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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: SEWAGE FLOW
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Measurement techniques for assessing the olfactory impact of municipal sewage treatment plants
PublikacjaThe study presents information about the measurement techniques used for the assessment of air quality in terms of the olfactory intensity resulting from the operation of municipal sewage treatment plants. Advantages and disadvantages of the measurement techniques used are presented. Sources of malodourous substance emission from sewage treatment plants were described, and the malodourous substances emitted were characterised....
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Sewage sludge co-pyrolysis with agricultural/forest residues: A comparative life-cycle assessment
PublikacjaThis study aims to determine the sustainability and energy efficiency of co-pyrolysis scenarios as treatment processes for municipal sewage sludge through a life cycle assessment (LCA). In addition, sensitivity and energy recovery analyses are conducted to determine the possible methods for optimizing the co-pyrolysis process from a circular bioeconomy perspective. Corncob and wood residue have been selected as potential co-feed...
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The quality of sewage sludge stabilized for a long time in reed basins
PublikacjaThe aim of the work was to determine changes of long-term sewage sludge quality stabilized in reed basins from 7-15 years. The following parameters were evaluated: dry matter and organic matter concentration, nitrogen, phosphorus, and selected heavy metal (Cd, Ni, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn) fractions. The material for the investigations was collected from 4 reed basin systems (utilisated sewage sludge) located in conventional WWTPs in Denmark...
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The newest researches and applications of treatment wetlands in sewage sludge management
PublikacjaIn the paper the newest researches and applications of treatment wetlands conducted by re-searchers of Civil and Environmental Faculty are presented. Among others it was proved that this technology could be successfully implemented for highly polluted wastewater treatment. Within the research project two multistage treatment wetlands, one for landfill leachate and the second for reject water from digested sewage sludge centrifugation,...
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Migration of trace elements and radioisotopes to various fractions of solid wastes generated as a result of the sewage sludge incineration process
PublikacjaThe research was aimed at providing new knowledge in the field of chemical characteristics of solid waste generated in the process of combustion of sewage sludge in fluidized bed furnaces. The research material consisted of disposed fluidized beds (DFB), sewage sludge ash (SSA) and air pollution control residues (APC) from three Polish installations for the thermal treatment of sewage sludge. Natural radionuclides as well as anthropogenic...
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30 years of treatment wetland application in poland- progress and reserch
PublikacjaThe experiences with design and operation of constructed wetlands in the Pommerania region during last 30 years followed by carried out investigations of treatment processes lead to the following conclusions:First applications of constructed wetlands for biological sewage treatment were made in 1984-92. The later implementations of multi-stage constructed wetlands in the individual household and local scale enable wastewater treatment...
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Manufacturing of Lightweight Aggregates as an Auspicious Method of Sewage Sludge Utilization
Publikacja: Sewage sludge is a high-volume and low-cost waste commonly generated worldwide, so its utilization is a vital issue. The application of this waste in the manufacturing of lightweight aggregates was investigated. The process was performed using intensive mixers with volumes of 5 and 30 L, as well as the industrial 500 L mixer. Then, granulates were sintered in a tube furnace. The influence of composition and mixer size on the...
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Influence of Cement Replacement with Sewage Sludge Ash (SSA) on the Heat of Hydration of Cement Mortar
PublikacjaThe amount of fly ash from the incineration of sewage sludge is increasing all over the world, and its utilization is becoming a serious environmental problem. In the study, a type of sewage sludge ash (SSA) collected directly from the municipal sewage treatment plant was used. Five levels of cement replacement (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 20%) and unchanged water-to-binder (w/b) ratio (0.55) were used. The purpose of the study was...
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Polish experience in operation of sludge treatment reed beds
PublikacjaSludge Treatment Reed Beds (STRBs) is the technology of sludge treatment, which is based on natural processes occurring in the environment, in specially designed and operated facilities to achieve benefits for the environment. Integrated dewatering and stabilization occur in reed systems. For economic and environmental reasons it is an attractive solution, especially in rural areas where there are no appropriate facilities. In...
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Determination of metal content in sewage sludge and sewage sludge ash to find opportunities to use them in the construction industry
PublikacjaSewage sludge management is becoming an increasing problem in developed and developing countries. Due to their physicochemical properties (mainly high content of heavy metals) a safe method of utilization is sought. Considering environmental protection, energy recycling, reduction in use of the raw materials and the possibility of immobilization hazardous substances, the use of ashes in building materials becomes a very good way...
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The speciation of selected heavy metals in sewage sludge stabilized in reed basins
PublikacjaThe aim of the work was to determine influence of time on organic matter content, nutrients concentrations as well as speciation of selected heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu and Zn) in sewage sludge stabilized in reed basins during 7-15 years. The analyzed sewage sludge was collected from reed basins from four municipal WWTPs located in Denmark serving from 9 000 to 40 000 pe in Vallo, Rudkøbing, Nakskov and Helsinge. Sewage...
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Potential fertilizing properties of sewage sludge treated in the Sludge Treatment Reed Beds (STRB)
PublikacjaIn research the fertilizer value of sludge from reed beds is evaluated based on the sampling sludge on different depths from 4 Danish STRB after long periods of stabilization. The dewatering efficiency of sewage sludge in the STRB is comparable to mechanical dewatering. The long-term stabilization of sewage sludge progressively decreases the concentration of organic matter due to the process of humification. The aim of the work...
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Stabilization of Solid Residues Obtained During Sewage Sludge Thermal Treatment
PublikacjaCurrently wastewater treatment plants are still dealing with the problem of ecological management of sewage sludge. Nowadays, thermal utilization is considered the most eco-friendly way of processing excess sludge. However, during mentioned process, fractions of ashes and dusts are generated. Such wastes, especially dusts fraction, can be potentially harmful for the environment and wastes should be stabilized before further management....
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Influence of sludge treatment processes on heavy metal speciation
PublikacjaSludge composition is depending on sewage quality and also affected by processing methods such as thickening, stabilization and dewatering. During those processes some of sludge's undesirable properties might be reduced or enhanced.The objective of the study is the assessment of the influence of sludge processing on selected heavy metals partitioning between phases (aqueous and particle) and sludge. Sludge from the WWTP in Gdansk...
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Integrated dewatering and stabilization system as an environmentally friendly technology in sewage sludge management in Poland
PublikacjaSludge treatment reed beds (STRBs) are an environmentally friendly technology which provides integrated dewatering and stabilization of sewage sludge. STRBs do not require the use of chemicals to improve the dewatering process. STRB is both, a low-emission and a low-energy-consuming method. After the stabilization process, sludge is characterized by the chemical composition similar to that of humus. The aim of the paper is to present...
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The legal regulations of sewage sludge management
PublikacjaThe growing quantity of sludge, high costs of the altered version, as well as new legal adjustments needs more and more higher qualitative requirements, the necessity of search in sludge economy and new solutions. The paper contributes to the discusion about legal ways of sewage sludge managemant.
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FEM simulations applied to the failure analysis of RC structure under the influence of municipal sewage pressure
PublikacjaThe paper discusses a failure mechanism of reinforced concrete (RC) structure with steel cover that failed under the influence of municipal sewage pressure. To explain the reasons of failure, in-situ measurements, laboratory experiments and comprehensive Finite Element Method (FEM) computations were performed. Non-destructive in-situ scanning tests were carried out to determine quantity and cover thickness of embedded reinforcement...
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Elementary analysis and energetic potential of the sludge from the Gdynia Dębogórze and Lębork wastewater treatment plants
PublikacjaThe paper aims to show the results of the elementary analysis of the sewage sludges from wastewater treatment plants in Gdynia Dębogórze and Lębork as well as measurements of the heat of combustion and the calculated calorific values according to regulation PN-93/Z-15008, taking into account water content and the composition of sewage sludge at different utilisation stages. The results presented in this paper are based on the analysis...
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Present state and future of wetland technology in environmental protection in Poland
Publikacja: Polish experience with implementation and operation of constructed wetland systems are presented. Wetland technology can be applied for the removal of contaminants from aerial sources, point sources and for utilization of sewage sludge.From 1994-2002 monitoring of three different facilities for water protection was carried out. Substantial im-provement of water quality after implementation of the facilities was observed.From...
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Model of aeration system at biological wastewater treatment plant for control design purposes
PublikacjaThe wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is a dynamic, very complex system, in which the most important control parameter is the dissolved oxygen (DO) con-centration. The air is supplied to biological WWTP by the aeration system. Aera-tion is an important and expensive activity in WWTP. The aeration of sewage ful-fils a twofold role. Firstly, oxygen is provided as the main component for biolog-ical processes. Secondly, it supports...
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Negative carbon dioxide gas power plant integrated with gasification of sewage sludge
PublikacjaOne of the primary objectives of the negative carbon dioxide gas power plant (nCO2PP) is to develop an innovative technology confirming the possibility of the use of sewage sludge to produce electricity while having a positive impact on the environment. In this paper, a mathematical model is presented to estimate thermodynamic parameters of the system in relation to the gasification process and changes in such parameters in the...
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Removal of selected sulfonamides and sulfonamide resistance genes from wastewater in full-scale constructed wetlands
PublikacjaSulfonamides are high-consumption antibiotics that reach the aquatic environment. The threat related to their presence in wastewater and the environment is not only associated with their antibacterial properties, but also with risk of the spread of drug resistance in bacteria. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of eight commonly used sulfonamides, sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1–3) and integrase genes...
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The role of SSVF and SSHF beds in concentrated wastewater treatment, design recommendation
PublikacjaThe return flows of reject water from sewage sludge dewatering alter the activated sludgeprocess in a conventional WWTP and increas TN concentration in final effluent from WWTPs.The objectives of the investigation carried out is to consider the application of sequential SS VFbeds and an SS HF bed for the treatment of highly polluted wastewater, namely reject waterfrom sewage sludge dewatering in a centrifuge (RWC). This paper aims...
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Comprehensive stabilization of all streams of solid residues formed during sewage sludge thermal treatment – Case study
PublikacjaModern wastewater treatment plants are currently struggling with the problem of processing and ecological management of sewage sludge. Thermal utilization is a frequently used practice of excess sludge utilization especially in large wastewater treatment plants, which seems to be a quite promising concept. However, during thermal treatment, fractions of ashes and dusts are generated. Such wastes, especially the dust fraction, can...
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Integrated model for the fast assessment of flood volume: Modelling – management, uncertainty and sensitivity analysis
PublikacjaThe specific flood volume is an important criterion for assessing the performance of sewage networks. It has been shown that its value is greatly influenced by the layout of the sewers in the catchment area, which is usually expressed by a fractal dimension. Currently, only mechanistic models (such as SWMM) enable the determination of the impact of the layout of the sewers on flooding volume, but they require additional and robust...
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Toxicity of ionic liquid cations and anions towards activated sewage sludge organisms from different sources – Consequences for biodegradation testing and wastewater treatment plant operation
PublikacjaIonic liquids (ILs) have attracted great interest in academia and industry during the last decade. So far, several ILs have been used in technological processes, from small scale to industrial applications, which makes it more and more likely that they will be released into the environment. Researches have been actively studying the environmental and toxicological bevaviour of ILs, but their influence on the activated sewage sludge...
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Treated wasetewater as a source of humic substances in surface waters
PublikacjaHumic substances impose substantial effect on the aquatic environment as well as the water organisms and human health. Among other features, the humic acids determine organoleptic properties of surface waters. Therefore explanation of the origin and properties of humic acids in surface waters is one of the priorities of water technology.Recently it was pointed out that in the wastewater treatment process organic compounds characterized...
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Double-stage ORC system based on various temperature waste heat sources of the negative CO2 power plant
PublikacjaAnalysed is the modification of the thermodynamic cycle with the negative CO2 power plant concept by its combination with the organic Rankine cycle. The analysed power plant operates on a gas produced from the gasification of sewage sludge. The negative emission term comes from the aggregated CO2 balance resulting from the capture of the CO2, while the sewage sludge is one of the inevitable environmental sources of CO2 to be avoided....
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Thermodynamic, ecological, and economic analysis of negative CO2 emission power plant using gasified sewage sludge
PublikacjaCurrently, sewage sludge is considered as a biomass, according to the Polish act on renewable energy sources from 20th of February 2015 and its novel version from 19th of July 2019. Possibility to utilize sewage sludge in gasification process is an additional advantage of the negative CO2 emissions power plant (nCO2PP). The work presents results of thermodynamic, ecological, and economical analysis using a zero-dimensional mathematical...
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The effect of agro-waste co-digestion and sludge disposal on carbon footprint in municipal wastewater treatment plants
PublikacjaThe study presents analysis of the carbon footprint (CF) in 6 wastewater treatment plants in northern Poland with a special focus on the effect of co digestion of sewage sludge and food waste. Although co-digestion increases the on-site energy production, but it has a negative effect on the total CF. To overcome the negative effect, several sludge disposal scenarios were analysed and their effect on the CF reduction was determined....
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Particle size analysis of suspensions in removing of organic matter and phosphorus from waste water and surface water
PublikacjaIn this paper the particle size of suspended solids in the removing of organic matter and phosphorus compounds from lake- and waste- water treated in the Ecological Treatment Systems (ETS) was analyzed.The invesigated materials were taken from two ETS located in Pomerania Region/Poland. Object in Swarzewo is 3rd stage of biological treatment of municipal waste water, while object in Kartuzy has task to remove a phosphorus from...
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Ciliated protozoa in the impact zone of the Uzhgorod treatment plant
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of studies on the Uzh River (Ukraine, Zakarpattia Oblast) near the effluent point of a sewage treatment plant in Uzhgorod. The samples were taken at various sites of the treatment plant along the stages of purification process, as well as in the river, at a number of different points above and below the wastewater discharge. At each of these objects, the temperature...
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Differences between selected volatile aromatic compound concentrations in sludge samples in various steps of wastewater treatment plant operations
PublikacjaSewage sludge, one of the main wastes generated during wastewater treatment, constitutes an important source of emissions of volatile chemical compounds such as volatile aromatic compounds These substances may undergo various changes as a result of operations and unit processes, which affects their concentrations in sewage sludge. An important factor determining the potential hazardousness of volatile organic compounds is the quality...
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Challenges and opportunities related to the use of sewage sludge ash in cement-based building materials – A review
PublikacjaDue to the increasingly demanding legal regulations, regarding both sewage sludge (SS) and solid residues obtained during its thermal utilization processes, new solutions to limit their negative impact on the environment are sought. One approach that eliminates the risk of sewage sludge ash (SSA) is its use in cement building materials. The article contains a detailed literature review regarding the use of SSA in mortars and concretes,...
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Structural Adaptive, Self-Separating Material for Removing Ibuprofen from Waters and Sewage
Publikacja-cyclodextrin nanosponge (CDM) was used for the adsorption of ibuprofen (IBU) from water and sewage. The obtained material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Barrett– Joyner–Halenda (BJH), Harkins and Jura t-Plot, zeta potential, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and elementary analysis (EA)....
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Treatment Wetlands in Rural Areas of Poland for Baltic Sea Protection
PublikacjaWater and wastewater management, especially in rural areas, greatly affects loads of nutrients discharged to the Baltic Sea. In Poland, this management is unbalanced because of the dispersed development and in many locations construction of sewerage system is uneconomic or even impossible. For this reason, a significant part of sewage from single-family houses in rural areas must be discharged into domestic sewage systems. The...
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Phosphorus concentration and availability in raw organic waste and post fermentation products
PublikacjaThe aim of the study was to determine the mobility of phosphorus forms in raw organic waste and from the solid and liquid fractions of digestate. To achieve the purpose of this study, the components (including livestock manure, agricultural waste, food waste, sewage sludge) and their post fermentation products were considered. Subsequently, the effect of the fermentation process on the mobility of phosphorus forms in post-fermentation fractions...
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Biochemical assays of intensified methane content in biogas from low-temperature processing of waste activated sludge
PublikacjaAnaerobic digestion (AD) is implemented as an important ‘waste to energy’ approach for converting organic-rich byproducts such as sewage sludge into biogas and nutrient-rich digestate. Sewage sludge consists of primary sludge and waste activated sludge (WAS), and low biodegradability of WAS limits methane production. This study presents the influence of the low-temperature pretreatment (LT-PT) of WAS on the efficiency of AD. Different...
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Biodegradable polymer packaging materials - influence on environment
PublikacjaAwareness of the waste problem and its impact on the environment has awakened new interest in the area of biodegradable polymers. Biodegradation of various polymers have been studied under diverse environments like in soil, in sewage sludge, in compost conditions and in sea water by different research groups. The aim of this paper is to present the research methods on the biodegradation of the commercially available biodegradable...
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Hybrid constructed wetlands for the National Parks in Poland - a case study, requirements, dimensioning, preliminary results
PublikacjaWater and wastewater management, especially in rural areas, greatly affects loads of nutrients discharged to the Baltic Sea. In Poland, this management is unbalanced because of the dispersed development and in many locations con struction of sewerage system is uneconomic or even impossible. For this reason, a significant part of sewage from single-family houses in rural areas must be discharged into domestic sewage systems. The...
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The role of the sawage treatment plant in the removal of genotoxic compounds from the environment
PublikacjaOne reason for increased incidence of various types of cancer are environmental pollutants particularly of anthropogenic origin. All human activities may pollute the environment, but some have significant impact, just to mention energy industry, mining, transportation, chemical and petrochemical industries and housing. Environmental pollutants are a large group of compounds in terms of their physicochemical properties, some of...
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Monitoring strategy for industrially contaminated rivers - A study of all year round behaviour of Klodnica river catchment, upper Silesia, Poland
PublikacjaThe study was undertaken to thoroughly characterise the contamination of water in industrially influenced river Klodnica, in order to explore monitoring strategies in case of limited analytical capacity. Statistical analysis undertaken after a short study was found to be helpful in reducing monitoring efforts in the future.Klodnica river is located within area of dominating coal mining, metallurgy, and additionally being influenced...
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Operation of reed systems used to stabilization of sewage sludge
PublikacjaThe aim of this research was to determine the parameters of property operation of reed systems. It was also checked the possibility to use sludge in agriculture for the sake of heavy metal concentrations.The research was conducted in four Danish objects utilized sludge located in Helsinge, Vallo, Rudkobing and Nakskov near Copenhagen.It was found that correct operation of reed basins requires the determination of optimal doses...
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From the pills to environment – Prediction and tracking of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug concentrations in wastewater
PublikacjaThe extend of environment pollution by pharmaceuticals is in a stage that required more automatic and integrated solutions. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most popular pharmaceutical in the world and emerging pollutants of natural waters. The aim of the paper was to check the correlation of the sales data of selected NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac) and their concentration in the WWTP...
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Organic matter removal efficiency in treatment wetlands simulation by COD fractions
PublikacjaThe objective of this paper was to investigate the organic fraction (colloidal, particulate, and dissolved) in sewage treatment in treatment wetland. Performance of TWs was simulated well with a simple first order model k – C* based on monitoring data. In this investigation background or residual concentration (C*) was assumed to be equal concentration of input influent organic matter in particulate (CODp). Calculated reaction...
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Spatial distribution of pharmaceuticals in conventional wastewater treatment plant with Sludge Treatment Reed Beds technology
PublikacjaPharmaceutical residues are an emerging environmental problem. It is strongly confirmed that pharmaceuticals are present in soils and environmental waters (surface, marine and even groundwater), and that wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents are the main source of pharmaceuticals in the watershed. The aim of this studywas to recognize the spatial distribution and seasonal changes of selected pharmaceuticals in conventional WWTP...
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Modelling of Different Aeration Modes Influencing Processes in SBR Bioreactor
PublikacjaCurrently, computer modelling together with the simulation tools tailored for that purpose constitute a very important element in planning technological changes within wastewater treatment plant. From the point of view of the WWTP operator every modification should be introduced in order to improve the quality of treated sewage with the lowest financial outlays. These requirements can be met by using computer programmes to effectuate...
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Application of Electronic Nose to Ambient Air Quality Evaluation With Respect to Odour Nuisance in Vicinity of Municipal Landfills and Sewage Treatment
PublikacjaThis chapter contains information about application of the electronic nose type instruments to evaluation of ambient air odour quality connected with such sectors of human activity as municipal landfills or sewage treatment plants. The authors present potential sources of emission from these sectors, characterize the chemical compounds responsible for presence of unpleasant odours, describe the influence of those compounds on human...
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Sewage gardens - constructed wetlands for single family households
PublikacjaDuring the last 30 years the increase of interest in low-cost decentralized and small wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is observed in Europe. For this purpose sand filters, stabilization ponds, mini reactors with activated sludge, trickling filters and treatment wetlands are used. Among the listed facilities treatment wetlands (TWs) offer effective and reliable treatment efficiency, being at the same time low-cost and simple...
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Influence of Wastewater Treatment Technology on Particle Size Distribution in the Effluent
PublikacjaSuspended solids in water and wastewater usually carry quite a large load of pollutants (organic substances, nutrients, heavy metals, etc.) adsorbed on the particles surface. Particles of different sizes carry different types and quantities of pollutants. Therefore, particle size distribution is of importance in waster and wastewater treatment. In the article the influence of different treatment technologies on particle size distribution...