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Search results for: earth and environmenyal sciences
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Investigating the potential influence of biochar and traditional organic amendments on the bioavailability and transfer of Cd in the soil–plant system
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Evaluation of potentially toxic elements’ (PTEs) vertical distribution in sediments of Gafsa–Metlaoui mining basin (Southwestern Tunisia) using geochemical and multivariate statistical analysis approaches
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Groundwater recharge assessment in dry years
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Hydraulic Conditions of Flood Wave Propagation in the Valley of the Narew River after the Siemianówka Dam Overtopping Failure
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono prognozę propagacji fali powodziowej w dolinie rzeki Narwi wywołanej potencjalną przelaniem się wody przez koronę zapory Siemianówka. Do modelowania hydrodynamiki przepływu powodziowego wykorzystano model jednowymiarowy w formie równań de Saint-Venanta. Opisano również mechanizm powstawania rozmycia w ziemnej zaporze zbiornika i przedstawiono model tworzenia się wyrwy w korpusie zapory. Wykonane obliczenia...
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Shallow Water Equations as a Mathematical Model of Whitewater Course Hydrodynamics
PublicationPredicting the positions of local hydraulic phenomena, as well as accurately esti-mating the depth and velocity of the water flow are necessary to correctly config-ure a whitewater canoeing course. Currently, a laboratory and full 3D CFD model-ing are typically used in the design process to meet these needs. The article points to another possibility which can be useful at the preliminary stage of the design. The authors show that...
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The Quality of the Outflow from Conventional WWTPs and Treatment Wetlands
PublicationUntil recently the humic substances were considered to have no negative impact on human health. Therefore elimination of these substances from potable water was only performed due to aesthetic reasons. In the recent years, however, it was found out that humic substances may cause unacceptable smell of water or cumulate toxic substances by complexing metal ions and adsorption of persistent organic pollutants such as pesticides,...
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Storm Water Treatment in TWs
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Domestic Wastewater Treatment
PublicationSSF systems are usually applied at the 2nd stage of domestic wastewater treatment, after mechanical treatment. The number of such installations working at the moment in Europe is estimated to be 100,000. In Germany about 10,000 systems are in operation.
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Landfill Leachate Treatment in Treatment Wetlands
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Dewatering of Sewage Sludge Dewatering in Reed Systems
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Advanced sensitivity analysis of the impact of the temporal distribution and intensity of rainfall on hydrograph parameters in urban catchments
PublicationKnowledge of the variability of the hydrograph of outflow from urban catchments is highly important for measurements and evaluation of the operation of sewer networks. Currently, hydrodynamic models are most frequently used for hydrograph modeling. Since a large number of their parameters have to be identified, there may be problems at the calibration stage. Hence, sensitivity analysis is used to limit the number of parameters....
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Earthquake-Induced Structural Pounding
PublicationEarthquake-induced structural pounding between insufficiently separated build-ings, or bridge segments, has been repeatedly observed during ground motions. The reports after earthquakes indicate that it may lead to some local damage in the case of moderate seismic events or may result in considerable destruction or even collapse of colliding structures during severe ground motions. Pounding in build-ings is usually caused by the...
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Modeling of Ice Passage Through Reservoirs System on the Vistula River
PublicationNumerical model was used to assess ice passage through proposed reservoir on the lower Vistula River. Model results were compared with observation on the Vistula River, but because the dam is not constructed yet, the direct comparison was not possible. The study focused on ice movement and accumulation in the reservoir for variety of low flow condition with and without wind effect. Bridge’s piers in the upper part of the reservoir...
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Numerical Modeling of Water and Ice Dynamics for Analysis of Flow Around the Kiezmark Bridge Piers
PublicationThis paper presents the results of a numerical model study on the effect of ice on the proposed bridge piers in the Vistula River outlet and its effect on flow conditions in the river. The model DynaRICE is used in this study, which is a two-dimensional hydro-ice dynamic numerical model developed for dynamic ice transport and jamming in rivers. To simulate river hydrodynamics in the vicinity of the bridge piers, 2-dimensional numerical...
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An Experimental Investigation of Pressure Wave Celerity During the Transient Slurry Flow
PublicationTransportation of slurries in pressure pipelines is an example of a complex flow due to specific parameters of transported medium. For practitioners, the economy of designing and maintenance is usually the most important factor. For this reason, most of hydrotransport installations are fairly simple; however, they become more vulnerable to negative effects of the transient flow which can occur in pressure pipelines. As the consequence,...
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Microbiological Survey in Two Arctic Fjords: Total Bacterial Number and Biomass Comparison of Hornsund and Kongsfjorden
PublicationTwo microbiological parameters: total bacterial number (TBN) and biomass (BBM) were studied in two Arctic fjords: Hornsund and Kongsfjorden. Samples were collected from three sampling points in each fjord, from various water depth layers: from the surface to 75 m depth. Total bacterial number and biomass were examined using the DAPI staining and direct count method. The greater amount of bacteria, as well as highest bacterial biomass...
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Types of Treatment Wetlands
PublicationThe removal of pollutants in treatment wetland systems is the result of the sorption of biochemical pollutants, redox reactions, and a biological activity of microorganisms as well as hydrophytes plants.
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Characteristics of the Hydrophytes Method
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An advanced tool integrating failure and sensitivity analysis into novel modeling of the stormwater flood volume
PublicationAn innovative tool for modeling the specific flood volume was presented that can be applied to assess the need for stormwater network modernization as well as for advanced flood risk assessment. Field measurements for a catchment area in Kielce, Poland, were used to apply the model and demonstrate its usefulness. This model extends the capability of recently developed statistical and machine learning hydrodynamic models developed...
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Non-linear strain rate analysis of earthquake-induced pounding between steel buildings
PublicationPast and recent earthquakes have shown that ground motions may cause severe structural damage to civil engineering structures. Earthquake-induced pounding between adjacent buildings has been identified as one of the reasons which intensifies damages. The aim of this paper is to show the results of the detailed nonlinear FEM analysis of earthquake-induced pounding between two steel buildings. The elastic – perfectly plastic material...
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Mercury concentrations in Antarctic zooplankton with a focus on the krill species, Euphausia superba
PublicationThe Antarctic is the most isolated region in the world; nevertheless, it has not avoided the negative impact of human activity, including the inflow of toxic mercury (Hg). Hg deposited in the Antarctic marine environment can be bioavailable and accumulate in the food web, reaching elevated concentrations in high-trophic-level biota, especially if methylated. Zooplankton, together with
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Sensitivity of the Baltic Sea level prediction to spatial model resolution
Publicationhe three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the Baltic Sea (M3D) and...
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Mercury in suspended matter of the Gulf of Gdańsk: Origin, distribution and transport at the land–sea interface
PublicationThe coastal regions of inland seas are particularly vulnerable to Hg pollution. An important carrier of toxic Hg in the marine environment is suspended matter originating from multiple sources. The present study was conducted in the Gulf...
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DATA JOURNALS AND DATA PAPERS IN VARIOUS RESEARCH AREAS AND SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES – BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS BASED ON INCITES
PublicationThe main aim of this work is to provide insight into a bibliometric analysis of Data Journals and Data Papers in terms of research areas, disciplines, publication year and country. In particular, we calculated many bibliometric indicators, especially: the number of publications and citations. Furthermore, this work also investigated the top 20 journals in which scientists published the largest number of Data Papers. It was found...
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A method supporting fault-tolerant optical text recognition from video sequences recorded with handheld cameras
PublicationIn the paper a method supporting the optical character recognition from video sequences recorded with cameras without good stabilization is proposed. Due to the presence of various distortions, such as motion blur, shadows, lossy compression artifacts, auto-focusing errors, etc., the quality of individual video frames, e.g., recorded by a smartphone camera, differs noticeably, influencing the results of text recognition, causing...
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The interaction between bacterial abundance and selected pollutants concentration levels in an arctic catchment (southwest Spitsbergen, Svalbard)
PublicationPersistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been a topic of interest in environmental sciences for > 60 years. POPs in the Arctic have been investigated since the 1970s, when first atmospheric measurements revealed the presence of these pollutants in the polar regions. Major contaminant transport routes to the Arctic include atmospheric and oceanic transport, as well as inflow from rivers and sea ice. The sources of pollutants, such...
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Development of optical sciences in Poland
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Earth wires currents calculation by tableau analysis
PublicationThe paper presents a new method to compute a phase-to-earth fault current distribution in overhead transmission line. The method is based on the tableau analysis of an unbalanced, multi-wire model of a transmission line. It allows for the calculation of current distribution in overhead earth wires along the transmission line. Additionally, it may be used to calculate currents in a tower’s earthing system as well as voltages over...
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On Earth as in Universe
PublicationOn Earth as in Universe Ślady zostawione na podobraziu przygotowanym własnoręcznie przez Kazimierza Ostrowskiego. Kilka pociągnięć pędzlem ciemną farbą na odwrocie płótna, tu i ówdzie przyklejone włosy do powierzchni gruntu, kurz nagromadzony przez lata - słowem każdy element artefaktu, który trafił do mnie, był kapsułą czasu sprzed około pięćdziesięciu lat. Jedyne co mogłem zrobić, to wpisać drobiny obecności Kazimierza Ostrowskiego...
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In search of a common ground for the space sciences
PublicationThe paper discusses the relations between various aspects of human activities performed in space, taking into consideration the past, present and future contexts. Interdisciplinarity and integrity of technological issues combined with legal and management issues were emphasized. Consequently, it was recognized that it is necessary to build a network of universities, research-and-development companies and engineering companies....
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Computer-Aided Calculations of Earth Potential Rise in High Voltage Overhead Lines
PublicationHigh voltage overhead power lines with earth wires comprise towers made of conductive material. Some towers are in locations where people can be expected to be either for a long time or for a short time but very frequently. Evaluation of shock hazard near such towers requires calculation of line-to-earth short-circuit current, earth current and especially earth potential rise. Number of towers in high voltage power lines can exceed...
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A sector-an industry? Definitional challenges in economic sciences
Publicationthe aim of our paper is to present definitional challenges that we as scholars and teachers face while attempting to relate to a sector and an industry terms in economic analyses and from strategic management perspective. we employ secondary research and analyse the state of the academic discourse and common usages of the above terms. we argue that for an economic statistician classifications should be consistent and highlight...
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The analysis of the empathy factor in students of medical sciences
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Enthalpies of formation of rare earth niobates, RE3NbO7
PublicationHigh-temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry was used to investigate energetics of a series of rare earth niobates RE3NbO7. All of investigated compounds were found to be stable in enthalpy in respect to their oxides. The enthalpy of formation from oxides becomes more exothermic as the size of the RE cation increases, a trend seen previously in other RE compounds including pyrochlores, perovskites, and phosphates. For smaller...
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Determination of Earth Pressure and Displacement of the Retaining Structure According to the Eurocode 7-1
PublicationComparative analysis of standard guidelines and findings given in EC7-1 and in Polish Standard PN-83/B-03010. Discussed guidelines concerning active and passive earth pressure as well as at rest pressure state. Wall displacement causing limit states of earth pressure and resistance. Interactive assumptions concerning intermediate earth pressure and resistance values. Conclusions and final remarks.
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Thermodynamics of solid phases containing rare earth oxides
PublicationRare earth elements (RE) are incorporated into a large variety of complex oxide phases to provide tailored mechanical, electrical, optical, and magnetic properties. Thermodynamics control phase stability, materials compatibility in use, corrosion, and transformation. This review presents, in one compilation, the thermodynamic properties of a large number of such materials and discusses systematic trends in energetics and the factors...
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Impact of configuration of earth continuity conductor on induced sheath voltages in power cables
PublicationIn high voltage power cable systems a problem of induced sheath voltages exist. Due to these voltages electric shock and damage of non-metallic outer sheath of the cables may occur. Exposure to voltage of the outer sheath may be very high in case of earth fault with high value of earth current. In order to reduce induced sheath voltages an earth continuity conductor (conductors) along power cables is applied. Configuration of this...
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Calculations of Short-Circuit Current Flows in Earth Wires of HV Lines
PublicationThis paper presents a method which enables calculating flows of short-circuit currents in earth wires of high voltage transmission lines, and its implementation in the form of a computer programme. The algorithm enables performing calculations for a double-fed line and starconnected lines (three terminal lines). The developed programme enables verifying dimensioning of earth wires in the context of their short-circuit thermal withstand...
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Disturbances of Earth magnetic field caused by eddy currents of airplane
PublicationThe uniform magnetic field of the Earth in the surrounding of a mobile, metallic object undergoes deformation by eddy currents. The influence of the moving, conducting object on the Earth's total magnetic field depends on the object's shape, position and speed of the changes relative to the magnetic field vector of the Earth, as well as the electric conductivity and the relative magnetic permeability of the material. Disturbances...
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The effect of the motor filters on earth fault current waveform in circuits with variable speed drives
PublicationIn circuits with variable speed drives distorted earth fault current flows. Earth fault current distortion influences the threshold of ventricular fibrillation. This paper presents earth fault current distortion in circuits with variable speed drives when motor filter is used. Two types of motor filter are analyzed. For every type of filter the effect of earth fault current distortion on ventricular fibrillation is evaluated.
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The effect of the motor filters on earth fault current waveform in circuits with variable speed drives
PublicationIn circuits with variable speed drives distorted earth fault current flows. Earth fault current distortion influences the threshold of ventricular fibrillation. This paper presents earth fault current distortion in circuits with variable speed drives when motor filter is used. Two types of motor filter are analyzed. For every type of filter the effect of earth fault current distortion on ventricular fibrillation is evaluated.
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The Research and Development Efficiency of Institutesof the Polish Academy of Sciences and the External Factors Affecting It
PublicationObjective: The aim of the research is to assess the research and development efficiency of the institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS) in 2019 and to identify external factors that have a significant impact on it.Research Design & Methods: A two-stage procedure in the field of DEA methodology was used. In the first stage, the efficiency of PAS institutes was estimated using alternative BCC and SBM models....
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PROCEEDING OF THE SEVENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES
PublicationOdnajdywanie informacji w internecie lub w dużych bazach tekstowychwymaga wiedzy o słowach indeksujących dokumentu.Jednnym z podejść poprawiających jakość i szybkość wyszukiwaniajest zastosowanie klasteryzacji i wizualizacji danych. W artykuleprzedstawione zostało podejście do wyszukiwania informacji winternecie oparte o baze wiedzy o języku. Implementacja takiegokontenera wiedzy zrealizowana została w oparciu o kognitywne teorieorganizacji...
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Nanoparticles: Synthesis, characteristics, and applications in analytical and other sciences
PublicationNanoparticles (NPs) are widely employed in different research areas, ranging from analytical chemistry and environmental science to medicine, the agriculture and pharmaceutical industry. This is mainly due to the unique characteristics of NPs and the novelty they introduce in such applications. In analytical chemistry, the role of NPs can differ depending on the nature of the steps involved in analytical process. NPs are probably...
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RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS DOPING OF BARIUM CERATE AND ZIRCONATE SOLID SOLUTION
PublicationThe properties of doped barium cerate barium zirconate solid solution are presented in presented work. It was found that doping of solid solution of barium cerate and zirconate by rare-earth elements have an influence on microstructure and electrical properties of the samples.
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Improving sensitivity of residual current transformers to high frequency earth fault currents
PublicationFor protection against electric shock in low voltage systems residual current devices are commonly used. However, their proper operation can be interfered when high frequency earth fault current occurs. Serious hazard of electrocution exists then. In order to detect such a current, it is necessary to modify parameters of residual current devices, especially the operating point of their current transformer. The authors proposed...
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Behavior of residual current devices at earth fault currents with DC component
PublicationLow-voltage electrical installations are increasingly saturated with power electronic converters. Due to very high popularity of photovoltaic (PV) installations and the spread of electric vehicles (EV) as well as their charging installations, DC–AC and AC–DC converters are often found in power systems. The transformerless coupling of AC and DC systems via power electronic converters means that an electrical installation containing...
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Diatomaceous earth as a drug-loaded carrier in a glass-ionomer cement
PublicationThe effect of a natural filler (diatomaceous earth [DE], a promising drug-delivery agent) and its content was investigated on the performance of a model glass-ionomer cement (GIC). Three sample series, differing in DE content (0, 2.5 and 5 wt%), were prepared using a commercial GIC as a matrix (3M Ketac Molar Easymix). The resultant surface microhardness and roughness, wear performance, and compressive strength of the samples were...
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Brief Literature Review and Classification System of Reliability Methods for Evaluating the Stability of Earth Slopes
PublicationThe issue of slope stability is one of the most important and yet most difficult geotechnical problems. Assessing slope stability is particularly difficult because of the many uncertainties involved in the process. To take these uncertainties into account, probabilistic methods are used, and the reliability approach is adopted. There are many methods for reliability assessment of earth slope stability. However, there is no system...
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Selected problems of earth fault loop impedance testing in circuits fed from UPS
PublicationIn the paper a principle of earth fault loop impedance testing in low voltage systems has been presented. Selected factors, influencing accuracy of the testing, are indicated. A structure of UPS of VFI-type and the problem of impedance testing in circuits with such type of UPS are discussed.