Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: URBAN INITIATIVE LABORATORY - MOST Wiedzy

Wyszukiwarka

Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: URBAN INITIATIVE LABORATORY

Filtry

wszystkich: 2505
wybranych: 1716

wyczyść wszystkie filtry


Filtry wybranego katalogu

  • Kategoria

  • Rok

  • Opcje

wyczyść Filtry wybranego katalogu niedostępne

Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: URBAN INITIATIVE LABORATORY

  • Gdańsk Urban Initiative Laboratory

    Publikacja

    Gdansk is Poland's principal seaport, situated on the southern edge of the Gdansk Bay on the Baltic Sea. The city is the capital and largest city of the Pomeranian Voivodeship. Gdansk, in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia and the resort town of Sopot, and suburban communities, jointly forms Poland's fourth largest metropolitan area, with a population approaching 1.4 million. The pathways towards the Micro ULL FWE Nexus Square...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • URBAN TRANSFORMATIONS

    Publikacja

    Mentor&Student Research Lab is a common initiative of the members of Gdańsk University of Technology student research club, Urban Revolution Laboratory LEM-ur and International Society of City and Regional Planners ISOCARP. The aim of the event was to promote collaboration of professionals and the student in the area of research on the city and the region. During three months' Workshop five groups leaded by ISOCARP Mentors performed...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Mentor&Student Research Lab – Urban Transformations – Introduction

    Publikacja

    Mentor&Student Research Lab - "Urban Transformations" is a common initiative of the members of Gdańsk University of Technology student research club, Urban Revolution Laboratory and the International Society of City and Regional Planners ISOCARP. The aim of the event was to promote collaboration of professionals and the students in the area of research on the city and the region. During three months’ Workshop five groups leaded...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Capacity Transforming challenges into opportunities

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2022

    The Urban Initiative Laboratory (UIL) aims to upgrade the smart city concept in Gdańsk by introducing the Food-Water-Energy (FWE) nexus to the city. It was agreed in the CRUNCH international consortium that projects on different scales would be implemented in the individual countries to test the Integrated Decision Supportive system platform, which would, in principle, concern urban scale. The regular urban scale was to be researched...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • NEIGHBOURHOOD SPORT AS A TOOL OF URBAN REGENERATION - A WARSAW CASE STUDY

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2016

    There are many connections between sport and urban regeneration. They can be observed while organizing top-down projects, such as sporting mega-events. But sport and urban renewal can also be linked within bottom-up sport initiatives, ones that relate mostly to physical recreation or sport for all. The main goals of physical activity is caring for health, improving fitness, practicing hobbies, and achieving social integration....

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • CREATIVE PLACEMAKING IN POLAND. CAN ART BECOME AN EFFECTIVE TOOL OF URBAN REGENERATION?!

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2018

    The main aim of the paper is to examine the role of creative placemaking in shaping the urban environment in Polish cities. It also focuses on challenges and obstacles that creative placemaking projects encounter in Polish realities. Creative placemaking is a “micro-development” strategy (Johnson 2009) that focuses on cultural participation, com¬munity engagement and highlights the social role of arts and culture. Artistic interventions...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Buenos Aires – Toward Comprehensive Development and Sustainable Mobility

    This paper is introducing Buenos Aires’ achievements and challenges in implementing comprehensive development and integrating efficient and sustainable transport system within its urban structure. There are several important steps in this process starting from urban regeneration of Puerto Madero, the introduction and then implementation of a strategic plan Modelo territorial (2010) and of Buenos Aires' Plan de Movilidad Sustentable...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • The Comparison of the Web GIS Applications Relevant for 4D Models Sharing

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2019

    The paper presents results of the project: Cultural Heritage Through Time (CHT 2, http://cht2-project.eu) realized accomplished within the framework of the “Joint Programming Initiative in Cultural Heritage” JPI-CH (http://www.jpi-culturalheritage.eu) by an international consortium: Politecnico di Milano (IT), Newcastle University (UK), Salamanca University (ES), and Stanislaw Staszic Scientific Association SSSA (a non-profit...

  • City scan as a tool to assess resilience challenges and vulnerabilities at the community level

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2021

    The majority of the world’s population lives in cities and cities are the key to achieving resilience. Local governments own only part of the land and can only partially decide about measures that should be taken ‘on the ground’. Local governments are therefore highly dependent on individuals, communities, and businesses to adapt and transform and take action in their own backyards or neighbourhoods. Since, for many people, climate...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • The results of analyses of deep excavation walls using two different methods of calculation

    Publikacja

    Przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń obudowy głębokiego wykopu dwukrotnie rozpieranej i dwukrotnie kotwionej w gruncie jednorodnym niespoistym. Obliczenia numeryczne wykonano metodą podpór sprężysto-plastycznych i metodą elementów skończonych. Zwrócono uwagę na istotne różnice w wynikach obliczeń. Zaproponowano wyjaśnienie przyczyn zaobserwowanych różnic w wynikach obliczeń otrzymanych z obu metod.

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Shape Memory Polyurethane Materials Containing Ferromagnetic Iron Oxide and Graphene Nanoplatelets

    Publikacja

    Intelligent materials, such as memory shape polymers, have attracted considerable attention due to wide range of possible applications. Currently, intensive research is underway, in matters of obtaining memory shape materials that can be actuated via inductive methods, for example with help of magnetic field. In this work, an attempt was made to develop a new polymer composite—polyurethane modified with graphene nanoplates and...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • The Belt and Road Initiative and export variety: 1996–2019

    This study examines the association between the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and export variety (EV). We propose three hypotheses on how BRI may foster export markets (destinations) or export product lines. The estimates are based on a dataset constructed specifically for this analysis, covering 183 countries and linked with trade data from 1996 to 2019. We apply the instrumental variable (IV) approach in regressions for covering the...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Reakcja miesięcznej i sezonowej temperatury powietrza na północnym skłonie Karkonoszy i ich przedpolu na zmiany wskaźnika NAO.

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2019

    Przedstawiono wpływ wskaźnika NAO na kształtowanie temperatury powietrza w warunkach górskich na przykładzie Karkonoszy. Stwierdzono zmniejszanie się wpływu NAO na temperaturę powietrza ze wzrostem wysokości. Stwierdzono, że relacje między NAO a temperaturą powietrza są istotne jedynie w okresie zimowym od grudnia do marca włącznie. Związki te są niestacjonarne i wynikają ze wzrostu ciśnienia w Wyżu Azorskim w okresie 1988-2015....

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Chemical modifications of graphene and their influence on properties of polyurethane composites: a review

    Polyurethane composites are materials of great interest nowadays due to their wide range of available forms and applications in industry. Controlling and achieving unique properties via matrix modifications and addition of various specific nanofillers seems be one of the key elements to success. The purpose of this work is to briefly present some examples of graphene nanoderivatives, their syntheses, properties and influence on...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Methods of Network Resource Provisioning for the Future Internet IIP Initiative

    Publikacja
    • J. Gozdecki
    • M. Kantor
    • K. Wajda
    • J. Rak

    - TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS - Rok 2016

    In this paper, we present specification, design and implementation aspects of a network resource provisioning module introduced for the Polish Initiative of Future Internet called System IIP. In particular, we propose a set of novel LP optimization models of network resource provisioning designed to minimize the network resource consumption, either bandwidth or node’s computational power, as well as to maximize the residual capacity....

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Spatial aspects of urban air quality management: Estimating the impact of micro-scale urban form on pollution dispersion

    Urban planning and design solutions affect urban ventilation conditions, thus mitigating the effects of atmospheric pollution. However, these findings are not being implemented in the planning practice to a sufficient extent, partly due to the lack of specific guidelines. Moreover, many urban air quality monitoring (AQM) sites have low represnentativeness and thus do not provide comprehensive data for effective urban air pollution control...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Evolution of Edges and Porosity of Urban Blue Spaces: A Case Study of Gdańsk

    Publikacja

    Current waterfront studies focus mainly on a land-based perspective, failing to include the water side. Water is, however, not just a resource for port and industrial purposes and an edge to the waterfront; it is also a feature of the waterfront and the complex relation between water and city. Thus, the article suggests that water-land edges need to be re-contextualised, taking into consideration also their shape, functionality,...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Greenery and Urban Form vs. Health of Residents: Evaluation of Modernist Housing in Lodz and Gdansk

    Publikacja

    - Urban Planning - Rok 2022

    Urban forms can have numerous direct and indirect effects on the health of residents. This article focuses on the rela‐ tionship between health and urban form, in particular the role of green open spaces. The goal is to identify criteria for evaluating the impact of physical forms such as streets and open spaces, green infrastructure, and built structures on urban health. These criteria are then used to identify paths for the redevelopment...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • A city is not a tree: a multi-city study on street network and urban life

    Publikacja

    Christopher Alexander, a British-American scholar, differentiated an old (natural) city from a new (planned) one by structure. The former resembles a “semilattice”, or a complex system encompassing many interconnected sub-systems. The latter is shaped in a graph-theoretical “tree”, which lacks the structural complexity as its sub-systems are compartmentalized into a single hierarchy. This structural distinction explains why, or...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Launch of the Immersive 3D Visualization Laboratory

    The paper presents the concept of Immersive 3D Visualization Laboratory, formed at the Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics at Gdańsk University of Technology under the project Gdańsk University of Technology's Modern auditoriums. The basic unit of this laboratory will be cubic CAVE (Cave Automatic Virtual Environment) enriched with spherical walk simulator. This device will allow the user unlimited walking,...

  • 10Kin1day: A Bottom-Up Neuroimaging Initiative

    Publikacja
    • M. van
    • L. Scholtens
    • H. van
    • F. Agosta
    • C. Alloza
    • C. Arango
    • B. Auyeung
    • S. Baron-Cohen
    • S. Basaia
    • M. Benders... i 104 innych

    - Frontiers in Neurology - Rok 2019

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • 10Kin1day: A bottom-up neuroimaging initiative

    Publikacja
    • M. van
    • L. Scholtens
    • H. van
    • F. Agosta
    • C. Alloza
    • T. Avancini
    • S. Baron-Cohen
    • S. Basaia
    • M. Benders
    • F. Beyer... i 104 innych

    - Rok 2019

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Surpassing the Line: Urban-Oriented Strategies in the Development of Business Complexes in Poland

    Development trends regarding the business-related urban complexes seem to evolve from the “big-box” towards the more “multi-use” types of structures. Within it, the special role is reserved for places, which—due to economic, political, and geographical reasons—have not been previously considered as major business hubs. Only recently, places like cities in Central and Eastern Europe have become attractive locations for business...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Landscape as a Potential Key Concept in Urban Environmental Planning: The Case of Poland

    Publikacja

    Rapid urban development increases the consumption of materials, energy, and water, resulting in an overproduction of waste and emissions. These cause many environmental threats, such as ozone layer depletion and rain acidification, leading to climate change. Therefore, the question arises on how to improve the effectiveness of tools that strengthen environmental protection. This discursive article presents an approach stressing...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Study on Strategy in University Laboratory Class Teaching

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2021

    Laboratory teaching is a critical way to ensure the effective input of techniques in engineering learning. Laboratory teaching not only contributes to improving course quality but also helps enrich comprehensive engineering application ability. However, there are some typical problems in current university laboratory teaching, such as rigid and isolated course design, outdated contents and materials, and not encouraging innovation...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • China’s international trade and global value chains under One-Belt One-Road initiative

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2021

    Research background: After China acceded to the WTO in 2001, its foreign trade has expanded rapidly to be the largest share in the world. However, China's economic development changing from high-speed growth to medium high-speed growth in recent years. At the same time, the increase in labour cost and overcapacity also hinder China’s international trade. In order to solve these challenges and strengthening ties...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • The Urban Mentoring as a New Method of Participatory Urban Planning in Poland

    Twenty-five years after the return of democracy and the beginning of basing the country's economy on neoliberal developmental paradigm, Poland adopted the regulations regarding management of urban policy, which had been wait for over a decade (accession to the EU). The National Urban Policy as well as the Act on revitalization have defined, in a modern manner, the field of cooperation between the local government, the administration...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Critical analysis of laboratory measurements and monitoring system of water-pipe network corrosion-case study.

    Case study of corrosion failure of urban water supply system caused by environmental factors was presented. Nowadays corrosion monitoring of water distribution systems is an object of major concern. There is possibility of application broad range of techniques like gravimetric and electrochemical. Both kinds of techniques can be applied in laboratory and field conditions. In many cases researches limit the case analysis to measurements...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Design and implementation of GEPON architecture in laboratory testbed

    Publikacja

    This paper presents a proposition of GEPON architecture for the didactic purpose. The GEPON architecture is implemented in access networks laboratory testbed. The paper includes a brief description of GEPON standardization, a description of laboratory GEPON equipment architecture and a short presentation of proposed laboratory exercises. The exemplary performance results are included.The proposition of GEPON architecture testbed...

  • Developing the Urban Blue-Green Infrastructure as a Tool for Urban Air Quality Management

    Publikacja

    Urban structure is an important factor that shapes the process of urban ventilation and pollution dispersion. With proper planning of the urban spatial layout, city breathability can be effectively regulated, contributing to urban air quality improvement. This paper investigates the development and current management of urban systems of green and open spaces in four Polish cities: Gda ´nsk, Warsaw, Pozna ´n and Wrocław, with a...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Provisioning Concepts for the Future Internet IIP Initiative

    Publikacja
    • P. Chołda
    • J. Gozdecki
    • M. Kantor
    • M. Wielgosz
    • A. R. Pach
    • K. Wajda
    • J. Rak

    - Rok 2011

    Artykuł prezentuje strategię wymiarowania zasobów sieci dla architektury Internetu Przyszłości zwanego Systemem IIP. Opisuje również relację zasad wymiarowania sieci w odniesieniu do metod zarządzania siecią. Opisane są dwie proponowane metody wymiarowania wraz niezbędnymi danymi wejściowymi. Pierwsze podejście stanowi problem optymalizacyjny z funkcją celu minimalizacji całkowitego poboru mocy. Drugie rozwiązanie bazuje na podejściu...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • A LABORATORY STAND FOR THE ANALYSIS OF DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF THERMOCOUPLES

    In the present elaboration, problems connected with measurements of high variable temperatures of gases are introduced and the impact of dynamic properties of different construction solutions of thermoelements on the accuracy of the measurements is considered. A laboratory stand built within research under doctoral thesis, destined for analysis of dynamic properties of thermocouples is also described. Results of numerical simulation...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Urban Railway within the Linear Urban Structure: the Case Study of Perm, Russia

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2015

    The paper analyses the ten years’ experience of Perm to develop its system of the urban train trying to reveal the reasons for its modest performance and decline in the passenger traffic. The authors show how the Urban Train fits within the city urban structure and eval uate the potential of the Urban Train to become a feasible solution to the problem of connecting the periphery with the city centre. Furthermore,...

  • Concept of 'Good Urban Governance' and Its Application in Sustainable Urban Planning

    Contemporary urban theory and practice in the post-industrial era is increasingly often turning towards an approach based on sustainable development. That concept bearing the traits of a paradigm has grown on the ground of broad quest for an alternative to the existing development model of the industrial civilisation. It has gained wide social acceptance and is the basis for many development and environmental programmes at the...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Small Urban Hacks - Big Impact! Tackling major urban challenges through acupunctural smallness

    Publikacja
    • D. D. Kamrowska-Załuska
    • D. Calas
    • E. Haselsteiner,
    • M. Ferreira SILVA
    • A. Galán González
    • E. Giancola
    • M. Hărmănescu
    • S. Soutullo Castro

    - Rok 2021

    Small urban hacks, acupunctural action and process-oriented planning approaches might appear to address quite a socio-romantic attitude towards our urban environments. In this chapter, our aim is to remedy such a biased view, demonstrating the impact and potential of smallness in the context of major urban challenges. Small urban hacks and their multi-faceted and creativity-driven approaches of small is beautiful are selected from...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Relevance of Urban Freight Transport Modelling Towards the Challenges of Urban Freight Policy

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2017

    The main objective of this paper is to investigate how recent trends in urban freight transport analysis and modelling are related to urban freight measures set out in Gdynia’s 2016 Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan. Building on the literature a review framework was defined including 1) stakeholders, 2) descriptors, 3) objectives and 4) solution approach applied in freight modelling efforts. It was clear that the implementation...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Image projection in Immersive 3D Visualization Laboratory

    In recent years, many centers in the world attempted to build a virtual reality laboratory. The main idea of such laboratory is to allow the user to “immerse” into and move in a computer-generated virtual world. In the paper, the underlying principles of the system of virtual reality (VR) are described. The selected implementations constructed by the research centers of the world are also presented. The cave automatic virtual environment...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Comparison of road and laboratory measurements of tyre/road noise

    Tyre/road noise is one of the major environmental problems related to road traffic. There are several measuring methods of tyre/road noise that may be carried out on the road (for example Coast-down and Close Proximity Method) or in the laboratory (Drum Method). Road measurements are preferred for evaluations of pavement properties while laboratory methods are mostly used to evaluate tyres. One of the biggest problems associated...

  • DWDM Network Laboratory Solution for Telecommunication Education Engineering

    Publikacja

    Development of network architectures in the field of optical telecommunications technologies is an indicator of changes in telecommunication education engineering. Conducting didactic classes requires hardware infrastructure and research in terms of teaching needs. In the paper we present DWDM network laboratory solution for telecommunication education engineering on the basis of the ADVA Optical Networking equipment. We have to...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Port Cities within Port Regions: Shaping Complex Urban Environments in Gdańsk Bay, Poland

    Port cities located within various metropolitan or functional regions face very different development scenarios. This applies not only to entire municipalities but also to particular areas that play important roles in urban development—including ports as well as their specialized parts. This refers also to the various types of maritime industries, including the processing of goods, logistics operations, shipbuilding, or ship repairing,...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • The role of the One-Belt One-Road initiative in China's exports and global value chains

    Research background: China is regarded as the “world factory” highly involved in international trade and plays an increasingly important role in the global value chains (GVC). Additionally, the “One-Belt One-Road” (OBOR) initiative was proposed by the Chinese government to further promote China in the international market. Purpose of the article: The article explores the role of the OBOR in China’s exports and global value...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Urban regeneration in urban functional areas in Poland as an instrument of implementation of the EU Cohesion Policy

    This study examines the role of urban regeneration policies in planning and governance within urban functional areas (UFAs) in Poland, in the context of the EU Cohesion Policy (CP). The empirical part of this study is based on comparing the approaches adopted in two Polish regions: Pomerania and Silesia. We describe the first successes but also the bottlenecks of the process, from negotiations and programming up to the implementation...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Laboratory Stand for Wideband Analysis Radiocommunication Signals

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2012

    A laboratory stand for wideband analysis radiocommunication signals is presented in the paper. The stand is designed for signals acquisition in wide spectrum and research a field of digital signal processing. Procedures used for simultaneous acquiring many frequency channels in selected wide band are described. The method of detection of direct sequence spread spectrum signals (DS SS) which power spectral density is lower than...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Laboratory stand for wideband analysis radiocommunication signals

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2011

    A laboratory stand for wideband analysis radiocommunication signals is presented in the paper. The stand is designed for signals acquisition in wide spectrum and research a field of digital signal processing. Procedures used for simultaneous acquiring many frequency channels in selected wide band are described. The method of detection of direct sequence spread spectrum signals (DS SS) which power spectral density is lower than...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • A Method for the Evaluation of Urban Freight Transport Models as a Tool for Improving the Delivery of Sustainable Urban Transport Policy

    Publikacja

    The article presents a method which helps local authorities to evaluate urban freight transport models. Given the complex requirements for input data and the inability to supply them for most cities, a proper quantitative evaluation of model functionality may be quite difficult for local authorities. Freight transport models designed to support sustainable urban freight transport objectives are a particular example. To overcome...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • Hybrid Laboratory of Radio Communication With Online Simulators and Remote Access

    Contribution: Two toolsets for the remote teaching of radio communication laboratory classes: 1) online simulators for individual work of students and 2) a remote access system to laboratory workstations for group work. Initial assumptions and method of implementation of both tools are presented. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a change in teaching at all levels of education. The specificity of practical classes, such...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Model and laboratory simulation of a induction motor for diagnostic purposes

    Publikacja

    Statistics say that bearings are this part of induction motors which is most susceptible to damage. The equipment employed for bearing diagnostics usually makes use of vibrations as the criterion for technical condition of the bearings. A faulty bearing results in additional motor vibrations. They are reflected in the harmonic content of stator currents. In certain operating conditions the current signal is the sole source of information...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • The Impact of Decommissioning Cemeteries on the Urban Ecosystem

    The decommissioning of cemeteries noticeably transforms the urban fabric. The purpose of this article was to determine what impact the decommissioning of cemeteries has on the urban ecosystem. For this purpose, it was necessary to assess the value of cemeteries within the urban ecosystem. Cemeteries are classified as urban green spaces, and their value as preservers of flora and fauna in local ecosystems has been proven. However,...

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w portalu

  • The potential of urban agriculture in the revitalisation of a metropolis

    Publikacja

    - Rok 2019

    In Poland, the topic addressing urban areas of agricultural production and gardening activity is still viewed in two main blocks: 1) a shift of the urbanized zone’s boundaries, causing dispersion of suburban buildings as well as creates conflict zone between the residential area and the production and post-production zones; 2) a socially contentious issue of restructuring the inner-city complexes of former employee allotments....

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym

  • Innovative Solutions for Immersive 3D Visualization Laboratory

    Publikacja

    The paper presents results of the work concerning the technical specification of Immersive 3D Visualization Laboratory to be opened in late summer 2014 at the Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics at Gdańsk University of Technology in Poland. The person immersed in VR space will be placed in a transparent sphere with a diameter of over 10 feet, supported on rollers and equipped with a motion tracking system....

    Pełny tekst do pobrania w serwisie zewnętrznym