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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: rolling%20resistance
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Accurate rolling resistance Rolling resistance measurements can be influenced by a number of factors
PublikacjaTire rolling resistance is one of the most difficult-to-measure parameters of the tire/ pavement interface, especially if road measurements are required. First of all, it is necessary to measure a fairly small force in the system that is heavily loaded by other forces and subjected to many adverse effects causing measurement errors. The second problem is related to the fact that tire rolling resistance depends on many factors,...
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Type of surface and tire rolling resistance
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Methods of Tire Rolling Resistance Measurements
PublikacjaTire rolling resistance is one of the factors related to tire/road interaction that has important influence on road vehicles performance. Raising fuel price and increased concern related to the environmental changes result in growing interest in reduction of tire rolling resistance that influences fuel consumption, especially in free-flowing highway traffic with moderate speeds. There are several methods of tire rolling resistance measurements....
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INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE TYRE ROLLING RESISTANCE
PublikacjaTemperature is a very important factor controlling rolling resistance of road vehicle tyres. There are at least three different temperatures that may be considered as important factors controlling thermal conditions of the rolling tyre. The most common measure of the thermal conditions during tyre rolling is ambient air temperature. The other two are: pavement temperature and “tyre” temperature. Tyre temperature is the most difficult...
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Rolling resistance measurements of studded tires
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiaru oporu toczenia opon kolcowanych i po usunięciu kolców na nawierzchni poroelastycznej. Badania przeprowadzono na stanowisku bębnowym Katedry Pojazdów i Maszyn Roboczych Politechniki Gdańskiej. Opony kolcowane mają o około 5% wyższy współczynnik oporu toczenia w porównaniu z oponami nie kolcowanymi.
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Final report on noise and rolling resistance
PublikacjaWork Package 6 deals with environmental impacts of PERS use, including noise and rolling resistance. This report covers preliminary noise tests performed in the laboratory and at the road test sites. The obtained results indicate that PERS material reduce noise considerably - up to 12 dB in comparison to SMA16 reference surface. Noise reduction properties are especially visible in the case of factory produced PERS slabs supplied...
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Road texture influence on tire rolling resistance
PublikacjaTire rolling resistance is one of the most important resistive forces acting on road vehicles. It depends on tire and surface characteristics as well as vehicle operating parameters. This paper deals with the influence of road surface texture on rolling resistance of passenger car tires. Results of road measurements performed on variety of road surfaces are presented.
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Tire rolling resistance measurements on the road and in the laboratory
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono stanowisko bębnowe do badania oporu toczenia opon samochdowych w warunkach laboratoryjnych. Zaprezentowano także przyczepę dynamometryczną do badania oporu toczenia opon samochodowych w warunkach drogowych. Stanowisko bębnowe i przyczepa zosały zbudowane w Katedrze Pojazdów i Maszyn Roboczych Politechniki Gdańskiej. Omówiono wpływ wzdłużnego pochylenia drogi i naporu powietrza na badane koło na dokładność...
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Road texture influence on tyre rolling resistance
PublikacjaTyre performance, one of the critical factors for vehicle users, is strongly related to theroad surface characteristics, most notably to the pavement texture. Phenomena that occur at the tyre/road interface affect tyre friction (skid resistance), rolling resistance, tyre wear and tyre/road noise. This article deals with relationship between surface texture and rolling resistance of light and heavy vehicle tyres. Mean profile depth...
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Engineering method of tire rolling resistance evaluation
PublikacjaTire rolling resistance is one of the most difficult tire parameters to measure. The reason is that for modern tires the force of rolling resistance corresponds to 0.5–1% of tire load, thus measurements of very small forces must be performed in a heavily loaded system. This constitutes great problems, especially in road conditions. Laboratory measurements are easier to perform, as the environment may be better controlled, but roadwheel...
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Analysis of Rolling Resistance of Tires With Run Flat Insert
PublikacjaRun flat properties are required for tires intended for special applications like military or rescue vehicles. Run-Flat inserts make possible to drive a car or truck, with certain restrictions, also when inflation pressure is very low or non-existing (after tire damage). Rolling resistance of tires rolling the inserts increases considerably in relation to the rolling resistance of properly inflated tires. This paper presents results...
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Decreasing CO2 Emissions By Reducing Tire Rolling Resistance
PublikacjaThe first motor vehicle was built by Nicolas Cugnot almost 250 years ago and since then there has been a continuous process of motor vehicles’ improvements, as well as development of new road pavements. The fuel crisis of the 70s of the 20th century made it clear to vehicle builders that measures should be taken to reduce vehicle fuel consumption and it contributed to an increased interest in electric vehicles. Although significant...
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Tyre rolling resistance and its influence on fuel consumption
PublikacjaRolling resistance of tyres is one of the major resistive forces acting on any wheeled vehicle. Unfortunately, it is also one of the forces very difficult to measure. It is estimated that in certain traffic conditions (like for example constant speed driving with slow or moderate speed) so called Rolling Resistance Impact Factor may be as high as 0.3. This means that reduction of rolling resistance by 50% would lead to 15% of energy...
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Modernization of the Trailer for Tyre/Road Rolling Resistance Measurements
PublikacjaIn the article the ways of defining tyre rolling resistance are presented. The advantages of the laboratory tests of tyre/road rolling resistance and the advantages and disadvantages of on the road tyre/road rolling resistance tests are described. The description of the special trailer used for tyre/road rolling resistance measurements designed and constructed in the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at Gdansk University of Technology,...
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Influence of Road Wetness on Tire-Pavement Rolling Resistance
PublikacjaRolling resistance of tires is one of the most important factors influencing energy consumption of road vehicles, especially on rural roads. For practical reasons, most of rolling resistance measurements are usually performed for dry road conditions. Based on the fact that roads are wet during a considerable time over the year and as part of the projects MIRIAM, ROLRES and ROSANNE, the TUG (Technical University of Gdańsk) in Poland...
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The influence of road surface unevenness on tyre rolling resistance
PublikacjaThe geometric characteristics of road surface substantially affect the interaction between tyre and road. Depending on pavement texture wavelength, the texture chiefly affects tyre/road friction, rolling resistance, interior and exterior noise, tyre wear, and ride comfort. The article presents results of investigations on the influence of road surface unevenness on the rolling resistance of passenger car and truck tyres. The tests...
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TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE ON TIRE ROLLING RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS QUALITY
PublikacjaGlobal warming makes it necessary to reduce energy consumption, which in the case of motor vehicles, is connected, among other things, with reduction of resistive forces acting on a vehicle during its motion. One of the most important components of those forces is rolling resistance, which is very difficult to measure, especially in road conditions. The article deals with issues related to the influence of the thermal state of...
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INFLUENCE OF LOAD AND INFLATION PRESSURE ON THE TYRE ROLLING RESISTANCE
PublikacjaTyre load and inflation pressure are important factors controlling rolling resistance of road vehicles. The article presents results obtained in the Technical University of Gdańsk during laboratory and road measurements of different car tyres rolling on different pavements. The knowledge of rolling resistance characteristics is important for modelling car dynamics as well as fuel consumption. It is also necessary to establish proper...
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Reduction of Tire Rolling Resistance by Optimization of Road Surfaces and Tires
PublikacjaDuring interaction between tire and road surface three very important phenomena are always in effect. One of them (very desirable) is friction that is important for traction, braking and cornering. Two other phenomena are not desirable at all, that is rolling resistance and noise. This paper discusses relations between road surface and tire parameters versus tire rolling resistance. Road surface texture, porosity, impedance, strength...
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Impact of the surface evenness and texture on tire/road rolling resistance
PublikacjaThis paper deals with the issue of a surface's roughness and texture impact on tire/road rolling resistance. It includes a brief description of research aims, measurements and an analysis of results. It also presents observations and conclusions regarding drum facility modernisation which allows studies concerning surface's roughness and texture impact on tire/road rolling resistance.
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Reduction of noise and rolling resistance by horizontal grinding of asphalt pavements
PublikacjaGrinding of cement concrete pavements to reduce unevenness and noise is common since a long time. Grinding is then made with wheels equipped with diamond blades rotating in the vertical plane. This creates narrow vertical/longitudinal grooves in the pavement. It is not applied to asphalt pavements. In this paper an alternative type of grinding is studied. In this case plates with diamond heads rotate in the same plane as the pavement,...
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Selected Aspects of Pavement Texture Influence on Tire Rolling Resistance
PublikacjaTire rolling resistance has a significant influence on fuel consumption in cars and trucks and on CO2 emissions. Rolling resistance depends on the tire construction, pavement texture and stiffness, as well as environmental and traffic conditions. This article presents a pilot study on the impact of pavement texture on the rolling resistance of passenger car tires. Reasons why Mean Profile Depth is not a good descriptor of pavement...
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DESIGN AND CALIBRATION OF ROLLING RESISTANCE TEST TRAILER R2mk.2
PublikacjaThe paper describes construction nad calibration procedures of the rolling resistance test trailer R2 Mk2. The trailer is design to measure rolling resistance of passenger car tyres in various road conditions on trafficked road. The trailer utilizes so called angle method also known as vertical arm method. The paper presents also calibration procedures that are necessary to ascertain good precision of the measurements.
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TIRE/ROAD NOISE AND TIRE ROLLING RESISTANCE ON PROTOTYPE PERS SURFACE
PublikacjaPoroelastic road surfaces are characterized by low noise of tires running on them.Road pavements of this type are promising solution to problems related to traffic noise in cities and on rural roads. Some technical problems still have to be solved, in particular regarding durability and skid resistance on wet surface. Ongoing and planned works are to contribute to create a quiet, durable and safe road surface, which will become...
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Rolling Resistance And Tire/Road Noise on Rubberized Asphalt Pavement In Poland
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of tire/road noise and rolling resistance measurements performed on stone-matrix asphalt (SMA) that contains rubberized asphalt developed and produced by the company in Poland. Bituminous binder was modified with polymer and additive of crumb rubber. First observations of asphalt mixture with the new kind of modified bitumen used on the field section are presented. Rolling resistance of passenger car...
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Rolling resistance and tyre/road noise on rubberised asphalt pavement in Poland
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of tyre/road noise and rolling resistance measurements performed on stone mastics asphalt (SMA) that contains rubberised asphalt, developed and produced by a refinery in Poland. Bituminous binder was modified with polymer and addition of crumb rubber. The first observations of asphalt mixture with the new kind of modified bitumen used on the field section are presented. Rolling resistance of passenger...
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Method of estimating the rolling resistance coefficient of vehicle tyre using the roller dynamometer
PublikacjaThe tendency in the past few years has been to introduce tyres with lower rolling resistance coefficients to the market. This paper presents a mathematical method for determining the rolling resistance coefficients variation depending on the speed. The method uses power balance which results from automobile dynamics while rolling on chassis dynamometer. The rolling resistance coefficients of tyres obtained through ‘drum test method’,...
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The influence of inflation pressure and ambient temperature on the value of the truck tires rolling resistance
PublikacjaThe articlediscusses the effect of inflation pressure and the ambient temperature on the value of the rolling resistance of truck tires which directly translates into fuel consumption. For this purpose, a series of measurements was made at two ambient temperatures (at 25°C and -15°C), using different pumping pressures.
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Experimental validation of the rolling resistance measurement method including updated draft standard
PublikacjaThe main objective of ROSANNE is the harmonisation and standardisation of the measurement of skid resistance, noise emission and rolling resistance of road pavements. Regarding rolling resistance characterisation, a draft for standardization of a harmonized procedure for classification of road surfaces across Europe has been prepared within WP3 (deliverable 3.5). The procedure deals with the direct measurement on real roads of...
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ANALYSIS OF ROLLING RESISTANCE OF TIRES WITH RUN FLAT INSERT APPLYING DRUM METHOD AND RADIAL CHARACTERISTIC
PublikacjaThis paper presents analysis of rolling resistance of tires with RUN FLAT insert applying drum method and radial characteristic. The conducted studies indicated changes in operational properties of wheel, occurring as a result of inflation pressure drop in the wheel. As regards radial elasticity, such changes result in significant drop of radial rigidity and increase of static deflection and increase of tire rolling resistance....
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Relieving the Measuring System of the Trailer for Tyre/Road Rolling Resistance Measurements from the Inertia Force
PublikacjaIn the article the principle of measuring of tyre/road rolling resistance tyres in road conditions applied in a special measuring trailer is presented. This trailer was built in Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at Gdansk University of Technology. The construction of two special devices used in this trailer was discussed. These devices eliminate the influence of some chosen confounding measurements factors such as: the inertia...
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Scuffing and rolling contact fatigue resistance of discrete laser spot hardened austempered ductile iron
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Noise and Rolling Resistance Properties of Various Types of Winter Tyres Compared to Normal Car Tyres
PublikacjaTo cope with winter weather conditions, potentially including snow and ice, it is common to use winter tyres, or ”all-seasons” tyres assumed to be safe both in summer and winter. In some northern countries, winter tyres are mandatory. Traditionally, it has been assumed that winter tyres are noisier than normal tyres (here called summer tyres) and winter tyres equipped with studs are assumed to be very noisy.This paper presents...
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Resistance of Polypropylene Membrane to Oil Fouling during Membrane Distillation
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Multi-objective weather routing of sailboats considering wave resistance
PublikacjaThe article presents a method to determine the route of a sailing vessel with the aid of deterministic algorithms. The method assumes that the area in which the route is to be determined is limited and the basic input data comprise the wind vector and the speed characteristic of the vessel. Compared to previous works of the authors, the present article additionally takes into account the effect of sea waves with the resultant resistance...
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SAMPLE-AND-HOLDING METHOD FOR GAS SENSING APPLIED FOR RESISTANCE GAS SENSORS
PublikacjaThe DC resistance of a Taguchi gas sensor is influenced by the ambient gas. To improve the selectivity and sensitivity of a sensor the fluctuation enhanced sensing (FES) was used. The paper proposes a novel methodology of utilizing FES technique that sample composition of an ambient atmosphere and hold it for further processing (sample-and-holding technique). The method uses the heated gas sensor to sample an ambient atmosphere...
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COMPARISON OF HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS IN SURFACE COOLING WITH BOILING MICROJETS OF WATER, ETHANOL AND HFE7100
PublikacjaThe basis of microjet technology is to produce laminar jets which when impinging the surface have a very high kinetic energy at the stagnation point. Boundary layer is not formed in those conditions, while the area of film cooling has a very high turbulence resulting from a very high heat transfer coefficient. Applied technology of jet production can result with the size of jets ranging from 20 to 500μm in breadth and 20 to 100μm...
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Comparison of heat transfer characteristics in surface cooling with boiling microjets of water, ethanol and HFE7100
PublikacjaThe basis of microjet technology is to produce jets which impinge the surface at the stagnation point with a very high kinetic energy. Main objective of this paper was to investigate the physical phenomena occurring on solid surfaces upon impingement of the single microjet in case of three fluids, namely water, ethanol and HFE7100. Intense heat transfer in the impact zone of microjet has been examined and described with precise...
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Statistical Dynamics of the Rolling Mills
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Location of ship rolling axis.
PublikacjaPodano definicję osi kołysań statku i metodę określania jej położenia. Położenie osi zależy nie tylko od rozkładu mas statku ale równiez od tzw. ''mas towarzyszących'', które są reprezentacją sił hydrodynamicznych działających na statek w czasie kołysania. Podano proste formuły pozwalajace obliczyć poprawne położenie osi kołysań statku.
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Scientific Drilling
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Microbial Drug Resistance
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The lubricant-coating interaction in rolling and sliding contacts
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Hertzian Crack Propagation in Ceramic Rolling Elements
PublikacjaThe properties of ceramics are of most interest to rolling element manufacturers. The influence of ring crack size on rolling contact fatigue failure has been studied using numerical fracture analysis. Such crack are very often found on ceramic bearing balls and decrease fatigue life rapidly. The numerical calculations are based on a three dimensional model for the ring crack propagation. The stress intensity factors along crack...
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Analysis of Asymmetrical Rolling Process of Multilayer Plates
PublikacjaW niniejszej pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań numerycznych asymetrycznego procesu walcowania blach wielowarstwowych M1E-Al99,8-AlMg5. Modelowanie numeryczne procesu walcowania blach wielowarstwowych przeprowadzono w programie Forge 2D, którego obliczenia bazują na metodzie elementów skończonych. Przedstawione w pracy wyniki umożliwiły przeprowadzenie analizy procesu walcowania blach wielowarstwowych.
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Towards solving heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problem with time windows and additional constraints: real use case study
PublikacjaIn advanced logistic systems, there is a need for a comprehensive optimization of the transport of goods, which would reduce costs. During past decades, several theoretical and practical approaches to solve vehicle routing problems (VRP) were proposed. The problem of optimal fleet management is often transformed to discrete optimization problem that relies on determining the most economical transport routes for a number of vehicles...
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Polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membranes modified with hybrid Ag/titanate nanotubes: physicochemical characteristics, antimicrobial properties and fouling resistance
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Manufacturing of resistant joints by rolling for light tubular structures
PublikacjaKoncepcja łączenia aluminiowych elementów rurowych z zastosowaniem nagniatania plastycznego jest alternatywą do istniejących metod łączenia przez spawanie i skręcanie. W artykule prezentowane są oryginalne wyniki badań wpływu parametrów nagniatania wewnętrznego i zewnętrznego oraz różnych postaci powierzchni łączonych na wytrzymałość złącza (aluminium-aluminium) pod wpływem rozciągających sił osiowych.Badania przeprowadzono na...
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The Rolling Contact Fatigue of PVD Coated Spur Gears
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The surface contact characteristics after sliding and rolling burnishing.
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono zastosowanie nowej metody SCGC i odpowiedniego programu komputerowego JKC do oceny pomierzonej mikrostereometrii powierzchni części maszyn, głównie na potrzeby kontroli jakości. Na przykładzie powierzchni nagniatanych wykazano cechy nowej metody: wizualizację ułatwiającą wyobrażenie pomierzonej sfery chropowatości, położenie w niej najważniejszych parametrów oceny (rozkład geometrycznej powierzchni kontaktu,...