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Search results for: molecular motors
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Multi-GPU-powered UNRES package for physics-based coarse-grained simulations of structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics of protein systems at biological size- and timescales
PublicationCoarse-grained models are nowadays extensively used in biomolecular simulations owing to the tremendous extension of size- and time-scale of simulations. The physics-based UNRES (UNited RESidue) model of proteins developed in our laboratory has only two interaction sites per amino-acid residue (united peptide groups and united side chains) and implicit solvent. However, owing to rigorous physics-based derivation, which enabled...
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A review of recent advances in the single- and multi-degree-of-freedom ultrasonic piezoelectric motors
PublicationIn this paper a comprehensive review of recent studies on the ultrasonic piezoelectric motors is presented. The analytical, numerical and experimental analysis. In further sections, classification methods of piezoelectric motors, survey criteria and three main groups of ultrasonic piezoelectric motors with examples have been presented and described. Finally, the conclusions and future research perspectives have been proposed.
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Nowe możliwości generowania zarysów satelitowych mechanizmów roboczych
PublicationPlanetary hydraulic gear motors have been well known since 70's . first motors were constructed for maritime industry by hydroster from gdansk. the evolution of this type of motors led to an increase of nominal pressure and durability. nowadays the industry needs reliable and efficient motor able to work with alternative hydraulic fluids like water, emulsion and vegetable oil. therefore a new type of motors are being developed...
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R&D of satellite pumps and motors with small geometrical displacement supplied with oil and non-flammable liquids
PublicationThe newest construction of satellite motors and self-suction satellite pumps with small geometrical displacement have been described in this article. The characteristics of volumetric and total efficiency of one satellite motor, selected from the series, supplied with oil have been presented. These characteristics have been compared with the orbital motors' characteristics. The remaining specifications of these motors were also...
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Power balance in hydraulic satellite motors supplied with oil and HFA-E emulsion
PublicationMineral oil and HFA-E emulsion are liquids which differ in viscosity, density and lubricant properties. Therefore, supplying hydraulic satellite motors with these liquids, differences between quantity of hydraulic, volumetric and mechanical losses are observed. These losses influence efficiency of conversion of hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and thereby power balance of motors.
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Driving a new perspective Professor Zygmunt Paszota, faculty of ocean engineering and ship technology, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland, explains a new approach to the Sankey Diagram for drive motors
PublicationThe paper presents the necessity of replacing the traditional, commonly accepted but erroneous, Sankey diagram of power decrease in the direction of power flow by the diagram, proposed by the Author, of power increase in the direction opposite to the direction of power flow. The proposed view of losses and energy efficiency should be applied to all types of drive motors and drive systems. The presented proposals open a new perspective...
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Analysis of the Heating Process of Hydraulic Motors during Start-Up in Thermal Shock Conditions
PublicationConditions that prevail during harsh winters and hot summers pose a serious challenge for machine designers building devices suitable for operation in extreme weather. It is essential for the designers and the users to define the principles and conditions for the safe operation of machines and devices with hydraulic drive in low ambient temperatures. Bearing in mind the above, the author tested the hydraulic motors in thermal shock...
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Simulation of the switched reluctance drive system
PublicationSwitched reluctance motors (SRM), unlike other types of motors, for their application require a control system and the supply from a power electronic converter. A method of modelling and mathematical model of an SRM in a switched reluctance drive (SRD) system is presented in the paper. Modelling is based on Lagrange's energy method. Coefficients of the Lagrange's equation have been calculated using the finite element method (FEM)....
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Evaluation of losses in a hydraulic motor based on the SWSB - 63 motor tests
PublicationIn this paper are compared two models of energy losses: that suggested by Prof. Paszota,Z. in monograph "Energy losses in the hydraulic displacement motors - definitions and relations serving the evaluation of the efficiency of hydrostatic drive" [18] and that ofProf. Balawender, A. in "Energy analysis and methodology of testing of low-speed hydraulic motors" [1]. By using the data obtained from the tests of SWSB-63 hydraulic motors...
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Protection System Design of Induction Motor for Industries
PublicationThe fundamental and durable structures of induction motor, as well as their low manufacturing cost, make them popular components in a wide range of current applications. Providing a safety net for employees is a must-have for businesses. This project’s motivation for improvement is to provide industrial motors, lift motors, pumps, and so on with safety. An induction motor’s primary goal is to protect it from problems, such as...
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A Comparative Study of Fuzzy SMC with Adaptive Fuzzy PID for Sensorless Speed Control of Six-Phase Induction Motor
PublicationMulti-phase motors have recently replaced three-phase induction motors in a variety of applications due to the numerous benefits they provide, and the absence of speed sensors promotes induction motors with variable speed drives. Sensorless speed control minimizes unnecessary speed encoder cost, reduces maintenance, and improves the motor drive’s reliability. The performance comparison of the fuzzy sliding mode controller (FSMC)...
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Protection System Design of Induction Motor for Industries
PublicationThe fundamental and durable structures of induction motor, as well as their low manufacturing cost, make them popular components in a wide range of current applications. Providing a safety net for employees is a must-have for businesses. This project’s motivation for improvement is to provide industrial motors, lift motors, pumps, and so on with safety. An induction motor’s primary goal is to protect it from problems, such as...
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A Comparative Study of Fuzzy SMC with Adaptive Fuzzy PID for Sensorless Speed Control of Six-Phase Induction Motor
PublicationMulti-phase motors have recently replaced three-phase induction motors in a variety of applications due to the numerous benefits they provide, and the absence of speed sensors promotes induction motors with variable speed drives. Sensorless speed control minimizes unnecessary speed encoder cost, reduces maintenance, and improves the motor drive’s reliability. The performance comparison of the fuzzy sliding mode controller (FSMC)...
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Evaluation of expanded uncertainty of instantaneous power measurement in a bearing diagnostic system.
PublicationThe paper presents the issues concerning the estimation of the expanded uncertainty in the system for the diagnosis of rolling bearings, consisting of transducers: voltage and current voltage, which is used for diagnostic bearing motors method based on the measurement and analysis of the instantaneous power signal consumed by the induction motor. It presents the methodology for assessing the measurement uncertainty and presents...
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Energy losses in hydrostatic drive:Drive investigation method compatible with diagram of power increase opposite to the direction of power flow
PublicationEnergy losses and efficiency of drive motor must be presented as functions of physical quantities independent of losses in the motor. Such quantities are speed and load required by the driven device, changing in the drive operating field. Speed and load decide of the useful power and, in differentiated way, of kinds and values of losses in the motor. But energy losses and efficiency of drive motors are evaluated as functions of...
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Design, modelling and analysis of a new type of piezoelectric motor. Multicell piezoelectric motor
PublicationThis paper describes a new type of piezoelectric motor. The results, obtained in the field of piezoelectric motors, have pointed out that these motors have potentially high possibilities in the future special applications. The research work presents the design, simulations and parameters of the piezoelectric motor with three rotation-mode actuators. The motor is characterized by a high power, relative high speed and torque. The...
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Parametrical 3D model of an asynchronous motor - AutoCAD application.
PublicationA computer program for automatic drawing of 3D models of squirrel-cage induction motors is presented in this paper. The created model of a machine is of parametrical nature, which means that the user defines geometry of particular elements (shaft, stator core, bearing, windings etc.) on the basis dimensions and some other parameters e.g. type of bearing, kind of winding, number of slots. This program is useful for 3D modelling...
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Induction motor bearings diagnostic indicators based on MCSA and normalized triple covariance
PublicationInduction motors are one of the most widely used electrical machines. Statistics of bearing failures of induction motors indicate, that they constitute more than 40% of induction motor damage. Therefore, bearing diagnosis is so important for trouble-free work of induction motors. The most common methods of bearing diagnosis are based on vibration signal analysis. The main disadvantage of those methods is the need for physical access...
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Losses and energy efficiency of drive motors and systems
PublicationLosses and energy efficiency of every drive motor must be presented as functions of physical quantities independent of losses in the motor. Such quantities are speed and load required by the machine or device driven by the motor, changing in the drive operating field. Speed and load of the motor decide of the instantaneous useful power of the motor and also in a differentiated way of kinds and values of losses occurring in the...
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Losses and energy efficiency of drive motors and systems
PublicationLosses and energy efficiency of every drive motor must be presented as functions of physical quantities independent of losses in the motor. Such quantities are speed and load required by the machine or device driven by the motor, changing in the drive operating field. Speed and load of the motor decide of the instantaneous useful power of the motor and also in a differentiated way of kinds and values of losses occurring in the...
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Analytical Modelling of the Multicell Piezoelectric Motor Based on Three Resonance Actuators
PublicationThis paper presents analytical model of the multicell piezoelectric motor. The results, obtained in the field of piezoelectric motors, have pointed out that these motors have potentially high possibilities in the future of special applications. The studied multicell piezoelectric motor have a stator using three rotating mode actuators. A theoretical analysis of operating principle of the rotating mode motor has been described....
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Diagnostics of commutation unit in satellite pumps and motors
PublicationThe article describes a part of the research on the development of satellite pumps and motors, conducted on Gdansk University of Technology as a part of grant "New elaborate of hydraulic satellite machines for drives with vegetable liquids and non-flammable liquids" (LIDER/35/102/L-2/10/NCBiR/2011) funded by the National Centre for Research and Development in Poland. The presented area includes the diagnostics of commutation units...
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Diagnostics of commutation unit in satellite pumps and motors
PublicationThe article describes a part of the research on the development of satellite pumps and motors, conducted on Gdansk University of Technology as a part of grant "New elaborate of hydraulic satellite machines for drives with vegetable liquids and non-flammable liquids" (LIDER/35/102/L-2/10/NCBiR/2011) funded by the National Centre for Research and Development in Poland. The presented area includes the diagnostics of commutation units...
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Augmented speed control scheme of dual induction motors with mutual flux angle control loop
PublicationThis paper proposes an augmented speed control scheme of dual induction motors fed by a five-leg voltage source inverter (VSI) with a common/shared-leg. An additional control loop is proposed here and based on the mutual flux angle – the difference between flux angular positions of the IMs. The main purpose of this research is to minimize the energy losses in the common inverter leg by controlling the mutual flux angle, at equal...
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Induction Motor Bearings Diagnostic Using MCSA and Normalized Tripple Covariance
PublicationDiagnosis of induction motors, conducted remotely by measuring and analyzing the supply current is attractive with the lack of access to the engine. So far there is no solution, based on analysis of current, the credibility of which allow use in industry. Statistics of IM bearing failures of induction motors indicate, that they constitute more than 40% of IM damage, therefore bearing diagnosis is so important. The article provides...
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Current based Normalized Triple Covariance as a bearings diagnostic feature in induction motor
PublicationDiagnosis of induction motors, conducted remotely by measuring and analyzing the supply current is attractive with the lack of access to the engine. So far there is no solution, based on analysis of current, the credibility of which allow use in industry. Statistics of IM bearing failures of induction motors indicate, that they constitute more than 40% of IM damage, therefore bearing diagnosis is so important. The article provides...
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Current-based higher-order spectral covariance as a bearing diagnostic feature for induction motors
PublicationConducting the diagnosis of induction motors remotely by analyzing the supply current is an attractive prospect with the lack of access to the engine. Currently, there is no solution, based on analysis of the current, the credibility of which would allow its use in industry. The statistics of bearing failures in induction motors indicate that they constitute more than 40% of induction motor damage, therefore, bearing diagnosis...
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Metodyka badań rozwojowych nowego typu silników i pomp satelitowych
PublicationResearch and development of new type satellite motors and satellite pumps SM with small geometrical displacement, from 5 to 73 cm3/rev, has been conducted in cooperation with Stosowanie Maszyn company from Katowice (manufacturer of motors and pump SM). The improvement of construction of those machines, especially construction of axial compensation and construction of fluid distribution channels have been the main problem of research...
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Particle Swarm Optimization Based Optimal Design of Six-Phase Induction Motor for Electric Propulsion of Submarines
PublicationRecent research reveals that multi-phase motors in electric propulsion systems are highly recommended due to their improved reliability and efficiency over traditional three phase motors. This research presented a comparison of optimal model design of a six phase squirrel cage induction motor (IM) for electric propulsion by using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). A six phase squirrel cage induction...
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Particle Swarm Optimization Based Optimal Design of Six-Phase Induction Motor for Electric Propulsion of Submarines
PublicationAbstract: Recent research reveals that multi-phase motors in electric propulsion systems are highly recommended due to their improved reliability and efficiency over traditional three phase motors. This research presented a comparison of optimal model design of a six phase squirrel cage induction motor (IM) for electric propulsion by using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). A six phase squirrel cage induction...
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MCSA with Normalized Triple Covariance as a bearings diagnostic indicator in an induction motor
PublicationStatistics of bearing failures in induction motors indicate, that they constitute more than 40% of IM damage, therefore bearing diagnosis is very important. Vibration methods for bearing diagnostics have one major disadvantage - they require the availability of the machine for sensors installation. This is the reason for seeking new methods based on motor supply current analysis. Diagnosis of induction motors, conducted remotely...
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Current Source Inverter Fed Drive
PublicationThis book covers three-phase and multiphase (more than three-phase) motor drives including their control and practical problems faced in the field (e.g., adding LC filters in the output of a feeding converter), are considered. The new edition contains links to Matlab®/Simulink models and PowerPoint slides ideal for teaching and understanding the material contained within the book. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A...
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Kompleksowa analiza symulacyjna układu napędowego zespołu trakcyjnego
PublicationThe paper describes an approach to comprehensive analysis of traction electric drive. The drivetrain of ED-74 electric unit equipped with four inverter-fed induction motors was modeled in Matlab/Simulink. The model consists of functional blocks as: motors, inverters, drive controllers, filters. Structure and operation of the model was described. Chosen simulation results were presented and discussed. Two methods of modeling the...
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Increasing the Utilization of dc-link Voltage of a Five-Leg VSI Based on Rotor Angle Control of Dual Induction Motors
PublicationThis paper introduces an increased utilization of the dc-link voltage of a five-leg voltage source inverter (VSI) based on the rotor flux angle control technique for dual induction motors, IM. The main purpose is to utilize additional abilities provided by a multi-motor drive system in limited operating conditions. Generally, a multi-motor drive system is widely used in electric vehicles (EVs), traction systems and in several industrial...
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Core loss resistance impact on sensorless speed control of an induction motor using hybrid adaptive sliding mode observer
PublicationInduction motors (IMs) experience power losses when a portion of the input power is converted to heat instead of driving the load. The combined effect of copper losses, core losses, and mechanical losses results in IM power losses. Unfortunately, the core losses in the motor, which have a considerable impact on its energy efficiency, are not taken into account by the generally employed dynamic model in the majority of the studies. Due...
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Motor bearing diagnostics performed by means of laser vibrometer
PublicationDamage of bearings is the most common cause of failures in squirrel-cage induction motors. That is why the issues connected with diagnostics of bearings are so important. The equipment employed for bearing diagnostics usually makes use of vibrations as the criterion for technical condition of the bearings. This paper presents exemplary results of the research conducted on bearings with artificially introduced damage. A scanning...
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Non-proportional full-order Luenberger observers of induction motors
PublicationThe paper recapitulates recently conducted investigations of non-proportional Luenberger observers, applied to reconstruction of state variables of induction motors. Three structures of non-proportional observers are analyzed, a proportional-integral observer, modified integral observer and observer with integrators. Criteria for gain selection of the observer are described, classical ones based on poles, as well as additional,...
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Modeling the impact of discretizing rotor angular position on computation of field-oriented current components in high speed electric drives
PublicationModern drives consist of alternating current electric motors, and the field-oriented control (FOC) of such motors enables fast, precise, and robust regulation of a drive's mechanical variables such as torque, speed, and position. The control algorithm, implemented in a microprocessor, requires feedback from motor currents, and the quality of this feedback is essential to a drive's control properties. Motor phase currents are sampled...
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Niekorzystny wpływ przekształtnikowego zasilania PWM na silniki asynchroniczne trakcyjne
PublicationThe electric traction drives with an AC motor fed by a frequency converter are used more and more often nowadays. The most significant side effects, of a converter's output voltage forming PWM method for AC motor windings, are steep voltage changes, which can initiate several destructive phenomena. The paper presents the adverse influence of a converter common mode voltage on the motor windings' increased voltage exposure and the...
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Destructive impact of PWM inverters on traction AC motors
PublicationThe electric traction drives with an AC motor fed by a frequency converter are used more and more often nowadays. The most significant side effects, of a converter's output voltage forming PWM method for AC motor windings, are steep voltage changes, which can initiate several destructive phenomena. The paper presents the adverse influence of a converter common mode voltage on the motor windings's increased voltage exposure and...
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Destructive Consequences of PWM Inverter Feeding for Traction AC Motors
PublicationThe electric traction drives with an AC motor fed by a frequency converter are used more and more often nowadays. The most significant side effects, of a converter's output voltage forming PWM method for AC motor windings, are steep voltage changes, which can initiate several destructive phenomena. The paper presents the adverse influence of a converter common mode voltage on the motor windings' increased voltage exposure and the...
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Numerical investigations of the engine cooling system in a small power vesel pod propulsion system
PublicationThe development of electronics and electrotechnology enabled to put electric motors of the alternating current in the pod and to use them for the main drive of ships. A lot of heat which must be picked up from the system is a problem which is turning up at applying the system of this type. Many big ships lately contended with these problems. Building the small propeller for the boat powered with solar power we decided to check...
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Hybrid piezoelectric motor based on electroactive lubrication principle
PublicationA novel conception of hybrid piezoelectric motor is presented in this paper. Proposed conception required synchronised work of quasi-static and resonant piezoelectric actuators that results in a rotary movement. The motor's working principle is explained and the main characteristics are described. Studied topology is compared to the existing piezoelectric motors with regards to its field of applications. The assembling process...
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Open-transistor fault diagnostics in voltage-source inverters by analyzing the load current
PublicationA novel method is presented for the detection andisolation of open-transistor faults in voltage-source invertersfeeding low-power AC motors. The method is based onmonitoring two diagnostic signals, one indicating sustained nearzerovalues of output current and thus permitting fault detection,the other permitting the isolation of the particular transistorwhich went faulty. The latter signal is the ratio of the averagephase current...
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Active Suppression of Nonstationary Narrowband Acoustic Disturbances
PublicationIn this chapter, a new approach to active narrowband noise control is presented. Narrowband acoustic noise may be generated, among others, by rotating parts of electro-mechanical devices, such as motors, turbines, compressors, or fans. Active noise control involves the generation of “antinoise”, i.e., the generation of a sound that has the same amplitude, but the opposite phase, as the unwanted noise, which causes them to interfere...
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Design and modeling of the piezoelectric motor based on three resonance actuators
PublicationThis paper describes a piezoelectric motor which combines advantages from two existing piezoelectric motors topologies. The research work presents the design, simulations and measurements of the piezoelectric motor with three rotation-mode actuators. The aim of the project was to obtain the high speed piezoelectric motor. Other advantages of this conception are blocking torque, short response times, the ability to work in a hostile...
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Experimental study of the multi-disc negative brake for a hydraulic motor
PublicationThis paper describes the methodology for experimental testing of a multi-disc brake. The construction of this brake was also present. The brake is dedicated to hydraulic motors with a small working volume. Experimental tests were carried out on a brake with plates immersed in oil and, for comparison, tests were carried out on a dry brake. As a result of the tests, the permissible torque (load) that is able to transfer the brake...
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New generation of the satellite hydraulic pumps
PublicationHydraulic satellite machines are known and produced in many versions, recognizable by the number of humps on their inner rotor and external gear, and therefore by the number of cooperating gears (satellites). All known shapes were however designed on the base of preliminary assumption that rotor’s and external gear’s pitch lines are formed by merging arcs, tangent to each other in the. This assumption makes calculations easier,...
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On power stream in motor or drive system
PublicationIn a motor or in a drive system the quantity of power increases in the direction opposite to the direction of power flow. Energy losses and energy efficiency of a motor or a drive system must be presented as functions of physical quantities independent of losses. Such quantities are speed and load. But the picture of power stream in a motor or in a drive system is presented in the literature in the form of traditional Sankey...
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Robust identification of quadrocopter model for control purposes
PublicationThe paper addresses a problem of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (so-called X4-flyer or quadrocopter) utility model identification for control design purposes. To that goal the quadrotor model is assumed to be composed of two abstracted subsystems, namely a rigid body (plant) and four motors equipped with blades (actuators). The model of the former is acquired based on a well-established dynamic equations of motion while the...