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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: BIOSORBENTS, CHLORINATED SOLVENTS, LOW-COST ADSORBENT, SORPTION
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Ground tire rubber functionalization as a promising approach for the production of sustainable adsorbents of environmental pollutants
PublikacjaWaste tires management and further utilization are currently one of the biggest concerns regarding the environment and human health protection. At present, shredding, grinding, or pulverization of waste tires are the most popular options for industrial recycling. Although many solutions for ground tire rubber (GTR) applications were checked and verified so far, their further implementation at an industrial scale is still very limited....
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Liquid–phase microextraction: A review of reviews
PublikacjaSample preparation is an important step in chemical analysis. It is generally done to deal with problems associated with the nature of the matrix, low analyte concentrations in real samples or analyte features incompatible with the instrumentation. Classical methods of extraction consume large volumes of hazardous solvents and other reagents and are not in line with the recent emergence of green analytical chemistry. Liquid-phase...
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Ekonomiczne aspekty strategii utrzymania torów kolejowych
PublikacjaW ostatnich lata coraz więcej uwagi poświęca się analizie kosztów cyklu życia (Life Cycle Cost - LCC) w zakresie planowania strategii utrzymania infrastruktury kolejowej. Większość prac ogranicza się jednak do kosztów bezpośrednich (planowanych), takich jak budowy, konserwacji, odnowienia i utylizacji. Takie podejście prowadzi do niedoszacowania kosztów wynikających z niskiej jakości geometrii toru. W artykule przedstawiona została...
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Supramolecular deep eutectic solvents and their applications
PublikacjaIn recent years, the growing awareness of the harmfulness of chemicals to the environment has resulted in the development of green and sustainable technologies. The compromise between economy and environmental requirements is based on the development of new efficient and green solutions. Supramolecular deep eutectic solvents (SUPRADESs), a new deep eutectic solvent (DES) subclass characterized by inclusion properties, are a fresh...
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Variable-fidelity response feature surrogates for accelerated statistical analysis and yield estimation of compact microwave components
PublikacjaAccounting for manufacturing tolerances is an essential part of a reliable microwave design process. Yet, quantification of geometry and/or material parameter uncertainties is challenging at the level of full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation models. This is due to inherently high cost of EM analysis and massive simulations necessary to conduct the statistical analysis. Here, a low-cost and accurate yield estimation procedure...
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Characterization of novel trehalose synthase from Deinococcus geothermalis.
PublikacjaThe method of trehalose extraction from yeast or othernatural sources is unsuitable for industrial production becauseof its low yield and high cost. Thus, the trehalose synthesizingenzyme systems that originated from a few microorganisms have been investigated.
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Evaluating the mobile robot positions using accelerometer data
PublikacjaThis paper analyzes the problem of determining the position of a robot using an accelerometer, which is an essential part of inertial measurement units (IMU). The information gained from such a gauge, however, requires double integration of sensor data. To assure an expected effect, a mathematical model of a low-cost accelerometer of the MEMS type is derived. Moreover, in order to improve the performance of positioning based on...
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Evaluating the position of a mobile robot using accelerometer data
PublikacjaThis paper analyses the problem of determining the position of a robot using an accelerometer, which is an essential part of inertial measurement units (IMU). The information gained from such a gauge, however, requires double integration of sensor data. To assure an expected effect, a mathematical model of a low-cost accelerometer of the MEMS type is derived. Moreover, in order to improve the performance of positioning based on...
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Towards azeotropic MeOH-MTBE separation using pervaporation chitosan-based deep eutectic solvent membranes
PublikacjaDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a new class of solvents that can offset some of the major drawbacks of common solvents and ionic liquids. When dealing with the preparation of dense membranes, the use of DESs is still challenging due to their low compatibility with the polymer phase. In this research, a novel L-proline:sulfolane (molar ratio 1:2) DES was synthesized and used for the preparation of more sustainable bio-based membranes...
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Application of industrial waste as a carbon source for biosurfactants production
PublikacjaBiosurfactants are natural surfactants produced by variety of microorganisms. They are very prospective product due to good biodegradability, low toxicity, good physicochemical properties and high efficiency in many applications. Moreover, they are efficient in wide range of pH, temperatures and salinity. However, the production of biosurfactants is very expensive due to high purification cost. This cost can be minimized by application...
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Sewage gardens - constructed wetlands for single family households
PublikacjaDuring the last 30 years the increase of interest in low-cost decentralized and small wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) is observed in Europe. For this purpose sand filters, stabilization ponds, mini reactors with activated sludge, trickling filters and treatment wetlands are used. Among the listed facilities treatment wetlands (TWs) offer effective and reliable treatment efficiency, being at the same time low-cost and simple...
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Surrogate-assisted EM-driven miniaturization of wideband microwave couplers by means of co-simulation low-fidelity models
PublikacjaThis article proposes a methodology for rapid design optimization of miniaturized wideband couplers. More specifically, a class of circuits is considered, in which conventional transmission lines are replaced by their abbreviated counterparts referred to as slow-wave compact cells. Our focus is on explicit reduction of the structure size as well as on reducing the CPU cost of the design process. For the sake of computational feasibility,...
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Fabrication of toughened plastic using styrene butadiene rubber-poly (methyl methacrylate) interpenetrating polymer networks
PublikacjaA standard set of interpenetrating polymeric networks (IPNs) has been contrived using an elastomerstyrene butadiene rubber and a thermoplastic poly (methyl methacrylate) through sequential polymerization protocol. This low-cost material can be hopefully engaged as a toughened plastic with cocontinuous morphology. Different morphological protocols including Raman imaging are effectively utilized to envisage the effect of blend ratio...
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On Decomposition-Based Surrogate-Assisted Optimization of Leaky Wave Antenna Input Characteristics for Beam Scanning Applications
PublikacjaRecent years have witnessed a growing interest in reconfigurable antenna systems. Travelling wave antennas (TWAs) and leaky wave antennas (LWAs) are representative examples of structures featuring a great level of flexibility (e.g., straightforward implementation of beam scanning), relatively simple geometrical structure, low profile, and low fabrication cost. Notwithstanding, the design process of TWAs/LWAs is a challenging endeavor...
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Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents as “green” extraction media for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous samples
PublikacjaThe paper presents novel nonionic and hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents which were synthesized from natural compounds, i.e., thymol, ±camphor, decanoic and 10-undecylenic acids. Fundamental physicochemical properties of the synthesized deep eutectic solvents were determined, followed by their application as extractants in ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction to isolate and enrich polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons...
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Rapid Microwave Design Optimization in Frequency Domain Using Adaptive Response Scaling
PublikacjaIn this paper, a novel methodology for cost-efficient microwave design optimization in the frequency domain is proposed. Our technique, referred to as adaptive response scaling (ARS), has been developed for constructing a fast replacement model (surrogate) of the high-fidelity electromagnetic-simulated model of the microwave structure under design using its equivalent circuit (low-fidelity model). The basic principle of ARS is...
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Solubility of dapsone in deep eutectic solvents: Experimental analysis, molecular insights and machine learning predictions
PublikacjaBackground. Dapsone (DAP) is an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial active pharmaceutical ingredient used to treat, e.g., AIDS-related diseases. However, low solubility is a feature hampering its efficient use. Objectives. First, deep eutectic solvents...
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Rapid design of miniaturised branch-line couplers through concurrent cell optimisation and surrogate-assisted fine-tuning
PublikacjaIn this study, the authors introduce a methodology for low-cost simulation-driven design optimisation of highly miniaturised branch-line couplers (BLCs). The first stage of their design approach exploits fast concurrent optimisation of geometrically dependent, but electromagnetically isolated cells that constitute a BLC. The cross-coupling effects between the cells are taken into account in the second stage, where a surrogate-assisted...
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A Concept and Design Optimization of Compact Planar UWB Monopole Antenna
PublikacjaA novel structure concept of a compact UWB monopole antenna is introduced together with a low-cost design optimization procedure. Reduced footprint is achieved by introduction of a protruded ground plane for current path increase and a matching transformer to ensure wideband impedance matching. All geometrical parameters of the structure are optimized simultaneously by means of surrogate based optimization involving variable-fidelity...
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Novel Low-Loss Substrates for 5G Applications
PublikacjaThis paper presents a feasibility study of a new type of microwave low-loss dielectric substrates for 5G network applications. The new substrate materials are composites of polypropylene and high-dielectric-constant micro-ceramics. This combination is expected to form a very low-loss dielectric material at low fabrication cost. Two substrate samples with different dielectric properties are fabricated and their characteristics at...
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Gas sampling system for matrix of semiconductor gas sensors
PublikacjaSemiconductor gas sensors are popular commercial sensors applied in numerous gas detection systems. They are reliable, small, rugged and inexpensive. However, there are a few problem limiting the wider use of such sensors. Semiconductor gas sensor usually exhibits a low selectivity, low repeatability, drift of response, strong temperature and moisture influence on sensor properties. Sample flow rate is one of the parameters that...
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Low-coherence method of hematocrit measurement
PublikacjaDuring the last thirty years low-coherence measurement methods have gained popularity because of their unique advantages. Low-coherence interferometry, low-coherence reflectometry and low-coherence optical tomography offer resolution and dynamic range of measurement at the range of classical optical techniques. Moreover, they enable measurements of the absolute value of the optical path differences, which is still an unsolved problem...
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How to make membrane distillation greener? A review on environmentally friendly and sustainable aspects
PublikacjaThere is an urgent need for the development of new water resources in order to solve the problem of the world’s growing demand for clean water. Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising alternative to conventional seawater desalination. Although MD itself is often defined as sustainable desalination technology, there are many aspects within the membrane manufacture and process operation that make it far from being green. For instance,...
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Microwave assisted liquefaction with crude glycerol as a potential method of brewer's spent grain utylization
PublikacjaBrewer's spent grain was applied as a low-cost industrial type of lignocellulose biomass in a liquefaction and solvent: biomass ratio on the efficiency of the process, chemical structure and basic properties of obtained prepared polyols and soil residues shed light on the biomass degradation mechanism through application of microwaves and further reaction of degradation products with solvent particles.
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Module architecture as alternative approach to traditional construction processes
PublikacjaModule architecture today is a special type of building construction process that combines repetitive design, low-cost production based on prefabricated elements and fast erection. Module does not mean the same as modular. In general, module architecture today refers to the design of any system composed of separate components, manufactured before in factory, that can be connected together at the building site much faster than normally....
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Near Field Coupled Wireless Microwave Sensor
PublikacjaThis paper presents a wireless planar microwave sensor operating at industrial scientific and medical (ISM) frequency for the detection of dielectric materials. The microwave sensor consists of a reader (ground defected microstrip coupled line) and a passive tag where a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) is made on the commercially available copper-foil. The CSRR is a peel-off type tag that is excited using the near field...
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Simulation-Driven Antenna Modeling by Means of Response Features and Confined Domains of Reduced Dimensionality
PublikacjaIn recent years, the employment of full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation tools has become imperative in the antenna design mainly for reliability reasons. While the CPU cost of a single simulation is rarely an issue, the computational overhead associated with EM-driven tasks that require massive EM analyses may become a serious bottleneck. A widely used approach to lessen this cost is the employment of surrogate models, especially...
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A universal NDT method for examination of low energy impact damage in CFRP with the use of TLC film
PublikacjaThe article presents an attempt to use a sheet of laminated thermochromic liquid crystal film (TLC film) for non-destructive testing of the impact damage (energy values: 1J, 2J, 3J and 4J) in carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP). This is a new, alternative NDT approach based on the thermo-optical effect. The main advantages of this method are a) the low cost of TLC film, b) the low cost of recording devices due to the usage of...
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The demand for skills and labour cost in partner countries. Evidence from the enlarged EU
PublikacjaWe analyse the consequences of trade integration in Europe (1995-2005) detecting how the labour costs in partner countries affect the domestic demand for high- and low-skilled labour in 'Old' (EU-15) and five 'New' EU member states. In general, independently of the skill level of workers, the results suggest complementarity between domestic and foreign labour. However, when we take into account the typology of sectors, the demand...
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Fast multi-objective design optimization of microwave and antenna structures using data-driven surrogates and domain segmentation
PublikacjaPurpose Strategies and algorithms for expedited design optimization of microwave and antenna structures in multi-objective setup are investigated. Design/methodology/approach Formulation of the multi-objective design problem oriented towards execution of the population-based metaheuristic algorithm within the segmented search space is investigated. Described algorithmic framework exploit variable fidelity modeling, physics- and...
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Application potential of dummy molecularly imprinted polymers as solidphase extraction sorbents for determination of low-mass polybrominated diphenyl ethers in soil and sediment samples
PublikacjaDespite the introduction of restrictive regulations in the USA and the European Union, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are still found in various types of environmental and biological samples at significant concentration levels. The presence of these persistent organic pollutants in the environment raises important issues because of their negative impact on immunological and neurological systems, and on the hormonal balances...
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KTaO3-based nanocomposites for air treatment
PublikacjaThe advantage is that photocatalytic methods allow removing VOCs, NOx, SO2, deodorants, and microorganisms at the same system. The new third generation of photoactive materials activated by low powered and low cost irradiation sources (such as LEDs or black fluorescent UV lamps) can be used as photocatalysts in air purification systems. A series of single semiconductors and their nanocomposites combination were prepared using hydrothermal...
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Drop-coating deposition surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy on silver substrates for biofluid analysis
PublikacjaUtilization of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy as a measurement technique is of particular interest in biodetection due to its superb chemical specificity and high sensitivity. The use of SERS substrates further improve this method by massive enhancement of the molecule Raman spectrum, permitting very low levels of detection. Therefore it is important to seek for new ways to develop reliable substrates, which are quickly and...
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Rapid design optimization of compact couplers using response features and adjoint sensitivities
PublikacjaA technique for rapid EM-driven design optimization of compact microwave couplers is presented. Our approach exploits response features and adjoint sensitivities and allows for low-cost design closure both in terms of performance enhancement and structure miniaturization. It is demonstrated using a compact rat-race coupler working at 1 GHz and compared to adjoint-based gradient optimization.
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Multi-fidelity robust aerodynamic design optimization under mixed uncertainty
PublikacjaThe objective of this paper is to present a robust optimization algorithm for computationally efficient airfoil design under mixed (inherent and epistemic) uncertainty using a multi-fidelity approach. This algorithm exploits stochastic expansions derived from the Non-Intrusive Polynomial Chaos (NIPC) technique to create surrogate models utilized in the optimization process. A combined NIPC expansion approach is used, where both...
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Pharmaceutical and forensic drug applications of chiral supercritical fluid chromatography
PublikacjaTHE SUPERCRITICAL FLUID IS AN EXCELLENT CHOICE AS THE CHROMATOGRAPHIC MOBILE PHASE BECAUSE IT ALLOWS RAPID SEPARATION WITH HIGH EFFICIENCY AND APPLICATIONS INVOLVING ENANTIORESOLUTION ARE COMMON. SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (SFC) IS INCREASINGLY USED FOR ANALYTICAL, SEMI-PREPARATIVE AND PREPARATIVE PURIFICATION OF CHIRAL COMPOUNDS, INCLUDING PRODUCTION OF ENANTIOMERS THAT ARE MAINLY ENCOUNTERED DURING DRUG DEVELOPMENT. SFC...
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The demand for skills and the labor cost in partner countries: evidence from the enlarged EU
PublikacjaWe analyse the consequences of trade integration in Europe (1995-2005) detecting how thelabor costs in partner countries affects the demand for domestic high- and low-skilled labor inthe EU-15 (Old) and five New member states. In general, independently on the skill level, the resultshint at complementarity between domestic and foreign labor. However, the demand for thehigh skilled in New EU members' low skill intensive sectors...
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Cost-efficient design optimization of compact patch antennas with improved bandwidth
PublikacjaIn this letter, a surrogate-assisted optimization procedure for fast design of compact patch antennas with enhanced bandwidth is presented. The procedure aims at addressing a fundamental challenge of the design of antenna structures with complex topologies, which is simultaneous adjustment of numerous geometry parameters. The latter is necessary in order to find a truly optimum design and cannot be executed-at the level of high-fidelity...
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Solubility advantage of sulfanilamide and sulfacetamide in natural deep eutectic systems: experimental and theoretical investigations
PublikacjaObjective: The aim of this study was to explore the possibility of using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as solvation media for enhancement of solubility of sulfonamides, as well as gaining some thermodynamic characteristics of the analyzed systems. Significance: Low solubility of many active pharmaceutical ingredients is a well-recognized difficulty in pharmaceutical industry, hence the need for different strategies addressing...
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Coacervative extraction as a green technique for sample preparation for the analysis of organic compounds
PublikacjaOne of the present trends in analytical chemistry is miniaturization, which is one of the methods of green analytical chemistry application. A particular emphasis is placed on the elimination of the use of large amounts of organic solvents which are toxic and harmful to the environment, maintaining high efficiency of the extraction process, high recovery values and low values of quantification (LOQ) and detection (LOD) limits....
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Superhydrophobic sponges based on green deep eutectic solvents for spill oil removal from water
PublikacjaThe paper described a new method for crude oil-water separation by means of superhydrophobic melamine sponges impregnated by deep eutectic solvents (MS-DES). Due to the numerous potential of two-component DES formation, simple and quick screening of 156 non-ionic deep eutectic solvents using COSMO-RS (Conductor-like Screening Model for Real Solvents) computational model was used. DES which were characterized by high solubility...
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Aerodynamic shape optimization by variable-fidelity computational fluid dynamics models: a review of recent progress
PublikacjaA brief review of some recent variable-fidelity aerodynamic shape optimization methods is presented.We discuss three techniques that—by exploiting information embedded in low-fidelity computationalfluid dynamics (CFD) models—are able to yield a satisfactory design at a low computational cost, usu-ally corresponding to a few evaluations of the original, high-fidelity CFD model to be optimized. Thespecific techniques considered here...
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Cost-Efficient Design Methodology for Compact Rat-Race Couplers
PublikacjaIn this article, a reliable and low-cost design methodology for simulation-driven optimization of miniaturized rat-race couplers (RRCs) is presented. We exploit a two-stage design approach, where a composite structure (a basic building block of the RRC structure) is first optimized using a pattern search algorithm, and, subsequently, the entire coupler is tuned by means of surrogate-based optimization (SBO) procedure. SBO is executed...
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Troubleshooting of the determination of bisphenol A at ultra-trace levels by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry
PublikacjaDetermination of trace amounts of bisphenol A (BPA) may cause problems mainly related to the presence of BPA in solvents (even in LC-MS grade), laboratory vessels, and plastic equipment used for sample preparation. Variable and sometimes significant amounts of BPA present in the background cause problems in obtaining good repeatability of measurements at the ultra-trace levels. Such observations (i.e., poor repeatability of results)...
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Efficient Calibration of Cost-Efficient Particulate Matter Sensors Using Machine Learning and Time-Series Alignment
PublikacjaAtmospheric particulate matter (PM) poses a significant threat to human health, infiltrating the lungs and brain and leading to severe issues such as heart and lung diseases, cancer, and premature death. The main sources of PM pollution are vehicular and industrial emissions, construction and agricultural activities, and natural phenomena such as wildfires. Research underscores the absence of a safe threshold for particulate exposure,...
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Rapid Design Centering of Multi-Band Antennas Using Knowledge-Based Inverse Models and Response Features
PublikacjaAccounting for manufacturing tolerances as well as uncertainties concerning operating conditions and material parameters is one of the important yet often neglected aspects of antenna development. Appropriate quantification of uncertainties allows for estimating the fabrication yield but also to carry out robust design (e.g., yield maximization). For reliability reasons, statistical analysis should be executed at the accuracy level...
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RANS-based design optimization of dual-rotor wind turbines
PublikacjaPurpose An improvement in the energy efficiency of wind turbines can be achieved using dual rotors. Because of complex flow physics, the design of dual-rotor wind turbines (DRWTs) requires repetitive evaluations of computationally expensive partial differential equation (PDE) simulation models. Approaches for solving design optimization of DRWTs constrained by PDE simulations are investigated. The purpose of this study is to determine...
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Metody redukcji zróżnicowania materiałów wejściowych w warunkach wysokiej różnorodności produktów gotowych
PublikacjaArtykuł opisuje zagadnienie związane z negatywnym wpływem wysokiego zróżnicowania materiałów wejściowych w procesach produkcyjnych o wysokiej różnorodności produktów gotowych. W pierwszej części pracy opisane zostało oddziaływanie zróżnicowania materiału na podstawowe mierniki skuteczności procesu produkcyjnego z uwzględnieniem cen zakupu materiałów, kosztów utrzymania zapasów, jakości produktu oraz wydajności maszyn i urządzeń....
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MEMS Technology Quality Requirements as Applied to Multibeam Echosounder
PublikacjaSmall, lightweight, power-efficient, and low-cost microelectromechanical system (MEMS) inertial sensors and microcontrollers, available in the market today, help reduce the instability of Multibeam Sonars. Current MEMS inertial measurement units (IMUs) come in many shapes, sizes, and costs — depending on the application and performance required. Although MEMS inertial sensors offer affordable, appropriately scaled units, they are...
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Calibration of acoustic vector sensor based on MEMS microphones for DOA estimation
PublikacjaA procedure of calibration of a custom 3D acoustic vector sensor (AVS) for the purpose of direction of arrival (DoA) estimation, is presented and validated in the paper. AVS devices working on a p-p principle may be constructed from standard pressure sensors and a signal processing system. However, in order to ensure accurate DoA estimation, each sensor needs to be calibrated. The proposed algorithm divides the calibration process...