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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: energy transfer
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Proton transfer and hydrogen bonds in supramolecular, self-assembled structures of imidazolium silanethiolates. X-ray, spectroscopic and theoretical studies
PublikacjaThe reaction of 1-methylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole and 2-ethylimidazole with tris(2,6- diisopropylphenoxy)silanethiol (TDST) leads to the formation of three new salts, which have been characterized by elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analyses, FTIR spectroscopy, and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analyses indicate that in all three compounds a proton transfer has...
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Monitoring of odors emitted from stabilized dewatered sludge subjected to aging using proton transfer reaction–mass spectrometry
PublikacjaOne of the potential emission sources of odorous compounds from wastewater treatment plants is sludge processing. The odorous compounds released from dewatered sludge can result in odor nuisance. This study concerns the use of flux hood chamber combined with proton transfer reaction—time of flight—mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) technique for periodical monitoring of odorous compounds emitted from aged, stabilized dewatered sludge samples...
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Direct measurements of odorous volatile organic compounds present in biosolids cakes by Proton Transfer Reaction – Mass Spectrometry Technique
PublikacjaThis paper show the results of investigation of concentration of odorous chemical compounds emitted upon ageing of anaerobically stabilised biosolids that could contribute to the overall odour character of nuisance emissions. Biosolids samples from wastewater treatment plant were collected in spring time. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds using a US EPA flux hood and Proton Transfer Reaction-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry...
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Heat transfer and pressure drop during flow boiling of pure efrigerants and refrigerant/oil mixtures in tube with porous coating
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wpływ powłoki porowatej na średni współczynnik przejmowania ciepła oraz opory przepływu podczas wrzenia wybranych czynników chłodniczych wewnątrz poziomych rurek. Badania przeprowadzono dla techniczne czystych czynników chłodniczychR22, R134a i R407C oraz ich mieszanin z olejem poliestrowym 1% i 5% wrzących w rurkach wykonanych ze stali nierdzewnej, o wewnętrznej powierzchni gładkiej oraz z metaliczną powłoką...
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Online Volatile Compound Emissions Analysis Using a Microchamber/Thermal Extractor Coupled to Proton Transfer Reaction-Mass Spectrometry
PublikacjaIndoor air is a complex and dynamic mixture comprising manifold volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that may cause physiological and/or psychological discomfort, depending on the nature of exposure. This technical note presents a novel approach to analyze VOC emissions by coupling a microchamber/thermal extractor (μ-CTE) system to a proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometer (PTR-MS). This configuration provides an alternative to...
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Numerical analysis of vacuum drying of a porous body in the integrated domain
Publikacjan the present study, the vacuum drying process of an apple slice is numerically modeled based on a control volume method. Transient two-dimensional Navier– Stokes, energy, moisture, and Luikov equations are solved by numerical coding (Fortran) to simulate the simultaneous heat and mass transfer in the ambient and apple slice, respectively. The privilege of using Luikov's model is that the capillary forces are considered, and a...
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Curved Surface Minijet Impingement Phenomena Analysed with ζ-f Turbulence Model
PublikacjaThe jet impingement phenomenon plays an important role among the heat transfer intensification methods. Very often its application and analyses refer to simple flat surfaces, while there is a lack of information in the literature for cases addressing curved surfaces. In the present work, the single jet impingement on the non-flat (concave and convex) surface is studied for a wide range of geometries, which originate from the mini-jet...
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Toward Mechanosynthesis of Diamondoid Structures: X. Commercial Capped CNT SPM Tip as Nowadays Available C2 Dimer Placement Tool for Tip-Based Nanofabrication
PublikacjaAccording to Drexler, advanced mechanosynthesis will employ advanced nano-machines, but advanced nano-machines will themselves be products of advanced mechanosynthesis. This circular relationship must be broken via TBN technology development. In this article, the possibility of using easily available commercial CNT tips to assemble carbon-based intermediate generations of nano-devices is considered. Mechanosynthesis of a target...
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Redox State Sensitive Spectroscopy of the Model Compound [(H-dcbpy)(2)Ru-II(NCS)(2)](2-) (dcbpy=2,2 '-Bipyridine-4,4 '-dicarboxylato)
PublikacjaThe charge transfer reaction mechanism in a ruthenium polypyridine model complex with isothiocyanato ligands, i.e., [(H-dcbpy)(2)Ru(NCS)(2)](2-) 2Bu(4)N(+) (Ru2H) (dcbpy = 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylato), has been investigated by combining UV-vis absorption, resonance Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical methods. Understanding the photophysics of light-harvesting complexes of this class is an indispensable prerequisite to...
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A novel concept of enhanced direct-contact condensation of vapour- inert gas mixture in a spray ejector condenser
PublikacjaAn analytical model of direct steam condensation (DCC) in the novel idea of spray ejector condenser (SEC) in the presence of inert gas has been developed. It is based on continuity, momentum and energy equations for the steam-carbon dioxide mixture and direct contact condensation mechanisms due to heat transfer and concentration. Crucial in the process of DCC is atomisation of the motive fluid in the ejector. The effect of atomised...
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Elastic scattering of electrons from chloroform
PublikacjaWe present experimental and theoretical cross sections for elastic electron scattering from CHCl3. This is an important target because of its relevance to environmental chemistry and the plasma etching industry as a source of chlorine radicals. The experimental results were obtained at incident electron energies ranging from 0.5 to 800 eV in the 10deg-130deg scattering angle range. Theoretically, the scattering cross sections in...
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Closing the loop: Upcycling secondary waste materials into nanoarchitectured carbon composites for the electrochemical degradation of pharmaceuticals
PublikacjaIn this study, we demonstrated the application of electrochemical oxidation as a safer and cleaner technology for minimizing the impact of pharmaceuticals in wastewaters, simultaneously mediated by upcycled secondary waste materials (SWMs)-derived electrodes, to further reduce their environmental impact. The modularity, scalability, ease of operation and reliability make electrochemical oxidation an ideal process for the destruction...
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Redox property switching in MOFs with open metal sites for improved catalytic hydrogenation performance
PublikacjaIn this study, a decompression-thermalization strategy was utilized for a Cu-containing metal-organic framework (MOF) to tune its redox and catalytic hydrogenation properties. Remarkably, at just 120 °C, open metal sites (OMSs) were successfully constructed by removing coordinated solvent molecules to generate the daughter MOF-120. The tailored redox property of MOF-120 is correlated with the presence of OMSs. Compared with the...
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The use of liquid crystal thermography TLC and particle image velocimetry PIV in selected technical applications
PublikacjaNowadays, the energy cost is very high and this problem is carried out to seek techniques for improvement of the aerothermal and thermal (heat flow) systems performances in different technical applications. The transient and steady-state techniques with liquid crystals for the surface temperature and heat transfer coefficient or Nusselt number distribution measurements have been developed. The flow pattern produced by transverse...
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Wielopoziomowy przekształtnik trakcyjny SiC z izolacją od sieci 3kV DC realizowaną za pomocą transformatorów 30kHz do napędów EZT
PublikacjaW referacie przedstawiono wielopoziomowy izolowany kaskadowy przekształtnik DC-AC z tranzystorami SiC MOSFET 1,2kV, przeznaczony do napędów elektrycznych zespołów trakcyjnych (EZT). Zaproponowana konstrukcja przekształtnika, przeznaczonego do pracy przy zasilaniu z sieci trakcyjnej 3kV DC, spełnia założenia energoelektronicznego transformatora trakcyjnego (z ang. Power Electronic Traction Transformer). Budowa modułowa z niskonapięciowych...
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Impact of the type of heat exchanger on the characteristics of low-temperature thermoacoustic heat engines
PublikacjaThermoacoustic technologies are considered an effective solution for harnessing low-temperature heat, whether from waste or renewable sources. However, in practice, developing and implementing high-performance ther- moacoustic systems is a complex challenge. In real waste heat recovery systems, heat exchange between ther- moacoustic engines (TAEs) and external heat sources is facilitated by auxiliary systems, such as circulation...
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Optimizing Control of Wastewater Treatment Plant With Reinforcement Learning: Technical Evaluation of Twin-Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Agent
PublikacjaControl of the wastewater treatment processes presents significant challenges due to the fluctuating nature of inflow and wastewater composition, alongside the system’s non-linear dynamics. Traditional control methods struggle to adapt to these variations, leading to an economically suboptimal operation of the process and a violation of norms imposed on the quality of wastewater discharged to the catchment area. This study proposes...
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Numerical analysis of high temperature minichannel heat exchanger for recuperative microturbine system
PublikacjaConsidering the development of energy sector, distributed small-scale power generation, e.g., gas micro-CHP, is attracting considerable interest. In such installations, the heat exchanger is one of the key components possessing a significant influence on overall performance. Most studies concentrate on units operating below 900C, which do not fulfil the requirements of gas micro-CHP. Therefore, there remains a challenge to design...
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Obstetric and perinatal outcomes following programmed compared to natural frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Particle rotation effects in Cosserat-Maxwell boundary layer flow with non-Fourier heat transfer using a new novel approach
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The effect of pressure on heat transfer during pool boiling of water-Al2O3 and water-Cu nanofluids on stainless steel smooth tubes
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych wrzenia nanocieczy woda-Al2O3 i woda-Cu o koncentracjach nanocząstek 0.01%, 0.1% oraz 1% przy ciśnieniu absolutnym 10 kPa, 100 kPa oraz 200k Pa.
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The role of benthic macrofauna in the trophic transfer of mercury in a low-diversity temperate coastal ecosystem (Puck Lagoon, southern Baltic Sea)
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Comparative Analysis of Different Spread-Spectrum Techniques for Reduction of Conducted Emissions Generated by Magnetic Resonant Wireless Power Transfer Systems
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Preparation, characterization and charge transfer studies of nickel – modified and nickel, nitrogen co-modified rutile titanium dioxide for photocatalytic application
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Charge transfer and europium trapped exciton states in Eu<sup>3+</sup>/Eu<sup>2+</sup> doped phosphors
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Enterococci from ready-to-eat food - horizontal gene transfer of antibiotic resistance genes and genotypic characterization by PCR melting profile
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Microorganisms from starter and protective cultures - Occurrence of antibiotic resistance and conjugal transfer of tet genes in vitro and during food fermentation
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Mo93m isomer depletion via nuclear excitation by electron capture in resonant transfer into highly excited open-shell atomic states
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THREE-DIMENSIONAL numerical investigation of MHD nanofluid convective heat transfer inside a CUBIC porous container with corrugated bottom wall
PublikacjaSimultaneous use of porous media and nanofluid as a heat transfer improvement method has recently captivated a great deal of attention. The heat transfer and entropy production of the Cu-water nanofluid inside a cubic container with a heated bottom wavy wall and an elliptic inner cylinder were numerically analyzed in this study. The container is partitioned into two sections: the left side is filled with permeable media and...
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Numerical analysis of the two‐phase steam‐air heat transfer flow induced in smooth and corrugated channel using the VOF model
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Kinetic and equilibrium studies of the proton and deuteron transfer reaction between bis(2,4-dinitrophenyl)methane and strong nitrogen bases in acetonitrile
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THREE-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF MHD NANOFLUID CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER INSIDE A CUBIC POROUS CONTAINER WITH CORRUGATED BOTTOM WALL
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Heat and mass transfer characteristics in MHD Casson fluid flow over a cylinder in a wavy channel: Higher-order FEM computations
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Experimental verification of the theoretical modelof heat transfer between a liquid layer formed by a two-phase impinging jet and a solid surface
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono eksperymentalną weryfikacje modelu teoretycznego wymiany ciepła pomiędzy warstwą wody a stałą powierzchnią. Warstwa cieczy powstała z uderzającej o powierzchnię dwufazowej strugi uderzającej
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Evaluating the influence of radiative heat flux on convective heat transfer from a vertical plate in air using an improved heating plate
PublikacjaThis article examines the influence of radiative heat flux on the accuracy of the results of free convective heat transfer in air. In order to carry out these tests, based on the experience gained during the operation of a plate heated on one side, compensated by a reverse heat loss flux counter-heater, a unique double-sided heating sandwich plate was designed and built, consisting of three thin epoxy resin plates reinforced with...
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The effect of pressure on heat transfer during pool boiling of water-Al2O3 and water-Cu nanofluids on stainless steel smooth tube
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych wrzenia nanocieczy woda-Al2O3 i woda-Cu o koncentracjach nanocząstek 0.01%, 0.1% oraz 1% przy ciśnieniu absolutnym 10 kPa, 100 kPa oraz 200k Pa.
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Analytical model with non-adiabatic effects for pressure drop and heat transfer during boiling and condensation flows in conventional channels and minichannels
PublikacjaIn the paper a method developed earlier by authors is applied to calculations of pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient for boiling flow and condensation flow with account of non- adiabatic effects for some recent data collected from literature. The first effect, the modification of interface shear stresses in annular flow pattern is considered through incorporation of the so called "blowing parameter". The mechanism of...
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Complementary Use of Multi-dimensional Gas Chromatography and Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry for Identification of Rapeseed Oil Quality Indicators
PublikacjaThe change of concentration of various volatiles generated during frying may be an indicator of oil quality. Chemical compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and carboxyl acids are the products of oxidation during thermal degradation of edible oils. Shown in this work is a complementary use of GC×GC-TOFMS and PTR-MS for the detection and determination of quality indicators of rapeseed oil. The former technique was used for...
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UV-induced electron transfer between triethylamine and 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine. A puzzle concerning the photochemical debromination of labeled DNA
Publikacja5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) photosensitizes DNA to strand break formation. However, this type of photodamage is completely quenched by the presence of triethylamine (TEA) which originates from RP-HPLC purification commonly employed by oligonucleotide providers. While the presence of TEA in oligonucleotide samples does not interfere with PCR or other molecular biology applications, the mechanism of photochemical reaction proceeding...
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An experimental investigation on the effect of new continuous core-baffle geometry on the mixed convection heat transfer in shell and coil heat exchanger
PublikacjaIn the article, the authors presented the influence of continuous core-baffle geometry at mixed convection heat transfer in shell and coil heat exchanger. Experiments were carried out for a large power range, i.e. from 100W to 1200W and mass flow rates ranging from 0.01 kg/s to 0.025 kg/s. During the experiments, the mass flow rate of cooling water, the temperature of water at the inlet and outlet as well as the wall temperature...
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Electron impact iozization of CCl4 and SF6 embedded in superfluid helium droplets
PublikacjaElectron impact ionization of helium nano-droplets containing several 104 He atoms and doped with CCl4 or SF6 molecules is studied with high-mass resolution. The mass spectra show significant clustering of CCl4 molecules, less so for SF6 under our experimental conditions. Positive ion efficiency curves as a function of electron energy indicate complete immersion of the molecules inside the helium droplets in both cases. For CCl4...
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Structural and electrochemical heterogeneities of boron-doped diamond surfaces
PublikacjaThis brief review is focussed on the recent progress in studies of the heterogeneous electrochemical behaviour of various boron-doped materials extending from zero-dimensional particles through polycrystalline or nanostructured three-dimensional surfaces. A boron-doped diamond reveals large heterogeneities induced by numerous factors, inter alia multi-faceted crystallinity, inhomogeneous boron concentration, sp2/sp3-carbon ratio,...
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Photophysics of a Ruthenium 4H-Imidazole Panchromatic Dye in Interaction with Titanium Dioxide
PublikacjaThe photophysics of bis(4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine-κ2N,N′)[2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,5-bis(p-tolylimino-κN)imidazolato]ruthenium(II) hexafluorophosphate is investigated, both in solution and attached to a nanocrystalline TiO2 film. The studied substitution pattern of the 4H-imidazole ligand is observed to block a photoinduced structural reorganization pathway within the 4H-imidazole ligand that has been previously investigated....
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Surface Plasmon-Coupled Emission of Rhodamine 110 Aggregates in a Silica Nanolayer
PublikacjaFirst analysis of strong directional surface plasmon-coupled emission(SPCE) of ground-state formed intermolecular aggregates of Rhodamine 110 (R110) insilica nanofilms deposited on silver nanolayers is reported. Until now, the processes ofenergy transport and its trapping due to aggregate formation have not been studied in the presence of SPCE. A new approach to multicomponent systems with weakly and strongly fluorescent centers...
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CONTROL OF THE WAVES IN A TOWING TANK WITH THE USE OF A BLACK-BOX MODEL
PublikacjaThe paper describes an adaptive control system of the waves, implemented in the Ship Design and Research Centre, CTO S.A. The purpose of generating the waves in the towing tank is the modelling of the environmental conditions during hydrodynamic model tests. The tests are performed on scale models of towed or free running ships, anchored structures like oil rigs or bottommounted structures, e.g. wind turbines. In the towing tank...
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Multi-state vibronic interactions in the fluorobenzene radical cation: The importance of quadratic coupling terms
PublikacjaThe multi-mode multi-state vibronic interactions in the set of X^2B_1 - D^2A_1 electronic states of the monofluoro benzene radical cation are investigated theoretically, based on a quadratic vibronic coupling approach. The underlying ionization potentials and coupling constants are obtained from ab initio coupled-cluster calculations. Previous investigations (relying on the linear coupling approach) are extended by including all...
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Three-dimensional numerical investigation of hybrid nanofluids in chain microchannel under electrohydrodynamic actuator
PublikacjaEnergy efficiency enhancement methods have received considerable attentionwithin the industry and scientific community, owing to the rising concern ofglobal energy sustainability. The present article attempts to scrutinize the effectsof electrohydrodynamics and nanofluids on the rate of heat transfer and fluidflow in the 3-D chain microchannels. Improved heat exchangers (e.g., chainmicrochannel) would have a key role in increasing...
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The impedance of hydrogen oxidation reaction in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell in the presence of carbon monoxide in hydrogen stream
PublikacjaEvaluation of performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which is affected by carbon monoxide that pollutes the hydrogen stream, was presented. This influence was studied for carbon monoxide concentration of 125–325 ppb, which are close to values specified in ISO 14687:2019 standard. Performed studies provided crucial information for further development of fuel cell as an energy source for automotive application. Impedance...
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The role and importance of WIMAX mobile system as a high-performance data transfer technology in wireless sensor networks for wide area monitoring applications
PublikacjaThe study discuses basic features and functional design of WiMAX Mobile system, based on the IEEE 802.16e (Release 1.5 Rev. 2.0) standard. The analysis has been made in terms of ability to use this system to transmit video stream related to monitoringof large agglomeration areas. What is more, the study includes comparison of technical parameters of WiMAX Mobile system with competitive systems such as: HSPA+ and UMTS-LTE, which...
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Separation of nitroaromatics and their transformation products in soil around ammunition plants: New high performance liquid chromatographic charge transfer stationary phases
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