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Search results for: TRI-FUNCTIONAL POLYETHEROL
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A mobile hospital – its advantages and functional limitations
PublicationThe idea of a mobile hospital is not entirely new – the need for their use, ranging from military field hospitals to the charity or mass disaster tent cities, shows how much they are needed. While these cases can be reduced to a portable ambulatory unit with a limited scope of outpatient medical activities, a fully functional hospital is a system with a high degree of complexity far exceeding a regime of compact objects. Solutions...
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Concept of Multifactor Method and Non-Functional Requirements Solution to Increase Resilience through Functional Safety with Cybersecurity Analysis
PublicationIn the process of designing safety systems, an integrated approach in safety and cybersecurity analysis is necessary. The paper describes a new technique of increasing resilience through integrated analysis of functional safety and cybersecurity. It is a modeling methodology based on the combination of the multifactor method utilizing modified risk graphs, used previously for Safety Integrity Level (SIL) assessment, and the Non-Functional...
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Complexes of manganese(II) tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolate with chelating N-donor ligands.
PublicationTri-tert-butoksysilanotiolan manganu(II) jest związkiem wrażliwym i rozkładającym się w warunkach atmosferycznych. Z tego względu synteza jego pochodnych z chelatującymi zasadami heterocyklicznymi takimi jak 1,10-fenantrolinaza czy 2,2'-bipirydyl wydawał się dogodną metodą otrzymania bardziej stabilnych układów. Otrzymane w ten sposób krystaliczne proszki wykazują znacznie wyższą stabilność temperaturową, możliwe jest więc przechowywanie...
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Method of lines for Hamilton-Jacobi functional differential equations.
PublicationInitial boundary value problems for nonlinear first order partial functional differential equations are transformed by discretization in space variables into systems of ordinary functional differential equations. A method of quasi linearization is adopted. Suffcient conditions for the convergence of the method of lines and error estimates for approximate solutions are presented. The proof of the stability of the diffrential difference...
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BTEX concentration levels in urban air in the area of the Tri-City agglomeration (Gdansk, Gdynia, Sopot), Poland
PublicationThe paper presents and discusses the results of atmospheric air quality research conducted in 2012 with reference to the level of BTEX compounds in the Tri-City agglomeration—Gdansk, Gdynia, and Sopot (northern Poland). At the stage of BTEX sampling from the ambient air, Radiello® diffusive passive samplers were applied. The annual time-weighted average concentrations for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) in the...
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The impact of the Tri-City Ring Road on surface water of small endorheic wetlands
PublicationThe paper presents the results of the impact of the Tri-City Ring Road on small endorheic catchment basins. Particular attention was paid to pollution discharged from the road to the surface water, as well as changes in hydrological conditions in the vicinity of the road. In the study, surface water samples were analysed in terms of their electrolytic conductivity, pH and content of major minerals. GIS was also used to study transformation...
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Heteroleptic cobalt(II)tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolates in search of new biomimetic complexes
PublicationW ramach prowadzonych badań mających na celu syntezę układów mimikujących centra aktywne wybranych metaloprotein zostały otrzymane dwa nowe heterlopetyczne tri-tert-butoksysilanotiolany kobaltu(II) w reakcji bimetalicznego kompleksu kobaltu(II) zawierającego już reszty silanotiolanowe z pochodnymi pirydyny: 3,5-dimetylopirydyny i dibenzyloaminy. Otrzymane związki zostały scharakteryzowane strukturalnie za pomocą analizy rentgenostrukturalnej,...
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Tri(mesityloxy)silanethiol - The First Structurally CharacterizedOrganoxysilanethiol (Contributions to the Chemistry of Silicon-SulfurCompounds. 77 [1])
PublicationTri(mezytyloksy)silanotiol (TMST) wyizolowano jako jedyny produkt reakcji pomiędzy disiarczkiem krzemu a 2,4,6-trimetylofenolem. TMSTkrystalizuje w układzie trójskośnym. Dobra jakość kryształów pozwoliła na udokładnienie grupy SH bez narzuconych więzów. Długość wiązania S-H określono na 1,29(4) ang., a kąt Si-S-H na 95,4(17) deg. Cząsteczki TMST nie tworzą wiązań wodorowych w kryształach.
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4- (Tri-tert-butoxysilylthiomercurio)benzoic acid. Acta Cryst. Sect. E Struct. Rep. [online]**2003 vol. 59 s. m125-m127, 2 rys. 2 tab. bibliogr. 12 poz. Kwas 4-(tri-tert-butoksysililotiortęcio)benzoesowy.
PublicationTytułowy związek otrzymano poprzez reakcję kwasu 4-hydroksyrtęciobenzoesowe-go z tri-tert-butoksysilanotiolem. Przy użyciu rentgenowskiej analizy struk-turalnej monokryształów wyznaczono strukturę cząsteczkową i krystaliczną te-go związku.
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Nanocrystalline cathode functional layer for SOFC
PublicationRecently, it was shown that thin functional layers introduced between an electrolyte and cathode might improve cathode performance. However, the mechanism of this improvement still needs analysis. In this paper, a thin (∼140 nm), spin-coated perovskite layer (La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ) was placed between a cathode (La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ) and an electrolyte (Ce0.8Gd0.2O2-δ) and the effects of this investigated. The microstructure...
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General concept of functional safety - standarisation and sector aspects
PublicationRozdział poświęcono koncepcji bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego. Bezpieczeństwo funkcjonalne jest częścią bezpieczeństwa całkowitego zależną od odpowiedniej odpowiedzi systemów sterowania i/lub zabezpieczeń na sygnały wejściowe podczas wystąpienia stanów nienormalnych maszyny, instalacji lub obiektu podwyższonego ryzyka. Koncepcja bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego przedstawiona w normie IEC 51508 stanowi przykład dobrej praktyki inżynierskiej...
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Framework for RIDM within functional safety management process
PublicationThe functional safety management in life cycle is a complex process starting with identifying hazards and defining safety-related functions (SRFs) with risk assessment oriented at determining the safety integrity level. Another element of such life cycle is a verification of required SIL for designed safety-related system which implements safety function. Due to complexity of the problem, to overcome difficulties in safety-related...
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Changes in Functional and Spatial Layouts of Polish Single-Family Houses
PublicationArticle presents the evolution of functional and spatial layouts of single-family houses in Poland, with particular emphasis on the functions of a contemporary house. Singlefamily housing constitutes a significant part of the construction market in Poland. The way of forming functions in single-family buildings in the historical cycle has characteristic features resulting from the culture of the society in a given period. The functional...
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Binuclear Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolates. Synthesis, crystal structure and spectroscopic studies.
PublicationA series of Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes have been synthesized in reaction of respective metal tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolates with pyrazine 1 and 2 and 1,2-bis(2-pyridyl)ethylene 3–5. All compounds have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray structure determination, elemental analysis, FT-IR and thermogravimetry. Obtained complexes are bimetallic with the formula of [M{SSi(OtBu)3}2(μ-L)]2 and metal ions bridged by N,N′-spacer....
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Bis(3,5-dimethylpyridine-kN)bis(tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolato-kS)chromium(II)toluene solvate
PublicationW tytułowym związku atom chromu jest czterokrotnie koordynowany: przez dwa atomy siarki grup tri-tert-butoksysilanotiolanowych oraz dwa atomy azotu z dwóch cząsteczek 3,5-dimetylopirydyny. Geometria ligandów wokół centrum metalicznego jest płaska kwadratowa. Cząsteczka leży na dwukrotnej osi symetrii przechodzącej przez atom N 3,5-dimetylopirydyny. Dodatkowo w krysztale na jedną cząsteczkę kompleksu przypada jedna cząsteczka toluenu.
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Functional safety and reliability analysis methodoloogy for hazardous industrial plants
PublicationThis monograph is devoted to current problems and methods of the functional safety and reliability analyses of the programmable control and protection systems for industrial hazardous plants. The results of these analyses are useful in the process of safety management in life cycle, for effective reducing relevant risks at the design stage, and then controlling these risks during the operation of given installation. The methodology...
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On the generalized model of shell structures with functional cross-sections
PublicationIn the present study, a single general formulation has been presented for the analysis of various shell-shaped structures. The proposed model is comprehensive and a variety of theories can be used based on it. The cross-section of the shell structure can be arbitrarily analyzed with the presented equations. In other words, various types of shell structures, including cylindrical, conical, spherical, elliptical, hyperbolic, parabolic,...
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Employment of passive sampling in monitoring indoor air quality in selected residences in a Tri-city area in Poland
PublicationTime-weighted average concentrations of selected volatile compounds were measured in chosen residences in a Tri-City area of Poland by means of passive sampling. The results were compared to those obtained by dynamic technique – sorption tubes filled with Tenax TA sorbent. Results obtained by employing the two techniques were similar. Total volatile organic compound (TVOC) parameters were also determined. An attempt was also...
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Towards systemic functional safety and security management in hazardous plants
PublicationThe aim of this article is to identify and discuss some issues related to functional safety and security management in hazardous industrial plants. The safety functions are to be realised using the electric / electronic / programmable electronic systems (E/E/PESs) or the safety instrumented systems (SISs) that are designed and operated respectively according to IEC 61508 and IEC 61511 requirements in life cycle. Although the role...
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Existence of solutions with an exponential growth for nonlinear differential-functional parabolic equations
PublicationWe consider the Cauchy problem for nonlinear parabolic equations with functional dependence.We prove Schauder-type existence results for unbounded solutions. We also prove existence of maximal solutions for a wide class of differential functional equations.
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Implicit difference methods for first order partial differential functional equations
PublicationKlasyczne rozwiązania problemów początkowo brzegowych przybliżane są rozwiązaniami uwikłanych metod różnicowych. Wykazana została zbieżność i stabilność uwikłanych schematów. Dowód stabilności opiera się na technice porównawczej z nieliniowym oszacowaniem typu Perrona dla funkcji danych.
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Lithium tetrakis(tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolato)gallate(III). Acta Cryst.Sect. E Struct. Rep. [online]**2002 vol. 58 s. m728-m729, 1 rys. 1 tab. bibliogr. 13 poz. Tetrakis(tri-tert-butoksysilanotiolano)gallan(III) litu.
PublicationPraca opisuje syntezę oraz strukturę krystaliczną i cząsteczkową tetrakis(tri-tert-butoksysilanotiolano)gallanu(III) litu. Kation litu jest koordynowany wewnątrz cząsteczki przez dwa atomy tlenu z dwóch grup tert-butoksylo-wych. Strukturę wyznaczono stosując rentgenowską analizę strukturalną mono-kryształu.
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Functional properties of edible films for food applications - a review
PublicationApplication of natural polymers to forming edible films for food applications has been reviewed. Due to the hydrophilic nature of proteins and polysaccharides, films prepared from these polymers are too susceptible to moisture. Modification of them with critically selected a suitable compounds can result in their improved functional properties and making them useful for food packaging.
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Formation, crystal and molecular structures of heteroleptic zinc(II) tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolates with ZnNO2S2 and ZnN2S2 coordination pattern.
PublicationZsyntetyzowano pięć tri-tert-butoksysilanotiolanów cynku zawierających jako dodatkowe ligandy heterocykliczne, zasady azotowe. Wzór ogólny tych kompleksów to Zn(SSi(OBut)3)2L, gdzie L=alfa-pikolina, 2,4-lutydyna, N-metyloimidazol lub Zn(SSiOBut)3)2L2, gdzie L=N-metyloimidazol lub pirydyna. Określono strukturę krystaliczną otrzymanych związków oraz zmierzono widma IR i NMR.
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Integrated functional safety and cyber security analysis
PublicationThe chapter is devoted some important issues of the functional safety analysis, in particular the safety integrity level (SIL) verification of safety functions to be implemented within the distributed control and protection systems with regard to security aspects. A method based on quantitative and qualitative information is proposed for the SIL (IEC 61508, 61511) verification with regard of the evaluation assurance levels (EAL)...
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Properties of an innovative multi-functional finish for the improvement of indoor air quality
PublicationDue to lifestyle changes, people spend most of their time indoors at present; thus, Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is a matter of utmost importance. Multi-functional and innovative finishes can help to passively improve the IAQ, benefitting the health and comfort of occupants. For this study, reference and pre-mixed commercial mortars are compared to a new multi-functional hydraulic lime mortar for indoor finishes, in which conventional...
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Knowledge-based functional safety management using ProSIL software
PublicationIn the article the ProSIL software for computer aided functional safety management is presented. The software consists of three modules for the determination of the required SIL level (ProSILen) and verification of the SIL level (ProSILver). In the ProSIL the calibrated knowledge-based risk graph method for determining the required safety integrity level (SIL) of the safety functions identified in hazard analysis is implemented....
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Cognitive engineering and functional safety technology for reducing risks in hazardous plants
PublicationCognitive engineering is considered nowadays as interesting multidisciplinary domain that focuses on improving the relations between humans and the systems that are supervised and operated. The industrial automation and control systems (IACS) in hazardous plants are increasingly computerized and perform various safety functions. These are designed and implemented according to the functional safety concept. The objective is to maintain...
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Solubilization of keratins and functional properties of their isolates and hydrolysates
PublicationThe keratinous wastes of the textile industry and poultry slaughterhouses may be used as sources of soluble keratins or hydrolysates. This review presents methods for processing raw keratin-based materials into bioproducts with functional and bioactive properties suitable for biomedical, cosmetic, food, and agricultural applications. Soluble keratin can be obtained by thermal treatment in some organic solvents, reduction, or oxidation...
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Bioactive properties of Sambucus nigra L. as a functional ingredient for food and pharmaceutical industry
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Current issues of functional safety and cybersecurity analysis of the industrial and critical infrastructures
PublicationThis article addresses some functional safety assessment procedures with cybersecurity aspects in critical industrial installations with regard to the functional safety requirements specified in standards IEC 61508 and IEC 61511. The functional safety management includes hazard identification, risk analysis and assessment, specification of overall safety requirements and definition of safety functions. Based on the risk assessment...
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Method of lines for nonlinear first order partial functional differential equations.
PublicationClassical solutions of initial problems for nonlinear functional differential equations of Hamilton--Jacobi type are approximated by solutions of associated differential difference systems. A method of quasilinearization is adopted. Sufficient conditions for the convergence of the method of lines and error estimates for approximate solutions are given. Nonlinear estimates of the Perron type with respect to functional variables...
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Integrated development plans of the functional urban areas in Pomeranian region in Poland
PublicationThe European Commission put a growing emphasis on the territorial and integrated app roach to policy support addressed in the frame of regional policy. In a special way this process refers to cities along with their functional environment. In Poland the National Spatial Development Concept 2030 has introduced the concept of functional areas, among others – Functional Urban Areas (FUAs). There is...
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THE ROLE OF THIN FUNCTIONAL LAYERS IN SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS
PublicationWidespread commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells requires lowering its cost. It is generally accepted that to lower the cost of solid oxide fuel cells it is necessary to use metal alloys as interconnectors and, consequently, lower its operating temperature to slow down interconnectors degradation. As a result the area specific resistance of the cathodes should be lowered to sustain the performance of the cells. In order to...
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Human Factors and Cognitive Engineering in Functional Safety Analysis
PublicationHuman factors and cognitive engineering are considered nowadays as important multidisciplinary domains that focus on improving the relations between humans, technology and systems to be supervised and operated. The industrial automation and control systems (IACS) in hazardous plants are increasingly computerized and perform various safety functions. These are usually designed and implemented according to the functional safety requirements....
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Investigating trip and parking characteristics of hospitals: A case study from Tri-City, Poland
PublicationThis research aims to investigate public hospitals’ trip and parking characteristics based on the study conducted in Poland in September 2021 on the example of the Tri-City agglomeration. The main objective of the research was to build models of the relationship between the number of trips during peak transport hours and the number of beds. The second research element was the analysis of transport behavior in these areas. The research...
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Designing Control and Protection Systems with Regard to Integrated Functional Safety and Cybersecurity Aspects
PublicationThis article addresses current problems of risk analysis and probabilistic modelling for functional safety management in the life cycle of safety-related systems. Two main stages in the lifecycle of these systems are distinguished, namely the design and operation. The risk analysis and probabilistic modelling differ in these stages in view of available knowledge and data. Due to the complexity and uncertainty involved, both qualitative...
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A method of Functional Test interval selection with regards to Machinery and Economical aspects
PublicationThis paper discusses the problem of choosing the optimal frequency of functional test, including the reliability calculations and production efficiency, but also the effect of company risk management. The proof test as a part of the functional test interval is well described for the process industry. Unfortunately, this situation is not the case for the machinery safety functions with low demand mode. Afterwards, it is presented...
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Functional Safety and Cybersecurity Analysis and Management in Smart Manufacturing Systems
PublicationThis chapter addresses some of the issues of the integrated functional safety and cybersecurity analysis and management with regard to selected references and the functional safety standards: IEC 61508, IEC 61511, ISO 13849-1 and IEC 62061, and a cybersecurity standard IEC 62443 that concerns the industrial automation and control systems. The objective is to mitigate the vulnerability of industrial systems that include the information...
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Integrated Approach For Functional Safety And Cyber Security Analysis
PublicationThe paper is devoted to some important issues of the functional safety analysis, in particular the safety integrity level (SIL) verification process. It is related to the safety instrumented functions to be implemented within the distributed control and protection systems with regard to security aspects. A method based on quantitative and qualitative information is proposed for the SIL (IEC 61508:2010; 61511, 2015) verification...
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Thermogravimetry of heteroleptic zinc tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolates: synthesis and crystal structure of bis(tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolato)(pyridine) zinc(II)
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INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL SAFETY AND CYBERSECURITY ANALYSIS METHOD FOR SMART MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS
PublicationThis article addresses integrated functional safety and cybersecurity analysis with regard to: the generic functional safety standard IEC 61508 and the cyber security standard IEC 62443 concerning an industrial automation and control system (IACS). The objective is to mitigate the vulnerability of information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) systems, and reduce relevant risks taking into account a set of fundamental...
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Functional differential equations
PublicationSformułowano dość ogólne warunki dostateczne na to, aby odpowiednio zdefiniowane ciągi monotoniczne były zbieżne do jedynego, w pewnym segmencie, rozwiązania zagadnienia początkowego dla funkcyjnych równań różniczkowych. Omawiane równanie jest ogólne, a np. zwyczajne równania różniczkowe czy równania różniczkowo-całkowe są jego szczególnymi przypadkami.
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Problems in designing and operating the functional safety solutions of higher integriity levels
PublicationThe aim of this article is to identify and discuss some problems that have been encountered in designing and operating the functional safety solutions of higher safety integrity levels (SIL 3 and SIL 4) in the light of analyses outlined in a new version of the international standard IEC 61508:2010. Examples of such solutions are the electric / electronic / programmable electronic systems (E/E/PESs) and the safety instrumented systems...
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Towards β-selectivity in functional estrogen receptor antagonists
PublicationBased on the benzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]furan and benzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]thiophene frameworks, a series of ligands with different basic side chains (BSCs) has been synthesized and pharmacologically evaluated. Also, their binding modes have been modelled using docking techniques. It was found that the introduction of a BSC in these systems brings about a decrease of affinity for both estrogen receptors α and β in an in vitro competitive...
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Two‐functional μBIST for Testing and Self‐Diagnosis of Analog Circuits in Electronic Embedded Systems
PublicationThe paper concerns the testing of analog circuits and blocks in mixed‐signal Electronic Embedded Systems (EESs), using the Built‐in Self‐Test (BIST) technique. An integrated, two‐functional, embedded microtester (μBIST) based on reuse of signal blocks already present in an EES, such as microprocessors, memories, ADCs, DACs, is presented. The novelty of the μBIST solution is its extended functionality. It can perform 2 testing functions:...
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A Qualitative Study on Non-functional Requirements in Agile Software Development
PublicationWidespread use of agile software development (ASD) methods can be observed nowadays. Non-functional requirements (NFRs) are often reported to be a problematic issue for agile projects, since ASD methods tend to neglect NFRs while focusing on incremental delivery of functional features. Despite that, only very few studies have explored the requirements engineering practices used in ASD and dedicated particularly to NFRs. Objective:...
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ITS in Tri-City Agglomeration - implementation of TRISTAR system
PublicationW referacie przedstawiono główne elementy systemu TRISTAR oraz główne problemy, z którymi spotkali się autorzy koncepcji systemu podczas przygotowywania koncepcji szczegółowej. W referacie przedstawiono ponadto efekty wdrożenia projektu pilotażowego. Projekt pilotażowy został uruchomiony w Gdyni w ubiegłym roku.
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Examination pf pesticide residues in air in Tri-city
PublicationCelem prowadzonych badań jest uzyskanie informacji o poziomie zanieczyszczeń powietrza atmosferycznego przez anality z grupy pestycydów (zarówno tych wycofanych jak i współcześnie stosowanych) na terenie Aglomeracji Trójmiejskiej i Tczewa z wykorzystaniem dozymetrów pasywnych z krążkami z pianki poliuretanowej na etapie pobierania próbek.
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New patterns in the position of CEE countries in global value chains: functional specialisation approach
PublicationResearch background: High servitisation of manufacturing makes it impossible to separate services from manufactured goods properly, which implies difficulties in the assessment of the position of the country on the smile curve, i.e. in the proper assignment of products or services to one of the industrial process steps: pre-production, pure fabrication or post-production services. Therefore, we propose to use the business functions...