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Search results for: PARTICLE COLLISION
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Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Upconverting Liposomes: Mechanistic Insights into the Role of Membranes in Two-Dimensional TTA-UC
PublicationTriplet−triplet annihilation upconversion (TTA-UC) implemented in nanoparticle assemblies is of emerging interest in biomedical applications, including in drug delivery and imaging. As it is a bimolecular process, ensuring sufficient mobility of the sensitizer and annihilator to facilitate effective collision in the nanoparticle is key. Liposomes can provide the benefits of two-dimensional confinement and condensed concentration...
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Verification of Formulas for Periods of Adjacent Buildings Used to Assess Minimum Separation Gap Preventing Structural Pounding during Earthquakes
PublicationInsufficient separation distance between adjacent buildings may lead to serious damages during earthquakes due to structural pounding. The best way to prevent collisions is to provide sufficiently large separation distance between the structures. In this paper, the periods of two closely-spaced linear and nonlinear buildings have been investigated so as to accurately assess the minimum in-between separation gap. A new equation...
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Comparative Analysis of Text Representation Methods Using Classification
PublicationIn our work, we review and empirically evaluate five different raw methods of text representation that allow automatic processing of Wikipedia articles. The main contribution of the article—evaluation of approaches to text representation for machine learning tasks—indicates that the text representation is fundamental for achieving good categorization results. The analysis of the representation methods creates a baseline that cannot...
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Redifining the Space – The Impact of Art Instalation in the Public Space
PublicationThe article presents the outcomes of the ‘Art and design’ - interdisciplinary programme WIRE 2013, and the work of studio regarding the impact of art instalation in the public Space . The subject of the workshop was an ‘Architectural Installation’. The relationship between art and architecture remains a challenging issue today, first and foremost in the domain of architecture, and particularly in art and design schools. To address...
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Liquid–phase microextraction: A review of reviews
PublicationSample preparation is an important step in chemical analysis. It is generally done to deal with problems associated with the nature of the matrix, low analyte concentrations in real samples or analyte features incompatible with the instrumentation. Classical methods of extraction consume large volumes of hazardous solvents and other reagents and are not in line with the recent emergence of green analytical chemistry. Liquid-phase...
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Electron-scattering cross sections for selected alkyne molecules: Measurements and calculations
PublicationWe report cross-section results from experimental and theoretical studies on electron collisions with 1-butyne (HC≡C–CH2CH3) and acetylene (HC≡CH) molecules and from computations for a propyne (HC≡C–CH3) molecule. Absolute grand -total electron-scattering cross sections (TCSs) were measured at impact energies ranging from about 0.5 to 300 eV using the linear electron-transmission method. The TCS energy curve for 1-butyne has a...
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Influence of separation gap on the structural response of colliding structures under earthquake excitation
PublicationThe high level of urbanization in the XXIst century forces the designers to design closely-separated structures and to take into account many factors influencing their response during seismic excitation, which are the most unpredictable loads which can affect civil engineering structures. Interactions between insufficiently adjacent buildings, known as the earthquake-induced structural pounding, may cause serious damage to the structures,...
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Effects of Deck-Abutment Pounding on the Seismic Fragility Curves of Box-Girder Highway Bridges
PublicationEarthquake-induced pounding in bridges is a complex contact phenomenon in which the dynamic responses of structures, including collisions between deck and abutments, are strongly related to structural properties and earthquake excitation. The goal of this study is to develop and compare the seismic fragility curves of overall system and individual components of regular and irregular box-girder highway bridges in two cases: with...
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Seismic gap between buildings founded on different soil types experiencing pounding during earthquakes
PublicationSeveral formulas have been suggested in the literature to evaluate the minimum seismic gap that would prevent collisions between adjacent buildings during earthquakes, including those based on the absolute sum of the peak displacements (ABS), square root of the sum of the squares (SRSS), the double difference method (DDC), Australian code, and approach proposed by Naderpour et al. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the...
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Study on Polymer Elements for Mitigation of Earthquake-Induced Pounding Between Buildings in Complex Arrangements
PublicationPounding between neighboring structures during seismic events has been revealed as one of the most commonly observed reasons for severe damage or even total collapse of the adjacent buildings. Therefore, pounding effects have recently become an issue of great interest of many numerical and experimental investigations in many earthquake-prone regions of the world. It has also been observed that the differences in dynamic characteristics...
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Linear viscoelastic modelling of damage-involved structural pounding during earthquakes
PublicationDamage-involved structural pounding during earthquakes has been recently intensively studied using different impact force models. The results of the previous studies indicate that the linear viscoelastic model is relatively simple yet accurate in modelling pounding-involved behaviour of structures during earthquakes. The only shortcoming of the model is a negative value of the pounding force occurring just before separation, which...
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Modulo N Backoff Scheme for effective QoS differentiation and increased bandwidth utilization in IEEE 802.11 networks
PublicationThe paper presents a new "modulo N" channel access scheme for wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). The novel solution derives from the Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) of the IEEE 802.11 standard, further elaborated as Enhanced Distribution Channel Access (EDCA) by the 802.11e draft specification. The main innovation concerns improvement of the binary exponential backoff scheme used for collision avoidance in 802.11 networks....
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How to provide fair service for V2I communications in VANETs?
PublicationIn this paper, we focus on fairness issues of Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communications. In particular, we show that under a common technique of selection of RSUs by OBUs based on the received signal strength, a vast variability of a number of OBUs connected to RSUs can be observed leading to inefficient/unfair service provided by RSUs. To overcome this problem, we propose an algorithm for RSU selection called RSEL to obtain...
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Four Degree-of-Freedom Hydrodynamic Maneuvering Model of a Small Azipod-Actuated Ship With Application to Onboard Decision Support Systems
PublicationThe main contribution of this paper is a numerical ship motion model of NTNU’s research vessel Gunnerus, capturing the surge, sway, roll, and yaw dynamics when sailing in uniform and steady currents. The model utilizes a crossflow drag formulation for the transverse viscous loads, and it includes a nonlinear formulation for the propulsion and steering loads provided by two azipod thrusters. A wide range of experimental data obtained...
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MARSTRUCT benchmark study on nonlinear FE simulation of an experiment of an indenter impact with a ship side-shell structure
PublicationThis paper presents a benchmark study on collision simulations that was initiated by the MARSTRUCT Virtual Institute. The objective was to compare assumptions, finite element models, modelling techniques and experiences between established researchers within the field. Fifteen research groups world-wide participated in the study. An experiment involving a rigid indenter penetrating a ship-like side structure was used as the case...
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Refined theoretical study of radiative association: Cross sections and rate constants for the formation of SiN
PublicationRadiative association of silicon mononitride (SiN) in its two lowest molecular electronic states is studied through quantum and classical dynamics. Special attention is paid to the behavior of the cross section at high collision energies. A modified expression for the semiclassical cross section is presented which excludes transitions to continuum states. This gives improved agreement with quantum mechanical perturbation theory...
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Fractional Spectral and Fractional Finite Element Methods: A Comprehensive Review and Future Prospects
PublicationIn this article, we will discuss the applications of the Spectral element method (SEM) and Finite element Method (FEM) for fractional calculusThe so-called fractional Spectral element method (f-SEM) and fractional Finite element method (f-FEM) are crucial in various branches of science and play a significant role. In this review, we discuss the advantages and adaptability of FEM and SEM, which provide the simulations of fractional...
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Permeability of the small intestinal mucus for physiologically relevant studies: Impact of mucus location and ex vivo treatment
PublicationThe small intestinal mucus is a complex colloidal system that coats the intestinal mucosa. It allows passage on nutrients/pharmaceuticals from the gut lumen towards the epithelium, whilst preventing it from direct contact with luminal microorganisms. Mucus collected from intestinal tissue is often used in studies looking at inter-mucosal transport of food particulates, drug carriers, etc. However, detaching the highly hydrated...
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External Validation Measures for Nested Clustering of Text Documents
PublicationAbstract. This article handles the problem of validating the results of nested (as opposed to "flat") clusterings. It shows that standard external validation indices used for partitioning clustering validation, like Rand statistics, Hubert Γ statistic or F-measure are not applicable in nested clustering cases. Additionally to the work, where F-measure was adopted to hierarchical classification as hF-measure, here some methods to...
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Logistical Aspects of Energy Conversion Efficiency in Marine Steam Power Plants in Off-Design Conditions
PublicationThe paper presents logistical aspects of energy conversion efficiency in off-design conditions. The main part of the article is based on results of thermodynamic calculation for large propulsion steam turbine under partial loads. Calculations are made on extended mathematical model of two proposed steam turbine thermodynamic cycles using Stodola’s cone law. The conclusion based on calculation re-sults contains importance of off-design...
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Matrix-based robust joint fingerprinting and decryption method for multicast distribution of multimedia
PublicationThis paper addresses the problem of unauthorized redistribution of multimedia content by malicious users (pirates). The solution proposed here is a new joint fingerprinting and decryption method which meets the requirements for both imperceptibility and robustness of fingerprints and scalability in terms of design and distribution of fingerprinted multimedia content. The proposed method uses a simple block cipher based on matrix...
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Do positrons measure atomic and molecular diameters?
PublicationWe report on density functional calculations (DFT) of elastic integral scattering cross-sections for positron collisions with argon, krypton, nitrogen and methane. The long-range asymptotic polarization potential is described using higher-order terms going much beyond an induced dipole potential (−α / r 4) while the short-range interaction is modeled by two different forms of electron – positron correlation potential (Boroński-Nieminen...
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Earthquake-induced pounding between superstructure segments of isolated bridge
PublicationThe use of seismic isolation in bridges is considered as one of the most promising advanced technologies to enhance the structural safety during earthquakes. However, the method results in larger displacements of superstructure segments increasing the probability of pounding between them. Reports after severe ground motions show that the earthquake-induced structural pounding may lead to significant damage in isolated bridges....
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Evolutionary Sets of Safe Ship Trajectories: improving the method by adjusting evolutionary techniques and parameters
PublicationThe paper presents some of the evolutionary techniques used by the evolutionary sets of safe ship trajectories method. In general, this method utilizes a customized evolutionary algorithm to solve a constrained optimization problem. This problem is defined as finding a set of cooperating trajectories (here the set is an evolutionary individual) of all the ships involved in the encounter situation. The resulting trajectories are...
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A Review on Deactivation and Regeneration of Catalysts for Dimethyl Ether Synthesis
Publicationhe deactivation of catalysts and their regeneration are two very important challenges that need to be addressed for many industrial processes. The most quoted reasons for the deterioration of dimethyl ether synthesis (DME) concern the sintering and the hydrothermal leaching of copper particles, their migration to acid sites, the partial formation of copper and zinc hydroxycarbonates, the formation of carbon deposits, and surface...
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Double ZIF-L structures with exceptional CO2 capacity
PublicationCarbon dioxide emission is an emerging problem nowadays and new methods are designed for its control. In this article, a report on the formation of zeolitic imidazole framework with an apparent double leaf-like morphology DZIF-L is given. The special structure of the materials prevents from aggregation of the particles providing remarkable CO2 capacity. At 0.1 MPa the CO2 uptake was 2.99 ± 0.06 mmol/g. The capacity of synthesized...
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The impact of shipping 4.0 on controlling shipping accidents: A systematic literature review
PublicationMaritime shipping, with a significant role in global trade, confronts various accidents leading to loss of lives, properties, and the environment. Shipping 4.0 technologies are scaling up to address this problem by employing real-time data-driven technologies, including cyber-physical systems, advanced tracking and tracing, intelligent systems, and big data analytics. Despite growing attention, there is a general lack of clarity...
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Low-energy interactions related to atmospheric and extreme conditions
PublicationThis Topical Issue, entitled “Low-Energy Interactions Related to Atmospheric and Extreme Conditions”, showcases a collection of eighteen articles that reported recent theoretical and experimental findings pertaining to the following topics: – low-energy interactions of charged particles (electrons [1–7], protons [8], positrons [9]), and photons [10] with atoms and molecules of biological [1–4,7,8], astrochemical [10], industrial,...
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Functionalization of indium-tin-oxide electrodes by laser-nanostructured gold thin films for biosensing applications
Publicationof a relatively large area formed by pulsed laser nanostructuring of thin gold films arereported and discussed. The SEM inspection of modified electrodes reveals the presence of the nearlyspherical and disc-shaped particles of dimensions in the range of 40–120 nm. The NP-array geometry canbe controlled by selection of the laser processing conditions. It is shown that particle size and packingdensity of the array are important factors...
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Electrohydrodynamic Flow Patterns in a Narrow Electrostatic Precipitator with Longitudinal Wire Electrode for Various Electrode Geometries
PublicationRecently narrow electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) have become a subject of interest because of their possible application in diesel engines. In this paper results of 2-dimensional (2D) Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements of the flow patterns in a narrow ESP for a various electrode geometries are presented. The PIV measurements were carried out in the observation plane that is perpendicular to the ESP duct. The ESP was...
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Joint fingerprinting and decryption method for color images based on quaternion rotation with cipher quaternion chaining
PublicationThis paper addresses the problem of unauthorized redistribution of multimedia content by malicious users (pirates). In this method three color channels of the image are considered a 3D space and each component of the image is represented as a point in this 3D space. The distribution side uses a symmetric cipher to encrypt perceptually essential components of the image with the encryption key and then sends the encrypted data via...
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Trustworthiness and Subversion in Large Service- Oriented Multi-Agent Systems under Virtual Anonymity and Blind Provider Selection
PublicationTo promote honest service provision in multi-agent systems, a Computational Trustworthiness and Rating scheme collects service ratings and computes agents' trustworthiness levels (TLs). Studies of existing schemes fail to reflect closed-loop dynamics of TLs arising from the mutual influence of agents' behavior and TLs, and to capture relevant properties. Recent simulative and analytical models produce results tied to a particular...
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Seismic pounding between adjacent buildings: Identification of parameters, soil interaction issues and mitigation measures
PublicationStructural pounding has been observed in many previous earthquakes due to insufficient gap commonly provided between adjacent structures. The collisions usually generate large impact forces and short duration acceleration pulses which may result in significant damage to the colliding buildings. Because of that, earthquake induced structural pounding has been intensively studied and investigated for the last three decades. Results...
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An electronic nose for quantitative determination of gas concentrations
PublicationThe practical application of human nose for fragrance recognition is severely limited by the fact that our sense of smell is subjective and gets tired easily. Consequen tly, there is considerable need for an instrument that can be a substitution of the human sense of smell. Electronic nose devices from the mid 1980s are used in growing number of applications. They comprise an array of several electrochemical gas sensors...
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Does being socially good save firms from bankruptcy? A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis
PublicationThe purpose of the review was to find out, does being responsible saves firms from bank-ruptcy? What is the relationship between corporate social responsibility and default risk? What meth-ods and measures are used in the literature to evaluate this relationship? And what is the theoretical underpinning of the studies? Moreover, to explore what are the gaps for future work, Web of Science and Scopus databases were utilised to obtain...
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On the Possibilities of Decreasing Power Loss in Large Tilting Pad Thrust Bearings
PublicationJournal Menu About this Journal Abstracting and Indexing Aims and Scope Article Processing Charges Articles in Press Author Guidelines Bibliographic Information Citations to this Journal Contact Information Editorial Board Editorial Workflow Free eTOC Alerts Publication Ethics Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents Abstract Full-Text PDF Full-Text HTML...
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Biznesplan dla zakładu podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej o rozszerzonej działalności na obszarze dzielnicy Gdańsk-Południe
PublicationIn recent years we have seen the dynamic development of medical services sector in Poland. Private health centres focus on aggressive development strategy. The role of primaryhealth care facilities, which provide services financed from the public funds, declined.The purpose of the article is to present methods of strategic planning which allow toopen new healthcare entity. The next purpose is to make in practice...
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Sea, River, Lake Ice Properties and Their Applications in Practices
PublicationThis Special Issue aims to highlight research articles focusing on the geographical scale of glacier and lake ice variations, as well as the engineering scale of ice properties and their practical applications via laboratory tests and numerical modeling. Additionally, it includes research on ecosystems under lake ice. The main goal is successfully achieved through the joint efforts of authors, anonymous reviewers, and editorial...
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On the Fenchel–Moreau conjugate of G-function and the second derivative of the modular in anisotropic Orlicz spaces
PublicationIn this paper, we investigate the properties of the Fenchel–Moreau conjugate of G-function with respect to the coupling function c(x, A) = |A[x]2 |. We provide conditions that guarantee that the conjugate is also a G-function. We also show that if a G-function G is twice differentiable and its second derivative belongs to the Orlicz space generated by the Fenchel–Moreau conjugate of G then the modular generated by G is twice differentiable...
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Homoclinics for singular strong force Lagrangian systems in R^N
PublicationWe will be concerned with the existence of homoclinics for second order Hamiltonian systems in R^N (N>2) given by Hamiltonians of the form H(t,q,p)=Φ(p)+V(t,q), where Φ is a G-function in the sense of Trudinger, V is C^2-smooth, periodic in the time variable, has a single well of infinite depth at a point ξ and a unique strict global maximum 0 at the origin. Under a strong force type condition aroud the singular point ξ, we prove...
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The Palais–Smale condition for the Hamiltonian action on a mixed regularity space of loops in cotangent bundles and applications
PublicationWe show that the Hamiltonian action satisfies the Palais-Smale condition over a “mixed regular- ity” space of loops in cotangent bundles, namely the space of loops with regularity H^s, s ∈ (1/2, 1), in the baseand H^{1−s} in the fiber direction. As an application, we give a simplified proof of a theorem of Hofer-Viterbo on the existence of closed characteristic leaves for certain contact type hypersufaces in cotangent bundles.
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Seismic probabilistic assessment of steel and reinforced concrete structures including earthquake-induced pounding
PublicationRecent earthquakes demonstrate that prioritizing the retrofitting of buildings should be of the utmost importance for enhancing the seismic resilience and structural integrity of urban structures. To have a realistic results of the pounding effects in modeling process of retrofitting buildings, the present research provides seismic Probability Factors (PFs), which can be used for estimating collision effects without engaging in...
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Quantum mechanical which-way experiment with an internal degree of freedom
PublicationFor a particle travelling through an interferometer, the trade-off between the available which-way information and the interference visibility provides a lucid manifestation of the quantum mechanical wave-particle duality. Here we analyse this relation for a particle possessing an internal degree of freedom such as spin. We quantify the trade-off with a general inequality that paints an unexpectedly intricate picture of wave-particle...
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Selected Aspects of Pavement Texture Influence on Tire Rolling Resistance
PublicationTire rolling resistance has a significant influence on fuel consumption in cars and trucks and on CO2 emissions. Rolling resistance depends on the tire construction, pavement texture and stiffness, as well as environmental and traffic conditions. This article presents a pilot study on the impact of pavement texture on the rolling resistance of passenger car tires. Reasons why Mean Profile Depth is not a good descriptor of pavement...
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Road texture influence on tyre rolling resistance
PublicationTyre performance, one of the critical factors for vehicle users, is strongly related to theroad surface characteristics, most notably to the pavement texture. Phenomena that occur at the tyre/road interface affect tyre friction (skid resistance), rolling resistance, tyre wear and tyre/road noise. This article deals with relationship between surface texture and rolling resistance of light and heavy vehicle tyres. Mean profile depth...
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Public space as a place of rehabilitation for the elderly – a systematic literature review
PublicationThe phenomenon of the population’s gradual global ageing means that an increasing proportion of research is concerned with the space in which seniors function on a daily basis. They are primarily aimed at identifying elements of the built environment that need updating in the new social context. The purpose of the analyses presented in this article is to review the current scientific literature on various aspects of physical activity...
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W-like bound entangled states and secure key distillation
PublicationWe construct multipartite entangled states with underlying W-type structuresatisfying positive partial transpose (PPT) condition under any (N −1)|1 partition. Then we showhow to distill a N-partite secure key from the states using two different methods: direct applicationof local filtering and novel random key distillation scheme in which we adopt the idea from recentresults on entanglement distillation. Open problems and possible...
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Cognitive motivations and foundations for building intelligent decision-making systems
PublicationConcepts based on psychology fit well with current research trends related to robotics and artificial intelligence. Biology-inspired cognitive architectures are extremely useful in building agents and robots, and this is one of the most important challenges of modern science. Therefore, the widely viewed and far-reaching goal of systems research and engineering is virtual agents and autonomous robots that mimic human behavior in...
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Evolutionary Planning of Safe Ship Tracks in Restricted Visibility
PublicationThe paper presents the continuation of the author's research on ship track planning by means of Evolutionary Algorithms (EA). The presented method uses EA to search for an optimal set of safe tracks for all ships involved in an encounter. Until now the method assumed good visibility – compliance with standard rules of the Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGS, 1972). However, in restricted...
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Electron impact iozization of CCl4 and SF6 embedded in superfluid helium droplets
PublicationElectron impact ionization of helium nano-droplets containing several 104 He atoms and doped with CCl4 or SF6 molecules is studied with high-mass resolution. The mass spectra show significant clustering of CCl4 molecules, less so for SF6 under our experimental conditions. Positive ion efficiency curves as a function of electron energy indicate complete immersion of the molecules inside the helium droplets in both cases. For CCl4...