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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: TWO-DIMENSIONAL
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The Effect of the Selection of Three-Dimensional Random Numerical Soil Models on Strip Foundation Settlements
PublikacjaThis paper delivers a probabilistic attempt to prove that the selection of a random three-dimensional finite element (FE) model of a subsoil affects the computed settlements. Parametricanalysis of a random soil block is conducted, assuming a variable subsoil Young’s modulus inparticular finite elements. The modulus is represented by a random field or different-sized setsof random variables; in both cases, the same truncated...
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Evidence for SrHo2O4 and SrDy2O4 as model J1- J2 zigzag chain materials
PublikacjaNeutron diffraction and inelastic spectroscopy is used to characterize the magnetic Hamiltonian of SrHo2O4 and SrDy2O4. Through a detailed computation of the crystal-field levels we find site-dependent anisotropic single-ion magnetism in both materials, and diffraction measurements show the presence of strong one-dimensional spin correlations.Our measurements indicate that competing interactions of the zigzag chain, combinedwith...
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A New Three-Dimensional Space Vector Modulation for Multilevel Four-Leg Converters Based on the Shape Functions of Tetrahedral Element
PublikacjaThe paper proposes a new three-dimensional space vector pulse-width modulation (3D-SVPWM) algorithm for multilevel four-leg converters. The proposed PWM duty cycle calculation is based on the shape functions of the threedimensional tetrahedral finite elements. The algorithm ensures synthesis of accurate and undistorted output voltages even under significant imbalance or ripple in the DC-link voltages. At the same time, the algorithm...
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Low-Cost Surrogate Modeling of Miniaturized Microwave Components Using Nested Kriging
PublikacjaIn the paper, a recently reported nested kriging methodology is employed for modeling of miniaturized microwave components. The approach is based on identifying the parameter space region that contains high-quality designs, and, subsequently, rendering the surrogate in this subset. The results obtained for a miniaturized unequal-power-split rat-race coupler and a compact three-section impedance transformer demonstrate reliability...
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1D portable optical coherence tomography system
Publikacja—Imaging methods are an expanding branch of technology, which involves data acquisition and analysis of images for research and diagnostics. This paper has been devoted to the description of the optical design for a one-dimensional, portable optical coherence tomography (OCT) system. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer has been designed in the presented study. The description of the construction and applied hardware solutions have...
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Selective Laser Melting of Ti Alloy for Manufacturing The Prosthetic Elements
PublikacjaThe selective laser melting (SLM) is the additive manufacturing method of custom-designed parts. The used materials and the applications are various, including medicine. The titanium and its alloys are materials for which the dimensional quality, surface smoothness and no or extremely low porosity are difficult to reach. In this paper, the successful attempt to obtain by SLM the individually designed prosthetic bridges is described....
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FEM approach to estimate the behaviour of biocomposite metal-surface coating system
PublikacjaA three dimensional (3D) model of biocomposite metal-surface coating system, which is influenced byknown external forces, is proposed. This model consists of the metallic substrate (Ti6Al4V) and thehydroxyapatite (HA) coating. Using FEM (finite element method), strain-stress maps of model weregenerated for investigating relations between the extreme stress of HA coating and the magnitude ofexternal force and the thickness of the...
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Virtual reality tools in teaching the conservation and history of Polish architecture
PublikacjaVirtual reality and its impact on teaching conservation and architectural history is the subject of this article. During the COVID-19 crisis in 2020, the education of students of architecture was transferred by Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), Gdańsk, Poland, to distance learning. This method has provided academics an opportunity to examine the impact of virtual reality and remote education on architectural history and conservation....
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Investigation of the Aerodynamics of an Innovative Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of an experimental investigation and a three dimensional numerical analysis of the transient aerodynamic phenomena occurring in the innovative modification of classic Savonius wind turbine. An attempt to explain the increased efficiency of the innovative design a comparison with the traditional solution is undertaken. A vorticity measure based on the integral of the velocity gradient tensor second...
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Study of the influence of thermal factors on the welding process of polyethylene gas pipelines,
PublikacjaA one-dimensional calculation scheme is proposed with the help of which it is possible to determine and set the technological parameters with the accuracy to be realized in production conditions: the temperature of the heating element and the heating time, which allows maximum mechanization of the technological operations of polyethylene gas pipelines welding. The numerical value of the coefficient of temperature for polyethylene...
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Optimization of clamping stiffness during milling of high-dimensional structures with the use of techniques of experiment – aided virtual prototyping
PublikacjaThe subject of this paper is a method of searching for conditions of minimizing the vibration level of a tool-high dimensional flexible workpiece, at unchangeable technological parameters of the machining process. It depends on repeatable change of the values of the stiffness coefficients as soon as an optimal vibration state of the workpiece approaches. There are assessed the values of dominant ”peaks” in the frequency spectra...
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From a Point Cloud to a 3D Model - an Exercise for Users of AutoCAD and Revit
PublikacjaThe paper presents a proposal of the topic of an exercise for students of building faculties as part of classes on 3D modelling. The task consists in creating a three-dimensional model based on the measurement obtained with the Leica P30 laser scanner. Due to the maximum number of points in the cloud in the presented programs, the output files must be properly cleared and reduced. The point cloud was pre-processed in Cyclone software....
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OPTICAL STRAIN MEASUREMENT OF CONCRETE VERSUS MANUAL EXTENSOMETER MEASUREMENT BASED ON THE TEST RC DEEP BEAM IN A COMPLEX STATE OF STRESS
PublikacjaThe purpose of this study is to compare the strain measurement techniques of concrete in R-C element subjected to the monotonic load up to the failure. In the analysis manual extensometer methods of measurements and the optical system ARAMIS for non-contact three-dimensional measurements of deformation was used. The test sample was a cantilever deep beam loaded throughout the depth which was a part of the reinforced concrete deep...
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Discrete random variables in reliability calculations of a reticulated shell
PublikacjaImplementation of the Point Estimation Method (PEM) in the reliability analysis of a three-dimensional truss structure is presented in the paper. The influence of geometric and material random parameters on the truss load-carrying capacity was investigated. The analysis was performed for different combinations of basic variables. Symmetric and asymmetric cases of snow load were taken to assess the structural reliability. Sensitivity...
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Experimental and numerical investigations for GPR evaluation of reinforced concrete footbridge
PublikacjaThe GPR method has increasingly found application in non-destructive testing of reinforced concrete structures. This paper presents the new approach of modelling of the electromagnetic wave propagation for reinforced concrete structures with a complex system of the reinforcement. Simulations of the GPR field were performed on a three-dimensional model of a footbridge using the FDTD method. Numerical maps were compared with results...
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The Use of the Language of Mathematics as an Inspiration for Contemporary Architectural Design
PublikacjaThe purpose of the article is to present the evolution of the use of mathematical language as an inspiration for creating spatial, three-dimensional forms in art and architecture. The article focuses on the possibilities for art and architectural design ideas gained by contemporary mathematics, algorithms and computational parametric approach. The analysis of various examples represents the relationships between the composition...
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Asymptotic behaviour in the set of nonhomogeneous chains of stochastic operators
PublikacjaWe study different types of asymptotic behaviour in the set of (infinite dimensional) nonhomogeneous chains of stochastic operators acting on L1(μ) spaces. In order to examine its structure we consider different norm and strong operator topologies. To describe the nature of the set of nonhomogeneous chains of Markov operators with a particular limit behaviour we use the category theorem of Baire. We show that the geometric structure...
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Influence of stirrups in a concrete shell on strengthening reinforced concrete column
PublikacjaTwelve concrete columns, with a 150x150mm square section and three columns with a circular section (d=200mm), are tested to investigate the effect of strengthening by RC jacket. Based on a confined concrete model for axial static loading, an analytical methods, reported in the literature are proposed to predict the behavior of columns with RC jacket. The results support the conception that the effect of strengthening depends...
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Hybrid Reduced Model of Continuous System
PublikacjaThe paper introduces an alternative method of modelling and modal reduction of continuous systems. Presented method is a hybrid one. It combines the advantages of modal decomposition method and the rigid finite element method. In the proposed method continuous structure is divided into one-dimensional continuous elements. For each 1D element modal decomposition and reduction is applied. Interactions between substructures are...
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On thermal stability of topological qubit in Kitaev's 4D model
PublikacjaWe analyse stability of the four-dimensional Kitaev model-a candidate for scalable quantum memory - in finite temperature within the weak coupling Markovian limit. It is shown that, below a critical temperature, certain topological qubit observables X and Z possess relaxation times exponentially long in the size of the system. Their construction involves polynomial in system size algorithm which uses as an input the results of...
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Application of Survey Simulator for Museums
Publikacja“Virtual Museum” is currently a very popular form of presenting museums’ collections of artefacts as well as an approach to archaeological research [1], [2], [3]. The term “virtual” can be understood in many ways – from a simple collection of on-line photographs, through multidirectional viewable panorama pictures, to complete interactive models of the real world, including 3-dimensional (3D) geometry, physical properties and many...
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Approximate Quality Criteria for Difficult Multi-Objective Optimization Problems
PublikacjaThis paper introduces approximate analytic quality criteria useful in assessing the efficiency of evolutionary multi-objective optimization (EMO) procedures. We present a summary of extensive research into computing. In the performed comparative study we take into account the various approaches of the state-of-the-art, in order to objectively assess the EMO performance in highly dimensional spaces; where some executive criteria,...
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Approximate Quality Criteria for Difficult Multi-Objective Optimization Problems
PublikacjaThis paper introduces approximate analytic quality criteria useful in assessing the efficiency of evolutionary multi-objective optimization (EMO) procedures. We present a summary of extensive research into computing. In the performed comparative study we take into account the various approaches of the state-of-the-art, in order to objectively assess the EMO performance in highly dimensional spaces; where some executive criteria,...
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A three-dimensional periodic beam for vibroacoustic isolation purposes
PublikacjaThis paper presents results of investigations on a three-dimensional (3-D) isotropic periodic beam. The beam can represent a vibroacoustic isolator of optimised dynamic characteristics in the case of its longitudinal, flexural and torsional behaviour. The optimisation process concerned both the widths as well as the positions of particular frequency band gaps that are present in the frequency spectrum of the beam. Since the dynamic...
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Reducing the number of periodic points in the smooth homotopy class of a self-map of a simply-connected manifold with periodic sequence of Lefschetz numbers
PublikacjaLet f be a smooth self-map of an m-dimensional (m >3) closed connected and simply-connected manifold such that the sequence of the Lefschetz num- bers of its iterations is periodic. For a fixed natural r we wish to minimize, in the smooth homotopy class, the number of periodic points with periods less than or equal to r. The resulting number is given by a topological invariant J[f] which is defned in combinatorial terms and is...
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Investigation of the aerodynamics of an innovative verticalaxis wind turbine
PublikacjaThis paper presents a preliminary three dimensional analysis of the transient aerodynamic phenomena occurring in the innovative modification of classic Savonius wind turbine. An attempt to explain the increased efficiency of the innovative design in comparison with the traditional solution is undertaken. Several vorticity measures such as enstrophy, absolute helicity and the integral of the velocity gradient tensor second invariant...
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Standing Waves and Acoustic Heating (or Cooling) in Resonators Filled with Chemically Reacting Gas
PublikacjaStanding waves and acoustic heating in a one-dimensional resonator filled with chemically reacting gas, is the subject of investigation. The chemical reaction of A ! B type, which takes place in a gas, may be reversible or not. Governing equations for the sound and entropy mode which is generated in the field of sound are derived by use of a special mathematical method. Under some conditions, sound waves propagating in opposite...
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Modulacja 3D-SVPWM z kompensacją napięcia niezrównoważenia i balansowaniem napięć DC dla czterogałęziowego falownika 3L-NPC
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono realizację algorytmu modulacji napięcia 3D-SVPWM (ang. 3-Dimensional Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation) z kompensacją napięcia niezrównoważenia dla trójpoziomowego czterogałęziowego falownika 3L-NPC (ang. 3-Level Neutral-Point-diode-Clamped Converter). Do wyznaczania współczynników wypełnień w modulacji szerokości impulsów zastosowano liniowe funkcje kształtu czworościennego elementu skończonego z węzłami, których...
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Silica-templated three-dimensional graphene xerogels
PublikacjaMost porous carbons require the uniform pore size distribution therefore many approaches have been applied to template the carbon scaffolds and among them the use of silica particles is the easiest and the most effective. After discovering of graphene, the whole family of new carbon nanomaterials arose and one of the promising materials is graphene xerogel (GX) with a three-dimensional, highly porous structure. This monograph reviews...
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Approximate Criteria for the Evaluation of Truly Multi-Dimensional Optimization Problems
PublikacjaIn this paper we propose new improved approximate quality criteria useful in assessing the efficiency of evolutionary multi-objective optimization (EMO). In the performed comparative study we take into account the various EMO algorithms of the state-of-the-art, in order to objectively assess the EMO performance in highly dimensional spaces. It is well known that useful executive criteria, such as those based on the true Pareto...
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Analysis of Interspike-Intervals for the General Class of Integrate-and-Fire Models with Periodic Drive
PublikacjaWe study one-dimensional integrate-and-fire models of the general type x˙=F (t, x) and analyze properties of the firing map which iterations recover consecutive spike timings. We impose very week constraints for the regularity of the function F (t, x), e.g. often it suffices to assume that F is continuous. If additionally F is periodic in t, using mathematical study of the displacement sequence of an orientation preserving circle...
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Long-term Hindcast Simulation of Currents, Sea Level, Water Temperature and Salinity in the Baltic Sea
PublikacjaThis dataset contains the results of numerical modelling of currents, sea level, water temperature and salinity over a period of 50 years (1958–2007) in the Baltic Sea. A long-term hindcast simulation was performed using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model (PM3D) based on the Princeton Ocean Model (POM). The spatial resolution was 3 nautical miles, i.e. about 5.5 km. Currents, water temperature, and salinity were recorded...
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Expedited EM-driven multi-objective antenna design in highly-dimensional parameter spaces
PublikacjaA technique for low-cost multi-objective optimization of antennas in highly-dimensional parameter spaces is presented. The optimization procedure is expedited by exploiting fast surrogate models, including coarse-discretization EM antenna simulations and response surface approximations (RSA). The latter is utilized to yield an initial set of Pareto non-dominated designs which are further refined using response correction methods....
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EM-Driven Multi-Objective Optimization of Antenna Structures in Multi-Dimensional Design Spaces
PublikacjaFeasible multi-objective optimization of antenna structures is presented. An initial set of Pareto optimal solutions is found using a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) working with a fast surrogate antenna model obtained by kriging interpolation of coarse-discretization EM simulation data. To make the surrogate construction computationally feasible in multi-dimensional design space, the space subset containing non-dominated...
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Modulacja 3D-SVPWM dla przekształtników wielopoziomowych czterogałęziowych na bazie funkcji kształtu
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono realizację algorytmu modulacji napięcia 3D-SVPWM (ang. 3-Dimensional Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation) dla trójpoziomowego czterogałęziowego przekształtnika 3L-NPC (ang. 3-Level Neutral-Point-diode-Clamped Converter). Do wyznaczania współczynników wypełnień w modulacji szerokości impulsów zastosowano liniowe funkcje kształtu czworościennego elementu skończonego. Proponowany algorytm modulacji nie jest ograniczony...
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Minimization of the number of periodic points for smooth self-maps of simply-connected manifolds with periodic sequence of Lefschetz numbers
PublikacjaLet f be a smooth self-map of m-dimensional, m ≥ 4, smooth closed connected and simply-connected manifold, r a fixed natural number. For the class of maps with periodic sequence of Lefschetz numbers of iterations the authors introduced in [Graff G., Kaczkowska A., Reducing the number of periodic points in smooth homotopy class of self-maps of simply-connected manifolds with periodic sequence of Lefschetz numbers, Ann. Polon. Math....
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Weak Solutions within the Gradient-Incomplete Strain-Gradient Elasticity
PublikacjaIn this paper we consider existence and uniqueness of the three-dimensional static boundary-value problems in the framework of so-called gradient-incomplete strain-gradient elasticity. We call the strain-gradient elasticity model gradient-incomplete such model where the considered strain energy density depends on displacements and only on some specific partial derivatives of displacements of first- and second-order. Such models...
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Impact of high temperature drying process on beech wood containing tension wood
PublikacjaThe technology of high temperature drying has a great inuence on dimensional and selected physical changes in tension wood. Article is focused on the measurement properties such as moisture content, color changes and longitudinal warping. The quality of beech wood is determined based on structure and properties of wood, frequency of defects in wood material. The tension wood is considered as an important wood defect causing negative...
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Determinants of the surface quality, density and dimensional correctness in selective laser melting of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy
PublikacjaSelective laser melting is widely used for custom-designed elements. Successful manufacturing depends on laser treatment parameters and material features. This research aimed to determine the effects of laser power, scan time and hatch distance on surface quality, relative density and dimensional precision for cuboids made of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy. The influence of energy density, energy flux and pre-heating was seen to be decisive...
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Analysis of Ceramic Elements with Ring-Crack Defects in Lubricated Rolling Contact
PublikacjaThe properties of ceramics, specifically low density, high hardness, high temperature capability and low coefficient of thermal expansion are of most interest to rolling element manufacturers. Surface ring cracks on lubricating rolling contact fatigue failure has been studied using numerical fracture analysis. Such cracks are very often found on ceramic bearing balls and decrease fatigue life rapidly. The numerical calculations...
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Knowledge-Grid Modelling for Academic Purposes
PublikacjaNowadays, we face a huge amount of data and information sharing on the Web by different users worldwide. A multidimensional perspective in describing a university ontology seems to be very important for the modelling of higher education resources. This paper proposes a multi-dimensional knowledge model, designed to distribute and manage knowledge resources efficiently. We propose our model as the foundation of an advanced knowledge...
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Experiments on Preserving Pieces of Information in a Given Order in Holographic Reduced Representations and the Continuous Geometric Algebra Model
PublikacjaGeometric Analogues of Holographic Reduced Representations (GAc, which is the continuous version of the previously developed discrete GA model) employ role-filler binding based on geometric products.Atomic objects are real-valued vectors in n-dimensional Euclidean space and complex statements belong to a hierarchy of multivectors. The property of GAc and HRR studied here is the ability to store pieces of information in a given...
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A comparison of geometric analogues of holographic reduced representations, original holographic reduced representations and binary spatter codes
PublikacjaGeometric Analogues of Holographic Reduced Representations (GA HRR) employ role-filler binding based on geometric products. Atomic objects are real-valued vectors in n-dimensional Euclidean space and complex statements belong to a hierarchy of multivectors. The paper reports a battery of tests aimed at comparison of GA HRR with Holographic Reduced Representation (HRR) and Binary Spatter Codes (BSC). Firstly, we perform a test of...
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Numerical Modelling for Prediction of Compression Index from Soil Index Properties in Jimma town, Ethiopia
PublikacjaIn this study, correlations are developed to predict compression index (Cc) from index parameters so that one can be able to model Jimma soils with compression index using simple laboratory tests. Undisturbed and disturbed soil samples from twelve different locations in Jimma town were collected. Laboratory tests like specific gravity, grain size analysis, Atterberg limit, and one-dimensional consolidation test for a total of twenty-four...
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Module architecture as alternative approach to traditional construction processes
PublikacjaModule architecture today is a special type of building construction process that combines repetitive design, low-cost production based on prefabricated elements and fast erection. Module does not mean the same as modular. In general, module architecture today refers to the design of any system composed of separate components, manufactured before in factory, that can be connected together at the building site much faster than normally....
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Evolution of Animats Following a Moving Target in an Artificial Ecosystem
PublikacjaMany biological animals, even microscopically small, are able to track moving sources of food. In this paper, we investigate the emergence of such behavior in artificial animals (animats) in a 2-dimensional simulated liquid environment. These "predators" are controlled by evolving artificial gene regulatory networks encoded in linear genomes. The fate of the predators is determined only by their ability to gather food and reproduce—no...
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Ammonium <i>O</i>,<i>O</i>'-diethyl dithiophosphate
PublikacjaIn the title compound, NH4+·(C2H5O)2PS2−, the ammonium cation is connected by four charge-assisted N−H···S hydrogen bonds to four tetrahedral O,O'-diethyl dithiophosphate anions, forming layers parallel to (100). The polar and non-polar constituents of the layers are stacked alternately along [100]. Interlacing of the external ethyl groups...
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Experimental certification of an informationally complete quantum measurement in a device-independent protocol
PublikacjaMinimal informationally complete positive operator-valued measures (MIC-POVMs) are special kinds of measurement in quantum theory in which the statistics of their d2-outcomes are enough to reconstruct any d-dimensional quantum state. For this reason, MIC-POVMs are referred to as standard measurements for quantum information.Here, we report an experiment with entangled photon pairs that certifies, for what we believe is the first...
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The dimensions of national competitiveness: the empirical analysis based on The World Economic Forum’s data
PublikacjaThe aim of this research is to determine the minimum number of uncorrelated dimensions which can describe national competitiveness (NC). NC is thought of as the ability of a nation to provide a conducive environment for its firms to prosper. It is shown that the environment affects national productivity catalytically through the interactions with the production factors while itself remaining unchanged. Selected World Economic...
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Processing of Hydroacoustic and LiDAR Data for Three-dimensional Surface Reconstruction
PublikacjaThe technologies of sonar and laser scanning are commonly used for obtaining spatial information about underwater and over ground environments in the form of point clouds. Since this data model has known disadvantages, a more practical solution of visualising such data involves the creation of solid three-dimensional meshes composed of edges and facets. In this paper, several methods for 3D shape reconstruction of data obtained...