix of complex composition (e.g., biological samples, water and soil samples). Moreover, due to the limited number of analytical techniques which are sufficiently sensitive to conduct...
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Doubly miniaturized rat-race hybrid coupler
PublicationTwo complementary miniaturization techniques have beenapplied to reduce the size of a rat-race hybrid coupler: (i) conventional microstrip sections have been replaced with their diminished lowimpedance counterparts as the first step of size reduction and (ii) novel fractal-shaped compact microstrip resonant cells dedicated to efficiently shorten low-impedance transmission line segments have been implemented as the second step of...
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Microcontroller driven miniaturized digital depth sounder.
PublicationPrzedstawiono schemat blokowy, specyfikację techniczną oraz zasadę działania miniaturowej echosondy cyfrowej, sterowanej mikrokontrolerem PIC16F873.Specjalistyczne oprogramowanie echosondy umożliwia prezentację echogramów w czasie rzeczywistym oraz udostępnianie ich w sieci Internet w typowych przeglądarkach WWW.
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Feedback control system for a miniaturized LMIS robot
PublicationReferat przedstawia sposób realizacji mechanizmu sprzężenia zwrotnego dla układu sterowania zestawów Lego Mindstorm Invention Systems. Obiektem sterowania jest układ ''wózek-wahadło''. Przedstawiono model matematyczny, wyniki badań eksperymentalnych dot. identyfikacji parametrów modelu, syntezę wybranych regulatorów oraz wyniki badań symulacyjnych układu sterowania pozycji i kąt wychylenia wahadła. Przedstawiono także sposób wykonania...
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Raman miniaturised system for field applications
PublicationRaman spectroscopy is a powerful and versatile research technique with a broad range of potential applications, which includes laboratory studies, on-line industrial process monitoring and field measurements. Scope of the field applications includes environment monitoring, detection of dangerous or prohibited materials and rapid identification of unknown samples. It stimulates development of dedicated Raman measurement equipment...
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Sample Preparation in Foodomics: Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction
PublicationAnalytical chemists face a challenge to bring comprehensive information on a given food and biological sample by using the best available analytical techniques and meet the requirements of sustainable development and green chemistry at the same time. A key objective of this chapter is to review selected literature data on the utilization of solid-phase extraction techniques with special attention to their miniaturized modes in...
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Doubly miniaturized rat-race coupler with periodic pbg structures
PublicationW referacie zaprezentowano projekt oraz wyniki eksperymentu podwójnie zminiaturyzowanego sprzęgacza pierścieniowego. Wstępny stopień miniaturyzacji uzyskano poprzez modyfikację impedancji charakterystycznych oraz długości elektrycznych odpowiednich sekcji linii mikropaskowych, natomiast dodatkową redukcję powierzchni osiągnięto poprzez implementację kaskad komórek PBG w odcinkach linii mikropaskowych. Wyniki eksperymentu potwierdzają...
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Miniaturized dual‐band branch‐line coupler with enhanced bandwidth
PublicationIn this letter, a miniaturized hybrid dual-band branch-line coupler (BLC) with enhanced fractional bandwidths is proposed. Compact size and bandwidth enhancement are obtained using meandered transmission line sections with broken symmetry between cross-coupling branches. The circuit is designed at a low numerical cost using surrogate-assisted techniques. The optimized design features small size of only 0.25λg×0.19λg(28% miniaturization...
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Multi-objective design of miniaturized impedance transformers by domain segmentation
PublicationFast multi-objective design optimization of compact microstrip impedance transformers is discussed. Our approach exploits approximation models constructed using sampled coarse- mesh EM simulation data in a partitioned design space and response correction techniques for design refinement. Demonstra
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A family of new generation miniaturized impedance analyzers for technical object diagnostics
PublicationThe paper presents the family of three analyzers allowing to measure impedance in range of 10 ohm<|Zx|<10 Gohm in a wide frequency range from 10 mHz up to 100 kHz. The most important features of the analyzers family are: miniaturization, low power consumption, low production cost, telemetric controlling and the use of impedance measurement method based on digital signal processing DSP. The miniaturization and other above mentioned...
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Fast geometry scaling of miniaturized microwave couplers with power split correction
PublicationRedesigning a microwave circuit for various operating conditions is a practically important yet challenging problem. The purpose of this article is development and presentation of a technique for fast geometry scaling of miniaturized microwave couplers with respect to operating frequency. Our approach exploits an inverse surrogate model constructed using several reference designs that are optimized for a set of operating frequencies...
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UWB Microstrip Antennas on a Cylindrical Surfaces
PublicationConformal antennas are becoming popular due to their many advantages and possibilities of applications they offer. The advantages of using antennas with a curved surface arise not only from the possibility of integrating them with the object on which they are mounted on but also from the increase, relatively to planar antennas, of their visible angular range. The circular antenna arrays, or arrays of radiators located on the surface...
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A Review of Antennas for Indoor Positioning Systems
PublicationThis paper provides a review of antennas applied for indoor positioning or localization systems. The desired requirements of thoseantennas when integrated in anchor nodes (reference nodes) are discussed, according to different localization techniques and theirperformance. The described antennas will be subdivided into the following sections according to the nature of measurements:received signal strength (RSS), time of flight (ToF),...
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Miniaturized passive emission test chamber for in-situ measurement of emissions of organic compounds
PublicationThe results of many different studies have demonstrated unequivocally that the quality of indoor air is often much worse than that of atmospheric air (outdoor). One of the main groups of chemical compounds present in indoor air, with proven harmfulness to health,are volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOCs present indoor comprise a wide variety of hydrocarbons and hydrocarbons derivatives including aliphatic, aromatics, alkylbenzens,...
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Expedited Variable-Resolution Surrogate Modeling of Miniaturized Microwave Passives in Confined Domains
PublicationDesign of miniaturized microwave components is largely based on computational models, primarily, full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations. EM analysis is capable of giving an accurate account for cross-coupling effects, substrate and radiation losses, or interactions with environmental components (e.g., connectors). Unfortunately, direct execution of EM-based design tasks such as parametric optimization or uncertainty quantification,...
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Miniaturized Passive Emission Chambers for In Situ Measurement of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds
PublicationThe results of many different studies have demonstrated unequivocally that the quality of indoor air is often much worse than that of atmospheric air. The presence of dangerous chemical compounds in indoor air can have an adverse impact on human health and cause numerous diseases of the respiratory and circulatory systems. Such harmful chemicals get into indoor air as a result of their emission from building and indoor materials....
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Low-Cost Surrogate Modeling of Miniaturized Microwave Components Using Nested Kriging
PublicationIn the paper, a recently reported nested kriging methodology is employed for modeling of miniaturized microwave components. The approach is based on identifying the parameter space region that contains high-quality designs, and, subsequently, rendering the surrogate in this subset. The results obtained for a miniaturized unequal-power-split rat-race coupler and a compact three-section impedance transformer demonstrate reliability...
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Novel structure and EM-driven design of miniaturized microstrip rat-race coupler
PublicationIn this paper, a novel structure and design procedure of a miniaturized microstrip rat-race coupler (RRC) is described. Small size of the RRC is achieved by folding the transmission lines of the conventional circuit into its interior, as well as by implementation of the structure on three layers. The final size of the coupler realized for the operating frequency of 1 GHz is only 220 mm2, which gives over 95% footprint reduction...
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Inverse surrogate models for fast geometry scaling of miniaturized dual-band couplers
PublicationRe-design of microwave structures for various sets of performance specifications is a challenging task, particularly for compact components where considerable electromagnetic (EM) cross-couplings make the relationships between geometry parameters and the structure responses complex. Here, we address geometry scaling of miniaturized dual-band couplers by means of inverse surrogate modeling. Our approach allows for fast estimation...
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Response features for fast EM-driven design of miniaturized impedance matching transformers
PublicationA framework for low-cost EM-driven design optimization of compact impedance matching transformers is presented. Our technique is based on a bottom-up design where design requirements for the transformer circuit are translated into specifications for its building blocks. These elementary cells are optimized using response features. Subsequently, the entire circuit is fine-tuned using local response surface approximation models and...
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Space-mapping-based design flow of miniaturized broadband matching transformer with perforated metallization
PublicationA fast design procedure of unconventional passive components has been presented and experimentally validated on the basis of a wideband microstrip four-section matching transformer (50:6 OHm). A classic impedance matching circuit has been miniaturized by means of compact microstrip resonant cells (CMRCs) leading to a considerable length reduction (34%) together with minor degradation in its performance. The spacemapping-based design...
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Design specification management with automated decision-making for reliable optimization of miniaturized microwave components
PublicationThe employment of numerical optimization techniques for parameter tuning of microwave components has nowadays become a commonplace. In pursuit of reliability, it is most often carried out at the level of full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation models, incurring considerable computational expenses. In the case of miniaturized microstrip circuits, densely arranged layouts with strong cross-coupling effects make EM-driven tuning...
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Accelerated design optimization of miniaturized microwave passives by design reusing and Kriging interpolation surrogates
PublicationElectromagnetic (EM) analysis has become ubiquitous in the design of microwave components and systems. One of the reasons is the increasing topological complexity of the circuits. Their reliable evaluation—at least at the design closure stage—can no longer be carried out using analytical or equivalent network representations. This is especially pertinent to miniaturized structures, where considerable EM cross-coupling effects occurring...
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Accelerated multi-objective design of miniaturized microwave components by means of nested kriging surrogates
PublicationDesign of microwave components is an inherently multiobjective task. Often, the objectives are at least partially conflicting and the designer has to work out a suitable compromise. In practice, generating the best possible trade‐off designs requires multiobjective optimization, which is a computationally demanding task. If the structure of interest is evaluated through full‐wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis, the employment of...
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Rapid tolerance‐aware design of miniaturized microwave passives by means of confined‐domain surrogates
PublicationThe effects of uncertainties, primarily manufacturing tolerances but also incomplete information about operating conditions or material parameters, can be detrimental to the performance of microwave components. Quantification of such effects is essential to ensure a meaningful evaluation of the structure, in particular, its reliability under imperfect fabrication procedures. The improvement of the circuit robustness can be achieved...
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A miniaturized solid-contact potentiometric multisensor platform for determination of ionic profiles in human saliva
PublicationThis paper describes a miniaturized multisensor platform (MP-ISES) consisting of electrodes: a reference one (RE) and ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) for monitoring Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, and SCN− ions and pH in human saliva. Gold electrode surface was modified by deposition of two layers: electrosynthesized PEDOT:PSS forming an intermediate layer, and ion-selective membrane. The developed ISEs were characterized by a wide linear...
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Design-Oriented Two-Stage Surrogate Modeling of Miniaturized Microstrip Circuits with Dimensionality Reduction
PublicationContemporary microwave design heavily relies on full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation tools. This is especially the case for miniaturized devices where EM cross-coupling effects cannot be adequately accounted for using equivalent network models. Unfortunately, EM analysis incurs considerable computational expenses, which becomes a bottleneck whenever multiple evaluations are required. Common simulation-based design tasks include...
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Miniaturized Inline Bandpass Filters Based on Triple-Mode Integrated Coaxial-Waveguide Resonators
PublicationThis work presents a design technique to implement miniaturized cross-coupled bandpass filters in inline physical configurations based on triple-mode resonators. Triple-mode resonances are obtained by using integrated coaxial-waveguide cavity resonators. They consist of two coaxial conducting posts placed in the sidewalls of a rectangular waveguide cavity. In the proposed triplet, a transmission zero (TZ) can be positioned at any...
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Design of a compact planar transmission line for miniaturized rat-race coupler with harmonics suppression
PublicationThis paper presents an elegant yet straightforward design procedure for a compact rat-race coupler (RRC) with an extended harmonic suppression. The coupler’s conventional λ/4 transmission lines (TLs) are replaced by a specialized TL that offers significant size reduction and harmonic elimination capabilities in the proposed approach. The design procedure is verified through the theoretical, circuit, and electromagnetic (EM) analyses,...
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On Design Optimization of Miniaturized Microscrip Dual-Band Rat-Race Coupler with Enhanced Bandwidth
PublicationIn the paper, a novel topology of a miniaturized wideband dual-band rat-race coupler has been presented. Small size of the circuit has been obtained by meandering transmission lines of the conventional circuit. At the same time, the number of independent geometry parameters has been increased in order to secure sufficient circuit flexibility in the context of its design optimization for dual-band operation. Optimum dimensions of...
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Rapid multi-objective design optimization of miniaturized impedance transformer by Pareto front exploration
PublicationFast multi-objective optimization of compact impedance transformer is discussed. A set of alternative designs representing possible trade-offs between conflicting design criteria, i.e., electrical performance (here, wideband matching) and the structure size, is obtained through Pareto front exploration by means of surrogate-assisted methods.
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Miniature reconfigurable antenna
PublicationThis work concerns the design of a miniature, low-profile reconfigurable antenna based on Huygens metamaterial sources for frequency f0 = 2.45 GHz. Two planar Huygens sources were designed consisting of near-field resonators. Sources are excited from a specially designed reconfigurable control system. Thanks to the two PIN diodes, the system can realize two cardioid radiation characteristics with...
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Dual polarization antennas for UHF RFID readers
PublicationThis paper presents various concepts of switching polarization in patch antenna dedicated for UHF RFID readers. Proposed designs allow for switching between linear and circular polarization. The first design does not require electronic switching as the polarization can be changed by choosing one of two available feeding terminals. Two remaining designs use PIN diode or FET SPDT switch.
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Energy efficient beam control for 5G antennas
PublicationThe rapid development of 5G and beyond systems demands improvement in communication speed, latency and safety to maintain the required quality of service. This paper presents an overview of different concepts of energy-efficient antenna systems, which offer beam-shaping and beam-steering functionalities, that enhance connectivity performance and can be used in 5G applications. Different designs for 5.9 GHz, 39 GHz and 60 GHz frequency...