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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: SAFETY CASE
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Towards Agile Development of Critical Software
PublikacjaThe paper presents a case study aiming at collecting opinions of software en-gineers on the risks related to integration of agile practices to safety-critical software development projects. The study has been performed within the scope of our research targetting at providing critical software developers with a comprehensive solution allowing to incorporate agile practices into software development process while still being conformant...
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Image Representation for Cognitive Systems Using SOEKS and DDNA: A Case Study for PPE Compliance
PublikacjaCognitive Vision Systems have gained significant interest from academia and industry during the past few decade, and one of the main reasons behind this is the potential of such technologies to revolutionize human life as they intend to work under complex visual scenes, adapting to a comprehensive range of unforeseen changes, and exhibiting prospective behavior. The combination of these properties aims to mimic the human capabilities...
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Agile Development of Critical Software - Can It be Justified?
PublikacjaThe paper introduces the problem of application of agile practices in critical software development projects. It summarizes the present state of research and identifies the need for having a ready-to-use model of being agile while still meeting the required assurance levels which could be particularly useful for small and medium sized safety-critical software companies. Then the objective and scope of a research aiming at delivering...
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Towards the assessment of potential impact of unmanned vessels on maritime transportation safety
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Modelling the Safety Levels of ICT Equipment Exposed to Strong Electromagnetic Pulses
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GAMBIT's position within the European Union's III Road Safety Plan
PublikacjaOtwarcie Seminarium GAMBIT 2006, poświęcone wnioskom z dotychczasowych działań oraz planom na przyszłość, zawartym w najnowszym Krajowym Programie GAMBIT 2005. Prace nad nim rozpoczęto w sierpniu 2004, czyli tuż po wejściu Polski do Unii Europejskiej. W kwietniu 2005 Rada Ministrów przyjęła GAMBIT 2005 jako program dla Polski na lata 2005-2013, skonstruowany zgodnie z metodyką opracowaną dla tych krajów UE-25, których poziom zagrożenia...
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Functional safety in the context of risk appraisal criteria and cost-benefit analysis
PublikacjaRozdział przedstawia aktualne zagadnienia dotyczące analizy kosztów i efektów rozwiązań związanych z bezpieczeństwem na przykładzie systemów elektrycznych, elektronicznych i programowalnych elektronicznych (E/E/PE) pełniących funkcje sterowania i zabezpieczeń w obiektach podwyższonego ryzyka. Podkreśla się znaczenie kryteriów związanych z bezpieczeństwem, takich jak tolerowalność ryzyka (TOR) w kontekście analizy kosztów i efektów...
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Technological improvements in food production in the context of food quality and health safety.
PublikacjaW rozdziale wykazano sprzeczność pomiędzy szczytnymi celami Prawa Żywnościowego UE mającymi na celu absolutna ochronę zdrowia konsumenta a praktyką i wpływem wielkich organizacji przemysłowych skutkiem działań których, liczba dodatków do żywności z ok. 260 dozwolonych w RP przed wstąpieniem do UE wzrosła do ponad 330 wg aktów prawnych UE. Stosowanie dodatków do żywności ma przede wszystkim na celu przedłużenie okresu "shelf life"...
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Computer aided failure modes and effect analysis of safety related controlsystem
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiamy problem związany z podniesieniem bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego elementów wykonawczych na przykładzie zaworu regulacyjnego. Jest to istotne z punktu widzenia pracy całego układu, ponieważ elementy wykonawcze decydują o wypełnieniu misji związanej z produkcją lub bezpieczeństwem. Stosowanie analizy FMECA na etapie projektowania umożliwia wyznaczenie krytycznych uszkodzeń z całego ich zbioru oraz określenie...
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OF-FEMEA: an approach to safety analysis of object oriented software intensive systems.
PublikacjaArtykuł przedstawia rozszerzenie metody FMEA znanej z jej zastosowań w stosunku do systemów związanych z bezpieczeństwem, w sposób umożliwiający jej stosowanie do systemów zawierających oprogramowanie i budowanych zgodnie z podejściem obiektowym. Punktem wyjścia dla metody są modele współpracy wyrażone w notacji UML. Komponenty systemu są modelowane z zastosowaniem notacji formalnej CSP. Metoda wspomaga systematyczną identyfikacje...
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Risk analysis and functional safety assessment with regard to human andorganisational factors
PublikacjaReferat poświęcono wybranym zagadnieniom analizy ryzyka i zarządzania bezpieczeństwem funkcjonalnym systemów związanych z bezpieczeństwem. Systemy takie, zawierające coraz częściej jednostki programowalne, są potencjalnie narażone na błędy człowieka, które mają swoje źródło w uchybieniach organizacyjnych. W procesie analizy ryzyka takich systemów proponuje się stosować metody jakościowe i ilościowe. Potencjalne błędy człowieka...
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Proposal of the interpretation of technical systems operation to determine their safety and reliability indices.
PublikacjaW artykule zaproponowano interpretację wartościującą działania, które (podobnie jak przedstawione w fizyce działania Hamiltona i Maupertiusa oraz działanie wynikające ze zmiany pędu ciała) jest rozpatrywane jako wielkość fizyczna o jednostce miary zwanej dżulosekundą [dżulsekunda]. Przedstawiono oryginalna metodę analizy i oceny działania systemu technicznego z uwzględnieniem jego niezawodności i bezpieczeństwa funkcjonowania....
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The application of risk analysis in the assessment and management of road safety in road tunnels
PublikacjaTunele drogowe są najbardziej wrażliwymi za zakłócenia, spowodowane wypadkami drogowymi, elementami sieci drogowej. Najpoważniejszymi wypadkami w tych obiektach są zdarzenia z udziałem samochodów ciężarowych przewożących materiały niebezpieczne. Od kilku lat zatem rozwijane są w Europie metody analizy ryzyka i budowane narzedzia do zarządzania ryzykiem w tunelach drogowych. W Polsce zaczyna się budować tunele drogowe, a problem...
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ASSESSMENT OF SAFETY OF PAIN CONTROL BY NON-OPIOID OVER-THE COUNTER MEDICATIONS
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Problems in designing and operating the functional safety solutions of higher integriity levels
PublikacjaThe aim of this article is to identify and discuss some problems that have been encountered in designing and operating the functional safety solutions of higher safety integrity levels (SIL 3 and SIL 4) in the light of analyses outlined in a new version of the international standard IEC 61508:2010. Examples of such solutions are the electric / electronic / programmable electronic systems (E/E/PESs) and the safety instrumented systems...
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Foreign visitors from Visegrad countries with regard to road safety in Poland
PublikacjaIn the paper the authors present road safety situation in the Polish regions mostly visited by Czech, Slovakian and Hungarian tourists. These regions include Mazowieckie, Dolnoslaskie, Slaskie and Malopolskie voivodeships. After description of the regions and main touristic destinations for foreigners from Visegrad countries, a detailed road safety analysis performed for the period 2007-2012 is given. The paper ends with conclusions in...
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Integrated safety and security analysis of hazardous plants and systems of critical infrastructure
PublikacjaThis article addresses an integrated safety and security analysis approach of hazardous industrial plants and systems of critical infrastructure. Nowadays due to new hazards that emerge there are opinions among experts that these issues require an integrated approach in life cycle, from the design concept, through the design and operation of the plant, to its decommissioning. It is proposed to start from an interesting methodology...
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Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs)—Toxicity, Safety and Green Synthesis: A Critical Review
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Designing issues of the alarm system in context of functional safety and human factors
PublikacjaThis article addresses selected aspects of the alarm system and human factors that should be evaluated during the design and operation of an industrial hazardous installation. In such installations the layer of protection analysis (LOPA) methodology is often applied for simplified risk analysis based on defined accident scenarios. To reduce and control the risks the safety instrumented functions (SIFs) are identified and their...
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The safety issue of roadside advertising – comparison of polish and abu dhabi regulations
PublikacjaIn Poland a large number of advertisements are located by the roadside. These ads do not support road traffic management and unlike the road marking system are not subject to any regulations. The advertiser’s goal is to communicate a message to as many recipients as possible. Drivers with different individual abilities, such as attention focusing, eye accommodation, speed of information processing, can be distracted, blinded or...
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The effect of road restraint systems on the level of road safety - Polish experience
PublikacjaRoadside accidents happen when a vehicle runs off the road. The majority of these accidents are very severe because leaving the road is usually followed by hitting a solid obstacle (tree, pole, support, culvert front wall, barrier). Roadsides are some of the most important issues of road safety. They have been studied for years to identify roadside hazards and the effectiveness of road safety measures such as restraint systems....
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Times Series Analysis Of Road Safety Trends At The Regional Level In Poland
PublikacjaThe paper presents possibility of applying a structural times series modeling with explanatory and intervention variables as a tool capable for explaining the changes in the monthly number of fatalities and seriously injured in traffic accidents. The analysis covers regional level and takes into consideration traffic accidents data of two regions: Pomorskie and Warmia-Mazury. In addition short-term forecasts for the two regions...
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Effect of vehicle motion stability after impact/crash on traffic safety
PublikacjaThe article presents the application of general stability theory to the study of road traffic stability immediately after an impact (crash, collision). It turns out that when modelling a collision, vehicles can be treated as colliding masses and dynamical systems can be assigned to this phenomenon.
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Road safety analysis in Poland using time-series modelling techniques
PublikacjaA number of international studies argue that there is a correlation between the number of traffic fatalities and the degree of public activity. The studies use the unemployment rate to support that argument. As unemployment grows miles travelled fall, a factor known to affect road safety. This relationship seems to be true for Poland, as well. The model presented in the paper is intended to prove it. It is a structural time-series local...
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The Application of Risk Analysis in the Assessment and Management of Road Safety in Road Tunnels
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Current issues of functional safety and cybersecurity analysis of the industrial and critical infrastructures
PublikacjaThis article addresses some functional safety assessment procedures with cybersecurity aspects in critical industrial installations with regard to the functional safety requirements specified in standards IEC 61508 and IEC 61511. The functional safety management includes hazard identification, risk analysis and assessment, specification of overall safety requirements and definition of safety functions. Based on the risk assessment...
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INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL SAFETY AND CYBERSECURITY ANALYSIS METHOD FOR SMART MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS
PublikacjaThis article addresses integrated functional safety and cybersecurity analysis with regard to: the generic functional safety standard IEC 61508 and the cyber security standard IEC 62443 concerning an industrial automation and control system (IACS). The objective is to mitigate the vulnerability of information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) systems, and reduce relevant risks taking into account a set of fundamental...
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Spatial differentiation of road safety in Europe based on NUTS-2 regions
PublikacjaRoad safety varies significantly across the regions in Europe. To understand the factors behind this differentiation and the effects they have, data covering 263 NUTS-2 (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) regions across Europe (European Union and Norway) have been analysed. The assessment was made using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). As a dependent variable the Road Fatality Rate (RFR – number of fatalities...
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Novel proposal for V2X systems and WBAN cooperation to improve road safety
PublikacjaIn this paper, a novel proposal of the automotive Vehicle-to-Everything system solution is presented. In this proposal, there are included the Machine to Machine type communication system and the sensor system based on a short-range the Wireless Body Area Network communication. The aim of this paper is the analysis of the model for communication, especially its architecture and signals structure for the proposed solution. The use...
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Cognitive engineering and functional safety technology for reducing risks in hazardous plants
PublikacjaCognitive engineering is considered nowadays as interesting multidisciplinary domain that focuses on improving the relations between humans and the systems that are supervised and operated. The industrial automation and control systems (IACS) in hazardous plants are increasingly computerized and perform various safety functions. These are designed and implemented according to the functional safety concept. The objective is to maintain...
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Safety Integrity Verification Issues of the Control Systems for Industrial Process Plants
PublikacjaThe aim of this article is to identify and discuss some issues that can be encountered in designing the industrial automation and control systems (IACS) for implementing safety functions. In a functional safety standard IEC 61511 for the process industry such systems are named the basic process control systems (BPCS) and the safety instrumented systems (SIS). In a generic functional safety standard IEC 61508 they are depicted as...
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Development of tools for road infrastructure safety management for the provinces (voivodeships) in Poland
PublikacjaThe development of modern tools for road infrastructure safety management will help to reduce the number of fatalities and serious injuries as one of the main objectives adopted in 2013 in the National Road Safety Programme 2014-2020 and the new Road Safety Programme 2011-2020 in the EU. Risk Management in Highway Engineering can be applied in developing tools essential in the process of safety management. Risk Management in Highway...
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CERTIFICATION SYSTEM AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING THE SAFETY AND SUSTAINABILITY OF SCHOOL-RELATED TRAVELS
PublikacjaDespite the well-established physical, social, emotional, cognitive, and spatial benefits of active and autonomous school commuting of children and adolescents', many are driven by car. Pilot surveys and field research held in 2019 in 10 Gdansk primary schools confirmed this trend. The article presents a certification system for schools, commissioned by the City of Gdańsk, which is an element of a systemic solution shaping patterns...
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Effects of safety barrier life cycle cost factors - identification and analysis
PublikacjaThe costs borne by road infrastructure authorities for managing and maintaining road devices such as safety barriers may be very high. This has prompted the need for identifying and analysing in detail all factors that influence the costs of safety barriers throughout their service life. To meet that need, the authors used international experience and field data collected under the LifeRoSE project to define the cost structure...
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Integrated Functional Safety and Cybersecurity Evaluation in a Framework for Business Continuity Management
PublikacjaThis article outlines an integrated functional safety and cybersecurity evaluation approach within a framework for business continuity management (BCM) in energy companies, including those using Industry 4.0 business and technical solutions. In such companies, information and communication technology (ICT), and industrial automation and control system (IACS) play important roles. Using advanced technologies in modern manufacturing...
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Pedestrian Safety at Midblock Crossings on Dual Carriageway Roads in Polish Cities
PublikacjaRoad crossings across two or more lanes in one direction are particularly dangerous due to limited sight distance and high vehicle speeds. To improve their safety, road authorities should provide safety treatments. These may include additional measures to reduce speed and narrow the road cross-section and the introduction of active pedestrian crossings. Equipped with flashing lights activated automatically when a pedestrian is...
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Injury Prediction Models for Onshore Road Network Development
PublikacjaIntegrating different modes of transport (road, rail, air and water) is important for port cities. To accommodate this need, new transport hubs must be built such as airports or sea ports. If ports are to grow, they must be accessible, a feature which is best achieved by building new roads, including fast roads. Poland must develop a network of fast roads that will provide good access to ports. What is equally important is to upgrade...
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Computer System for Evaluation of Shock Hazard in Circuits with Non-sinusoidal Earth Currents
PublikacjaEffects of current on people are mainly considered for 50/60 Hz sinusoidal current and smooth direct current. However, modern low voltage circuits are very often equipped with power electronics converters – rectifiers, frequency converters, therefore non-sinusoidal earth currents (touch currents) occur. For non-sinusoidal currents safety criteria should be modified. This paper presents a computer system, based on LabVIEW environment,...
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Application of BAN Network to Increase Security in Transport Systems
PublikacjaIn the article general characteristics of the BAN network with M2M communications are presented. These are networks that enable the implementation of wireless transmission of signals using special sensors located on the body or implanted subcutaneously. These sensors allow monitoring of different type life parameters of a human. In the next part of work there is proposed the implementation of BAN networks to transport systems as...
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Human awareness versus Autonomous Vehicles view: comparison of reaction times during emergencies
PublikacjaHuman safety is one of the most critical factors when a new technology is introduced to the everyday use. It was no different in the case of Autonomous Vehicles (AV), designed to replace generally available Conventional Vehicles (CV) in the future. AV rules, from the start, focus on guaranteeing safety for passengers and other road users, and these assumptions usually work during normal traffic conditions. However, there is still...
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Towards the development of a system-theoretic model for safety assessment of autonomous merchant vessels
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Determination of Safety Levels of Electronic Devices Exposed to Impact of Strong Electromagnetic Pulses
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Advanced coating of interior of tanks for rising environmental safety - novel applications of polyurethanes
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A multi-level risk-based method for safety assessment of ships in critical conditions.
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono podstawowe informacje na temat badań dla bezpieczeństwa statków w warunkach krytycznych. Opisano nowoczesne podejście do oceny bezpieczeństwa statków. Przedstawiono podstawowe elementy metody oceny bezpieczenstwa statków w warunkach krytycznych oraz elementy modelu obliczeniowego. Przedstawiono także elementy metody bezpośredniej oceny stateczności i stateczności awaryjnej statków. Podano kilka przykładów...
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The formal safety assessment and influence of human factor in application to chosen ship's type
PublikacjaTragedia jednego ze statków typu ro-ro pokazała podatność tego typu statków na utratę stateczności, przewrócenie się, a w ostateczności zatonięcie. Wszystkie ro-rowce charakteryzują się małym zanurzeniem, a wynurzona część kadłuba podatna jest na działanie wiatru. Jeżeli dodatkowo w takich warunkach dochodzi element nieprawidłowego rozmieszczenia pojazdów i ich słabego zamocowania to groźba przesunięcia ładunku staje się realna....
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Safety enhancement using 3D multibeam sonar imaging in shallow waters areas
PublikacjaSonary wielowiazkowe wykorzystanee byc moga do poprawy bezpieczenstwa zeglugi na obszarach wod plytkich. Dzieki istotnej poprawie rozdzielczosci horyzontalnej i wertykalnej pomiarow zastosowane byc moga do obrazowania wod plytkich szczegolnie niebezpiecznych pod wzgledem nawigacyjnym.
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Challenges of modern assessment of safety of ships in critical conditions. Options for preliminary design
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań na temat zastosowania formalnej metody oceny bezpieczeństwa statków w stanie uszkodzonym w stosunku do obecnej metody, opartej na przepisach zawartych w konwencji SOLAS rozdział II-1, części A, B i B-1. Przedstawiono elementy analizy bezpieczeństwa obejmujące identyfikację zagrożeń i scenariuszy wypadków, ocenę zagrożeń, ocenę ryzyka i kontrolę ryzyka. Podano przykłady obliczeniowe i wnioski praktyczne.
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AgileSafe – a method of introducing agile practices into safety-critical software development processes
PublikacjaThis article introduces AgileSafe, a new method of incorporating agile practices into critical software development while still maintaining compliance with the software assurance requirements imposed by the application domain. We present the description of the method covering the process of its application and the input and output artefacts.
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ADOPTED ISOCHRONE METHOD IMPROVING SHIP SAFETY IN WEATHER ROUTING WITH EVOLUTIONARY APPROACH
PublikacjaThe paper is focused on adaptation of an isochrone method necessary for application to a weather routing system with evolutionary approach. Authors propose an adaptation of the isochrone method with area partitioning assuring that the route found by the adopted method would not cross land. In result, when applied to a weather routing system with evolutionary approach, this proposal facilitates creation of initial population, resulting...
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Determining and verifying the safety integrity level of the controland protection systems under uncertainty
PublikacjaThe probabilistic models of the electrical, electronic and programmable electronic (E/E/PE)systems, which are proposed in the IEC 61508 and IEC 61511 standards, do not cover the uncertainty aspectsof results obtained from these models. The proposed method takes into consideration the sensitivity analysisof probabilistic models of E/E/PE systems as well as the uncertainty of probabilistic results. It uses differentialfactors, which...