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Idea miasta-ogrodu w rozwoju współczesnej urbanistyki
PublicationArtykuł prezentuje ideę miasta-ogrodu Ebenezera Howarda, uznawanej za podwaliny współczesnej urbanistyki oraz systemowego i kompleksowego myślenia o rozwoju miast. Wielokrotnie opisywaną koncepcję naszkicowano jako tło powstania najważniejszych manifestów i teorii urbanistycznych XX i XXI wieku. Celem projektu miasta-ogrodu miała być naprawa fatalnej sytuacji miast przemysłowych i panujących w nich bardzo ciężkich warunków życia,...
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Linear revitalization - problems and challenges. Discursive article
PublicationThe aim of the article, defined by the author as discursive, is to give the answer as to whether within ‘revitalization’ we should distinguish the notion of ‘linear revitalization’ – not yet defined in Polish and English-language literature. The author presents the thesis that we should do so by presenting the idea, its specific character and its role. This kind of action seems to have, in the author’s opinion, a positive influence...
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Ocena oddziaływania na krajobraz. Przypadek Rospudy. Cz. I.
PublicationW artykule zaprezentowana została ocena oddziaływania na krajobraz, wykonana przez autorkę w ramach procedury oceny oddziaływania na środowisko obwodnicy Augustowa w 2008 r. Omówiono zakres i etapy studiów krajobrazowych. W szczególności przedstawiono zakres zebranych danych wyjściowych, studiów terenowych, właściwej oceny eksperckiej oraz graficznych wyników badań. Ocena ekspercka objęła analizę uwarunkowań planistycznych, opis...
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Krajobraz w ocenach oddziaływania na środowisko. Przypadek Rospudy
PublicationArtykuł omawia potrzebę i zakres studiów krajobrazowych, które powinny być wykonywane w ramach ocen oddziaływania inwestycji drogowych na środowisko. Szczególnym przypadkiem, na bazie którego zaprezentowano zalecaną metodykę ocen oddziaływania na krajobraz, jest obwodnica Augustowa, najbardziej kontrowersyjna inwestycja drogowa ostatnich lat w Polsce. W ramach raportu o oddziaływaniu na środowisko obwodnicy Augustowa, sporządzonego...
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Strategia ochrony dziedzictwa kulturowego i przyrodniczego rejonu Zalewu Wiślanego na lata 2009-2018
PublicationNiniejsze autorskie opracowanie stanowi pierwszą, wstępną część Strategii ochrony dziedzictwa kulturowego i przyrodniczego rejonu Zalewu Wiślanego na lata 2009-2018. Dotyczy ono głównie oceny stanu istniejącego rejonu Zalewu Wiślanego. Prezentuje zasoby i walory dziedzictwa kulturowego, przyrodniczego i krajobrazu, i związane z nimi szanse oraz dotyczące tych aspektów niedostatki, jak też główne potencjalne zagrożenia. Elementem...
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Ocena oddziaływania na dobra kultury i krajobraz przekopu przez Mierzeję Wiślaną [analiza zagospodarowania przestrzennego
PublicationNiniejsze opracowanie stanowi część raportu o oddziaływaniu na środowisko planowanego przekopu przez Mierzeję Wiślaną. W ocenie oddziaływania na dobra kultury i krajobraz zaprezentowano zasoby i walory dziedzictwa kulturowego i krajobrazu, opis inwestycji pod kątem oddziaływania na dobra kultury i krajobraz oraz związane z planowaną inwestycją potencjalne ich zagrożenia, jak też zalecane środki i działania łagodzące. Rozpatrując...
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Przekop przez Mierzeję Wiślaną - szansą czy zagrożeniem dla rozwoju turystyki?
PublicationArtykuł omawia problemy związane z zagrożeniami krajobrazu Mierzei Wiślanej, a w konsekwencji ze skutkami dla rozwoju turystyki w całym regionie, w związku z planowanym Przekopem przez Mierzeję Wiślaną. Dla udzielenia odpowiedzi na pytania, czy inwestycja jest potrzebna, jakie może wywołać skutki środowiskowe, oraz co z nich wyniknie dla rozwoju turystyki w regionie, wykorzystano procedurę ocen oddziaływania na środowisko - prawny...
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Landscape protection - the challenge for sustainable planning
PublicationGrowing spatial chaos reminds us of the need for systematic, complex approaches related to environmental and landscape issues within different planning, organizational, operational, legal and political activities. It has been proved, that LVIA within EIA plays an important role in the enhancement of the spatial planning system, and that there is a need to use the potential of EIA/LVIA in spatial development and management. But...
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EIA in teaching sustainable development and environmental protection in engineering education
PublicationA multifaceted approach in teaching the environmental impact assessment (EIA) as a way to stress the role of environmental education in technical sciences is the focus of this article. The EIA is an example of an effective tool that supports spatial planning in implementing sustainable development. The aim is to present the idea and benefits of a facilitative and collaborative approach in teaching the EIA, stressing the role of...
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The need for linear revitalization. Gdynia case
PublicationThe aim of the article is to discuss the need of defining and implementation of the linear revitalization - the new approach related to the revitalization processes. The results of the preliminary investigations indicate that this kind of revitalization seems to be an important tool supporting city management and planning, especially in cases of cities fragmentation - causing lack of physical, social, economic and ecological cohesion....
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Small city and a bridge. Landscape perspective
PublicationThe aim of the paper is to present the problems connected with the location of big infrastructure objects; like bridges; in close neighbourhood to the small cities located in valuable environment and landscape; and the ways to minimize the potential threats. The case study of the small town Wyszogrod in central Poland will be presented to illustrate the values of the environment and landscape; which could have been easily destroyed...
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Wielkie inwestycje w kontekście zagrożeń i ochrony krajobrazu
PublicationProblematyka książki jest związana z zagrożeniami dla krajobrazu wywoływanymi realizacją i funkcjonowaniem wielkich inwestycji infrastrukturalnych i przemysłowych oraz sposobami jego ochrony i kształtowania. Książka stanowi podsumowanie badań teoretycznych oraz opracowań studialnych i eksperckich prowadzonych przez lata przez autorkę. W części teoretycznej przeanalizowano potrzebę i możliwości właściwej ochrony i kształtowania...
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Landscape as a Potential Key Concept in Urban Environmental Planning: The Case of Poland
PublicationRapid urban development increases the consumption of materials, energy, and water, resulting in an overproduction of waste and emissions. These cause many environmental threats, such as ozone layer depletion and rain acidification, leading to climate change. Therefore, the question arises on how to improve the effectiveness of tools that strengthen environmental protection. This discursive article presents an approach stressing...
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Biodegradable polymer packaging materials - influence on environment
PublicationAwareness of the waste problem and its impact on the environment has awakened new interest in the area of biodegradable polymers. Biodegradation of various polymers have been studied under diverse environments like in soil, in sewage sludge, in compost conditions and in sea water by different research groups. The aim of this paper is to present the research methods on the biodegradation of the commercially available biodegradable...
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Environmental impact and industrial development of biorenewable resources for polyurethanes
PublicationPolyurethanes are among the most developed types of polymers. They are produced from the three primary components, i.e., polyols, low-molecular-weight glycols used as chain extenders, and diisocyanates. Until recently, all these substrates have been obtained via petrochemical processes. A decrease in petroleum-based resources and new ecological trends in chemistry, chemical technology, and materials engineering have generated increasing...
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Evaluation of Thermal Stresses in Asphalt Layers in Comparison with TSRST Test Results
PublicationThe paper presents the results of calculations and laboratory determination of thermal stresses at low temperatures. The modified Hills and Brien's method was used to calculate the thermal stresses in asphalt layers of pavements and the results were compared against the values obtained at a laboratory with the Thermal Stress Restrained Specimen Test (TSRST) method. The laboratory investigations were conducted using plain grade...
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Lumiere et sante
PublicationLa recherche médicale et scientifique a démontré que notre santé et notre bien-être sont fortement liés la lumière. Les impacts de la lumière sur la santé peuvent être regroupés en trois catégories : – les influences de la lumière naturelle sur le fonctionnement biologique des êtres humains ; – les impacts potentiellement négatifs de l’éclairage artificiel actuel sur la santé ; – l’utilisation de la lumière à des fins thérapeutiques...
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Modification of ASM3 for the determination of biomass adsorption/storage capacity in bulking sludge control
PublicationSystemy osadu czynnego z selektorami (SAS) umożliwiają ograniczenie nadmiernego wzrostu bakterii nitkowatych, które odpowiadają za zjawisko zwanę ''puchnięciem osadu''. Celem tych badań było opracowanie modelu matematycznego opisującego szybkie usuwanie substratu w systemach SAS. W tym celu zmodyfikowano Model Osadu Czynnego nr 3 (ASM3) poprzez dodanie równań opisujących zjawiska adsorpcji i bezpośredniego wzrostu bakterii na zaadsorbowanym...
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Is sequential batch reactor an efficient technology to protect recipient against non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and paracetamol in treated wastewater?
PublicationThe tested facility was a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Swarzewo, where the wastewater treatment takes place in aeration chambers with activated sludge using sequential batch reactors (SBRs). The concentration of the following pharmaceuticals: ibuprofen, paracetamol, flurbiprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, and its metabolites 5OH-diclofenac and 4OH-diclofenac was tested in influents and effluents. Simultaneously, the conventional...
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Safety Integrity Verification Issues of the Control Systems for Industrial Process Plants
PublicationThe aim of this article is to identify and discuss some issues that can be encountered in designing the industrial automation and control systems (IACS) for implementing safety functions. In a functional safety standard IEC 61511 for the process industry such systems are named the basic process control systems (BPCS) and the safety instrumented systems (SIS). In a generic functional safety standard IEC 61508 they are depicted as...
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Study of the electrochemical stability of polypyrrole coating on iron in sodium salicylate aqueous solution
PublicationIn this work electrochemical stability of optimized PPy film on iron in aqueous solution of sodium salicylate is studied. The main drawback of conducting polymers is their possibility to undergo an irreversible degradation (overoxidation). The overoxidized polymers lose their properties, for example, conductivity and redox activity, what excludes them from some practical applications. This study demonstrates that lowering the concentration...
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Materiały stosowane do wytwarzania implantów kości
PublicationMateriały stosowane do wytwarzania implantów kostnych muszą być biokompatybilne, nietoksyczne, bioaktywne oraz wykazywać odpowiednie właściwości mechaniczne, takie jak wytrzymałość na ściskanie, na zginanie oraz sztywność i twardość. Gama stosowanych materiałów jest bardzo szeroka, obejmuje metale, polimery, ceramikę oraz ich kompozyty. Każdy z tych materiałów ma swoje mocne i słabe strony. Praca stanowi przegląd materiałów stosowanych...
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Functionalized polyolefins, synthesis application and industrial relevance
PublicationPolymers play a key role in our modern life full of technical advances and a continuous request for new materials with tailored properties for a low price. Their excellent mechanical properties, good processability, chemical stability and low price make polyolefins the polymers of choice for most commodity and some more specialized applications. As a result, polyolefins account for over 65% of the total world demand of plastic...
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Methylene Blue Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging in Breast Cancer Sentinel Node Biopsy
PublicationIntroduction: Fluorescence-based navigation for breast cancer sentinel node biopsy is a novel method that uses indocyanine green as a fluorophore. However, methylene blue (MB) also has some fluorescent properties. This study is the first in a clinical series presenting the possible use of MB as a fluorescent dye for the identification of sentinel nodes in breast sentinel node biopsy. Material and methods: Forty-nine patients with...
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Measurement of Seafloor Acoustic Backscatter Angular Dependence at 150 kHz Using a Multibeam Echosounder
PublicationAcoustic seafloor measurements with multibeam echosounders (MBESs) are currently often used for submarine habitat mapping, but the MBESs are usually not acoustically calibrated for backscattering strength (BBS) and cannot be used to infer absolute seafloor angular dependence. We present a study outlining the calibration and showing absolute backscattering strength values measured at a frequency of 150 kHz at around 10–20 m water...
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Diamond-Based Supercapacitors with Ultrahigh Cyclic Stability Through Dual-Phase MnO2-Graphitic Transformation Induced by High-Dose Mn-Ion Implantation
PublicationWhile occasionally being able to charge and dischargemore quickly than batteries, carbon-based electrochemical supercapacitors(SCs) are nevertheless limited by their simplicity of processing, adjustableporosity, and lack of electrocatalytic active sites for a range of redox reactions.Even SCs based on the most stable form of carbon (sp3carbon/diamond)have a poor energy density and inadequate capacitance retention during longcharge/discharge...
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Electrochemically Induced Synthesis of Triphenylamine-based Polyhydrazones
PublicationTriphenylamine-based hydrazones were subjected to electropolymerization process that gave well conductive hydrazone based polymers. The first example of polyhydrazone formation during the electrochemical process was shown. The estimation of polymer structure was demonstrated using IR spectroelectrochemistry. The EPR spectroelectrochemistry allowed to explain why in some cases dimer couldn’t be formed. The results of electrochemical,...
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Surrogate Modeling and Optimization Using Shape-Preserving Response Prediction: A Review
PublicationComputer simulation models are ubiquitous in modern engineering design. In many cases, they are the only way to evaluate a given design with sufficient fidelity. Unfortunately, an added computa-tional expense is associated with higher fidelity models. Moreover, the systems being considered are often highly nonlinear and may feature a large number of designable parameters. Therefore, it may be impractical to solve the design problem...
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Current issues of functional safety and cybersecurity analysis of the industrial and critical infrastructures
PublicationThis article addresses some functional safety assessment procedures with cybersecurity aspects in critical industrial installations with regard to the functional safety requirements specified in standards IEC 61508 and IEC 61511. The functional safety management includes hazard identification, risk analysis and assessment, specification of overall safety requirements and definition of safety functions. Based on the risk assessment...
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Implicit Space Mapping for Variable-Fidelity EM-Driven Design of Compact Circuits
PublicationSpace mapping (SM) belongs to the most successful surrogate-based optimization (SBO) methods in microwave engineering. Among available SM variations, implicit SM (ISM) is particularly attractive due to its simplicity and separation of extractable surrogate model parameters and design variables of the circuit/system at hand. Unlike other SM approaches, ISM exploits a set of preassigned parameters to align the surrogate with the...
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Adaptive stochastic and hybrid nonlinear optimization algorithms for improving the effectiveness of the biological processes at WWTP
PublicationWastewater treatment plays an important factor in the modern world. Insufficient treatment may result in environmental pollution which can further lead to disasters and diseases. However, processes that take place inside wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) are highly complex in nature, therefore it is difficult to design an efficient, optimal control system. The problem regarding biochemical reactions inside Sequential Batch Reactor...
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Evaluation and start-up of an electro-Fenton-sequencing batch reactor for dairy wastewater treatment
PublicationThis study examined the performance of an integrated wastewater (WW) treatment system, namely an electro-Fenton (EF)-sequencing batch reactor (SBR), for dairy industry WW. The EF process was used as the first stage of the SBR. It degrades bio-refractory compounds via advanced oxidation processes, thereby resulting in the formation of simple biodegradable intermediates. Several factors, including the hydraulic retention time (HRT),...
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Comparison of calculated and measured thermal stresses in asphalt concrete
PublicationThe paper presents the comparison of calculated and measured thermal stresses induced in restrained asphalt concrete specimens by cooling. Thermal stresses were measured in the Thermal Stress Restrained Specimen Test. The calculations of thermal stresses were performed with the use of a theoretical formula based on the temperature dependent stiffness modulus. The novel approach applied in this paper was that the stiffness modulus...
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Evaluation of apparent Young׳s modulus of the composite polymer layers used as sliding surfaces in hydrodynamic thrust bearings
PublicationHydrodynamic bearings with a polymer sliding layer are able to operate in severe conditions, mainly due to favorable properties of the polymers. The goal of this research was to evaluate apparent Young׳s modulus of two types of the polymer composite layers used for sliding surfaces in hydrodynamic bearings, as a function of temperature. The Young׳s modulus was evaluated on the basis of compression tests carried out on samples obtained...
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Application of multistage treatment wetlands as a buffer for effluent from Anammox treatment for reject water from centrifugation
PublicationAccording to the newest knowledge concerning TW technology multistage treatment wetland could be easily applied for ensuring stable and low concentration of biogenic compounds form the effluent of SBR reactor (with nitritation/annamox process) for treatment of digested sludge dewatering in side stream. The working condition and optimising of such MTW will be the issue of carried out investigation.
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Polymer Modified Bitumen
PublicationIn this paper we present the benefits of using polymers as an asphalt modifiers, especially the low molecular weight reactive compounds, which are capable of forming an polymer network with bitumen "in situ" in the process of its modification.
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Multibaem Sonar Records Data Decimation Using Hierarchical Spline Interpolation
PublicationMultibeam sonar records feature high vertical and horizontal resolution. Interpolating and approximating, eventually displaying of of high volume scattered 3D raster data leads to some difficulties related to a computer processing power. The paper presents some advantages of using hierarchical splines in the context. Such an approach facilitates real time 3D MBS data rendering.
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Analiza porównawcza zmierzonych wartości opóźnienia hamowania samochodu osobowego ze sprawnym i uszkodzonym układem hamulcowym
PublicationPrzeprowadzono szereg prób ekstremalnego hamowania samochodu osobowego ze sprawnym i uszkodzonym układem hamulcowym oraz z działającym i niedziałającym układem ABS. Próby przeprowadzono przy prostoliniowym torze jazdy na płycie poślizgowej Autodromu Pomorze. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki osiągniętych wartości średniego, pełnego opóźnienia hamowania.
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A Probe into the Corrosion Behavior of a WE43B Magnesium Alloy in a Simulated Body Fluid using Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
PublicationWE43B is one of the newest Mg alloys with practical application in biomedical implant technology. This work attempts to scrutinize the corrosion characteristics of WE43B alloy in a simulated body fluid (SBF) at a typical body temperature. The dynamic-electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with the capacity to track changes on surfaces in a dynamic corrosive system is used in combination with other classical techniques namely, linear...
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Komputerowe wspomaganie procesu zarządzania bezpieczeństwem funkcjonalnym
PublicationW niniejszym rozdziale przedstawiono oprogramowanie ProSIL wspomagające zarządzanie bezpieczeństwem funkcjonalnym. Program ProSIL składa się z dwóch modułów wspomagających: określenie wymaganego poziomu SIL (moduł ProSILen) oraz weryfikację SIL (moduł ProSILer). W aplikacji ProSIL zaimplementowano opracowaną w trakcie badań metodykę analizy bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego w projektowaniu i użytkowaniu systemów SIS zgodnie z wymaganiami...
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Reduction of vibrations of steel structure models with Polymeric Bearings - experimental study
PublicationEarthquake-induced ground motions are the most severe and unpredictable threats to the structures all around the world. Therefore, designing earthquake protective systems has become an extremely challenging problem in civil engineering. Base isolation is one of the most popular and widely adopted methods of protecting structures against earthquake forces. The present paper reports the results obtained from the shaking table experimental...
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WERYFIKACJA POZIOMÓW NIENARUSZALNOŚCI BEZPIECZEŃSTWA Z UWZGLĘDNIENIEM ASPEKTÓW OCHRONY INFORMACJI
PublicationPoszczególnym poziomom SIL projektowanego systemu elektrycznego/elektronicznego/programowalnego elektr onicznego E/E/PE (BPCS lub SIS) odpowiadają ilościowe kryteria probabilistyczne. Dowód spełnienia przez system zabezpieczeń wymagań SIL nazywa się weryfikacją. Model probabilistyczny dowolnego systemu zabezpieczeń SIS można przedstawić za pomocą schematów blokowych niezawodności RBD, grafów Markowa, równań uproszczonych oraz drzew niezdatności...
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Procedure based proactive functional safety management for the risk mitigation of hazardous events in the oil port installations including insurance aspects
PublicationThis article addresses selected technical and organization aspects of risk mitigation in the oil port installations with regard to functional safety requirements specified in standards IEC 61508 and IEC 61511. The procedure for functional safety management includes the hazard identification, risk analysis and assessment, specification of overall safety requirements and definition of safety functions. Based on risk assessment results...
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Ethylcellulose in Organic Solution or Aqueous Dispersion Form in Designing Taste-Masked Microparticles by the Spray Drying Technique with a Model Bitter Drug: Rupatadine Fumarate
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Preparation of Komagataeibacter xylinus Inoculum for Bacterial Cellulose Biosynthesis Using Magnetically Assisted External-Loop Airlift Bioreactor
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Water Behavior of Emulsions Stabilized by Modified Potato Starch
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Molecular Analysis of Retrogradation of Corn Starches
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Starch as a Green Binder for the Formulation of Conducting Glue in Supercapacitors
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Physical Effects of Radiation Modification of Biodegradable Xylitol-Based Materials Synthesized Using a Combination of Different Monomers
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Effect of E-Beam Irradiation on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Ester Elastomers Containing Multifunctional Alcohols
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