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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: received signal strength (RSS)
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Direction of Arrival Estimation Based on Received Signal Strength Using Two-Row Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator Antenna
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present a novel approach to direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation using two-row electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna which has 12 passive elements and allows for elevation and azimuth beam switching using a simple microcontroller, relying solely on received signal strength (RSS) values measured at the antenna output port. To this end, we thoroughly investigate all 18 available 3D antenna...
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation for ESPAR Antennas Using Support Vector Machine
PublikacjaIn this letter, it is shown how direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation for electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antennas, which are designed to be integrated within wireless sensor network nodes, can be improved by applying support vector classification approach to received signal strength (RSS) values recorded at an antenna's output port. The proposed method relies on ESPAR antenna's radiation patterns measured...
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Simple 2-D Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Using an ESPAR Antenna
PublikacjaIn this letter, it has been shown how an electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna can be used for 2-D direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation employing received signal strength (RSS) values only. The proposed approach relies on changes in RSS values recorded at the antenna output port observed for different vertical and horizontal directions, while antenna’s main beam sweeps 360° area around the ESPAR antenna. Based...
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation Using ESPAR Antenna for V2X Applications in 802.11p Frequency Band
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have proposed direction-of arrival (DoA) estimation of incoming signals for V2X applications in 802. 11p frequency band, based on recording of received signal strength (RSS) at electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna's output port. The motivation of the work was to prove that ESPAR antenna used to increase connectivity and security in V2X communication can be also used for DoA estimation....
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BADANIA POMIAROWE I ANALIZA PRZYDATNOŚCI METODY RSS DLA POTRZEB RADIOLOKALIZOWANIA
PublikacjaReferat dotyczy lokalizowania obiektów w sieciach radiokomunikacyjnych, pracujących w specyficznym środowisku propagacji fal radiowych, jakim jest terminal kontenerowy. Opisano podstawy teoretyczne metody RSS (Received Signal Strength), w której szacuje się odległości pomiędzy stacjami referencyjnymi a lokalizowanym obiektem na podstawie znajomości modelu propagacyjnego opisującego tłumienie fali radiowej. Przedstawiono metodykę...
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Efficient RSS-Based DoA Estimation for ESPAR Antennas Using Multiplane SDR Calibration Approach
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have introduced a new method to improve overall efficiency of direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation scheme relying on received signal strength (RSS) values measured at the output port of electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna. The proposed approach uses software-defined radio (SDR) setup and power pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) estimator involving multiple calibration planes. By placing...
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A novel calibration method for RSS-based DoA estimation using ESPAR antennas
PublikacjaIn this paper, we introduce a new calibration method that can successfully be used in direction of arrival (DoA) estimation using electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antennas and employing power-pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) algorithm, which relies on received signal strength (RSS) values recorded at the antenna output port. Instead of the commonly used two-step approach, during which ESPAR antenna calibration...
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Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Using an ESPAR Antenna with Simplified Beam Steering
PublikacjaIn this paper, it has been shown, how electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna, in which beam steering is done in a simple way, can be used for directionof- arrival (DoA) estimation of an unknown signal impinging the antenna. The concept is based on an ESPAR antenna having twelve parasitic elements, in which beam switching is realized by RF switches providing required loads to its parasitic elements. Numerical...
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RSS-based DoA Estimation Using ESPAR Antennas and Interpolated Radiation Patterns
PublikacjaIn this letter, it is shown how an algorithm, which employs received signal strength (RSS) values in order to estimate direction-of-arrival (DoA) of impinging signals in wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes equipped with electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antennas, can easily be improved by applying an interpolation algorithm to radiation patterns recorded in the calibration phase of the DoA estimation process....
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation Using ESPAR Antenna Radiation Patterns Spline Interpolation
PublikacjaIn this paper, it is shown how power pattern crosscorrelation (PPCC) algorithm, which relies on received signal strength (RSS) values recorded at electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna output port, used for direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation, can easily be improved by applying spline interpolation to radiation patterns recorded in the calibration phase of the DoA estimation process. The proposed method...
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Accurate PPCC-Based DoA Estimation Using Multiple Calibration Planes for WSN Nodes Equipped with ESPAR Antennas
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have introduced a new direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation method, which relies on received signal strength (RSS) values measured at the output port of electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna and uses the power pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) estimator. In the method, we have successfully incorporated measurements of ESPAR antenna's radiation patterns performed at multiple calibration...
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Improved RSS-Based DoA Estimation Accuracy in Low-Profile ESPAR Antenna Using SVM Approach
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have shown how the overall performance of direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation using lowprofile electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna, which has been proposed for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, can significantly be improved when support vector machine (SVM) approach is applied. Because the SVM-based DoA estimation method used herein relies solely on received signal strength...
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Influence of ESPAR antenna radiation patterns shape on PPCC-based DoA estimation accuracy
PublikacjaIn the article, we show the influence of three different electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna radiation patterns on the overall direction of arrival (DoA) estimation accuracy when power-pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) algorithm, relying on received signal strength (RSS) values, is used for the estimation. The ESPAR antenna designs were obtained for three optimization goals, which resulted in different...
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation Using ESPAR Antenna for V2X Applications in 802.11p Frequency Band
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have proposed direction-of arrival (DoA) estimation of incoming signals for V2X applications in 802. 11p frequency band, based on recording of received signal strength (RSS) at electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna's output port. The motivation of the work was to prove that ESPAR antenna used to increase connectivity and security in V2X communication can...
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Improved RSS-Based DoA Estimation Accuracy in Low-Profile ESPAR Antenna Using SVM Approach
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have shown how the overall performance of direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation using lowprofile electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna, which has been proposed for Internet of Things (IoT) applications, can significantly be improved when support vector machine (SVM) approach is applied. Because the SVM-based DoA estimation method used herein relies solely...
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Calibration-Free Single-Anchor Indoor Localization Using an ESPAR Antenna
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present a novel, low-cost approach to indoor localization that is capable of performing localization processes in real indoor environments and does not require calibration or recalibration procedures. To this end, we propose a single-anchor architecture and design based on an electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna and Nordic Semiconductor nRF52840 utilizing Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)...
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Influence of ESPAR Antenna Radiation Patterns Shape on PPCC-Based DoA Estimation Accuracy
PublikacjaIn the article, we show the influence of three different electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna radiation patterns on the overall direction of arrival (DoA) estimation accuracy when power-pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) algorithm, relying on received signal strength (RSS) values, is used for the estimation. The ESPAR antenna designs were obtained for three optimization...
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ESPAR Antenna-Based WSN Node With DoA Estimation Capability
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present a low-cost energy-efficient electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna-based wireless sensor network (WSN) node designed for IEEE 802.15.4 standard that is capable of performing direction of arrival (DoA) estimation in real-life outdoor environments. To this end, we propose the WSN node architecture, design and realization that utilizes NXP JN5168 radio frequency (RF) wireless transceiver...
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Analiza i badania pomiarowe dokładności lokalizowania terminali ruchomych w sieciach komórkowych
PublikacjaJakość oferowanych przez operatorów sieci komórkowych usług o wartości wzbogaconej (usług dodanych) zależy od efektywności metod estymacji położenia geograficznego terminala ruchomego MS (Mobile Station). Dokładność istniejących w sieciach komórkowych metod lokalizacyjnych jest niewystarczająca, szczególnie w odniesieniu do usług związanych z wywołaniem w niebezpieczeństwie. Obecnie, do najbardziej popularnej w sieciach komórkowych...
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Badanie metod i projektowanie usług lokalizacyjnych w sieciach radiokomunikacyjnych
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wybrane problemy lokalizowania obiektów w sieciach radiokomunikacyjnych, w tym komórkowych. W pierwszej kolejności zostały przedstawione nowe zasady budowy i działania systemu wywołania w niebezpieczeństwie na morzu, z wykorzystaniem infrastruktury sieci komórkowej. Na podstawie zebranych danych pomiarowych w warunkach morskich została opracowana nowa, bardziej dokładna metoda estymacji położenia terminala...
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Low-Profile ESPAR Antenna for RSS-Based DoA Estimation in IoT Applications
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have introduced a low-profile electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna that can successfully be used to estimate the direction-of-arrival (DoA) of incoming signals in wireless sensor network (WSN) applications, in which the height of the complete antenna has to be low. The proposed antenna is over three times lower than high-profile ESPAR antenna designs currently available in the literature...
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Detection of the First Component of the Received LTE Signal in the OTDoA Method
PublikacjaIn a modern world there is a growing demand for localization services of various kinds. Position estimation can be realized via cellular networks, especially in the currently widely deployed LTE (Long Term Evolution) networks. However, it is not an easy task in harsh propagation conditions which often occur in dense urban environments. Recently, time-methods of terminal localization within the network have been the focus of attention,...
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Dynamic Signal Strength Mapping and Analysis by Means of Mobile Geographic Information System
PublikacjaBluetooth beacons are becoming increasingly popular for various applications such as marketing or indoor navigation. However, designing a proper beacon installation requires knowledge of the possible sources of interference in the target environment. While theoretically beacon signal strength should decay linearly with log distance, on-site measurements usually reveal that noise from objects such as Wi-Fi networks operating in...
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A Review of Antennas for Indoor Positioning Systems
PublikacjaThis paper provides a review of antennas applied for indoor positioning or localization systems. The desired requirements of thoseantennas when integrated in anchor nodes (reference nodes) are discussed, according to different localization techniques and theirperformance. The described antennas will be subdivided into the following sections according to the nature of measurements:received signal strength (RSS), time of flight (ToF),...
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Influence of a Radio Frequency on RF Fingerprinting Accuracy Based on Ray Tracing Simulation
PublikacjaIn this paper the influence of a radio signal frequency on performance of Indoor Positioning System based on fingerprinting has been examined using ray-tracing simulations. It has been simulated how spatial distribution of an RF signal strength change with the signal’s frequency. The results were used to show its’ impact on the behavior of localization algorithms that are employing RSS measurements to determine node’s position...
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Measurement and Analysis of the Radio Wave Polarisation in Off-Body Communications in Indoor Environment
PublikacjaThe paper describes an analysis of the radio wave polarisation in off-body communications in indoor environment. The measurement stand for polarisation measurements has been shortly described. Five investigated scenarios with different body postures and different antenna placements have been characterize. The vertical and horizontal components of received radio signal have been analysed. The measure used in analysis is a ratio...
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Study of probe signal bandwidth influence on estimation of coherence bandwidth for underwater acoustic communication channel
PublikacjaA signal transmitted in a shallow Underwater Acoustic Communication (UAC) channel suffers from time dispersion due to the multipath propagation and the refraction phenomena. This causes intersymbol interference of the received signal and frequency-selective fading observed in its spectrum. Coherence bandwidth is one of the key transmission parameters used for designing the physical layer of a data transmission system to minimise...
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Wireless Body Area Network for Preventing Self-Inoculation Transmission of Respiratory Viral Diseases
PublikacjaThis paper proposes an idea of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) based on Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) standards to recognize and alarm a gesture of touching the face, and in effect, to prevent self-inoculation of respiratory viral diseases, such as COVID-19 or influenza A, B, or C. The proposed network comprises wireless modules placed in bracelets and a necklace. It relies on the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements...
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INVESTIGATION OF BOTTOM SEDIMENT STRATIFICATION
PublikacjaThe main goal of this paper is to find a method to assess remotely the type of sediments on the basis of the signal received using the parametric echosounder. The images of the sea bottom sediments taken by a parametric echosounder show the fine structure of the upper layer of the bottom sediments. The depth of penetration depends on the type of sediment, in fact on the attenuation of acoustic wave. In the paper the method of distinguishing...
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Single-Anchor Indoor Localization Using ESPAR Antenna
PublikacjaIn this paper a new single-anchor indoor localization concept employing Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) antenna has been proposed. The new concept uses a simple fingerprinting algorithm adopted to work with directional main beam and narrow minimum radiation patterns of ESPAR antenna that scans 360° area around the base station, while the signal strength received from a mobile terminal is being recorded...
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Continuous wave sonar with hyperbolic frequency modulation keyed by pseudo-random sequence
PublikacjaA CW FM type sounding signal is used in the classical solution of silent sonar. While the signal provides a relatively simple implementation of digital signal processing, and ensures good detection conditions, unfortunately, in the presence of the Doppler effect, distance measurement results tend to be wrong. This is due to the fact that the received signal’s instantaneous frequency value is dependent both on the distance to the...
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Detection and Direction-of-Arrival Estimation of Weak Spread Spectrum Signals Received with Antenna Array
PublikacjaThis paper presents a method for the joint detection and direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of low probability of detection (LPD) signals. The proposed approach is based on using the antenna array to receive spread-spectrum signals hidden below the noise floor. Array processing exploits the spatial correlation between phase-delayed copies of the signal and allows us to evaluate the parameter used to make the decision about the...
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Analiza wpływu błędu częstotliwości próbkowania na sygnały odbierane w systemie LTE
PublikacjaW artykule dokonano analizy wpływu błędu częstotliwości próbkowania w platformie radia programowalnego na odbierany sygnał LTE (Long Term Evolution).
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Noise effect on parameters of quiet sonar with code modulation
PublikacjaEarlier publications of the paper authors have shown that the use of code keying mixed with the CW FM sound signal allows the significant reduction in the distance measurement error, compared to classic silent CW FM sonar. In addition to the code modulation parameters, the magnitude of this error is influenced by the received input acoustic noise. The article shows the dependence of the input signal-to-noise ratio and the sound...
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New First - Path Detector for LTE Positioning Reference Signals
PublikacjaIn today's world, where positioning applications reached a huge popularity and became virtually ubiquitous, there is a strong need for determining a device location as accurately as possible. A particularly important role in positioning play cellular networks, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). In the LTE Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) positioning method, precision of device location estimation depends on accuracy...
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Sonar Pulse Detection Using Chirp Rate Estimation and CFAR Algorithms
PublikacjaThis paper presents a new approach to sonar pulse detection. The method uses chirp rate estimators and algorithms for the adaptive threshold, commonly used in radiolocation. The proposed approach allows detection of pulses of unknown parameters, which may be used in passive hydrolocation or jamming detection in underwater communication. Such an analysis is possible thanks to a new kind of imaging, which presents signal energy in...
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Suppression of distortions in signals received from Doppler sensor for vehicle speed measurement
PublikacjaDoppler sensors are commonly used for movement detection and speed measurement. However, electromagnetic interference and imperfections in sensor construction result in degradation of the signal to noise ratio. As a result, detection of signals reflected from moving objects becomes problematic. The paper proposes an algorithm for reduction of distortions and noise in the signal received from a simple, dual-channel type of a Doppler...
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Określenie położenia za pomocą sieci bezprzewodowej w standardzie ZigBee
PublikacjaMimo wprowadzenia systemu nawigacji GPS, nadal istnieje zapotrzebowanie na inne, tańsze systemy lokalizacji położenia, w szczególności pracujące w pomieszczeniach, gdzie często nie dochodzi sygnał z satelity. Taki system można zrealizować za pomocą bezprzewodowej sieci czujników w standardzie ZigBee za pomocą kilku różnych metod. W pracy przedstawiono metodę RSSI (ang.: Received Signal Strength Indicator) oceny odległości za pomocą...
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How to provide fair service for V2I communications in VANETs?
PublikacjaIn this paper, we focus on fairness issues of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications. In particular, we show that under a common technique of selection of RSUs by OBUs based on the received signal strength, a vast variability of a number of OBUs connected to RSUs can be observed leading to inefficient/unfair service provided by RSUs. To overcome this problem, we propose an algorithm for RSU selection called RSEL to obtain...
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Selected properties and parameters of radio channel impulse response estimation in ISM 2.4 GHz band
PublikacjaThe article presents experimental research indicating that the impulse response of the communication channel, determined in practice, are not of an universal character, but only represent its approximate value for the frequency on which this measurement was made. Phases for each of the replicas of the measurement signal were determined during the analysis of the received signals in the baseband. Phase changes of individual replicas...
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Detection and Mitigation of GPS Spoofing Based on Antenna Array Processing
PublikacjaIn this article authors present an application of spatial processing methods for GPS spoofing detection and mitigation. In the first part of this article, a spoofing detection method, based on phase delay measurements, is proposed. Accuracy and precision of phase delay estimation is assessed for various qualities of received signal. Spoofing detection thresholds are determined. Efficiency of this method is evaluated in terms of...
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DS-CDMA receiver in Software Defined Radio technology. Admission to the implementation of a RAKE receiver
PublikacjaProgrammable radio is one of the latest trends in the construction of multi-standard receivers. The technology, called Software Defined Radio (SDR), is also an ideal test platform that allows to try out different algorithms of signal receiving. This particular feature led to choose this platform to implement a DS-CDMA receiver (Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access). The use of SDR allows for a gradual upgrade of data processing...
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The development of an underwater telephone for digital communication purposes
PublikacjaThe underwater telephone HTL-10 has been designed to provide voice and data communication between helicopter and submarines using acoustic waves. It works in a half-duplex mode and uses analogue power-efficient modulation in the form of a single side-band, suppressed carrier, in a wide range of frequencies. It generates the transmitted signal, and processes the received signals. It is implemented with the use of digital signal...
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Mobile Networks' Analysis in Terms of QoS Performance Assessment
PublikacjaQuality of service (QoS) assessment is one of the basic processes carried out by mobile network operators (MNOs) and regulators of the telecommunications market. Usually, professional companies carry out measurements for various country areas and use cases (scenarios). In this paper, we show exemplary measurement results carried out in drive tests in the vicinity of the Polish capital by a professional company. The measurement...
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A system for Direction-Of-Arrival estimation in ISM 2.4 GHz frequency band based on ESPAR antenna and SDR technology
PublikacjaDetermination of the direction of the signal arrival (DOA) finds many applications in various areas of science and industry. Knowledge of DOA is used, among others to determine the position of a satellite with a low Earth orbit (LEO), localization of people and things as well as in research of wireless communication systems, for instance the determination of the number of...
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Path Loss Measurements in Wideband Radio Link Designed for Maritime Environment
PublikacjaIn the article, the research and analysis of path loss in designed and evaluated digital radio link for high-speed data transmission in maritime environment is presented. Collected samples of received signal were used to determine the mean path loss and its standard deviation. Measuring campaign was carried out in a real maritime conditions. The mean value of path loss reached 126 dB on a distance of 11.16 km.
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Innovative method of localization airplanes in VCS (VCS-MLAT) distributed system
PublikacjaThe article presents the concept and the structure of the localization module. The prototype module is the part of the VCS (VCS-MLAT) localization distributed system. The device receives the audio signal transmitted in airplanes band (118 MHz – 136 MHz). Received data with the timestamps are send to the main server. The data from multiple devices estimates the localization of the airplane. The main aim of the project is the analysis...
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Radar Signal Parameters Estimation Using Phase Accelerogram in the Time-Frequency Domain
PublikacjaRadar signal parameter estimation, in the context of the reconstruction of the received signal in a passive radar utilizing other radars as a source of illumination, is one of the fundamental steps in the signal processing chain in such a device. The task is also a crucial one in electronic reconnaissance systems, e.g. ELINT (Electronic Intelligence) systems. In order to obtain accurate results it is important to measure, estimate...
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Receiver of Doppler multistatic system for moving target detection and tracking
PublikacjaThe article presents a method for solving major structural problems that occur in the receiver used in the multistatic Doppler system, aimed at determination of the trajectory and velocity of a moving target. In the system two transmitters emit acoustic continuous sinusoidal waves at different frequencies. The signals, scattered from a moving target are received by four hydrophones. Beside of the echoes, much larger signals coming...
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A New Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum Signal Detection Method for Underwater Acoustic Communications in Shallow-Water Channel
PublikacjaDirect-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) is one of the modulation and coding techniques used in Underwater Acoustic Communication (UAC) systems for reliable data transmision even at low signal levels. However, in a shallow water channel, there is a strong multipath propagation which causes a phase fluctuation of the received signal, affecting the performance of the spread-spectrum system. The article presents a differential method...