Search
Search results for: CORROSION RATE
-
A methodology for ultimate strength assessment of ship hull girder accounting for enhanced corrosion degradation modelling
PublicationThe presented work shows a methodology for the ultimate strength assessment of a ship hull, considering enhanced corrosion modelling. The approach is based on the classical Smith method. However, the recent findings regarding the impact of corrosion degradation on ultimate strength are incorporated. To this end, the stress–strain relationships for particular elements composing ship hull cross-section are modified using a specially...
-
Ultimate compressive strength assessment of uncleaned and cleaned corroded plates with locked crack
PublicationThe work presented here investigates the structural response of cleaned corroded plates, subjected to compressive load in the presence of a locked crack, where the change of mechanical properties as a result of corrosion development and the cleaning process is also accounted for. A Finite Element model for assessing the compressive strength, considering geometric and material nonlinearities, is developed, and the analysed plates...
-
The protective properties of graphene oxide coatings functionalized with phosphorus atoms.
PublicationRecently, electrophoretically deposited graphene oxide coatings are commonly applied as an anti-corrosion layer. However, improper adjustment of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) parameters as well as the hydrophilic nature of graphene oxide contribute to the formation of defects in the coatings and the increase in the wetting properties, respectively, and thus lead to a reduction of protective properties. The growth of wetting...
-
Electrochemical investigations on the corrosion behaviour of reinforcing steel in diatomite- and zeolite-containing concrete exposed to sulphuric acid
PublicationCorrosion is a major concern for most structural applications. Its detrimental effect significantly reduces the life of metallic components. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation of corrosion in the steel reinforcement of concrete samples having three different substituents: 20% diatomite, 20% zeolite, and a reference without zeolite or diatomite. All concrete specimens were subjected to a solution of...
-
Electrochemical Evaluation of Sustainable Corrosion Inhibitors via Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
PublicationFinding suitable measurement methods for the effective management of electrochemical problems is of paramount importance, particularly for improving efficiency in corrosion protection. The need for accurate measurement techniques specific to nonstationary conditions has long been recognized, and promising approaches have emerged. This chapter introduces dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as a novel advancement in electrochemistry...
-
SEM micrographs of the topography of Cu-Sn-TiO2 nanocomposite coatings
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs of nanocomposite Cu-Sn-TiO2 coatings electrodeposited from oxalic acid bath containing Cu and Sn salts as well as TiO2 nanoparticles under various treatments: mechanical stirring, ultrasonic or none. The details of the electrodeposition process are presented in the readme file attached...
-
Multicomponent layers for aluminium alloys surface consolidation
PublicationThe main reason of the surface modification of the components such as pistons and cylinder blocks made of cast aluminium alloys is to obtain high hardness, wear and corrosion resistance of the working surface for larger lifetime of the motor-car and aircraft engines. In that aspect, the new conception of development - by hybrid method - of surface layers containing manganese, nitrogen, sulphur (Mn-N-S) and manganese, nitrogen,...
-
Application of Galvanostatic Non-Linear Impedance Spectroscopy to the Analysis of Metallic Material Degradation
PublicationThis study presents a novel application of Non-Linear Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (NLEIS) in galvanostatic mode for the rapid, non-destructive assessment of metal degradation. By using galvanostatic mode instead of traditional potentiostatic methods, polarization-related challenges are mitigated, enabling more accurate and reliable analysis. The technique allows for the determination of corrosion rates (corrosion current)...
-
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Carboxylic Acids as Corrosion Inhibitors of Aluminium Alloys
PublicationThe datasets, titled X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy studies of citric acid adsorption on aluminium alloy 5754 in alkaline media and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy studies of various carboxylic acids adsorption on aluminium alloys in alkaline media, contain XPS studies of the corrosion inhibitory action of selected dicarboxylic acids towards commercially available aluminium alloy 5754 in alkaline media at pH=11. These datasets...
-
Effects of solution composition and electrophoretic deposition voltage on various properties of nanohydroxyapatite coatings on the Ti13Zr13Nb alloy
PublicationThe purpose of the research was to establish the influence of the solution composition and the electrophoretic deposition voltage on the coating homogeneity and thickness, nanohardness, adhesion, corrosion resistance and wettability. The Ti13Zr13Nb alloy was coated by the electrophoretic technique with hydroxyapatite in a solution containing 0.1, 0.2 or 0.5 g nanoHAp in 100 mL of suspension and at voltage 15, 30 or 50 V. The scanning...
-
Mechanical characteristics of welded joints between different stainless steels grades
Publicationnvestigation of mechanical characteristics of welded joints is one of the most important tasks that allow determining their functional properties. Due to the very high, still rising, cost of some stainless steels it is justified, on economic grounds, welding austenitic stainless steel with steels that are corrosion-resistant like duplex ones. According to forecasts the price of...
-
The AFM micrographs and impedance study of epoxy coatings after exposure in corrosive media
Open Research DataThe dataset contains Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) images and local impedance measurements of epoxy organic coating used as anti-corrosion protection, before and after 2-month exposure to sodium chloride solution. Additionally, there two local impedance spectra recorded after the coating exposure. The first one was recorded on intact coating surface,...
-
Failure of austenitic stainless steel tubes during steam generator operation
PublicationThe article presents the failure process of austenitic stainless steels used in power devices, such as heat exchangers, steam generators, in terms of local corrosion: pitting, stress and intergranular corrosion, paying particular attention to welded joints area. The effect of steel chemical composition, microstructure, welding process and work environment was analyzed. The second part of the article presents the results of the...
-
Catalytic impact of alloyed Al on the corrosion behavior of Co50Ni23Ga26Al1.0 magnetic shape memory alloy and catalysis applications for efficient electrochemical H2 generation
PublicationThe electrochemical and corrosion behaviour of Co50Ni23Ga27-xAlx (x = 0 and 1.0 wt%) magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) was studied in 0.5 M NaCl solutions using various electrochemical techniques. Results showed remarkable activation of the tested MSMA toward pitting corrosion upon alloying it with Al. XPS examination confirmed the activation influence of alloyed Al. It proved that the presence of Al in the alloy's matrix weakens...
-
Electrophoretic deposition and characterization of composite chitosan/Eudragit E 100 or poly(4-vinylpyridine)/mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles coatings on pre-treated titanium for implant applications
PublicationTitanium implants are surface-modified to achieve bioactivity and often antibacterial properties. Such surface coatings may increase corrosion degradation and be weakly attached to the substrate. In the present research, biodegradable composite coatings, investigated so far as smart environment-sensitive, slowly releasing silver to the implant neighborhood, were produced as a combination of chitosan (CS) with Eudragit E 100 (EE100)...
-
Corrosion of evaporator tubes in low emission steam boilers
PublicationPurpose of this paper is to reveal the mechanisms of corrosion processes of outer surfaces of low-emission steam boiler evaporator tubes. Examinations were performed to find the reasons of different corrosion susceptibility of tubes situated at combustion chamber on various levels. Examinations were conducted on several segments of 57 x 5.0 mm evaporator tubes made of 16M (16Mo3) steel grade. Segments were taken from level of...
-
Electrolytic deposition of reactive element thin films on Crofer 22 APU and evaluation of the resulting high-temperature corrosion protection properties at 700 °C–900 °C
PublicationThis article presents electrolytic deposition of thin Rare Earth (RE) coatings on Crofer 22 APU stainless steel substrates for high temperature applications, such as interconnects in solid oxide cell stacks. The deposition of coatings based on yttrium-, gadolinium-, lanthanum-, and cerium nitrates is discussed. The high temperature corrosion properties of surface-modified steels were examined using thermogravimetry and electrical...
-
Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminium Alloy AA6063-T5 by Vanadates: Local Surface Chemical Events Elucidated by Confocal Raman Micro-Spectroscopy
PublicationChemical interactions between aqueous vanadium species and aluminium alloy AA6063-T5 were investigated in vanadate-containing NaCl solutions. Confocal Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy experiments were utilised to gain insight into the mechanism of corrosion inhibition by vanadates. A greenish-grey coloured surface layer, consisting of V+4 and V+5 polymerized species, was seen to form on the alloy surface, especially on...
-
Straightening of ship hull structure made of 316L stainless steel - tensile test of water cooled materia
Open Research DataThe AISI 316L type steel belongs to the group of chromium-nickel stainless steels. They are determined according to European standards as X2CrNiMo17-12-2 and belong to the group of austenitic stainless steels. Steels of this group are used for elements working in seawater environments, for installations in the chemical, paper, and food, industries,...
-
Straightening of ship hull structure made of 316L stainless steel - tensile test of reference material materia (transverse direction)
Open Research DataThe AISI 316L type steel belongs to the group of chromium-nickel stainless steels. They are determined according to European standards as X2CrNiMo17-12-2 and belong to the group of austenitic stainless steels. Steels of this group are used for elements working in seawater environments, for installations in the chemical, paper, and food, industries,...
-
Straightening of ship hull structure made of 316L stainless steel - tensile test of reference material materia (longitudinal direction)
Open Research DataThe AISI 316L type steel belongs to the group of chromium-nickel stainless steels. They are determined according to European standards as X2CrNiMo17-12-2 and belong to the group of austenitic stainless steels. Steels of this group are used for elements working in seawater environments, for installations in the chemical, paper, and food, industries,...
-
Straightening of ship hull structure made of 316L stainless steel - microstructure of naturally colled material
Open Research DataThe AISI 316L type steel belongs to the group of chromium-nickel stainless steels. They are determined according to European standards as X2CrNiMo17-12-2 and belong to the group of austenitic stainless steels. Steels of this group are used for elements working in seawater environments, for installations in the chemical, paper, and food, industries,...
-
Straightening of ship hull structure made of 316L stainless steel - microstructure of water cooled material
Open Research DataThe AISI 316L type steel belongs to the group of chromium-nickel stainless steels. They are determined according to European standards as X2CrNiMo17-12-2 and belong to the group of austenitic stainless steels. Steels of this group are used for elements working in seawater environments, for installations in the chemical, paper, and food, industries,...
-
Straightening of ship hull structure made of 316L stainless steel - microstructure of reference material
Open Research DataThe AISI 316L type steel belongs to the group of chromium-nickel stainless steels. They are determined according to European standards as X2CrNiMo17-12-2 and belong to the group of austenitic stainless steels. Steels of this group are used for elements working in seawater environments, for installations in the chemical, paper, and food, industries,...
-
Straightening of ship hull structure made of 316L stainless steel - tensile test of naturally cooled material
Open Research DataThe AISI 316L type steel belongs to the group of chromium-nickel stainless steels. They are determined according to European standards as X2CrNiMo17-12-2 and belong to the group of austenitic stainless steels. Steels of this group are used for elements working in seawater environments, for installations in the chemical, paper, and food, industries,...
-
CORROSION TESTING OF SAMPLES ACCORDING TO ASTM G36
PublicationAt the end of the study, samples were found to have structures characteristic for intercrystalline corrosion. This indicates that the samples provided (fragments of the whole) were sensitized before starting the study in boiling MgCl2.On cross sections, fine cracks are observed on all samples tested.
-
A framework to analyse the probability of accidental hull girder failure considering advanced corrosion degradation for risk-based ship design
PublicationShip’s hull girder failure could result from maritime accident that can cause human life loss, environmental disaster, and major economic impacts. In risk-based ship design paradigm, accounting for rare phenomena (e.g. ship-ship collision or grounding) is important to provide safe and durable structure. In-service corrosion-induced hull degradation should be considered at the design stage, as it can significantly affect structural...
-
Preparation and properties of composite coatings, based on carbon nanotubes, for medical applications
PublicationThe coatings based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are increasingly developed for their applications, among others, in medicine, in particular for implants in implantology, cardiology, and neurology. The present review paper aims at a detailed demonstration of diferent preparation methods for such coatings, their performance, and relationships between deposition parameters and microstructure and material, mechanical, physical, chemical,...
-
Underwater Electrochemical Offshore Tests of a Paint Coating Applied in Water on the Legs of an Oil Production Platform
PublicationThis paper presents the methodology developed for underwater measurements using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique, aimed at determining the resistance of an epoxy coating applied in seawater to the legs of an oil production platform. Performing such underwater tests in an offshore environment was technically challenging. The results of measurements obtained on the platform were confronted with comparative results...
-
Properties of nano-Fe3O4 incorporated epoxy coatings from Cure Index perspective
PublicationThe mission of an advanced epoxy-based nanocomposite coating is to provide a given substrate with protection against an unwelcome guest; e.g. corrosive molecules/media, environmental stress, flame, thermal degradation or microorganisms. In such systems, the degree to which superior properties can be guaranteed depends on the state of network formation in the epoxy in the presence of nanoparticles. For low-filled epoxy nanocomposite coatings,...
-
The effect of cobalt addition on the corrosion behavior of near equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy in normal saline solution, impedance and microscopic studies
Open Research DataThe electrochemical and corrosion (uniform and localized) behavior of a binary Ni52Ti48 shape memory alloy (SMA) and two ternary Ni52Ti48-xCox (x = 1.5 and 4.0 wt.%) SMAs were studied. Measurements were conducted in 0.9% NaCl solution at 37 oC. This dataset contains the results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies done on daily basis...
-
SEM micrographs of cavitation erosion-corrosion of aluminium alloy 2024 with anodic polarization
Open Research DataThe dataset contains Scanning Electron Micrographs of aluminium alloy 2024 samples made after cavitation erosion-corrosion exposure using a vibratory transducer (in accordance with ASTM G32). The experiment duration was 240 min, with cyclic cavitation exposure in on/off cycles 30s:30s. The electrolyte was 0.1 M KNO3 solution. Some samples were anodically...
-
Strontium-based nanosized phosphates as anticorrosive fi llers of epoxy and polyurethane coating compositions
PublicationAnticorrosive epoxy and polyurethane coatings were compounded using zinc-free nanosized phosphates of strontium (SP) or strontium and aluminum (SAP). For comparison, a nanosized calcium aluminum ammonium phosphate (CAP) and a microsized zinc phosphate (ZP) were tested. Results of salts spray and cyclic corrosion tests revealed better anticorrosive properties of the SAP-based coatings...
-
Development of Microstructured Carbon Coatings by Substrate-Catalytic CVD
PublicationCarbon nanostructured films were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on H18 stainless steel (AISI 440C) sheets with an H2/CH4/N2 gas mixture at various substrate temperatures. During the synthesis, the iron and chromium oxide layer was formed between the steel and carbonaceous layer. The carbon films exhibited wall-like and spherical morphologies and structures, as characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman...
-
Production and Properties of the Porous Layer Obtained by the Electrochemical Method on the Surface of Austenitic Steel
Publication: The growing demand for implants has seen increasing interest in the introduction of new technologies and surface modification methods of metal biomaterials. This research aimed to produce and characterize a porous layer grown on austenitic stainless steel 316L, obtained via the anodization process near the micro-arc oxidation, i.e., low voltage micro-arc oxidation (LVMAO). The discussed layer significantly influences the properties...
-
Electrophoretic co-deposition of Mn1.5Co1.5O4, Fe2O3 and CuO: Unravelling the effect of simultaneous addition of Cu and Fe on the microstructural, thermo-mechanical and corrosion properties of in-situ modified spinel coatings for solid oxide cell interconnects
PublicationA systematic microstructural, thermo-mechanical and electrical characterization of simultaneous Fe–Cu doped Mn–Co spinel coatings processed by electrophoretic co-deposition on Crofer 22 APU is here reported and discussed. An innovative approach for the simultaneous electrophoretic deposition of three spinel precursors is designed, conceived and optimised, with the aim of outlining time- and energy-saving spinel modification routes....
-
Numerical assessment of ultimate strength of severe corroded stiffened plates
PublicationThe objective of this work is to investigate numerically (using the non-linear FEM and the approach stipulated by the Common Structural Rules) the severe nonuniform corrosion degradation effect on the ultimate strength of stiffened plates and compare the results to the already published experimental works. Different factors governing structural behavior of corroded stiffened plates are investigated, such as corrosion degradation level,...
-
Time evolution of Electrochemical Impedance spectra of cathodically protected steel in artificial seawater
PublicationUsability of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy data for better cathodic protection control was investigated. Carbon steel – S235JR2 grade specimen were exposed in artificial seawater environment. Samples were polarized and their potentials corresponded to four different cathodic protection degrees. Time evolution of Electrochemical Impedance spectra was investigated. Goodness of fit function (X2) was analysed in terms of proper...
-
Manganese Phosphatizing Coatings: The Effects of Preparation Conditions on Surface Properties
PublicationManganese phosphate coating could be used to protect the surface of steel products. However, it is essential to determine the effects which process parameters, as well as the types of additives used, have on the efficiency of coating deposition. Thus, we present here a process of phosphatization of low-alloy steel (for 15 min at 95 ◦C) in manganese/nickel baths followed by a passivation process with the use of a silicon and zircon...
-
Heat tint colours on stainless steel and welded joints
PublicationSurface layer condition of stainless steels and welded joints influences strongly their corrosion resistance. This problem seems to be underestimated. This current study explains the phenomenon of heat tint forming on welds, the methods of its removal, inspection procedures after heat tint removing and post weld finishing
-
The AFM micrographs of austenitic stainless steel subjected to sensitization for intergranular corrosion
Open Research DataThe dataset contains atomic force microscopy (AFM) maps of topographic images of austenitic steel samples subjected to sensitization to the process of intergranular corrosion. Precipitations of carbides as well as other intermetallic phases can be observed and detected before the fragments of structures sensitized by improper thermal treatment are exposed...
-
Corrosion Resistance and Surface Bioactivity of Ti6Al4V Alloy after Finish Turning under Ecological Cutting Conditions
PublicationThe influence of cooling conditions and surface topography after finish turning of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy on corrosion resistance and surface bioactivity was analyzed. The samples were machined under dry and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) conditions to obtain different surface roughness. The surface topographies of the processed samples were assessed and measured using an optical profilometer. The produced samples were subjected...
-
Influence of the Tool Rotational Speed on Physical and Chemical Properties of Dissimilar Friction-Stir-Welded AA5083/AA6060 Joints
PublicationAluminum alloys have been successfully used in the railroad and automotive industries because of their potential to significantly reduce component weights, and their good mechanical and anti-corrosion properties. Problems with joining aluminum alloys are characterized by low weldability, which influences the need for studies focused on unconventional methods. The environmentally friendly and low-cost friction-stir-welding method...
-
FRP-based reinforcement coatings of steel with application prospects in ships and offshore structures: a review
PublicationLatest research on novel FRP-based anti-corrosion structural coatings (for enhancing structural capacity and strengthening the coating layer) is discussed with application prospects for ships and offshore structures. In the marine environment, structures constantly face corrosion and fatigue cracks. Combining this with high operational and wave loads, it might cause a structural collapse. Recently, polymer composites have been...
-
Influence of Two-Stage Anodization on Properties of the Oxide Coatings on the Ti–13Nb–13Zr Alloy
PublicationThe increasing demand for titanium and its alloys used for implants results in need of such innovative surface treatment that may jointly increase corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, and demonstrate antibacterial protection at no cytotoxicity. The purpose of this research was to characterize the effect of two-stage anodization, performed for 30 min in phosphoric acid, at the presence of hydrofluoric acid in the second stage....
-
CFFT columns in road through railroad crossings
PublicationThere were 12801 road through railroad one-level crossings in Poland in 2018. 215 accidents happened at them in 2018. In order to increase safety in rail and road traffic two-level crossings should be used. They are definitely safer and make the traffic more smooth. In the design and construction of two-level intersections of railway and road or path columns of circular cross-section are often used. They can be successfully replaced...
-
Corrosion behavior of hydrogen charged super duplex stainless steel welded joints
PublicationThe electrochemical behavior of the weld metal, heat-affected zone (HAZ), and base material of super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) welded joints, made with the application of flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) and submerged arc welding (SAW), were investigated with the use of metallographic examinations (optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy), potentiodynamic polarization measurements and total hydrogen content determination...
-
Titanium Scaffolds – Hopes and Limitations
PublicationThe state-of-art on titanium scaffolds is briefly reviewed. The real hopes from medicine associated with scaffolds are indicated. The limitations of different scaffolds associated with their mechanical, chemical and biological properties are discussed. The great importance of titanium scaffolds is demonstrated as the materials of high biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, fair mechanical properties and important biological...
-
The XPS studies revealing the surface chemistry of Cu-Sn-TiO2 nanocomposite coatings
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) data of nanocomposite Cu-Sn-TiO2 coatings electrodeposited from oxalic acid bath containing Cu and Sn salts as well as TiO2 nanoparticles under various treatments: mechanical stirring, ultrasonic or none. The details of the electrodeposition process are presented in the descriptor file...
-
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy studies of citric acid adsorption on aluminium alloy 5754 in alkaline media
Open Research DataThis dataset contains the results of high-resolution XPS obtained during evaluation of high corrosion inhibition efficiency of citric acid towards aluminium alloy 5754 in bicarbonate buffer pH=11. The exposition duration of samples to electrolytic environment was 100 min. Each sample was exposed at different citric acid concentration ranging from 0...