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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: Electrical conductivity relaxation
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Blowing Kinetics, Pressure Resistance, Thermal Stability, and Relaxation of the Amorphous Phase of the PET Container in the SBM Process with Hot and Cold Mold. Part I: Research Methodology and Results
PublikacjaThe technology of filling drinks without preservatives (such as fresh juices, iced tea drinks, vitaminized drinks) is carried out using hot filling. Mainly due to the production costs and lower carbon footprint, polyethylene terephthalate bottles, commonly called PET, are increasingly used in this technology. In this paper, the main aim is to describe the statistical analysis methodology of the influence of the temperature of the...
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Influence of titanium layer on counter electrode on electrical parameters of DSSC
PublikacjaIn this paper the influence of the Ti layer thickness at counter-electrode on electrical parameters of DSSCs was examined. The transparent conductive oxide – less (TCO-less) counter electrodes (CE) with titanium layers and platinum as catalyst on Bk7 glass were prepared. Thin metallic films were deposited by means of magnetron sputtering (titanium) and Pulsed Laser Deposition (platinum). The counter electrode with Pt layer on Fluorine...
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Effects of La Content on the Densification, Microstructure, and Conductivity of Doped La10−x Ge6 O26±δ Electrolytes
PublikacjaIn this study, the influence of La content on the characteristics of Nb-, Mo-, and W-doped LaxGe6O26±δ electrolytes was investigated through sintering study, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and conductivity measurement. The densification of LaxGe5.5Nb0.5O26±δ and LaxGe5.5W0.5O26±δ was retarded as the x reached 9.75, while that of LaxGe5.5Mo0.5O26±δ improved with increasing La content. The average grain size slightly...
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Testing Situation Awareness Network for the Electrical Power Infrastructure
PublikacjaThe contemporary electrical power infrastructure is exposed to new types of threats. The cause of such threats is related to the large number of new vulnerabilities and architectural weaknesses introduced by the extensive use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in such complex critical systems. The power grid interconnection with the Internet exposes the grid to new types of attacks, such as Advanced Persistent...
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Structural and electrical properties of Cr-doped SrTiO 3 porous materials
PublikacjaSeries of single-phase materials with assumed formula SrTi1−xCrxO3 (where x = 0, 1, 4, 6 mol.%) were obtained by sol-gel method. The structure and microstructure of materials were characterised by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy methods. Moreover, the study of electrical properties and evaluation of chemical stability in CO2/H2O atmosphere was performed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and thermogravimery...
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Ukrainian Market of Electrical Energy: Reforming, Financing, Innovative Investment, Efficiency Analysis, and Audit
PublikacjaThe aim of this research is to determine the influence of electrical energy market regulation reform in Ukraine on the competitive environment, the reproduction processes of financial and innovative support, and the energy efficiency of the national economy. The authors have put forward and verified the hypothesis that, under conditions of institutional maturity of the Ukrainian electrical energy market, its liberalization and...
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Design of optimal state feedback controller with observer for multidimensional electrical system
PublikacjaFrom the control point of view, two-input-two-output RC electrical system is a linear and multidimensional system. In this paper, integral control and closed-loop observer are verified whether they can be used and designed. To verify this, Kalman tests are made. These structures are presented and discussed. Integral Control is tested with some base disturbances impact and checked whether it can handle them. The estimated values...
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Blowing Kinetics, Pressure Resistance, Thermal Stability, and Relaxation of the Amorphous Phase of the PET Container in the SBM Process with Hot and Cold Mold. Part II: Statistical Analysis and Interpretation of Tests
PublikacjaThe technology of filling drinks without preservatives (such as fresh juices, iced tea drinks, and vitaminized drinks) is carried out using hot filling. Mainly due to the production costs and lower carbon footprint, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles are increasingly used in this technology. In this paper, the main aim is to describe and interpret the results of statistical analysis of the influence of the temperature of...
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Role of nitrogen in optical and electrical band gaps of hydrogenated/hydrogen free carbon nitride film
PublikacjaWe report the optical and electrical band gap energy of amorphous hydrogenated carbon nitride (a-HCNx) and carbon nitride (a-CNx) as a function of nitrogen concentration (N/C). The optical band gap of a-HCNx and a-CNx films has been determined by means of Ellipsometry and UV-VIS. Both optical and electrical band gaps increase with elevated nitrogen concentration. Experimentally obtained electrical band gap is compared with the...
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Evaluation of fire hazard in electrical installations due to unfavorable ambient thermal conditions
PublikacjaEvaluation of fire hazard caused by electrical installations is a difficult and important topic, and it limits the possibility of loss of life or health of people, as well as the occurrence of significant property damage. In particular, this hazard was caused by power cables and especially photovoltaic (PV) installations. The authors proved that power cables directly exposed to strong solar radiation are likely to exceed maximum...
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Spatial sensitivity to the conductivity changes of a four electrode probe.
PublikacjaW artykule rozważana jest czułość przestrzenna, czteropunktowej, liniowej sondy na zmiany przewodności zachodzące w badanym materiale. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują, że czułość może być zarówno dodatnia i ujemna, tzn. wzrost przewodności może prowadzić zarówno do wzrostu lub do spadku mierzonej impedancji. W artykule rozważane są materiały zarówno izotropowe jak i anizotropowe. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają wyjaśnić dlaczego niektóre...
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Ionic conductivity of bismuth silicate and bismuth germanate glasses.
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono wyniki badań przewodnictwa d.c i a.c. szkieł BixGe1-xO2-0.5x (gdzie x=0.13, 0.23, 0.33, 0.47) i BixSi1-xO2-0.5x (gdzie x=0.47, 0.57, 0.67). Wyniki sugerują, że przewodnictwo elektryczne jest zdeterminowane ruchem jonów tlenu. Znaczący wzrost przewodnictwa elektrycznego przy x> 0.33 został wytłumaczony na podstawie faz perkolacyjnego modelu ruchu jonów w podsieci BiO5-6.
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Electronic conductivity in Na2O-FeO-P2O5 glasses. oz.
PublikacjaZbadano przewodnictwo stałe i zmiennoprądowe w szkłach: 50P2O5-(50-x)FeO-xNa2O i 50P2O5-(50-x)FeO-xCaO, gdzie x zmieniano od 7 do 20mol%. Wykazano,że zamiana CaO na Na2O w małym stopniu zmienia przewodnictwo elektryczne szkieł, co sugeruje, że przewodnictwo w szkłach zawierających Na2O ma charakter elektronowy. Do badania procesów migracji elektronów i jonów zastosowano metodę tarcia wewnętrznego. W widmie tarcia wewnętrznego...
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Conductivity and superconductivity of (Bi,Pb)4Sr3Ca3Cu4Ox glass-ceramics.
PublikacjaW układzie(Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O poprzez krystalizację w fazie stałej można wytworzyć materiały o bardzo różnych właściwościach elektrycznych i nadprzewodzących. W zależności od warunków krystalizacji, można wytworzyć nadprzewodnik o temperaturze krytycznej między 8 a 105 st.K lub materiał nie przechodzący do stanu nadprzewodzącego. W pracy pokazano i przedyskutowano wpływ składu fazowego, struktury i mikrostruktury na przewodnictwo...
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Influence of the grain boundaries on conductivity of yttrium stabilized zirconia
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań przewodności domieszkowanego tlenku cyrkonu. Przygotowano tlenk cyrkonu o krystalitach od 100nm to 10um. Badania impedancyjne pozwoliły na określenie przedności ziaren oraz obszarów międzyziarnowych.
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Conductivity and superconductivity of (Bi,Pb)4Sr3Ca3Cu4Ox glass-ceramics
PublikacjaAmorficzny materiał (Bi,Pb)4Sr3Ca3Cu4Ox w zależności od warunków wygrzewania może być albo granulastym materiałem albo silnie nieuporządkowanym metalem. W pracy przedstawiony jest wpływ mikrostruktury na właściwości elektryczne w stanie normalnym oraz przejście do stanu nadprzewodzącego.
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Multi-Agent Signal Filtering for Electrical Energy Demand Management
PublikacjaConsumers participating in electrical energy Demand Response (DR) programs may be exposed to energy-use related decisions at instants of time which are generally hard to predict. This is especially cumbersome to residential consumers who are less capable of investing in special equipment, or devoting significant time to analyze information and take decisions. To ease residential consumer participation, a multi-agent system proposed...
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Electrochemical Activity and Electrical Properties of Optimized Polypyrrole Coatings on Iron
PublikacjaIn this work, electrochemical activity and electrical properties of polypyrrole (PPy) coated iron electrodes have been investigated. PPy film was electrochemically polymerized from sodium salicylate aqueous solution under conditions, which provided an increase of iron corrosion resistance. It was noticed that the pH of the solution and the applied electrode potential range during the study of the polymer properties had an influence...
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Electrical safety in medical locations
PublikacjaW artykule zwrócono uwagę na niezawodność zasilania i ochronę przeciwporażeniową w pomieszczeniach użytkowanych medycznie. Przedstawiono wymagania stawiane zasilaniu, zabezpieczeniom i obwodom sygnalizacji w tych pomieszczeniach, według norm międzynarodowych. Zaprezentowano zasady doboru zabezpieczeń ochronnych oraz przykładowe rozwiązanie zasilania sali operacyjnej w szpitalu.
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Delay dependent estimates for waveform relaxation methods for neutral differential-functional systems
PublikacjaW pracy dyskutowane są oszacowania błędów z uwzględnieniem ich zależności od opóźnienia dla metod typu ''waveform relaxations'' stosowanych do rozwiązywania układów równań różniczkowo-funkcyjnych typu Volterry i równań różniczkowo-algebraicznych. Oszacowania te służą do oceny szybkości zbieżności tych metod a w niektórych przypadkach do wykazania, że rozwiązanie dokładne otrzymuje się po skończonej liczbie iteracji.
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Novel Fault Identification for Electromechanical Systems via Spectral Technique and Electrical Data Processing
PublikacjaIt is proposed, developed, investigated, and validated by experiments and modelling for the first time in worldwide terms new data processing technologies, higher order spectral multiple correlation technologies for fault identification for electromechanical systems via electrical data processing. Investigation of the higher order spectral triple correlation technology via modelling has shown that the proposed data processing technology...
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Nonlinear Model of Synchronous Generator for Autonomous Electrical Power Systems Analysis
PublikacjaThis paper presents the nonlinear lookup table model for synchronous generator (SG) analysis. The saturation effects of the SG magnetic circuit have been considered. The saturated characteristic of the SG magnetic circuit are based on the open circuit saturation curve for magnetizing inductances. The model has been implemented into the Synopsys/Saber software using the MAST modelling language. To implement the no-load voltage characteristic...
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Electrical properties of hybrid planar diode based on palladium phthalocyanine and titanium dioxide
PublikacjaThis work details experimental studies of a planar diode made of indium tin oxide/titanium dioxide/palladium phthalocyanine/gold. The rectification ratio of current was 105 at 1.5 V. The analysis of the electrical properties of the system was based on small signal complex capacitance spectra measured in the frequency range of 25 Hz-1 MHz at different values of bias. No depletion region at the TiO2/PdPc interface was observed. Forward...
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A solid phase extraction–ion chromatography with conductivity detection procedure for determining cationic surfactants in surface water samples
PublikacjaA new analytical procedure for the simultaneous determination of individual cationic surfactants (alkyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chlorides) in surface water samples has been developed. We describe this methodology for the first time: it involves the application of solid phase extraction (SPE – for sample preparation) coupled with ion chromatography–conductivity detection (IC-CD – for the final determination). Mean recoveries of...
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Electrical characterization of diamond/boron doped diamond nanostructures for use in harsh environment applications
PublikacjaThe polycrystalline boron doped diamond (BDD) shows stable electrical properties and high tolerance for harsh environments (e.g. high temperature or aggressive chemical compounds) comparing to other materials used in semiconductor devices. In this study authors have designed electronic devices fabricated from non-intentionally (NiD) films and highly boron doped diamond structures. Presented semiconductor devices consist of highly...
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Compressive Sensing Approach to Harmonics Detection in the Ship Electrical Network
PublikacjaThe contribution of this paper is to show the opportunities for using the compressive sensing (CS) technique for detecting harmonics in a frequency sparse signal. The signal in a ship’s electrical network, polluted by harmonic distortions, can be modeled as a superposition of a small number of sinusoids and the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) basis forms its sparse domain. According to the theory of CS, a signal may be reconstructed...
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The contribution of blood-flow-induced conductivity changes to measured impedance
PublikacjaW pracy rozwazane sa zmiany przewodnosci zachodzace w anizotropowym osrodku i ich wplyw na mierzona rezystancje. Uzyskano to za pomoca rozszerzenia wzoru Geselowizta na przypadki anizotropowe. Wykazano, ze tylko te skladowe zmian przewodnosci wplywaja na mierzona rezystancje, dla ktorych odpowiadajacy im skladnik pola eklektrycznego byl niezerowy.Wyniki te zastosowanu do zmian rezystywnosci wywolanych zmiananmi przewodnosci plynacej...
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Conductivity and superconductivity of (Bi,Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O
PublikacjaAmorficzny materiał (Bi,Pb)4Sr3Ca3Cu4Ox w zależności od warunków wygrzewania może być albo granulastym materiałem albo silnie nieuporządkowanym metalem. Przejście do stanu nadprzewodzącego zachodzi w materiałach, w których Josephsonowskie sprzężenie między granulami jest silniejsze niż oddziaływania Coulombowskie.
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Conductivity and superconductivity of (Bi,Pb)–Sr–Ca–Cu–O
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Conductivity of two-dimensional composites with randomly distributed elliptical inclusions
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Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation and d-Wave Pairing in a Model of a Superconductor with Non-Retarded Attraction
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Nuclear magnetic relaxation and d-wave pairing in an extended Hubbard model with diagonal disorder
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Corrigendum to “T1 relaxation time callibration in magnetic resonance imaging using nanodiamond phantoms” [Phys Med 94 (2022) S119–S120/EPV029]
PublikacjaThe authors want to update the incorrect funding information. The correct funding note is: “The authors acknowledge the financial support from Gdańsk University of Technology by the 4/2020/IDUB/III.4.1/Tc grant under the Technetium Talent Management Grants ‘Excellence Initiative – Research University’. The financial support from Gdańsk University of Technology by the 1/2021/IDUB/II.2/Np grant under NEPTUNIUM Enhancing Baltic Region...
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Impact of Tensile and Compressive Stress on Classical and Acoustic Barkhausen Effects in Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present the results of the investigation of impact of tensile and compressive stress on the classical Barkhausen effect, magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) signal properties, and B(H) hysteresis loops for grain-oriented (GO) electrical steel. Samples have been glued to a nonmagnetic steel bar and stressed within elastic range (±800 μdef) by means of four-point bending method. The samples were cut out in two directions...
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A novel approach for processing CaAlSiON glass-ceramics by spark plasma sintering: Mechanical and electrical properties
PublikacjaLithium containing glassy materials can be used as solid electrolytes or electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries due to their high energy density. Conventional melt-quenched Ca11Al14Si16O49N10 glass powder containing 24 e/o N, doped with Li-ions (1, 3, and 6 wt. %) and sintered by spark plasma sintering technique (SPS) was studied. The benefits of using SPS to produce glass-ceramics are rapid heating rates compared to conventional...
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Comparison of thermal and electrical tomography in medicine.
PublikacjaTechniki pomiarowo diagnostyczne - tomografia termiczna i tomografia elektroimpedancyjna - nowe w aplikacjach klinicznych walczą o zdobycie akceptacji w środowisku medycznym i w diagnostyce medycznej wybranych schorzeń. Porównano właściwości termiczne i elektroimpedancyjne tkanek biologicznych. Pokazano znaczenie obu technik w szeregu aplikacjach medycznych. Przedyskutowano zalety i wady obu metod. Wymieniono podstawowe aplikacje...
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Electrical Tree Growth Behavior Under AC and DC High Voltage in Power Cables
PublikacjaThis work investigates the impact of an applied AC and DC high voltage on the electrical tree behavior in extruded cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation based on simulation and experimental validation. Extensive partial discharge (PD) testing methods are being implemented for high voltage cables under AC voltage for monitoring their condition. However, these PD testing methods cannot be utilized for power cables under DC...
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The stand for determining of thermal‐electrical material properties of induction heated charge
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Direct electrical brain stimulation of human memory: lessons learnt and future perspectives
PublikacjaModulation of cognitive functions supporting human declarative memory is one of the grand challenges of neuroscience, and of vast importance for a variety of neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. Despite a recent surge of successful attempts at improving performance in a range of memory tasks, the optimal approaches and parameters for memory enhancement have yet to be determined. On a more fundamental...
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Nonlinear electrical properties of glass-ceramics nanocomposites containing ferroelectric nanocrystallites of Bi2VO5.5
PublikacjaNonlinear A.C. impedance measurements were conducted in the 50BiV-50SrBAlO nanocomposite as a function of frequency, temperature and A.C. voltage. This material is ferroelectric below temperature of 730 K, and above 730 K is a good ion-conductor. For this nanocomposite a low A.C. voltage of 1 V rms is enough to observe high nonlinearities. The origin of these nonlinear effects depends on the temperature and frequency. In the high...
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Characterization of Corrosion-Induced Fracture in Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Electrical Potential, Ultrasound and Low-Frequency Vibration
PublikacjaThe paper deals with the non-destructive experimental testing of the reinforced concrete beams under progressive corrosion. A series of experiments using electrical potential, ultrasound and low-frequency vibrations techniques are reported. Electrical potential and natural frequencies were used to characterise and monitor the corrosion process at its initial state. The P-wave velocity measurements were proved to be effective in...
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Aryl and N-arylamide carbon nanotubes for electrical coupling of laccase to electrodes in biofuel cells and biobatteries
PublikacjaSingle walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were equipped with aryl residues by chemical reactions. These insoluble materials were used to substitute classical soluble mediators, which help to transfer electrical charge between the conducting electrode and the redox active center of enzyme molecules. The effect of different aryl residues on the efficiency of the catalytic reduction of dioxygen in the presence of laccase was systematically...
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Evaluation of electrical parameters of traction supply system for complex railway traffic conditions, using simulation methods
PublikacjaDevelopment of electrified transport systems, railways modernization, expansion of urban transport networks, purchases of modern rolling stock causes that updating of electric traction supply system is necessary. This chapter presents an effective method for electrical parameters of traction supply system evaluation, using simulation methods.
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Structural, electrical, and magnetic study of La-, Eu-, and Er- doped bismuth ferrite nanomaterials obtained by solution combustion synthesis
PublikacjaIn this work, the multiferroic bismuth ferrite materials Bi0.9RE0.1FeO3 doped by rare-earth (RE = La, Eu, and Er) elements were obtained by the solution combustion synthesis. Structure, electrical, and magnetic properties of prepared samples were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, electrical hysteresis measurement, broadband dielectric spectroscopy, and SQUID magnetometry. All obtained nanomaterials...
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Dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the adsorption and relaxation of polyaniline chains during potentiodynamic redox transformations
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Dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the adsorption and relaxation of polianiline chains during potentiodynamic redox transformations
PublikacjaZaprezentowano nowe podejście do analizy widm impedancyjnych uzyskanych dla warstwy przewodzącej polianiliny (PAni). Właściwości powyższej warstwy są często modelowane przy użyciu elementu stałofazowego (CPE), który w sposób dokładniejszy odzwierciedla wyniki eksperymentalne niż klasyczny element pojemnościowy (kondensator). W pracy zaproponowano nowy elektryczny obwód zastępczy oparty na modelu adsorpcyjnym Frumkin-Melik-Gaikazyan,...
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Electronic conductivity in the SiO2–PbO–Fe2O3 glass containing magnetic nanostructures
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Dynamic current-voltage characteristics of dielectrics with extremely low heat conductivity
PublikacjaZaprezentowano teoretyczny opis metody dynamicznych charakterystyk prądowo-napięciowych w przypadku znacznego gradientu temperatury w ciałach stałych o przewodności jonowej. Otrzymano rozwiązania równania transportu oraz równania charakterystyk, odnoszące się do ruchu cienkiej warstwy nośników ostałej grubości oraz warstwy rozszerzającej się. Podano także przybliżone wyrażenia opisujące czas przelotu nośników. Wyniki zweryfikowano...
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Impedance studies of diffusion phenomena and ionicand electronic conductivity of cerium oxide
PublikacjaW pracy zbadano właściwości elektryczne tlenku ceru z wykorzystaniem spektroskopii impedancyjnej. Badania wykazały występowania zjawiska dyfuzji, które jest prawdopodobnie związane z blokowaiem jonów na granicy faz. Bazując na zaproponowanym modelu obliczono przewodność elektronowa i jonową tlenku ceru.
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AC and DC global electric circuit and the height profile of atmospheric conductivity
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