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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: CONCRETE STRUCTURES
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Field investigation of low-temperature cracking and stiffness moduli on selected roads with conventional and high modulus asphalt concrete
PublikacjaHigh Modulus Asphalt Concrete (HMAC) was introduced in Poland as a one of the solutions to the problem of rutting, type of deterioration common in the 1990s. After first encouraging trials in 2002 HMAC was widely used for heavily loaded national roads and motorways. However some concerns were raised about low-temperature cracking of HMAC. This was the main reason of the studies presented in this article were started. The article...
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Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Lightweight Concretes (LWCs) with Various Aggregates
PublikacjaHigh requirements for the properties of construction materials and activities directed at environment protection are reasons to look for new solutions in concrete technology. This research was directed at solutions affecting the reduction of energy consumption and CO2 emissions. The use of lightweight concretes (LWCs) allows one to meet both conditions at the same time. The purpose of the research presented in this paper was to...
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Building Information Modelling as an opportunity and risk for stakeholders involved in construction investment process
PublikacjaThe requirements to apply Building Information Modelling (BIM) in public investments worldwide are currently very high. Significant interest (sometimes formulated also as a requirement) in BIM technology can be observed also among private investors. Design technology that applies BIM is supported by many private investors due to its numerous advantages. A growing group of construction designers (steel, concrete and reinforced concrete...
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Data-Driven Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete: A Critical Review
PublikacjaFiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is extensively used in diverse structural engineering applications, and its mechanical properties are crucial for designing and evaluating its performance. The compressive, flexural, splitting tensile, and shear strengths of FRCs are among the most important attributes, which have been discussed more extensively than other properties. The accurate prediction of these properties, which are required...
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Chained machine learning model for predicting load capacity and ductility of steel fiber–reinforced concrete beams
PublikacjaOne of the main issues associated with steel fiber–reinforced concrete (SFRC) beams is the ability to anticipate their flexural response. With a comprehensive grid search, several stacked models (i.e., chained, parallel) consisting of various machine learning (ML) algorithms and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were developed to predict the flexural response of SFRC beams. The flexural performance of SFRC beams under bending was...
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Machine learning-based prediction of preplaced aggregate concrete characteristics
PublikacjaPreplaced-Aggregate Concrete (PAC) is a type of preplaced concrete where coarse aggregate is placed in the mold and a Portland cement-sand grout with admixtures is injected to fill the voids. Due to the complex nature of PAC, many studies were conducted to determine the effects of admixtures and the compressive and tensile strengths of PAC. Considering that a prediction tool is needed to estimate the compressive and tensile strengths...
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Effect of polymer fibres reinforcement on selected properties of asphalt mixtures
PublikacjaThe paper presents selected results of the research program concerning fibre reinforced asphalt concrete. Aramid-polyalphaolefin fibres was used in this study. Selected properties responsible for low temperature cracking and resistance to permanent deformation are presented in this paper. Low temperature cracking susceptibility was evaluated with the results obtained from bending test of rectangular beams with constant rate of...
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GPR simulations for diagnostics of a reinforced concrete beam
PublikacjaThe most popular technique for modelling of an electromagnetic field, the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, has recently become a popular technique as an interpretation tool for ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements. The aim of this study is to detect the size and the position of damage in a reinforced concrete beam using GPR maps. Numerical simulations were carried out using the finite differ-ence time domain...
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Safety assessment of a concrete viaduct damaged by vehicle impact and an evaluation of the repair
PublikacjaDamage to lower parts of viaducts caused by impact from under-passing high vehicles is relatively frequent. One such incident, in which a viaduct was damaged by the impact from a truck with an improperly assembled hydraulic crane, is considered in this work. The analysis is based on a detailed object damage evaluation, 3D laser scanning, and numerical simulations. The aim of the study is to accurately model the vehicle impact into...
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Machine-learning methods for estimating compressive strength of high-performance alkali-activated concrete
PublikacjaHigh-performance alkali-activated concrete (HP-AAC) is acknowledged as a cementless and environmentally friendly material. It has recently received a substantial amount of interest not only due to the potential it has for being used instead of ordinary concrete but also owing to the concerns associated with climate change, sustainability, reduction of CO2 emissions, and energy consumption. The characteristics and amounts of the...
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Noise Analysis of Continuous GPS Time Series of Selected EPN Stations to Investigate Variations in Stability of Monument Types
PublikacjaThe type of monument that a GPS antenna is placed on plays a significant role in noise estimation for each permanent GPS station. In this research 18 Polish permanent GPS stations that belong to the EPN (EUREF Permanent Network) were analyzed using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). The antennae of Polish EPN stations are placed on roofs of buildings or on concrete pillars. The analyzed data covers a period of 5 years from 2008...
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Analysis of load carrying capacity and destruction mechanism of an intermediate anchorage steel plate for pillar jib crane
PublikacjaPillar jib cranes are often mounted to existing floors with the use of an intermediate anchorage steel plate instead of using independent foundations, what is shown in the figure. Standards for steel design provide only basic rules for the design of such an intermediate plate. This study presents a simple design approach by using a numerical model in order to analyze different parameters that have significant influence in the anchorage...
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Experimental Study of Dapped-End Beams Subjected to Inclined Load
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of the reinforced concrete (RC) dapped-end beams loaded with inclined forces, compared to identical ones loaded with vertical forces only. Such a load may occur in, for example, Gerber's joints or in dapped-end beams supported on corbels, where the vertical gravitation force is additionally completed with horizontal forces caused by temperature differences, shrinking,...
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Wave propagation in damage assessment of ground anchors
PublikacjaThe inspection possibilities of ground anchors are limited to destructive test such as pull-out test. Guided wave propagation gives an opportunity to develop an inspection system dedicated to determine the condition of inspected element without violation of their integrity. In this paper the experimental study on wave propagation in laboratory models of ground anchors are presented. Experiments were conducted for different bonding...
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Numerical modeling of GPR field in damage detection of a reinforced concrete footbridge
PublikacjaThe paper presents a study on the use of the ground penetrating radar (GPR) method in diagnostics of a footbridge. It contains experimental investigations and numerical analyses of the electromagnetic field propagation using the finite difference time domain method (FDTD). The object of research was a reinforced concrete footbridge over a railway line. The calculations of the GPR field propagation were performed on a selected cross-section...
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Methods of estimating the cost of traffic safety equipment’s life cycle
Publikacjan the article, the authors discuss the preliminary information necessary to determine the scope and direction of further research conducted within the project called “The influence of time and operating conditions on the durability and functionality of road safety elements”. The main objective of the project is to develop the concept of a method for optimizing the life cycle costs of road safety devices. The authors draw attention...
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Modelling the malware propagation in mobile computer devices
PublikacjaNowadays malware is a major threat to the security of cyber activities. The rapid develop- ment of the Internet and the progressive implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) increase the security needs of networks. This research presents a theoretical model of malware propagation for mobile computer devices. It is based on the susceptible-exposed- infected-recovered-susceptible (SEIRS) epidemic model. The scheme is based on...
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Parametric analysis of Istanbul's Ring Road viaduct for three levels of seismic load
PublikacjaThe paper presents a parametric analysis of the Istanbul's ring road viaduct that is currently under construction within the Northern Marmara Highway project. The structure, due to its location on seismic prone areas is exposed to seismic loads of different strengths and different return periods. The study is focused on concrete bridge supports that are design to work in nonlinear range. The parametric study, conducted in MATLAB...
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Improvement of the load capacity of the road overpass as a result of repairs after breakage caused by vehicle impacts
PublikacjaDamage of spans of the overpass caused by impact of underpassing vehicles are a frequent case. Objects that use prefabricated load-bearing elements that are not designed for such impacts are particularly exposed. After impact, such parts suffer extensive damage that need repair. Taking advantages of this recovery actions it is worth to perform strengthening that will protect object against possible future impacts. In this study...
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A pin-on-disc study of airborne wear particle emissions from studded tyre on concrete road contacts
PublikacjaStudded tyres wear surfaces of winter roads, generating inhalable airborne particles. In this study, four concrete road materials and two stud geometries were investigated in terms of wear, road material hardness and airborne particle concentration. The sliding contact between studded tyres and road materials was studied using a pin-on-disc machine in a clean chamber. The results show that the normal load and the stud size have...
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FE analysis of a coupled energetic-statistical size effect in plain concrete beams with varying material properties.
PublikacjaThe numerical FE investigations of a coupled energetic-statistical size effect in unnotched concrete beams of similar geometry under quasi-static three point bending were performed within elasto-plasticity with non-local softening. The stochastic FE analyses were carried out with three different beam sizes. Deterministic calculations were performed with the uniform distribution of a uniaxial tensile strength. In statistical calculations...
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Investigation of low-temperature cracking in newly constructed high-modulus asphalt concrete base course of a motorway pavement
PublikacjaThe paper presents the issue of low-temperature transverse cracks which have developed in newly constructed base courses made of high-modulus asphalt concrete mix (HMAC). Numerous transverse cracks developed in the analysed HMAC base during the winter season before the pavement was actually completed, both at the transverse joint locations and in the areas between them. This had not happened so far on such a scale during road construction...
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Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Bracket Strengthening
PublikacjaThe aim of the research is laboratory investigation of aluminium brackets employed to fasten lightweight curtain walls to building facilities. Tensile loads perpendicular to end plates (vertical) were applied here. The author focused on the solutions intended to increase the load-carrying capacity of aluminium brackets applying the plain washer form A (DIN 125; ISO 7089), plain washer with an outer diameter about 3d (DIN 9021;...
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Interoperability Description of Web Services Based Application Servers
PublikacjaWeb services standards were designed to enable interoperability of heterogeneous application servers in the Service Oriented Architecture. Although the standards proved to be highly successful, there are still difficulties in effective services integration. The paper presents a methodology that enables description of application servers interoperability in order to improve the service integration process. The methodology proposes...
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REINFORCED CONCRETE SUPPORTING CONSTRUCTION OF THE STADIUM COVER FOR EURO 2012 IN GDAŃSK
PublikacjaIn the article structural issues that connected with the reinforced concrete supporting construction of the stadium roofing for EURO 2012 in Gdańsk were described. In the first part of the article the concept of stadium foundation were described. In the second the static - strength analysis for two variants fastening together individual foundation elements were made. The two assumed geometrically different concept of foundation...
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Quantum origins of objectivity
PublikacjaIn spite of all of its successes, quantum mechanics leaves us with a central problem: How does nature create a bridge from fragile quanta to the objective world of everyday experience? Here we find that a basic structure within quantum mechanics that leads to the perceived objectivity is a so-called spectrum broadcast structure. We uncover this based on minimal assumptions, without referring to any dynamical details or a concrete...
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Load Tests of the Movable Footbridge Over the Port Canal in Ustka
PublikacjaThe paper presents the acceptance tests carried out on the open footbridge over the port canal in the Port of Ustka. The steel footbridge construction is created by a single pylon to which a movable truss span is suspended with a theoretical span of 52.3 m. The studies about load test of the object included static and dynamic extortion and measurements. In static tests the ballast was of pallets with concrete blocks. Dynamic studies...
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Study on population dynamics for triple-linked food chain using a simulation-based approach
PublikacjaThe procedures based on simulation have become a feasible testing method that does not require investing valuable resources to create a concrete prototype, especially with the increasing computational power of computers. Thus, design changes can be adopted and design errors can be fixed before it is too late. Simulation turns to be a cheap, safe and often more acceptable from an ethical perspective. In our work we summarize the...
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LNG TANK IN ŚWINOUJŚCIE: NONLINEAR ANALYSIS OF THE TANK DOME ELEMENTS BEHAVIOUR
PublikacjaIn this paper, the dome of a tank in the Świnoujście LNG terminal is analysed. Some of the rafter ribs at the connection with hangers were not mounted during construction of the tank dome. Therefore, it has become necessary to estimate its response, which has been done with the aid of some computational models of the dome, that have been created in the finite element method environment. Different local models are studied, aiming...
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The potential of raw sewage sludge in construction industry – A review
PublikacjaExcess sewage sludge produced in any municipal or industrial wastewater treatment plant becomes a serious problem due to its increasing amount. This increase is related to the improvement of treatment technologies, expansion of sewage systems and the development of new industrial plants. The implementation and development of new technologies related to the utilization of sewage sludge is currently based on treating it as a substrate....
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Polymeric Bearings as a new base isolation system suitable for mitigating machine-induced vibrations
PublikacjaThe present paper summarizes the preliminary results of the experimental shaking table investigation conducted in order to verify the effectiveness of a new base isolation system consisting of Polymeric Bearings in reducing strong horizontal machine-induced vibrations. Polymeric Bearing considered in the present study is a prototype base isolation system, which was constructed with the use of a specially prepared flexible polymer...
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Testing of low temperature behaviour of asphalt mixtures in bending creep test
PublikacjaThe paper presents a method of bending beam test and its importance for evaluation of asphalt mixtures behaviour at low temperatures. Two types of asphalt mixtures: asphalt concrete AC with normal paving grade bitumen and stone mastic asphalt SMA with SBS-modified bitumen were tested. Long-term oven ageing (LTOA) test was also used in the laboratory according to SHRP procedure. The Burgers model was applied and rheological parameters...
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Utilization of Gaseous Carbon Dioxide and Industrial Ca-rich Waste for Calcium Carbonate Precipitation: A Review
PublikacjaTechnologies for the management of various types of waste and the production of useful products from them are currently widely studied. Both carbon dioxide and calcium-rich waste from various production processes are problematic wastes that can be used to produce calcium carbonate. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview about the state of the development of processes that use these two wastes...
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The effect of multiaxial geocomposite reinforcement on fatigue performance and crack propagation delay in double-layered asphalt beams
PublikacjaThe presented study investigates the effect of a recently developed multiaxial geocomposite made of polypropylene geogrid and non-woven fabric on the delay of crack propagation, based on four-point bending tests of large asphalt concrete beams – both for reinforced and non-reinforced specimens. Several approaches are described in this study, including analysis of stiffness modulus decrease and analysis of crack propagation using...
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Shear Cap Size Selection Method Based on Parametric Analysis of ACI-318 Code and Eurocode 2 Standard
PublikacjaThe scope of the paper is to propose a method for determining the size of shear caps in a slab–column-connections-reinforced concrete structure. Usually, shear heads are used to enhance slab–column connection, especially when the transverse reinforcement does not give the required punching shear load capacity. The dimensions of the shear head should provide the punching shear resistance of the connection inside and outside the...
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Numerical Study on Seismic Response of a High-Rise RC Irregular Residential Building Considering Soil-Structure Interaction
PublikacjaThe objective of the present study is to investigate the importance of soilstructure interaction effects on the seismic response of a high-rise irregular reinforced-concrete residential building. In order to conduct this research, a detailed three-dimensional structure model was subjected to various earthquake excitations, also including a strong mining tremor. Soil-foundation flexibility was represented using the spring-based...
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Method of determining the degree of liquid aeration in a variable capacity displacement pump
PublikacjaThe Author concludes, that there is a possibility of determining a concrete value of the liquid aeration coefficient during the pump operation by finding such value of coefficient with which the increase of torque of mechanical losses is proportional to the indicated torque determined with a fixed value of increase of pressure in the pump working chambers. The fixed value of increase of pressure assumed in searching the liquid...
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Projektowanie budynków użyteczności publicznej narażonych na ataki terrorystyczne z wykorzystaniem systemu ochrony pasywnej
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono projektowanie systemów ochrony pasywnej w budynkach użyteczności publicznej, które mogą posłużyć jako przykład i stanowić podstawę do dalszych założeń przy projektowaniu budynków narażonych na obciążenie wybuchem spowodowanym przez ataki terrorystyczne. W pracy przeprowadzono symulacje numeryczne na przykładzie ściany budynku użyteczności publicznej wykonanego w technologii żelbetowej. Obliczenia wykonano...
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Recommendations for Urban Freight Policy Development in Gdynia
PublikacjaThe purpose of this paper was to provide practical recommendations on how to develop Gdynia’s urban freight policy based on actual planning experience and characteristics of potential measures. Freight policy scheme was developed as a result of three interrelated factors: a) the general procedure of the urban freight planning, b) the city's current planning stage analysis and, c) characteristics of urban freight objectives and...
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Photogrammetric and total station's measurement of compressed column's model
PublikacjaModelling studies continue to play an important role. One of such study is stress determination in the reinforcement bars of reinforced columns and determine column's axis deformation. The article presents measurements results of control points located on the model of reinforced concrete column. The column was compressed in few series till it's destruction. In this studies, photogrammetric method and total station measurements...
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A Survey of Fast-Recovery Mechanisms in Packet-Switched Networks
PublikacjaIn order to meet their stringent dependability requirements, most modern packet-switched communication networks support fast-recovery mechanisms in the data plane. While reactions to failures in the data plane can be significantly faster compared to control plane mechanisms, implementing fast recovery in the data plane is challenging, and has recently received much attention in the literature. This survey presents a systematic,...
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Optimized Computational Intelligence Model for Estimating the Flexural Behavior of Composite Shear Walls
PublikacjaThis article presents a novel approach to estimate the flexural capacity of reinforced concrete-filled composite plate shear walls using an optimized computational intelligence model. The proposed model was developed and validated based on 47 laboratory data points and the Transit Search (TS) optimization algorithm. Using 80% of the experimental dataset, the optimized model was selected by determining the unknown coefficients of...
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Direct design of Controlled Modulus Columns (CMC) based on in-situ testing
PublikacjaIn this paper, the serviceability limit state and bearing capacity of tension screw displacement piles were analyzed using the results of static pile load tests, carried out on the test plot near the Elbląg city, and field, and laboratory tests. The paper presents the methodology of determining the pile load-settlement curve using different types of t-z transfer functions. The new method of constructing the pile load-settlement...
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Crack Resistance of Asphalt Concrete Subjected to Environmental Factors
PublikacjaThe paper presents an analysis of the influence of environmental factors on the cracking susceptibility of asphalt concrete resulting in a change in the durability of asphalt pavement. In order to assess the phenomenon, laboratory tests were carried out taking into account the destructive effects of moisture, freeze-thaw cycle and long-term ageing. The influence of both factors occurring simultaneously was also verified. Due to...
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A HISTORICAL BUILDING'S RESTORATION IN THE CONSTRUCTIONAL ASPECT ON THE EXAMPLE OF A BUILDING LOCATED IN POLAND
PublikacjaObjects of cultural heritage are an extremely important element in the proper functioning of the social life. They provide information on our ancestors' actions, as well as shape our culture and social awareness. It is important for the historical objects to provide those information accurately, that is without any unnecessary human intervention over the years of the monument's existence. However, it is not always possible due...
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Characterization of corrosion in reinforced concrete beams using destructive and non-destructive tests
PublikacjaThe paper presents both non-destructive and destructive experimental tests on steel-reinforced concrete beams subjected to electrochemical corrosion. To examine the condition and behavior of the specimens, destructive tests were carried out, i.e., a three-point bending together with a modulated ultrasonic wave test. In addition, a series of non-destructive experiments were conducted, such as the potential measurement method, low-frequency...
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Wave Method for Structural Health Monitoring: Testing Using Full-Scale Shake Table Experiment Data
PublikacjaAn algorithm of the wave method for structural health monitoring (SHM) is tested and calibrated using shake table experiment data of a full-scale, seven-story, reinforced-concrete building slice. The method is based on monitoring changes in the velocity of waves propagating vertically through the structure, identified by least-squares (LSQ) fit of beam models. The experiment was conducted by a team from the University of California,...
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Experimental investigation of Steel–Concrete–Polymer composite barrier for the ship internal tank construction
PublikacjaTransportation of dangerous cargo by ships demands ensuring an appropriate protection level in case of an accident. Two of the most dangerous accident types resulting in an oil spill are grounding and ship to ship collision. The article presents results of research on a new composite construction for a ship hull that increases structural safety during collision. The concept of semi-elastic Steel–Concrete–Polymer structure is presented....
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The use of fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP) in bridges as a favourable solution for the environment
PublikacjaThe purpose of this article is to show the modern engineering, in which sustainability and taking care of ecology play a significant role. The authors are focused on FRP composite materials and their applications in civil engineering. Case studies showing renovation and design of new bridges with the use of FRP are presented and discussed to clarify benefits, which this solution provides. Main advantages of FRP materials in comparison...
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Fatigue Performance of Double-Layered Asphalt Concrete Beams Reinforced with New Type of Geocomposites
PublikacjaThe reinforcement of asphalt layers with geosynthetics has been used for several decades, but proper evaluation of the influence of these materials on pavement fatigue life is still a challenging task. The presented study investigates a novel approach to the reinforcement of asphalt layers using a new type of geogrid composite, in which square or hexagonal polypropylene stiff monolithic paving grid with integral junctions is bonded...