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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: ENERGY ACCUMULATORS, PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES, CAR TYRE RECYCLING, SUPERCAPACITORS, RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES, HEAT EXCHANGE, MATERIAL RECYCLING, WASTE HEAT, RECYCLING OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS AND MODULES, PHASE-CHANGE MATERIALS
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Storing energy from renewable sources
PublikacjaOmówiono metody, urządzenia i sposoby magazynowania energii mechanicznej, elektrycznej, cieplnej i chemicznej z uwzględnieniem energii ze źródeł odnawialnych.
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Examples of renewable and waste energy sources utilisation in municipal sewage treatment plants.
PublikacjaTematem pracy jest problem zaopatrzenia miejskich oczysczalni ścieków w energię elektryczną i cieplną. przedstawiono dwie polskie oczyszczalnie scieków: w Żywcu i Grudziądzu jako przykłądy zastosowania odnawialnych i odpadowych źródeł energii. Zamieszczone zostały informacje na temat ilości produkowanego biogazu, źródeł energii, systemów zaopatrzenia w ciepło, w tym agregatów kogeneracyjnych i pomp ciepła. Sformułowano wnioski...
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The Issue of Shading Photovoltaic Installation Caused by Dust Accumulation on the Glass Surface
PublikacjaThe issue of accumulation of dust and other pollutants on the surface of photovoltaic modules was thoroughly analysed over the years. One of the first surveys in this field of knowledge linked pollutant accumulation on the module surface with transmittance loss of its glass covering, which leads to lessened amount of solar radiation reaching solar cells. First stage of this accumulation process is linear transparency loss, and second...
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MARKAL LONG-TERM POWER GENERATION SCENARIOS FOR POLAND: INCREASING THE SHARE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES BY 2040
PublikacjaIn this paper, renewable energy sources (RES) support mechanisms in Poland was presented with perspectives of proposed support system modifications, discussed in the project of Renewable Energy Act. In addition, MARKAL model of RES support mechanism was presented, taking into account technology-specific multiplication factors. Two model runs with emission trading system in place and two additional runs without emission trade were...
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Obróbka chemiczna krzemowych ogniw słonecznych jako najważniejszy etap w recyklingu modułów fotowoltaicznych = Chemical treatment of the crystalline silicon solar cells as the main stage of PV modules recycling
PublikacjaZaproponowano metodę zagospodarowania krzemowych ogniw fotowoltaicznych, wycofanych z użycia. Dla ogniw PV z krystalicznego krzemu prowadzono następujące po sobie procesy usuwania: powłok metalicznych, warstwy antyrefleksyjnej i złącza n-p przez wytrawianie. Skład roztworów trawiących dostosowywano do różnych rodzajów ogniw krzemowych. W celu opracowania uniwersalnej kąpieli trawiącej konieczne jest wprowadzanie pewnych modyfikacji...
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Design and experimental investigations of a cylindrical microjet heat exchanger for waste heat recovery systems
PublikacjaCompact heat exchangers have more and more applications in many areas, including the HVAC, food and petrochemical industry. This paper describes the development of heat exchanger technology for waste heat recovery (WHR) from a range of processes. Case-study testing shows that the proposed heat exchanger can successfully enhance heat transfer and recover waste heat in a range of applications making them economically, environmentally and...
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Determining the Mechanical Properties of Solid Plates Obtained from the Recycling of Cable Waste
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Experimental investigation of performance and emission characteristics of a miniature gas turbine supplied by blends of kerosene and waste tyre pyrolysis oil
PublikacjaFossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy that could be depleted in the near future, giving rise to amajor energy crisis. Scientists from all over the world are working on new technologies to produce fuelnot only from renewable sources but also from waste. This article is concerned with: (i) waste tyremanagement by means of the pyrolysis process, (ii) investigation of physico-chemical parameters ofwaste tyre pyrolysis oil...
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Rubber wastes recycling for developing advanced polymer composites: A warm handshake with sustainability
PublikacjaRecycling and management of rubber wastes experiences an early-stage maturity in the quest for sustainable and circular materials. Up to now, solutions proposed for sustainable development of rubber wastes are limited, so that properties and performance features of recycled products are inadequate for practical applications. Herein, an experimental protocol is introduced for manufacturing semi-sustainable polymer composites based...
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MARKAL long-term power generation scenarios for Poland: Increasing the share of renewable energy sources by 2040
PublikacjaIn this paper, renewable energy sources (RES) support mechanisms in Poland was presented with perspec-tives of proposed support system modifications, discussed in the project of Renewable Energy Act. In ad-dition, MARKAL model of RES support mechanism was presented, taking into account technology-specific multiplication factors. Two model runs with emission trading system in place and two additional runs without emission trade...
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Recuperator with microjet technology as a proposal for heat recovery from low-temperature sources
PublikacjaA tendency to increase the importance of so called dispersed generation, based on the local energy sources and the working systems uti- lizing both the fossil fuels and the renewable energy resources is observed nowadays. Generation of electricity on industrial or domestic scale together with production of heat can be obtained for example through employment of the ORC systems. It is mentioned in the EU directive 2012/27/EU for...
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Decrease in Photovoltaic Module Efficiency Due to Deposition of Pollutants
PublikacjaThe deposition of pollutants on the surface of photovoltaic (PV) modules reduce the efficiency that can be achieved in given climatic conditions. This results in the loss of energy yield obtained from the solar installation. A number of factors determine the scale of this problem. The first of these is the amount of impurities deposited, the associated amount of precipitation, and the speed and direction of the wind. A second aspect...
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Achieving energy neutrality in wastewater treatment plants through energy savings and enhancing renewable energy production
PublikacjaWastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) consume high amounts of energy which is mostly purchased from the grid. During the past years, many ongoing measures have taken place to analyze the possible solutions for both reducing the energy consumption and increasing the renewable energy production in the plants. This review contains all possible aspects which may assist to move towards energy neutrality in WWTPs. The sources of energy...
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Double-stage ORC system based on various temperature waste heat sources of the negative CO2 power plant
PublikacjaAnalysed is the modification of the thermodynamic cycle with the negative CO2 power plant concept by its combination with the organic Rankine cycle. The analysed power plant operates on a gas produced from the gasification of sewage sludge. The negative emission term comes from the aggregated CO2 balance resulting from the capture of the CO2, while the sewage sludge is one of the inevitable environmental sources of CO2 to be avoided....
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INCREASING POWER SUPPLY SAFETY IN THE ASPECT OF SUPPORTING THE RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES BY CONVENTIONAL AND VIRTUAL POWER STORES
PublikacjaThis paper presents characteristics and purposefulness of supporting the renewable energy sources (OZE) by means of energy stores. The main emphasis was placed on analysis of virtual energy stores available for implementation in Polish economy conditions. A role which management of Demand Side Response (DSR) may play in balancing Polish electric power system, is discussed. Implementation of such solutions together with conventional...
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Modelling of heat transfer in supercritical pressure recuperators
PublikacjaIn the paper presented is analysis of convective flow heat transfer at supercritical pressure in channels of heat exchanger working in the thermodynamic cycle. The modelling is based on the division of the flow into three regions, namely the heavy fluid, a two phase flow consisting of the heavy and light fluids and finally the light fluid flow. Modelling is concentrated on the region of simultaneous flow of two fluids divided into...
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Potential of Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Advancing Renewable Energy: Challenges and Prospects
PublikacjaModern machine learning (ML) techniques are making inroads in every aspect of renewable energy for optimizationand model prediction. The effective utilization of ML techniques for the development and scaling up of renewable energy systemsneeds a high degree of accountability. However, most of the ML approaches currently in use are termed black box since their work isdifficult to comprehend. Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI)...
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Recuperator with microjet technology as a proposal for heat recovery from low-temperature sources
PublikacjaA tendency to increase the importance of so called dispersed generation, based on the local energy sources and the working systems utilizing both the fossil fuels and the renewable energy resources is observed nowadays. Generation of electricity on industrial or domestic scale together with production of heat can be obtained for example through employment of the ORC systems. It is mentioned in the EU directive 2012/27/EU for cogenerative...
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Tripping limitations of residual current devices in photovoltaic installations
PublikacjaIn electrical installations with photovoltaic sources of energy, earth fault current may comprise alternating current component and direct current component. The waveform shape of this earth fault current mainly depends on the point of the fault and the properties of a photovoltaic power electronics converter. The waveform shape of the current influences operation of protection devices, especially tripping threshold of residual...
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Polyurethane glycolysate from industrial waste recycling to develop low dielectric constant, thermally stable materials suitable for the electronics
PublikacjaWe are utilizing a new method to improve the dielectric properties of a conventional polymer using a recycled polymer product. The polyurethane foams are recycled by glycolysis process and the derived material was applied to improve the dielectric properties of the brittle DGEBA epoxy resin. Two main parameters that determine the applicability of the material as a dielectric (the dielectric constant and dielectric loss), were studied...
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Waste materials assessment for phosphorus adsorption toward sustainable application in circular economy
PublikacjaPhosphorus is the main determinant of nutrient enrichment in the water bodies. Many resources including nutrients may be shortly exhausted, assuming current consumption. This scenario leads to growing interest in resources recovery and/or reuse, which together with sustainable energy consumption and waste reduction are the main courses of the circular economy. Usage of coagulants in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) does not allow...
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Probability estimation of the city’s energy efficiency improvement as a result of using the phase change materials in heating networks
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Efficiency and proportions of waste tyre pyrolysis products depending on the reactor type—A review
PublikacjaThis article discusses the current use of different pyrolytic reactors, their constructions and operating principles regarding the yields of main products of waste tyre pyrolytic recycling. Whether one makes a larger or smaller profit, or even a loss due to a surcharge being levied on waste tyre recycling, depends on the sale of the pyrolysis products (gas, char, oil), the proportions and market prices of which differ. The cheapest...
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Heat Transfer of the Multicolor-Laser-Sources-Irradiated Nanoparticles in Reference to Thermal Processes
PublikacjaUnlike the standard materials, metallic nanoparticles offer enhancing the heat convertion rate which implies the maximum and average temperature boost significantly in the considered system. The work’s purpose is to examine heat transfer in the metallic nanoparticles which have been deposited on a glassy substrate, enabling the nanostructures thermoablation. Furthermore, the functionalized substrate is irradiated with multicolor-laser-sources,...
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Partition of friction heat between sliding semispaces due to adhesion-deformational heat generation
PublikacjaAnalytical expressions of heat-partition coefficient and contact temperatures for two sliding semispaces with account for adhesion-deformational heat generation and contact heat exchange have been obtained. The rate of deformational heat generation is assumed to decay exponentially with increase of distance from the interface. It has been shown that heat-generation configuration and the intensity of contact heat exchange have impact...
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Recycling of Industrial Waste as Soil Binding Additives—Effects on Soil Mechanical and Hydraulic Properties during Its Stabilisation before Road Construction
PublikacjaTo improve the in situ soil stabilization, different chemical additives are used (ion exchange compounds, additives based on H2SO4 or vinyl polymers, and organic additives using lignosul- fonates). One interesting alternative is the production of additives from various waste materials. The extensive testing of waste-based blends with soil was performed; the mechanical (unconfined compressive strength (UCS)) and hydraulic (capillary...
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Brine Recycling from Industrial Textile Wastewater Treated by Ozone. By-Products Accumulation. Part 1: Multi Recycling Loop
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Efficiency of exciton splitting in organic photovoltaic cells within EQE spectrum
PublikacjaThe paper presents a procedure of estimating the efficiency of exciton splitting at ED/EA interface. The procedure consists in evaluation of splitting of excitons into electron-hole pairs on the basis of the external quantum efficiency spectra of planar cells and spectra of absorbance of active organic layers. The fitting parameters are the exciton splitting probabilities at ED/EA interface. The presented procedure was applied...
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Chemical recycling of plastic waste as a mean to implement the circular economy model in the European Union
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Research of energy efficiency of laboratory photovoltaic installation
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Hybrid Multi-Criteria Method of Analyzing the Location of Distributed Renewable Energy Sources
PublikacjaThis paper presents the development and the application of a hybrid multi-criteria method, the combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and numerical taxonomy (NT),to support the decision making on the location of distributed renewable energy sources meetingvarious types of assessment criteria. Finding criteria weights, using the AHP method, eliminates thedisadvantage of NT—which, in current form, is defined by its...
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A Set of Low-power Microcontroller-based Modules Used for Testing of Small Energy Measurement Methods
PublikacjaEstimation of energy consumption of low-power devices is not widely discussed in the scientific literature, but this topic is getting more and more popular. Evaluation process of newly developed methods and instrumentation requires carefull treatment. In order to fulfill this niche, the set of micro-power microcontroller based devices was proposed. The devices represent typical energy consuption profiles and allow experimental verification...
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Deep learning for ultra-fast and high precision screening of energy materials
PublikacjaSemiconductor materials for energy storage are the core and foundation of modern information society and play important roles in photovoltaic system, integrated circuit, spacecraft technology, lighting applications, and other fields. Unfortunately, due to the long experiment period and high calculation cost, the high-precision band gap (the basic characteristic parameter) of semiconductor is difficult to obtain, which hinders the...
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Thermal energy storage using stearic acid as PCM material
PublikacjaThis work presents an experimental study of thermal energy storage by use of PCM. The aim of the study was to establish the influence of different inlet temperature of heat transfer fluid (HTF) and different Reynolds number of HTF on intensity of charging process. The PCM used in this study was stearic acid and water was used as HTF. A copper helical coil mounted in cylindrical container served as a heat transfer surface.
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Similarities and differences in the production of renewable energy in Central and Eastern Europe countries
PublikacjaResearch background: In the era of climate change, environmental degradation, but also growing pub-lic awareness, there is a need to look for new ecological energy sources. This condition can be met by renewable energy sources (RES). The EU seeks to have a 32% share of its gross final energy consumption from renewable sources by 2030. While the EU as a whole is on course to meet its...
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Post-Pyrolytic Carbon as a Phase Change Materials (PCMs) Carrier for Application in Building Materials
PublikacjaThis article covers new application for char as a carrier of phase-change materials (PCM) that could be used as an additive to building materials. Being composed of bio-char and PCM, the granulate successfully competes with more expensive commercial materials of this type, such as Micronal® PCM. As a PCM carrier, char that was obtained from the pyrolysis of chestnut fruit (Aesculus hippocastanum) with different absorbances of the...
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Study on effective front region thickness of PCM in thermal energy storage using a novel semi-theoretical model
PublikacjaThermal energy storage in mobile applications, particularly battery of electric vehicles, is currently gaining a lot of importance. In this paper, a semi-theoretical time-dependent mathematical model of the phase change in a double shell thermal energy storage module has been developed where the inner tube is a heat exchange surface. An effective front region thickness for the melting and solidification process has been studied....
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Recovery and re-use of photovoltaic solar cells from crystalline silicon
PublikacjaCrystalline silicon-type PV modules consist, in order of mass, of glass, an aluminium frame, an EVA coating, solar cells, a terminal box, back film and tapping screws. From the economic point of view, pure silicon, recoverable from spent cells, is the most important material owing to its cost and shortage. For crystalline, silicon-based PV cells, the following chemical treatments were performed: removal of the metal coating, followed...
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Experimental study on single phase operation of microjet augmented heat exchanger with enhanced heat transfer surface
PublikacjaThe article presents experimental investigations on a prototype heat exchanger. Presented research is focused on combined active and passive enhancement techniques of surface modification and microjet impingement. The results were compared to reference plate heat exchanger without microjet impingement. The Wilson plot method was applied to determine the heat transfer coefficients in the single phase operation. The heat exchanger...
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AN INTELLIGENT SYSTEM TO SUPPORT THE DESIGN PROCESS OF HYBRID PHOTOVOLTAIC INSTALLATIONS
PublikacjaThe paper presents the final version of intelligent system to support the design process of hybrid photovoltaic systems supported by fuel cells and / or thermoelectric generators developed and constructed at the Institute of Electron Technology, as well as to conduct experiments and research. A block diagram of the system and the selection of its components is described and discussed. The paper considers the availability of the...
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Experimental and numerical study of thermal and electrical potential of BIPV/T collector in the form of air-cooled photovoltaic roof tile
PublikacjaAmong renewable energy sources, Building-Integrated Photovoltaic/Thermal (BIPV/T) systems are gaining increasing interest. To improve their economic competitiveness, technologies that increase their efficiency are searched for. The paper is devoted to evaluating the impact of various air-cooling configurations on the thermal and electrical performance of a photovoltaic roof tile. A numerical model of the own experimental system...
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Thermal Energy Development in Magnetohydrodynamic Flow Utilizing Titanium Dioxide, Copper Oxide and Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles: Thermal Dispersion and Heat Generating Formularization
PublikacjaThe main aim of this article heat transfer in thermal engineering deals with the production, use, transformation, and transfer of thermal energy. Engineering and industrial fields including food packaging, the production of food additives, electronic cooling, microturbines, etc. heavily rely on heat transmission. Due to its intriguing potential in industries like the production of polymers, paper, crystal glass, etc., scientists...
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Comprehensive thermodynamic analysis of the CAES system coupled with the underground thermal energy storage taking into account global, central and local level of energy conversion
PublikacjaA key aspect of CAES is the optimal configuration of the thermodynamic cycle. In this paper, the situation of cooperation between the current conventional power plants and wind farms is analyzed, and then, based on thermodynamic models, the process of storing thermal and electrical energy in the CAES system coupled with a heat storage and recovery is developed. Therefore, three levels can be distinguished, namely: the global level...
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Heat exchange enhancement of jet impingement cooling with the novel humped-cone heat sink
PublikacjaJet impingement cooling technology is applicable to control temperature of devices, where very high heat flux is generated within a small area. This paper is about the improvement of the jet impingement cooling efficiency by the heat sink geometry modification. Two reference cases were sourced from the literature – flat heat sink and modified one with cone in the jet stagnation region. Such a change improves cooling capability...
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Thermal performance of Si and GaAs based solar cells and modules.
PublikacjaPraca przedstawia aktualny stan wiedzy na temat wpływu temperatury na parametry pracy ogniw i modułów fotowoltaicznych z amorficznego krzemu i GaAs. Przedstawiono ogólna analizę rezultatów zastosowania modułów fotowoltaicznych w budownictwie ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem systemów hybrydowych, przekształcających energie słoneczną w prąd elektryczny i ciepło.
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Photovoltaic solar energy development in the Baltic Sea Region
PublikacjaInformacje zawarte w tym artykule odzwierciedlają różnorodność rozwoju technologii fotowoltaicznych i różnorodność etapów realizacji PV przez kraje regionu Morza Bałtyckiego (Dania, Finlandia, Niemcy, Łotwa, Litwa, Szwecja, Polska, Estonia).
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Recent Advances in Development of Waste-Based Polymer Materials: A Review
PublikacjaLimited petroleum sources, suitable law regulations, and higher awareness within society has caused sustainable development of manufacturing and recycling of polymer blends and composites to be gaining increasing attention. This work aims to report recent advances in the manufacturing of environmentally friendly and low-cost polymer materials based on post-production and postconsumer wastes. Sustainable development of three groups...
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Environmentally-Safe Cold Recycling of Asphalt Pavements in Poland
PublikacjaArtykuł przedstawia metodę recyklingu na zimno z zastosowaniem jednoczesnego dodatku cementu portlandzkiego i emulsji asfaltowej. Metoda przydatna do rehabilitacji zniszczonych nawierzchni drogowych. Warstwy po recyklingu charakteryzują się sztywnością i podatnością. Przedstawiono wyniki badań laboratoryjnych i terenowych.
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The author's technology for the recovery of materials from the silicon photovoltaic cells
PublikacjaOdzyskanie czystego krzemu z uszkodzonych lub wycofanych z eksploatacji modułów PV może prowadzić do korzyści ekonomicznych i ekologicznych. Ze względu na wysokie wymagania jakościowe, dotyczące odzyskiwanego krzemu, procesy chemiczne są najważniejszym etapem w recyklingu ogniw PV. W artykule przedstawiono przykłady i możliwości odzyskania materiałów ze zużytych lub uszkodzonych ogniw fotowoltaicznych z krystalicznego krzemu oraz...
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A new construction of shell-and-tube heat exchanger with impinging jets and minichannels technologies for heat recovery from gases – experimental analysis
PublikacjaA dynamic development of technologies allowing waste heat utilization is observed in a correspondence with a pro-ecological approach of the zero waste idea. Such approach becomes the most demanding in the area of low-temperature was heat sources, especially gaseous media. Till now, they were usually not utilized due to unfavorable thermal conditions and high costs. Therefore, the zero waste approach directs research on techniques...