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Search results for: EMISSION TRADING SCHEME
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Modelling of the Polish Electricity Generation Subsystem in MARKAL Program with Emphasis on the EU Emissions Trading Scheme
PublicationThis paper addresses issues related to greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union and measures to reduce them, in particular the European Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). A model of the Polish electricity generation subsystem, taking into account EU ETS mechanisms, has been developed using the MARKAL optimization package. Data collected on the basis of available projects, regulations and statistics were entered into the model....
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Modelling long-term technological transition of Polish power system using MARKAL: Emission trade impact
PublicationThe need for technological transition of electricity production becomes a global problem. However, in coal-dominated Polish power system this need is even more crucial than anywhere, since technical lifetime of the most domestic power plants is ending. In this paper, the impact of the EU Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS) for CO2 combined with sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission trading mechanism on power technology...
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UE ETS: an in-depth descriptive analysis.
PublicationThe European Emission Trading System (EU ETS) plays a pivotal role in the EU’s strategy to address climate change, serving as a fundamental instrument for cost-effective reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Notably, it inaugurated the word’s first major carbon market and it continues to the largest one. Chapter 1 provides an in-depth examination of the EU ETS, spanning from its inception in 2005 to 2020. After providing a descriptive...
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Does the carbon emissions trading system reduce carbon emissions by promoting two-way FDI in developing countries? Evidence from Chinese listed companies and cities
PublicationHow developing countries can effectively promote cities’ carbon emission reduction through the carbon emission trading system (ETS) is a topic worthy of attention in the global carbon reduction campaign. Policy changes in China's ETS provide a unique opportunity to measure whether ETS impacts carbon emissions through two-way FDI. Hence, this paper employs difference-in-differences (DID) method to test the causal impact of ETS...
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MARKAL LONG-TERM POWER GENERATION SCENARIOS FOR POLAND: INCREASING THE SHARE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES BY 2040
PublicationIn this paper, renewable energy sources (RES) support mechanisms in Poland was presented with perspectives of proposed support system modifications, discussed in the project of Renewable Energy Act. In addition, MARKAL model of RES support mechanism was presented, taking into account technology-specific multiplication factors. Two model runs with emission trading system in place and two additional runs without emission trade were...
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MARKAL long-term power generation scenarios for Poland: Increasing the share of renewable energy sources by 2040
PublicationIn this paper, renewable energy sources (RES) support mechanisms in Poland was presented with perspec-tives of proposed support system modifications, discussed in the project of Renewable Energy Act. In ad-dition, MARKAL model of RES support mechanism was presented, taking into account technology-specific multiplication factors. Two model runs with emission trading system in place and two additional runs without emission trade...
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Creating Acoustic Maps Employing Supercomputing Cluster
PublicationThe implemented online urban noise pollution monitoring system is presented with regard to its conceptual assumptions and technical realization. A concept of the noise source parameters dynamic assessment is introduced. The idea of noise modeling, based on noise emission characteristics and emission simulations, was developer and practically utilized in the system. Furthermore, the working system architecture and the data acquisition...
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Investigation of the Efficiency of a Dual-Fuel Gas Turbine Combustion Chamber with a Plasma‒Chemical Element
PublicationThe study is devoted to the possibility of increasing the efficiency of the working process in dual-fuel combustion chambers of gas turbine engines for FPSO vessels. For the first time, it is proposed to use the advantages of plasma‒chemical intensification of the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in the dual-fuel combustion chambers, which can simultaneously operate on gaseous and liquid fuels. A design scheme of a combustion chamber...
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Recent advances in assessing xenobiotics migrating from packaging material – A review
PublicationMigration of potentially toxic xenobiotics and their transformation products from packaging materials needs continuous monitoring efforts. This task requires utilizing both instrumental and biological methods as more and more novel materials reach market every year to serve consumers and reduce production costs. Unfortunately, these materials very often sneak past our legal regulations on their composition and emission of contaminants...
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INVESTIGATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF A LOWEMISSION GAS TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER OPERATING ON A MIXTURE OF NATURAL GAS AND HYDROGEN
PublicationT his article is devoted to the investigation of the characteristics of a low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber, which can be used in Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessels and operates on a mixture of natural gas and hydrogen. A new approach is proposed for modelling the processes of burning out a mixture of natural gas with hydrogen under preliminary mixing conditions in gaseous fuel with an oxidizer...
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Application of Majority Voting Protocols to Supporting Trading Decisions
PublicationA broad spectrum of analysis and prediction indicators and methods exists to support trading decisions, but no hard knowledge exist to tell in advance which of them will fit best in a given timeframe. To support trading decisions, a multi-agent self-organizing system has been proposed. The system is based on history based dynamic weight voting and selects the right indicators based on their past performance. The formal analysis...
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APPLICATION OF MAJORITY VOTING PROTOCOLS TO SUPPORTING TRADING DECISIONS
PublicationA broad spectrum of analysis and prediction indicators and methods exists to support trading decisions, but no hard knowledge exist to tell in advance which of them will fit best in a given timeframe. To support trading decisions, a multi-agent self-organizing system has been proposed. The system is based on history based dynamic weight voting and selects the right indicators based on their past performance. The formal analysis...
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Hedging Strategies of Derivatives Instruments for Commodity Trading Entities
PublicationHedging as an outcome of risk management arises to account several questions. Mentioned aspect of size of the hedging is one of them. Latter questioning refers to whether producer of manufacturer are willing to secure entire exposure, when the hedging should start, now or later in the future, what is the vision on market like direction of market, time of interest, magnitude of exposure, what would be the preferred instruments of...
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Are Pair Trading Strategies Profitable During COVID-19 Period?
PublicationPair trading strategy is a well-known profitable strategy in stock, forex, and commodity markets. As most of the world stock markets declined during COVID-19 period, therefore this study is going to observe whether this strategy is still profitable after COVID-19 pandemic. One of the powerful algorithms of DBSCAN under the umbrella of unsupervised machine learning is applied and three clusters were formed by using market and accounting...
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A New Quaternion Encryption Scheme for Image Transmission
PublicationQuaternions are hypercomplex number of rank 4. They are often applied to mechanics in three-dimensional space and considered as one of the best ways to represent rotations. In this paper a new encryption scheme, based on the rotation of data vector in three-dimensional space around another quaternion (key) is proposed. A computer-based simulation was created to analyze the potential of the proposed encryption technique.
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Basics on Commodities Risk Management for Grains Trading
PublicationCelem artykułu jest określenie rodzajów grup ryzyka występujących na rynku zbóż oraz przedstawienie możliwości ograniczania wystąpienia zjawisk niepożądanych. Pojawia się kwestia: w jakim stopniu podmioty rynku zbóż, a w szczególności producenci, powinni sami neutralizować występujące ryzyko, a kiedy powinni oczekiwać wsparcia ze strony instytucji państwowych. Coraz powszechniej zastosowanie znajdują instrumenty finansowe w postaci...
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Multichannel self-optimizing active noise control scheme
PublicationThe problem of cancellation of a nonstationary sinusoidal interference, acting at the output of an unknown multivariable linear stable plant, is considered. The proposed cancellation scheme is a nontrivial extension of the SONIC (self-optimizing narrowband interference canceller) algorithm, developed earlier for single-input, single-output plants. In the important benchmark case - for disturbances with randomwalk-type amplitude...
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An improved frequency estimator for an adaptive active noise control scheme
PublicationAn improved frequency tracker is proposed for the recently introduced self optimizing narrowband interference canceller (SONIC). The scheme is designed for disturbances with quasi-linear frequency modulation and, under second-order Gaussian random-walk assumption, can be shown to be statistically efficient. One real-world experiment and several simulations show that a considerable improvement in disturbance rejection may be achieved...
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Some results on trading model in a consensus list coloring
PublicationKonsensusowy model kolorowania grafów - uogólnienie kolorowania listowego, został zdefiniowany przez Mahadeva i Robertsa w 2002 jako użyteczne narzędzie teoretyczne w niektórych zagadnieniach bioinformatycznych. Pozostaje on jednak słabo rozpoznany pod względem własności algorytmicznych. Wykazujemy, że problem kolorowania grafów pełnych w tym modelu jest wielomianowy, co można uogólnić na częściowe k-drzewa przy ustalonym ograniczeniu...
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Some results on a trading model in a consensus list coloring
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A note on an approximative scheme of finding almost homoclinic solutions for Newtonian systems
PublicationIn this work we will be concerned with the existence of an almost homoclinic solution for a perturbed Newtonian system in a finite dimensional space. It is assumed that a potential is C^1 smooth and its gradient is bounded with respect to a time variable. Moreover, a forcing term is continuous, bounded and squere integrable. We will show that the appproximative scheme due to J. Janczewska for a time periodic potential extends to...
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Small-scale passive emission chamber for screening studies on monoterpene emission flux from the surface of wood-based indoor elements
PublicationAnalysis of literature data published in the last fewyears leads to the conclusion that in the process of assessment of emission flux of organic compounds emitted from different types of equipment and finishing materials, new types of devices, among which small-scale passive emission chambers for the performance of in-situ research are designed and applied on a larger scale. These devices can be successfully used for the assessment...
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Digital fingerprinting for color images based on the quaternion encryption scheme
PublicationIn this paper we present a new quaternion-based encryption technique for color images. In the proposed encryption method, images are written as quaternions and are rotated in a three-dimensional space around another quaternion, which is an encryption key. The encryption process uses the cipher block chaining (CBC) mode. Further, this paper shows that our encryption algorithm enables digital fingerprinting as an additional feature....
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High Frequency Harmonics Emission in Smart Grids
PublicationPulse-width modulated rectifiers are nowadays commonly used for AC to DC power conversion. PWM rectification technology is very effective and allows for bidirectional power flow with the possibility of power factor improvement and low-order harmonic emission limitation. Unfortunately, employed PWM boost topology results with generation of input current harmonic distortions in a frequency range tightly correlated to modulation frequency....
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A Simplified SPWM Scheme for a Compact 3-Level Dual-Output Inverter
PublicationSinusoidal Pulse-width modulation, SPWM, is inverter-leg-based, logical-operation-based, and lesscomputational-intensive. In this brief, these simplifying features of SPWM are extended to the control of the 10-switch, 3-level inverter. The control strategy is based on the single triangular carrier SPWM perspective. Procedures and details of the sharing of four-common power switches by the 3 inverter legs are given. Classically,...
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Modulo N Backoff Scheme for effective QoS differentiation and increased bandwidth utilization in IEEE 802.11 networks
PublicationThe paper presents a new "modulo N" channel access scheme for wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). The novel solution derives from the Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) of the IEEE 802.11 standard, further elaborated as Enhanced Distribution Channel Access (EDCA) by the 802.11e draft specification. The main innovation concerns improvement of the binary exponential backoff scheme used for collision avoidance in 802.11 networks....
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Digital Fingerprinting Based on Quaternion Encryption Scheme for Gray-Tone Images
PublicationIn this paper a new idea of digital images fingerprinting is proposed. The method is based on quaternion encryption in the Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) mode. Quaternion sare hyper-complex numbers of rank 4 and thus often applied to mechanics in three-dimensional space. The encryption algorithm described in the paper is designed for gray-tone images but can easily be adopted for color ones. For the encryption purpose, the algorithm...
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Recurrence scheme for FDTD-compatible discrete Green's function derived based on properties of Gauss hypergeometric function
PublicationIn this paper, the formulation of one-dimensional FDTD (Finite-difference time-domain)-compatible discrete Green's function (DGF) is derived based on the Gauss hypergeometric function (GHF). The properties of GHF make it possible to derive the recurrence scheme only in the time domain for the DGF generation. Furthermore, this recurrence scheme is valid for any stable time-step size and can be implemented using standard numerical...
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Trust Dynamics Analysis of CTR Scheme Subversion under Virtual Anonymity and Trust-Unaware Partner Selection
PublicationWe propose a framework to study Markovian trust value dynamics in a centralized Computational Trust and Reputation (CTR) scheme under trust-unaware partner selection using a mean-value approximation. Analytically founded answers are sought to questions like: Can dishonest agents subvert the CTR scheme (i.e., acquire higher trust values than honest agents)? Is indirect reciprocity incentivized? Is there a qualitative impact of a...
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LLA : A New Anypath Routing Scheme Providing Long Path Lifetime in VANETs
PublicationVehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are a promising solution to improve the road traffic safety, reduce the environmental pollution, or simply provide the on-board infotainment services. However, these actions are often not possible due to high mobility of vehicles causing frequent failures of VANET links. In this paper, we focus on anypath routing to improve the reliability of multihop VANET communications. In particular, the paper...
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The Role of Crypto Trading in the Economy, Renewable Energy Consumption and Ecological Degradation
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Stability of the FDTD scheme containing macromodels.
PublicationZaprezentowano analizę stabilnościową algorytmu różnic skończonych w dziedzinie czasu zawierającego makromodele. Pokazano, że dla uzyskania stabilnych makromodeli stabilność schematu FDTD połączonego z makromodelami zależy od sposobu przeprowadzenia interpolacji pól granicznych. Maksymalny dozwolony krok czasowy jest dużo większy niż dla subgriddingu.
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TelePOVM - A generalized quantum teleportation scheme.
PublicationPokazano, że kwantowa teleportacja jest specjalnym przypadkiem uogólnionej nielokalności EPR.
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A simple high-accuracy subgridding scheme
PublicationArtykuł wprowadza nową metodę włączania obszarów o gęstszej siatce w metodzie różnic skończonych w dziedzinie czasu. Obszary o różnych gęstościach siatki łączone są poprzez prostą interpolację pola elektrycznego i magnetycznego. Metoda wymaga nieparzystego współczynnika zagęszczenia i daje niskie współczynniki odbicia od zagęszczonych obszarów zwiększając dokładność obliczeń FDTD i jednocześnie skracając czas obliczeń. Prezentowane...
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A Novel Reliable Routing Scheme for VANETs
PublicationSieci bezprzewodowej transmisji informacji bazujące na rodzinie standardów 802.11, zastosowane w przypadku komunikacji między pojazdami (VANET), mogą istotnie przyczynić się do poprawy bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego. Z uwagi na wysoki stopień mobilności pojazdów, dobór tras w sieciach VANET jest problemem trudnym, zwłaszcza w przypadku transmisji wieloskokowej. Rozwiązania dostępne w literaturze ukierunkowane na poprawę dostępności...
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Numerically efficient algorithm for compact microwave device optimization with flexible sensitivity updating scheme
PublicationAn efficient trust-region algorithm with flexible sensitivity updating management scheme for electromagnetic (EM)-driven design optimization of compact microwave components is proposed. During the optimization process, updating of selected columns of the circuit response Jacobian is performed using a rank-one Broyden formula (BF) replacing finite differentiation (FD). The FD update is omitted for directions sufficiently well aligned...
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S-scheme heterojunction Bi2O3-ZnO/Bentonite clay composite with enhanced photocatalytic performance
PublicationThe industrial waste water is always a bottleneck problem in the modern civilization of the present era. In a quest to develop effective methods for the elimination of lethal pollutants from the waste water and water remediation, this work is focused on the development of a rapid and proficient approach for preparing supported binary metal oxide catalyst for photocatalytic advance oxidation process used in waste water treatment...
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Logical Interface for Soft Handover – an effective scheme of handovers in Proxy Mobile IPv6
PublicationMultimedia services are currently commonly available on mobile devices. Due to networks' convergence and migration to all-IP networks, mobility management at network layer is required. Moreover, nowadays it is popular to equip mobile devices with more than one wireless interface. Thus, soft handovers can be implemented, which means that an existing connection is removed after a new one is established. Usage of the Logical Interfaces...
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Automatic Analysis System of TV Commercial Emission Level
PublicationThe purpose of the study was to determine whether the commercial emission level is higher than the emission level of a regular program and to check if the commercials broadcasters follow the recommended levels of loudness. The paper shortly reviews some chosen methods of volume measurements specified in the ITU and EBU recommendations. Then, it describes a prototype of a system implemented in Embarcadero C++ Builder 2010 which...
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Clean gas technologies - towards zero-emission repowering of Pomerania.
PublicationThe main aim this work is to show the different thermodynamic cycles which improve efficiency and/or decrease emission like: Cheng cycle, Szewalski cycle, LOTHECO cycle, hybrid pSOFC/GT cycle, inverse Brayton cycle, low-emission cycle and zero-emission cycle. For that purpose, cycles and results of analysis are first studied and, secondly, new concept is presented. The role of coupled analysis 0D and 3D in cycle’s devices is also...
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A Reputation Scheme to Discourage Selfish QoS Manipulation in Two-Hop Wireless Relay Networks
PublicationIn wireless networks, stations can improve their received quality of service (QoS) by handling packets of source flows with higher priority. Additionally, in cooperative relay networks, the relays can handle transit flows with lower priority. We use game theory to model a two-hop relay network where each of the two involved stations can commit such selfish QoS manipulation. We design and evaluate a reputation-based incentive scheme...
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Monitoring of underdeck corrosion by using acoustic emission method
PublicationThis paper presents first short characteristics of underdeck corrosion process as well as a problem of its monitoring. Next is described an acoustic emission (AE) method elaborated by Department of Ship Technology , Quality Systems and Material Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology in cooperation with partners of CORFAT project realized within 7th EU Frame Program . Further are presented short characteristics of the emission...
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High-efficient, zero-emission energy production
PublicationThis paper presents innovative thermodynamiccycles with high-efficient, zero-emission energy production. The main aim of this work is to show the role of nano-phenomena in the enhancement of the power of thermodynamic cycles. For that purpose, the cycles using oxy-combustion and spray ejected condensation are first studied and, secondly hybrid cycles using fuel cells and gas turbines are presented. The role of nano-phenomena in...
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Analysis of Business Customers’ Energy Consumption Data Registered by Trading Companies in Poland
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The forming and emission of high power electromagnetic pulses
PublicationAn impulse energy source, a power conditioning system and an electromagnetic field emitter are essential to generate an electromagnetic field pulse (EMFP) with a specific frequency bandwidth. Selected simulation results for a power conditioning system consisting of a fuse opening switch and a paraboloidal electromagnetic emitter have been presented in this article. The synthetic system examined in the simulation is powered by an...
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Corrosion of evaporator tubes in low emission steam boilers
PublicationPurpose of this paper is to reveal the mechanisms of corrosion processes of outer surfaces of low-emission steam boiler evaporator tubes. Examinations were performed to find the reasons of different corrosion susceptibility of tubes situated at combustion chamber on various levels. Examinations were conducted on several segments of 57 x 5.0 mm evaporator tubes made of 16M (16Mo3) steel grade. Segments were taken from level of...
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Time domain model of the resonance-based electromagnetic pulses emission system
PublicationIn the literature, the emission properties of the electromagnetic field pulse systems based on high voltage antennas (HVR) have been widely described. In order to increase the emission efficiency by extending duration and increasing amplitude of the impulse it is possible to use a resonance system tuned to the parameters of the signal shaped in the pulse forming circuit. The synthesis of a time-domain simulation model of a complex...
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Model order reduction for subgridding in fdtd scheme
PublicationW artykule zaprezentowana została technika pozwalająca na uzyskanie wysokiej rozdzielczości w metodzie FDTD. Prezentowany algorytm jest połączeniem metod redukcji rzędu modelu i lokalnych zagęszczeń zaimplementowanych do FDTD. Pozwala to zmniejszyć liczbę użytych zmiennych stanu, a także skrócić krok czasowy, co skutkuje znacznie krótszym czasem symulacji, niż w przypadku klasycznej metody FDTD.
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A distributed scheme for inter-domain routing optimization
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Region protection/restoration scheme in survivable networks
PublicationW artykule zaproponowano nowe podejście do zabezpieczania/odtwarzania obszarowego, gdzie scieżka zabezpieczająca chroni pewien obszar ścieżki aktywnej. Wykazano, że ta metoda utrzymuje zarówno czasy odtwarzania, jak i współczynnik wykorzystania zasobów w rozsądnych granicach. Ze względu na fakt, że zadanie znalezienia ścieżek aktywnych i ścieżek zabezpieczających jest NP-zupełne, autorzy stworzyli algorytm heurystyczny i pokazali,...