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Search results for: FRICTION STIR WELDING
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Weldability of S460ML High Strength Low Alloy Steel in Underwater Conditions
PublicationThe paper presents experimental evaluation of susceptibility of the high strength S460ML steel to cold cracking in the conditions of wet welding with the use of covered electrodes. From the results of Tekken tests it was found out that the investigated steel was characterised, in the conditions of the carried out experiments (underwater wet welding and air welding with rutile electrodes), of high susceptibility to cold cracking....
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Tribological Properties of Thermoplastic Materials Formed by 3D Printing by FDM Process
PublicationThe dataset entitled 3D printed ABS thermoplastic vs. steel. Dry sliding wear test in constant load & velocity ring on flat configuration. Test parameters: print layer thickness and orientation. Test symbol: 019_h_4 contains: the time base (expressed in seconds and minutes), the friction torque for sliding friction, rotational velocity of the counter – specimen (velocity of sliding), friction coefficient, load in the friction contact...
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Ocena odporności powłok na bazie DLC na doraźne uszkodzenie w warunkach tarcia ślizgowego ze smarowaniem wodą i solą fizjologiczną = Evaluation of DLC based coatings resistance to instanteneous damage under sliding friction conditions with distilated water or saline lubrication
PublicationWykonano serię testów w celu wyznaczenia granicznych warunków wymuszenia, zdefiniowaego jako średnie naciski powierzchniowe oraz prędkość ślizgania, po przekroczeniu których następuje gwałtowne zniszczenie powłoki. Na podstawie wyników pomiarów opracowano aproksymowane charakterystyki granicznych wymuszeń w układzie p - v oraz pokrewnych dla badanych materiałów, smarów i zakresu parametrów wymuszenia.
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Wpływ wybranych właściwości maszyny badawczej na wynik eksperymentu tribologicznego z tarciem ślizgowym
PublicationNiniejsza monografia stanowi podsumowanie przekrojowych badań związanych z wpływem właściwości stanowiska badawczego (tribometru) na przebieg i rejestrowane wyniki eksperymentu tribologicznego z tarciem ślizgowym ciał stałych smarowanych cieczą w warunkach tarcia bez efektów smarowania hydrodynamicznego. Autor przedstawia wyniki kompleksowych analiz właściwości dynamicznych stanowiska badawczego w kontekście efektów obserwowanych...
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Weldability of S500MC Steel in Underwater Conditions
PublicationWet welding with the use of covered electrodes is one of the methods of underwater welding. This method is the oldest, the most economic and the most versatile. The main difficulties during underwater wet welding are: high cooling rates of the joint, the presence of hydrogen in the arc area and formation of hard martensitic structure in the weld. These phenomena are often accompanied by porosity of welds and large number of spatters,...
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Reliability model of the crankshaft-piston assembly
PublicationThe laws that govern the durability of crankshaft-piston assembly friction nodes can be proved or at least derived or justified in an intuitive way. Operation of all the friction nodes is disturbed by external factors occurring with randomly changing intensity and also appearing at random. As the crankshaft-piston assembly friction nodes have a series structure and effects of those disturbances accumulate, their fitness for use...
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Analiza i ocena poprawności działania węzła tarcia w aspekcie II zasady termodynamiki
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono autorską metodę sprawdzania poprawności działania węzła tarcia traktowanego jako układ tribologiczny w aspekcie II zasady termo-dynamiki na podstawie analizy i oceny wyników badań laboratoryjnych wykonanych na stanowisku badawczym. Jako stanowisko wykorzystany został zmodyfikowany węzeł tarcia aparatu czterokulowego T-02. Zaprezentowano algorytm, według którego zostały wykonane badania empiryczne. Wykazano,...
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Effect of Arc Strikes on High Strength Low Alloy Steels Welded by SMAW
PublicationWet welding with covered electrodes (Shielded Metal Arc Welding – SMAW) is the most commonly used method of carrying out welding repair works in a water environment. Limited visibility and the inability to move freely under water result in an increased risk of formation of welding imperfections such as lack of fusion, lack of penetration and arc strikes. The work focused on changes in the properties and structure of steel subjected...
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Investigations into tendency to stress corrosion of joints welded in austenitic and duplex steels
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań spawanych złączy różnoimiennych wykonanych ze stali austenitycznej oraz typu duplex 2205. Badania podatności do korozji naprężeniowej złączy wykonano metodą odkształcania z małą prędkością. Próby przeprowadzono w środowisku obojętnym oraz agresywnym (MgCl2).
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Research into GTA automatic soft soldering technology for solar energy collector components
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Technology of laser deposition of narrow bead overlays using solid and flux-cored wires
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A study of modern materials for arc spraying
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Heat tint colours on stainless steel and welded joints
PublicationSurface layer condition of stainless steels and welded joints influences strongly their corrosion resistance. This problem seems to be underestimated. This current study explains the phenomenon of heat tint forming on welds, the methods of its removal, inspection procedures after heat tint removing and post weld finishing
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Regeneration of marine engine valves using laser surfacing
PublicationThis article presents an analysis of the applicability of laser surfacing of the exhaust valve face of a marine diesel engine using cobalt-based powder. After preparation by machining, the selected valves were subjected to laser surfacing using a high-power ROFIN DL020 laser. The EuTroLoy 16012 powder was used in the surfacing process. One of the valves was cut and subjected to metallographic examination and hardness measurements,...
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Preliminary investigations of effect of conditions of FCAW process on diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal
PublicationOne of the types of hydrogen degradation of steel welded joints is cold cracking. The direct cause of the formation of cold cracks is simultaneous presence of hydrogen, residual stresses and brittle structure. The way of preventing the occurring of degradation is to eliminate at least one of these factors. Practice has shown that the best solution is to control the amount of hydrogen in deposited metal. In this paper the state...
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Determination of causes of accelerated local corrosion of austenitic steels in water supply systems
PublicationThis paper concerns an inspection of a water supply system, made of AISI 304 steel, which showed signs of local corrosion at the weld. Such corrosion caused material perforation after very short periods of operation. It was revealed that steel was sensitised during the welding process. It was also proven that chromium micro-segregation occurred in the alloy leading to galvanic cell formation which initialised the process of pitting...
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Te use of acoustic emission for assessment of the oil lubricity in a four-ball tester
Publicationin view of the increased dynamic and temperature load in the compression-ignition engine tribological systems, particular attention is drawn to the problem of such lubrication of the friction nodes that after breaking the boundary layer it could be restored without any wear occurring. therefore, an idea has been devised of introducing to friction nodes, with the lubrication oils, of new substances (operational preparations) modifying...
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Zagadnienia tribologiczne w hamulcu silnika hydraulicznego
PublicationPrzedmiotem badań był prototypowy hamulec cierny wielopłytkowy do silnika satelitowego SM-0,6 o teoretycznej objętości roboczej 16,7 cm3/obr. Hamulec ten zbudowany był z 27 tarcz ciernych wykonanych z materiału TOLOX oraz z pakietu sprężyn talerzowych zamontowanych w układzie X. Zablokowanie hamulca następuje w skutek siły docisku pakietu sprężyn talerzowych płytek ciernych co następuje w chwili spadku ciśnienia w komorze tłoka...
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Effect of Linear Energy and Microstructure on the Content of Residual Hydrogen in Welded Joints made of Superduplex Steels
PublicationThe article presents tests concerning the content of retained hydrogen present in FCAW and SAW welded joints made of superduplex steel. The use of various welding technologies resulted in the obtainment of welds having different microstructures and ferrite contents. Measurements of retained hydrogen present in joints (performed using the complete combustion method) revealed various contents of hydrogen in the base material and...
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Tribological model of porous bearings with particular attention given to the lubricant lubricity
PublicationThe friction and wear problems, accompanying all the tribological systems, lead to reduced service life. In order to prevent such situation, it is necessary to maintain fluid friction, which improves durability of all friction nodes in a tribological system. In the paper, the tribological system consists of porous bearings and the model deals with their weakest spots - the oil outflow points in the porous wall. A kinetic model...
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APPLICATION POSSIBILITIES OF THE S960 STEEL IN UNDERWATER WELDED STRUCTURES
PublicationIn this paper, the application possibilities of the ultra-high strength (UHSS). Domex 960 steel in the underwater welded structures are analyzed. In the research, the investigated material has been tested in bead-on-plate wet welding conditions with the usage of different heat input values, namely 0.63 kJ/mm, 0.72 kJ/mm and 0.93 kJ/mm. Specimens were performed by the manual metal arc (MMA) welding method with the usage of rutile...
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Sensitivity analysis of critical loads of I-columns
PublicationThe first order variation of critical buckling load of thin-walled columns with bisymmetric open cross-section due to some variations of the design variables such as: cross-section dimensions, or material characteristics is derived. The influence of the residual welding stresses is taken into account. In the numerical examples dealing with I-column the functions describing the effect of the variation of the dimensions of the flange...
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IDENTIFICATION OF THE INTERFECE OF LATERAL SLIDE BEARINGS
PublicationIn the paper, the model of slide bearings of motor engine, the metodology of research on this type of bearings and its results are presented measurement standpoint consisting of main elements of Briggs & Stratton 550 serie 10 T 802 model piston motor engine driven by three phase elektric engine is introduced . On the measurement standpoint are measurements were done, needed for specification...
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Effects of preheating on laser beam–welded NSSC 2120 lean duplex steel
PublicationDuplex stainless steels show sustainable alternative for the conventional austenitic grades, with higher strength, higher resistance against stress corrosion cracking, and lower purchase cost. Thus, duplex stainless steel gains more attention in construction, oil and gas, and chemical industries. Among duplex stainless steels, low nickel and low molybdenum alloyed lean duplex stainless steel are a cost-efective substitution of...
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Dynamics Conscious Approach to Tribometer Design and Tribo-testing
PublicationIn the paper findings are discussed on the issue of dynamic characteristics of a tribometer as a factor influencing the result of the tribological experiment. An advanced approach to tribo-testing is attempted with integrated dynamic analysis of the tribometer and the sliding pair. The fundamental idea is explored of the tribometer being regarded as any machine in which friction is inflicted with all the resulting consequences...
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Tilting pad thrust bearing with novel material selection - experimental comparison of low and medium speed operation
PublicationThe advances in material engineering led to the development of hard carbon based coatings applied in numerous applications in order to prevent or minimize wear of the parts in contact. With Triondur® coatings, the bearing company Schaeffler has succeeded in halving the friction losses in the valve trains of passenger cars. The coatings are optimized for high abrasive wear protection and low sliding friction moments. Altogether...
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Corrigendum to “An investigation on residual stress and fatigue life assessment of T-shape welded joints” [Eng. Fail. Anal. 141 (2022) 106685]
PublicationThis paper aims to quantitatively evaluate the residual stress and fatigue life of T-type welded joints with a multi-pass weld in different direction. The main research objectives of the experimental test were to test the residual stress by changing direction along with multiple wielding passes and determine the fatigue life of the welded joints. The result shows that compressive residual stress increases in the sample gradually...
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Failure of austenitic stainless steel tubes during steam generator operation
PublicationThe article presents the failure process of austenitic stainless steels used in power devices, such as heat exchangers, steam generators, in terms of local corrosion: pitting, stress and intergranular corrosion, paying particular attention to welded joints area. The effect of steel chemical composition, microstructure, welding process and work environment was analyzed. The second part of the article presents the results of the...
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An investigation on residual stress and fatigue life assessment of T-shape welded joints
PublicationThis paper aims to quantitatively evaluate the residual stress and fatigue life of T-type welded joints with a multi-pass weld in different direction. The main research objectives of the experimental test were to test the residual stress by changing direction along with multiple wielding passes and determine the fatigue life of the welded joints. The result shows that compressive residual stress increases in the sample gradually...
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The use of Acoustic Emission to identification damages bearings the main and crank engines about the automatic ignition
PublicationThe article describes the laboratory tests, which make the first stage of the study concerning the use of the AE method to determine the technical state of the slide bearings in engines with self-ignition. The aim of the present tests was to compare the recorded signals in relation to the technical state of the material of the bearing bush and to check the possibility of using the AE method in determining the transition moment...
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Activated Tungsten Inert Gas Weld Characteristics of P91 Joint for Advanced Ultra Supercritical Power Plant Applications
PublicationActivated Tungsten Inert Gas (A-TIG) welding, a variant of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, was used for welding P91. In Generation IV power plants, P91 welds are prone to premature failure due to the presence and formation of brittle phases and creep at high temperatures. When performing A-TIG welding, the flux composition plays a role in the reversal of the Marangoni flow in the weld pool, which ultimately determines the level...
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Prognozowanie właściwości złączy spawanych pod wodą metodą lokalnej komory suchej
PublicationNiniejsza praca jest poświęcona spawaniu pod wodą metodą lokalnej komory suchej (MLKS) i przedstawia metodologię oraz narzędzia umożliwiające prognozowanie właściwości złączy spawanych wykonanych przy zastosowaniu tej odmiany spawania. Monografia zawiera opis rozwoju spawania pod wodą oraz charakterystykę metod wykorzystywanych do realizacji prac spawalniczych. Zaproponowano nowy podział metod spawania pod wodą, uwzględniający...
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Mechanical and Microstructural Characterization of TIG Welded Dissimilar Joints between 304L Austenitic Stainless Steel and Incoloy 800HT Nickel Alloy
PublicationIn this article, the mechanical properties and microstructure of 304L austenitic stainless steel/Incoloy 800HT nickel alloy dissimilar welded joints are investigated. The joints were made of 21.3 mm × 7.47 mm tubes using the TIG process with the use of S Ni 6082 nickel filler metal. No welding imperfections were found and high strength properties of joints were obtained, meeting the assumed acceptance criteria of the product’s...
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Corrigendum to “Fatigue life improvement using low transformation temperature weld material with measurement of residual stress” [Int. J. Fatigue 164 (2022) 107137]
PublicationWelding processes often produce high levels of tensile residual stress. Low transformation temperature (LTT) welding wires utilise phase transformation strains to overcome the thermal contraction of a cooling weld. In this paper, the residual stress within each weld was quantified using the milling/strain gauge method, being the strain change measured as the weldment was milled away. The fatigue tests were conducted under uniaxial...
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Fatigue life improvement using low transformation temperature weld material with measurement of residual stress
PublicationWelding processes often produce high levels of tensile residual stress. Low transformation temperature (LTT) welding wires utilise phase transformation strains to overcome the thermal contraction of a cooling weld. In this paper, the residual stress within each weld was quantified using the milling/strain gauge method, being the strain change measured as the weldment was milled away. The fatigue tests were conducted under uniaxial...
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Badania wytrzymałościowe zgrzein łączących pręty zbrojeniowe o średnicy Ø30mm
PublicationZakres badań dotyczy oceny wytrzymałościowej zgrzein doczołowych, wykonanych metodą zwarciową. Elementami zgrzewanymi były pręty zbrojeniowe o średnicy Ø30mm. Badania związane są z okresową kontrolą stabilności parametrów zgrzewarki, szczególnie w odniesieniu do górnych, dopuszczalnych przez producenta zakresów parametrów zgrzewania oraz analizą wyników i porównaniu rezultatów prób wytrzymałościowych uzyskanych w 2019 i 2020 w...
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Study on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Welded Dissimilar Joint of P91 Steel and INCOLOY 800HT Nickel Alloy
PublicationThis investigation attempts to explore the weld characteristics of a laser welded dissimilar joint of ferritic/martensitic 9Cr-1Mo-V-Nb (P91) steel and Incoloy 800HT austenitic nickel alloy. This dissimilar joint is essential in power generating nuclear and thermal plants operating at 600–650 °C. In such critical operating conditions, it is essential for a dissimilar joint to preserve its characteristics and be free from any kind...
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Assessment of absorbability of seamless flux cored wires stored in extreme conditions
PublicationWater absorption tests by gravimetric method of three specimens of seamless rutile flux cored wires for flux cored arc welding were carried out. Examined wires are characterized by varied absorbability (Wg is ranged from 0.03 to 0.11% after 200 h of moisturizing).
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Application of the Barkhausen effect probe with adjustable m agnetic field direction for stress state determination in the P91 ste el pipe
PublicationThe paper presents the results of application of a novel Barkhausen effect (BE) probe with adjustable magnetizing field direction for the stress level evaluation in ferromagnetic materials. The investigated sample was in a form of a pipe, made of P91 steel that was anisotropic due to the production process. The measurements were performed before and after welding, revealing the influence of welding process on the residual stress...
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Cattaneo–Christov heat flow model for copper–water nanofluid heat transfer under Marangoni convection and slip conditions
PublicationThis report is devoted to the study of the flow of MHD nanofluids through a vertical porous plate with a temperature-dependent surface tension using the Cattaneo–Christov heat flow model. The energy equation was formulated using the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model instead of Fourier’s law of heat conduction. The Tiwari–Das model was used to take into account the concentration of nanoparticles when constructing the momentum equation....
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INVESTIGATION OF JOURNAL SLIDE BEARINGS UNDER THE ANGLE OF THEIR FUNCTIONING
PublicationPaper presents the structure and principle of operation of a stand for measurements of influence of the lubrication method and process on functioning of journal slide bearings in their various technical states. Measurements performed on the stand make it possible to take advantage of the new method of evaluating the influence of physical and chemical properties of lubricating oil on the coefficient of friction in the mixed friction...
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Experimental research on water lubricated marine stern tube bearings in conditions of improper lubrication and cooling causing rapid bush wear
PublicationWater lubricated bearings are popular in sliding bearings of marine propeller shafts, turbines and pump shafts. Such popularity is partly due to their simple construction which also means a relatively affordable price. In practical experience one may also observe cases of rapid wear or even malfunctions of this bearings, some of which may be caused by insufficient flow of lubricant leading to overheating. The conducted...
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Wstępne badania technologii spawania złączy narożnych ze stali niskoweglowej i nierdzewnej o grubości g=6mm i g=10mm
PublicationCelem pracy był dobór parametrów spawania dla spoin narożnych o grubości 6mm i 10mm próbek wykonanych ze stali niskowęglowej S355 i stali nierdzewnej - typu 304 (X6CrNI18-10). Złącza były spawane laserowo, jednostronnie z pełnym przetopem a powierzchnie lica i grani zapewniają uzyskanie szczelności przylegającego elementu uszczelniającego. Próbki zostały dostarczone przez Zleceniodawcę. Próby zostały przeprowadzone na stanowisku...
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Corrosion behavior of hydrogen charged super duplex stainless steel welded joints
PublicationThe electrochemical behavior of the weld metal, heat-affected zone (HAZ), and base material of super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) welded joints, made with the application of flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) and submerged arc welding (SAW), were investigated with the use of metallographic examinations (optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy), potentiodynamic polarization measurements and total hydrogen content determination...
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Weldability of Underwater Wet-Welded HSLA Steel: Effects of Electrode Hydrophobic Coatings
PublicationThe paper presents the effects of waterproof coatings use to cover electrodes on the weldability of high-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) steel in water. With the aim of improving the weldability of S460N HSLA steel in water, modifications of welding filler material were chosen. The surfaces of electrodes were covered by different hydrophobic substances. The aim of the controlled thermal severity (CTS) test was to check the influence...
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Nanosorbents as Materials for Extraction Processes of Environmental Contaminants and Others
PublicationThe aim of this work focuses on the application of nanomaterials (NMs) in different sorp- tive extraction techniques for the analysis of organic contaminants from environmental samples of distinct matrix compositions. Without any doubt, the integration of specific NMs such as carbona- ceous nanomaterials, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), silica na- noparticles, and ion-imprinted NPs with so lid-phase...
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Inverse determination of sliding surface temperature based on measurements by thermocouples with account of their thermal inertia
PublicationThis study developed an inverse heat conduction algorithm to determine temperature at a sliding surface taking account of thermocouple thermal inertia. The direct heat conduction problem was solved analytically based on the Laplace integral transform approach. The inverse algorithm was applied to the problem of friction of a brake material against a steel. The experiments were conducted on a pin-on-disc tribometer for three short-time...
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Assessment of hydrogenation of deposited metal of P 62 MR covered electrodes
PublicationThe determination of diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal of P 62 MR covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding by mercury method was carried out. The test results indicate that covered electrodes 62 P MR grade generate a mean of 4.02 ml/100g of diffusible hydrogen in deposited metal, which is consistent with H5 class.
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Numerical Modeling of Cone Penetration Test in Slightly Overconsolidated Clay with Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian Formulation
PublicationIn this paper the results of the cone penetration test (CPT) modeling with the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation provided by Abaqus software package have been presented. The study compares the cone resistance and sleeve friction obtained in numerical analysis with values measured in soundings performed in the uniform layer of clayey soil in the Koszalin area. The clay layer was found to be slightly overconsolidated...
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Performance of acicular grindable thermocouples for temperature measurements at sliding contacts
PublicationThe present study investigates the performance of acicular grindable thermocouples based on a constantan wire / steel hollow cylinder construction. The experiments showed that the measuring junction electrical resistance, temperature–voltage characteristic, measuring junction rise time and signal noise standard deviation of the acicular thermocouples are comparable to those of conventional J-type thermocouples with bare wire diameter...