Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL, ANODE, FUNCTIONAL LAYER
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Nowa metoda optymalizacji pracy ogniw paliwowych.
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono dynamiczną technikę impedancją jako doskonałe narzędzie służące do określenia optymalnych warunków pracy ogniw paliwowych. Możliwości tej techniki zostały przedstawione na przykładzie ustalenia optymalnej temperatury pracy. Otrzymane wyniki zostały skonfrontowane z charakterystykami prądowo napięciowymi ogniwa.
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SrCe0.9In0.1O3-δ-based reversible symmetrical Protonic Ceramic Cell
PublikacjaIn-doped SrCe0.9In0.1O3-δ (SCI) perovskite-type oxide is utilized as the solid electrolyte, as well as a component, together with SrFe0.75Mo0.25O3-δ (SFM) compound, in the composite-type electrodes to construct symmetrical Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells (PCFC). With good mutual stability of SCI and SFM at high temperatures in water vapor-containing reducing and oxidizing conditions, as well as sufficient ionic conductivity with high...
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Signature of Oxide-Ion Conduction in Alkaline-Earth-Metal-Doped Y3GaO6
PublikacjaWe have studied alkaline-earth-metal-doped Y3GaO6 as a new family of oxide-ion conductor. Solid solutions of Y3GaO6 and 2% −Ca2+-, −Sr2+-, and −Ba2+-doped Y3GaO6, i.e., Y(3−0.06)M0.06GaO6−δ (M = Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+), were prepared via a conventional solid-state reaction route. X-ray Rietveld refined diffractograms of all the compositions showed the formation of an orthorhombic structure having the Cmc21 space group. Scanning electron...
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Is the Solid Electrolyte Interphase an Extra-Charge Reservoir in Li-Ion Batteries?
PublikacjaAdvanced metal oxide electrodes in Li-ion batteries usually show reversible capacities exceeding the theoretically expected ones. Despite many studies and tentative interpretations, the origin of this extra-capacity is not assessed yet. Lithium storage can be increased through different chemical processes developing in the electrodes during charging cycles. The solid electrolyte interface (SEI), formed already during the first...
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Badanie właściwości czujników wilgotności na bazie nanocząstek tlenku cynku
PublikacjaW celu pomiaru wilgotności szeroko stosowane są czujniki elektryczne. Warstwą czynną, zmieniającą swoje właściwości pod wpływem pary wodnej, stanowią najczęściej materiały ceramiczne lub polimerowe. Tlenek cynku jest jednym z materiałów ceramicznych będących dobrym kandydatem do zastosowania go jako warstwy czynną w czujnikach wilgotności. W tej pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości struktur czujnikowych z warstwą tlenku...
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Effect of Bi2O3 Excess on Morphology and Structure of BiNbO4 Ceramics
PublikacjaGoal of the present research was to fabricate BiNbO4 ceramics from the mixture of powders by the solid state reaction route and pressureless sintering at various temperatures (TS =8700C and TS =9100C) and study microstructure, phase composition and crystalline structure of BiNbO4 ceramics. Four batches were fabricated and examined, namely the one fabricated from the stoichiometric mixture of reagent – grade oxide powders, viz....
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XPS analysis of the GO based materials
Dane BadawczeGraphene oxides samples were measured by XPS method. The X-ray photoemission spectroscopy measurements were carried out with Omicron NanoTechnology UHV equipment. The hemispherical spectrophotometer was equipped with a 128-channel collector. The XPS measurements were performed at room temperature at a pressure below 1.1 × 10−8 mBar. The photoelectrons...
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Koncepcja i modelowanie wysokoobrotowego napędu elektrycznego turbosprężarki. Zastosowanie w ogniwach paliwowych pojazdów samochodowych
PublikacjaAbstract: Electrical vehicles powered by hydrogen fuel cells become a potential alternative to conventional vehicles. The polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) are typical fuel cells used in fuel cell vehicle (FCV). The global efficiency of a PEM fuel cell stack is greatly impacted by the use of a motorized compressor for the air supply system. The motor-compressor set-up may consume up to 19 % of the energy supplied by the PEM fuel...
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Development of conductive porous media as packing materials for biotrickling filter – microbial fuel cell system (BTF-MFC system)
Dane BadawczeDataset presents values of electrical resistance measured for three developed conductive packimg materials for the application in a BTF-MFC system.
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Effectiveness of a dual surface modification of metallic interconnects for application in energy conversion devices
PublikacjaA dual surface modification of an SOFC metallic interconnect with a Gd2O3 layer and an MnCo2O4 coating was evaluated. The tested samples were oxidized for 7000 h in air at 1073 K. Oxidation products were characterized using XRD, SEM-EDS, and confocal Raman imaging, and ASR was measured. The effect of gadolinium segregation at grain boundaries in Cr2O3 was evaluated using S/TEM-EDS. Area specific-resistance was measured and fuel...
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Applying of Doped Graphene Oxide Coatings for Corrosion Prevention
PublikacjaINTRODUCTION Graphene is a carbonaceous material characterized by extraordinary properties (high electron mobility, high surface area, high mechanical strength of 1100 GPa, very dense network hindering the passage of even the smallest helium atoms) [1]. Therefore, it found many applications, also as an anti-corrosive layer [2]. Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) is one of the methods to deposit coatings. However, due to slight solubility...
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Nanotubular oxide layers and hydroxyapatite coatings on ‘Ti–13Zr–13Nb’ alloy
PublikacjaThe presented research was aimed to determine the mechanical properties of the nanotubular oxide layer covered with hydroxyapatite coating. The Ti–13Zr–13Nb alloy was oxidised in 1M phosphoric acid with an addition of 0?5% HF for HF solution at 20 V voltage. The electrochemically assisted deposition of hydroxyapatite was performed at cyclic polarisation in NH4H2PO4 and CaCl2 solution at 80uC. The mechanical properties were determined...
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Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of MnCo1.5Fe0.5O4Spinel for Oxygen Evolution Reaction through Heat Treatment
PublikacjaMnCo1.5Fe0.5O4 spinel oxide was synthesized using the sol−gel technique, followed by heat treatment at various temperatures (400, 600, 800, and 1000 °C). The prepared materials were examined as anode electrocatalysts for watersplitting systems in alkaline environments. Solid-state characterization methods, such as powder X-ray diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), were used to analyze the materials’ crystallographic...
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Local atomic order in low Pt-content nanocatalysts investigated in situ by XAS
PublikacjaThe unique features of X-ray absorption spectroscopy allow investigations of nanosized catalysts for fuel cells under working conditions. We present the results of an experiment carried out on a low Pt content electrocatalyst supported by a mesoporous heteropolyacid salt and used at the cathode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The analysis of the EXAFS signal at the Pt L3-edge indicates that upon operating the fuel...
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Fuel, Oils and Greases, W, E, sem.01, zimowy 22/23
Kursy OnlineDivision and origin of fuels. Fossil energy resources in Poland and in the world. Production and structure of fuel consumption. Main directions of crude oil processing. Classification and physical properties of gaseous and liquid fuels - natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, heating oil. Classification and characteristic indicators of solid fuels - hard coal, lignite, peat. Fuel contaminants and methods of their removal....
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Effect of crystallization process at cryogenic conditions on the functional properties of the SUPERSTON alloy used in production the ship's propellers
PublikacjaThe purpose of this paper is to show results of laser treatment at cryogenic conditions of the SUPERSTON alloy used for ship's propellers. That modification process ought to bring beneficial changes of microstructure and residual stresses in the surface layer. During the laser remelting at cryogenic conditions the microstructure changes significantly. This is related to synergistic effects of the solidification rate, phase transformations...
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Featuring Semitransparent p–i–n Perovskite Solar Cells for High-Efficiency Four-Terminal/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells
PublikacjaTwo issues need to be resolved when fabricating p–i–n semitransparent perovskite solar cells (ST-PVSCs) for four-terminal (4 T) perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells: 1) damage to the underlying absorber (MAPbI3), electron transporting layer ([6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester, PCBM), and work function (WF) modifier (polyethylenimine, PEI), resulting from the harsh sputtering conditions for the transparent electrodes (TEs)...
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Napęd z silnikiem indukcyjnym i 4-gałęziowym falownikiem SiC do turbosprężarek powietrza ogniw paliwowych dużej mocy
PublikacjaWysoka cena ogniw paliwowych utrudnia ich szerokie zastosowanie w transporcie i przemyśle. Należy szukać możliwości obniżenia ich kosztu również poprzez obniżenie kosztu i zwiększenie wydajności urządzeń pomocniczych ogniwa paliwowego (Balance of the Plant). Autorzy proponują aby w napędzie sprężarki powietrza, zastosować wysokoobrotowy silnik indukcyjny, który jest tańszy od stosowanych obecnie silników PMSM. W referacie zaproponowano...
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Fuel, Oils and Greases, W, E, sem.03, zimowy 22/23
Kursy OnlineDivision and origin of fuels. Fossil energy resources in Poland and in the world. Production and structure of fuel consumption. Main directions of crude oil processing. Classification and physical properties of gaseous and liquid fuels - natural gas, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil, heating oil. Classification and characteristic indicators of solid fuels - hard coal, lignite, peat. Fuel contaminants and methods of their removal....
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Electrocatalytic gas sensor with reference layer
PublikacjaIn recent years electrochemical gas sensors based on solid state electrolytes have been intensively developed. They are easy to obtain, use and relative durable. Nasicon is one of the most promising materials, which have been used in construction of gas sensors. Most of these devices work in potentiometric or amperometric mode. However, some works are dedicated to sensors working in electrocatalytic mode. Principle of operation...
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Potentiometric Oxygen Sensor with Solid State Reference Electrode
PublikacjaThe concentration or the partial pressure of oxygen in an environment can be determined using different measuring principles. For high temperature measurements of oxygen, ceramic-based sensors are the most practical. They are simple in construction, exploration and maintenance. A typical oxygen potentiometric sensor consists of an oxygen ion conducting solid electrolyte and two electrodes deposited...
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Wodór jako paliwo cz. 1
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono wodór jako nowoczesny nośnik energii oraz jego zastosowanie techniczne w ujęciu konwersji energii. Przybliżono jego odkrycie, właściwości oraz jego wykorzystanie od odkrycia do współczesności. Dokonano opisu budowy i zasady działania ogniw paliwowych. Omówiono ich podział przedstawiając zalety i wady każdego rozwiązania oraz ich zastosowanie techniczne w zależności od typu ogniwa.
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Oxidation and hydrogen behavior in Zr-2Mn alloy
PublikacjaThe purpose of the present research was to determine the oxidation and hydrogenation behavior in the new Zr-2Mn alloy. The oxidation of alloy was performed at temperatures between 350°C and 900°C for 30 minutes. The hydrogen charging was made for 72 h at a current density 80 mA/cm2. The charged samples were heat treated at 400°C for 4 h to obtain a uniform hydrogen profile content across the sample. The oxidation resulted in an...
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The imidazoacridinone C-1311 induces p53-dependent senescence or p53-independent apoptosis and sensitizes cancer cells to radiation
PublikacjaC-1311 is a small molecule, which has shown promise in a number of preclinical and clinical studies. However, the biological response to C-1311 exposure is complicated and has been reported to involve a number of cell fates. Here, we investigated the molecular signaling which determines the response to C-1311 in both cancer and non-cancer cell lines. For the first time we demonstrate that the tumor suppressor, p53 plays a key role...
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Composites of tin oxide and different carbonaceous materials as negative electrodes in lithium-ion batteries
PublikacjaAbstract Tin and tin oxide have been considered as suitable materials with high theoretical capacity for lithium ion batteries. Their low cost, high safety and other technical benefits placed them as promising replacements for graphite negative electrodes. The problem to overcome with tin oxide, as well as with other metallic materials, is high volume changes during alloying/dealloying, subsequent pulverization, delamination from...
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Materials for energy storage and conversion devices 2022/2023
Kursy OnlineElectrodes: Metals as electrodes in aqueous and non-aqueous systems, metal nanoparticles. Collectors current. 3D, 2D, 1 D carbons, carbon nanomaterials. Organic semiconductors "Synthetic metals" - p-type, n-type. Inorganic semiconductors: oxides, selenides, sulfides, others. Intercalated electrodes. Mixed conductors (MIEC). Photo-active semiconductor materials. Electrolytes. Water electrolytes in commercial products. Electroactive...
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Optimization of the Relative Humidity of Reactant Gases in Hydrogen Fuel Cells Using Dynamic Impedance Measurements
PublikacjaWater management is a key factor affecting the efficiency of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The currently used monitoring methods of PEMFCs provide limited information about which processes or components that humidity has a significant impact upon. Herein, we propose the use of a novel approach of impedance measurements using a multi-sinusoidal perturbation signal, which enables impedance measurements under dynamic...
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Fault Diagnostics in PEMFC Stacks by Evaluation of Local Performance and Cell Impedance Analysis
PublikacjaStarvation, flooding, and dry‐out phenomena occur in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), due to heterogeneous local conditions, material inhomogeneity, and uneven flow distribution across the single cell active area and in between the individual cells. The impact of the load level and air feed conditions on the performance was identified for individual single cells within a 10‐cell stack. Analysis of the current density...
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Visualization of the surface of the Nafion membrane
Dane BadawczeFuel cells use the chemical energy of hydrogen or other fuels to produce electricity. If the fuel is hydrogen, the only products are electricity, water and heat. Fuel cells are unique in the variety of their potential applications, they can use a wide variety of fuels. They are also highly scalable devices that can power both cars and mobile phones....
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Nanotubular Ti Oxide Layers for Enhancement of Bone-Implant Bonding and Bioactivity
PublikacjaAbstrakt artykułu pt. ''Nanotubular Ti Oxide Layers for Enhancement of Bone-Implant Bonding and Bioactivity''. The paper describes techniques to improve the bioactivity of titanium and ehnahnce the bone-implant bonding ability by the electrochemical anodization to fabricate titania nanotubular oxide layer.
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Influence of titanium layer on counter electrode on electrical parameters of DSSC
PublikacjaIn this paper the influence of the Ti layer thickness at counter-electrode on electrical parameters of DSSCs was examined. The transparent conductive oxide – less (TCO-less) counter electrodes (CE) with titanium layers and platinum as catalyst on Bk7 glass were prepared. Thin metallic films were deposited by means of magnetron sputtering (titanium) and Pulsed Laser Deposition (platinum). The counter electrode with Pt layer on Fluorine...
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Tin oxide nanoparticles from laser ablation encapsulated in a carbonaceous matrix – a negative electrode in lithium-ion battery applications
PublikacjaThis report concerns carbonaceous electrodes doped with tin(II) oxide nanoparticles. Tin nanoparticles are obtained by pulsed laser ablation in water. Crystalline nanoparticles have been encapsulated in a carbonaceous matrix formed after pyrolysis of a mixture consisting of tin/tin(IV) oxide nanoparticles and gelatine. The obtained material is characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, selected area diffraction, scanning electron...
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XPS measurement of the Fe-Ti based materials
Dane BadawczeThe mono‐ and bimetal‐modified (Pd, Cu) titanium(IV) oxide and iron oxide (III) photocatalysts were prepared by chemical reduction method and characterized using XPS method. The composition of elements incorporated in the surface layer of mono- and bimetallic photocatalysts was determined by XPS analysis, as well as the valence state of elements. Measurements...
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Preparation and characterisation of iron substituted Mn1.7Cu1.3-xFexO4 spinel oxides (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5)
PublikacjaSpinel oxides with the general formula Mn1.7Cu1.3-xFexO4 (x= 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5) were prepared and evaluated in this work for their properties at high temperatures. The effect of partially substituting Cu by Fe has not been studied so far for this group of materials and is thus evaluated in this work. Mn1.7Cu1.3-xFexO4 powders were synthesised by a soft chemistry process and studied in terms of crystallographic phase analysis, electrical...
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Application of optical microsphere in fiber optic sensors for measurement of electrochemical processes
Dane Badawczeinvestigation of the electrochemical processes using micro-sphere fiber-optic sensor with a zinc oxide (ZnO) coating applied by Atomic Layer Deposition method (ALD). The measurements were performed in 1M KNO3 during a decomposition of Bisphenol-A
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Electrochemical degradation of textile dyes in a flow reactor: effect of operating conditions and dyes chemical structure
PublikacjaIn this study, electrochemical oxidation of five azo dyestuffs (Yellow D-5GN, Red D-B8, Ruby F-2B, Blue D-5RN, Black DN), that are widely used in the textile industry, was investigated in a flow reactor. BDD electrode with a high boron doping level (C/B = 10 000) was prepared and used. Two configurations of reactor were considered, i.e., one with the undivided cell, and the other with the cell divided by anodic and cathodic compartments....
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Alternative Energy: Photovoltaic Solar Cells
PublikacjaSolar radiation is a fuel for photovoltaic cells and modules, which are a source of electric energy. Viable solar technologies that have been developed in the past are starting to be adopted on a broader and more meaningful global scale across different sectors with ever-increasing market penetration. In this entry, a brief overview of the material properties relevant to solar cell operation, the structure of the solar cell, and electrical...
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Novel Tools for Comprehensive Functional Analysis of LDLR (Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor) Variants
PublikacjaFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal-dominant disorder caused mainly by substitutions in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene, leading to an increased risk of premature cardiovascular diseases. Tremendous advances in sequencing techniques have resulted in the discovery of more than 3000 variants of the LDLR gene, but not all of them are clinically relevant. Therefore, functional studies of selected variants...
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Simulation investigation of perovskite-based solar cells
PublikacjaThree models of thin-layer lead-halide perovskite solar cells with different electron-transport layers (TiO2,SnO2,ZnO) were investigatedby the simulation method. The perovskite layer thickness was optimized for all the systems. The analysis of the standard photovoltaic cell performanceparameters at various operating temperatures was performed. The best performance was achieved for the system with theSnO2conductive layer.
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Ultra-thin film of aluminum oxide influence on the plasmon resonance in gold nanostructures
Dane BadawczeUltra-thin film of aluminum oxide influence on the plasmon resonance in gold nanostructures was measured by UV-VIS spectroscopy. Ultra thin film of Al2O3 was deposited on a gold nanostructures. Thickness of film was 2nm - 8nm. Shift of plasmon resonance was observed, as a result of various dielectric constant of layer.
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Experimental investigation of the PEM fuel cells performance for automotive and stationary applications
PublikacjaThe aim of the study was to provide dynamic characteristics of the PEM fuel cell system consisted of Nexa modules, provide steady-state characteristics of the for different values of air excess ratio and steady-state characteristics for different stack temperatures and given load.
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Numerical modeling of the combustion in a lab-scale pulverized-coal fired combustion chamber
PublikacjaThis work presents results of numerical modeling of the combustion process inside a lab-scale drop-tube chamber, designed to investigate the slagging properties of the flue ashes, created through the solid fuel firing. Interaction between turbulence and chemistry is accounted by use of probability density function (PDF). FLUENT inputs for non-premixed combustion chemistry modeling are defined. A discrete second phase of the coal...
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Numerical modeling of the combustion in a lab-scale pulverized-coal fired combustion chamber
PublikacjaThis work presents results of numerical modeling of the combustion process inside a lab-scale drop-tube chamber, designed to investigate the slagging properties of the flue ashes, created through the solid fuel firing. Interaction between turbulence and chemistry is accounted by use of probability density function (PDF). FLUENT inputs for non-premixed combustion chemistry modeling are defined. A discrete second phase of the coal...
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Determination of pseudocapacitance chan ges of nickel oxide NiO electrode with use of dynamic electrochemical impedancje spectroscopy
PublikacjaThe electrochemical capacitors (ECs) are attractive energy storage devices which can be applied in many electronic products (e.g., cameras, laptops, cell phones) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). The energy storage in ECs is based on capacitive (the electrical double layer charging/discharging) and pseudocapacitive (additional charge provided by faradic reaction) phenomena. Considering the electrodes exhibiting pseudocapacitance,...
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Electroactive polymer/graphene oxide nanostructured composites; evidence for direct chemical interactions between PEDOT and GOx
PublikacjaThis work concerns electrochemical synthesis of nanocomposites consisting of conducting polymer and reduced graphene oxide (rGOx) as electrode materials for supercapacitors. The electrosynthesis was performed in an aqueous solution of the 3,4-ethylenedioxytiophene (EDOT) monomer and graphene oxide (GOx) without supporting electrolyte. The amount of GOx was optimized to obtain the best electrochemical performance of the nanocomposite...
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EFFECT OF SURFACE STATE AND STRESS ON AN OXIDATION OF THE ZIRCALOY-2 ALLOY
PublikacjaZr alloys are widely used as materials for nuclear fuel pellets in the nuclear industry. In the case of the LOCA or RIA happen, a temperature may locally reach high values. Even if the high temperature maintains shortly, the zirconium oxides may become permeable, absorb hydrogen appearing in cooling water from decomposition reaction and crack because of formation and brittle failure of hydrides. Such model cannot so far take into...
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In Vitro Biological Characterization of Silver-Doped Anodic Oxide Coating on Titanium
PublikacjaDespite the high biocompatibility and clinical effectiveness of Ti-based implants, surface functionalization (with complex osteointegrative/antibacterial strategies) is still required. To enhance the dental implant surface and to provide additional osteoinductive and antibacterial properties, plasma electrolytic oxidation of a pure Ti was performed using a nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)-based Ag nanoparticles (AgNP)-loaded calcium–phosphate...
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The impact of air humidity on the operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells determined using dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
PublikacjaThis paper describes the changes in the fuel cell impedance across a range of current loads and humidity changes. The changes of each equivalent circuit parameters representing specific processes occurring in fuel cells, as a function of humidity and current changes, were determined. Within the combined scope of current and humidity, the optimal working conditions of the cells were determined, corresponding to the lowest impedance...
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Flexible dye-sensitized solar cells based on Ti/TiO2 nanotubes photoanode and Pt-free and TCO-free counter electrode system
PublikacjaFlexible dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are getting more attention compared to standard glass covered DSSCs due to their unique commercial applications (e.g. tents or sail surfaces) and the possibility of rolling up into a small, portable device. In this work, titania nanotubes (TiO2 NT) modified with titania nanoparticles (TiO2 NP) were photoelectrochemically characterized as an anode for flexible dye-sensitized solar cells....
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Correlation between partial inhibition of hydrogen evolution using thiourea and catalytic activity of AB5-type hydrogen storage alloy towards borohydride electrooxidation
PublikacjaDirect borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs) are devices which directly convert the chemical energy stored in the borohydride ion and oxidant into electrical energy as a result of redox reactions. Unfortunately, a significant amount of fuel is lost as a result of the undesirable hydrolysis reaction. The selection of an efficient borohydride hydrolysis inhibitor requires detailed knowledge regarding the interaction mechanism between the...