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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: carbon emission
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Dynamic Study of Dual High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering Discharge by Optical Emission Imaging
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An Experimental Study of Emission and Combustion Characteristics of Marine Diesel Engine in Case of Cylinder Valves Leakage
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On the possibility of the application of magnetoacoustic emission intensity measurements for the diagnosis of thick-walled objects in the industrial environment
PublikacjaArtykuł przedstawia wyniki pomiarów sygnału emisji magnetoakustycznej (EMA) wykonanych na obiektach grubościennych w środowisku przemysłowym oraz omawia możliwe sposoby jego dalszej analizy. Pomimo tego, ze bezpośredni pomiar sygnału EMA nie pozwala na określenie jego natężenia w artykule wykazano, że możliwa jest separacja użytecznego sygnału od szumów tła albo poprzez analogowe filtrowanie sprzętowe albo poprzez cyfrową analizę...
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On the Application of Magnetoacoustic Emission for a Nondestructive Assessment of the Post Welding Heat Treatment of High Chromium Steel Weld Seams
PublikacjaThe paper analyses the possibility of post weld heat treatment (PWHT) quality assessment with the help of magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) signal measurements. Two welded superheater tubes, made of high chromium VM12 steel, were analysed—as welded and heat treated one. The analysed sample in the as welded state exhibited significantly higher hardness, accompanied by a big difference in the MAE signal intensity (of order of about...
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An adaptive approach to non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of cast irons containing precipitated graphite particles with the help of magnetoacoustic emission
PublikacjaPhysical properties of cast irons strongly depend on both their microstructure and the presence of casting defects. The paper analyses the possibility of application of magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) for nondestructive detection of flawed cast iron components. The investigated samples containing dross, chunky graphite and lamellar graphite were compared with the reference, flawless, spheroidal cast iron sample. The optimisation...
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N-doped carbon nanospheres as selective fluorescent probes for mercury detection in contaminated aqueous media: chemistry, fluorescence probing, cell line patterning, and liver tissue interaction
PublikacjaA precise nano-scale biosensor was developed here to detect Hg2+ in aqueous media. Nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres (NCS) created from the pyrolysis of melamine–formaldehyde resin were characterized by FESEM, XRD, Raman spectra, EDS, PL, UV–vis spectra, and N2 adsorption–desorption, and were used as a highly selective and sensitive probe for detecting Hg2+ in aqueous media. The sensitivity of NCS to Hg2+ was evaluated by photoluminescence...
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Potential of novel atomic emission techniques as a tool for investigation of the possibilities of using industrial waste as additives in construction materials
PublikacjaNowadays, due to the global ecological crisis and ways to prevent a climate disaster, more and more attention is paid to green techno-logies and green Chemistry, which are part of the so-called “The Green Deal.” The main assumption is the optimization of the processes of producing necessary goods and the implementation of methods of managing postproduction waste in the least environmentally harmful manner. In the presented research,...
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Performance of cryogenic oxygen production unit with exhaust gas bleed for sewage sludge gasification and different oxygen purities
PublikacjaThe paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of the integration of a cryogenic air separation unit into a negative CO2 emission gas power plant. The power cycle utilizes sewage sludge as fuel so this system fits into the innovative idea of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. A cryogenic air separation unit integrated with the power plant was simulated in professional plant engineering and thermodynamic process analysis software....
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Interactions of protons with furan molecules studied by collision-induced emission spectroscopy at the incident energy range of 50–1000 eV
PublikacjaInvestigations of the ion-molecule reactions provide insight into many fields ranging from the stellar wind interaction with interstellar media, up to medicine and industrial applications. Besides the applications, the understanding of these processes is itself a problem of fundamental importance. Thus, interactions of protons with the gas-phase furan molecules have been investigated for the first time in the energy range of 50–1000...
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Experimental investigation of performance and emission characteristics of a miniature gas turbine supplied by blends of kerosene and waste tyre pyrolysis oil
PublikacjaFossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy that could be depleted in the near future, giving rise to amajor energy crisis. Scientists from all over the world are working on new technologies to produce fuelnot only from renewable sources but also from waste. This article is concerned with: (i) waste tyremanagement by means of the pyrolysis process, (ii) investigation of physico-chemical parameters ofwaste tyre pyrolysis oil...
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Emission and properties of airborne wear particles from train brake friction materials based on novolac phenolic resins and butadiene rubbers
PublikacjaThe emission of airborne particulate matter from a train brake depends on the formulation of its friction material. This study investigates the emission and properties of wear particles from train brake friction materials based on straight or resorcinol-modified novolac phenolic resin and nitrile or styrene butadiene rubber used as binding ingredients. The wear particles are generated by a pin-on-disc tribomachine inside an aerodynamic...
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Study of microstress state of P91 steel using complementary mechanical Barkhausen, magnetoacoustic emission, and X-ray diffraction techniques
PublikacjaThe paper deals with assessment of microstress state of martensite P91 steel using three complementary techniques: mechanical Barkhausen emission, magnetoacoustic emission (MAE), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) profile analysis. Magnetic coercivity Hc and microstructure were investigated with inductive magnetometry and magnetic force microscopy (MFM), respectively. Internal stress level of P91 steel was modified by heat treatment....
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Double ZIF-L structures with exceptional CO2 capacity
PublikacjaCarbon dioxide emission is an emerging problem nowadays and new methods are designed for its control. In this article, a report on the formation of zeolitic imidazole framework with an apparent double leaf-like morphology DZIF-L is given. The special structure of the materials prevents from aggregation of the particles providing remarkable CO2 capacity. At 0.1 MPa the CO2 uptake was 2.99 ± 0.06 mmol/g. The capacity of synthesized...
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Innovative Railway Stations
PublikacjaIn relation to modern demographic trends, evolving technologies and environmentfriendly solutions increases the potential of rail considered as sustainable form of public transport. Contemporary tendencies of designing railway stations in Europe are focused on lowering energy consumption and reducing carbon emission. The main goal of the designers is to create a friendly and intuitive space for its users and at the same time a...
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Analysis and assessment of the acoustic emission suitability for determination of the energy states of a tribological system in the form of a four-ball tester friction node
PublikacjaThe present operating safety and cost reduction requirements of the compression ignition engines make it necessary to search for new methods of detecting their defects, e.g. by the analysis of acoustic emission signals coming from the slide bearings. The paper presents non-destructive measurements of acoustic emission (AE) in order to obtain information on the processes taking place in a tribological system under the continuously...
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O 1s excitation and ionization processes in the CO2molecule studied via detection of low-energy fluorescence emission
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Enzymatic Activity and Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soils under Low-Stack Emission in Lublin
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Narrow Red Emission Band Fluoride Phosphor KNaSiF6:Mn4+ for Warm White Light-Emitting Diodes
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Influence of the variability of the odour emission rate on its impact range: a case study of the selected industrial source
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Evaluation of the reference fuel consumption and CO2 emission of vehicle with using of the map of operating conditions for selected agglomeration
PublikacjaZaproponowana w pracy metoda tworzenia mapy warunków eksploatacji dla wybranej aglomeracji może zostać przeprowadzona przy wykorzystaniu tanich i prostych w obsłudze urządzeń. Podstawowym urządzeniem badawczym jest pojazd samochodowy wyposażony w system pomiaru położenia GPS z układem korekty wskazań wysokości i rejestracji parametrów jazdy. Zamieszczony w pracy przykład wykorzystania mapy warunków eksploatacji pokazuje możliwości...
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Towards a global historical emission inventory for selected PCB congeners - a mass balance approach. 3. An update
PublikacjaPoprzednie prace autorów zawierały bardzo istotne informacje do oceny stężeń związków polychlorobifenylowych (PCB) w rejonach oddalonych od dużych źródeł emisji tych związków jak i w środowisku globalnym. Okazało się, że niezbędna jest modyfikacja emisji PCB po roku 2000. Przedstawiono nowe dane o produkcji PCB w Polsce oraz nowe dane nt. składu chemicznego różnych produktów technicznych opartych na PCB. Ulepszono też metody oceny...
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Mixing of excimer and exciplex emission: A new way to improve white light emitting organic electrophosphorescent diodes
PublikacjaW pracy opisano konstrukcję wydajnych diod elektrofosforescencyjnych emitujących światło białe. Emisja diod pochodzi od trypletowych monomerów PtL2Cl, trypletowych ekscymerów (PtL2Cl:PtL2Cl) i trypletowych ekscypleksów m-MTDATA (donor elektronu):PtL2Cl (akceptor elektronu), gdzie PtL2Cl oznacza organiczny kompleks platyny (II), a m-MTDATA - dendrymer aminowy. Kwantowa wydajność EL diody wynosi 6.5% fot./e. Współrzędne charakteryzujące...
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The Importance of the Microclimatic Conditions Inside and Outside of Plant Buildings in Odorants Emission at Municipal Waste Biogas Installations
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Comparison of properties of magnetoacoustic emission and mechanical Barkhausen effects for P91 steel after plastic flow and creep
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono wyniki pogłębionej analizy sygnału szumowego efektu Barkhausena dla próbek ze stali krzemowej Fe-2%Si po deformacji plastycznej. Badane były próbki po walcowaniu na zimno powodującym odkształcenie względne w zakresie do 8%. Pierwsze podejście polegało na analizie w dziedzinie czasu widma badanego sygnału. Analiza ta została uzupełniona o analizę liczby zliczeń impulsów w funkcji napięcia progowego, zarówno...
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Impact of eddy currents on Barkhausen and magnetoacoustic emission intensity in a steel plate magnetized by a C-core electromagnet.
PublikacjaZbadano (zmierzono i modelowano metodą elementów skończonych) wpływ częstości magnesowania na przestrzenny i czasowy rozkład indukcji magnetycznej wewnątrz płyty stalowej. Wyznaczono i zmierzono natężenie polowego rozkładu Barkhausena (HEB) na powierzchni płyty oraz natężnie emisji magnetoakustycznej (EMA) z całej magnesowanej objętości. Wykazano, iż obserwowane zmiany w natężeniu HEB i EMA są wynikiem zmian w rozkładzie indukcji...
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Deep eutectic solvents – Ideal solution for clean air or hidden danger?
PublikacjaThe industrial sector is one of the fastest-growing sources of greenhouse gases, due to its excessive energy consumption to meet the rapidly growing demand for energy-intensive products. The use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has been studied extensively in order to cope with these harmful gases, but their usage can be an issue in respect to ecological reasons. Do deep eutectic solvents harm the atmosphere? Yes, these solvents...
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Study of ultraviolet-visible fluorescence emission following resonant Auger decay of the 2p-1nl core-excited states of argon atoms
PublikacjaWe have studied the excitation and relaxation of Ar+ ions populated in resonant Auger decay from the Ar 2p−1nl core-excited states by using ultraviolet-visible fluorescence spectroscopy and photon-photon delayed coincidence technique. Fluorescence emission yields were measured in the photon energy range of 240-–255 eV for the 3s23p4(1D)5s(2D) → 3s23p4(1D)4p(2F) (393 nm) and 3s23p4(1D)4d(2F) → 3s23p4(1D)4p(2F) (335 nm) transitions...
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A review on application of artificial neural network (ANN) for performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with biodiesel-based fuels
PublikacjaBiodiesel has been emerging as a potential and promising biofuel for the strategy of reducing toxic emissions and improving engine performance. Computational methods aiming to offer numerical solutions were inevitable as a study methodology which was sometimes considered the only practical method. Artificial neural networks (ANN) were data-processing systems, which were used to tackle many issues in engineering and science, especially...
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Nonconventional 1,8-Diazafluoren-9-One Aggregates for Green Light Enhancement in Hybrid Biocompatible Media
PublikacjaOrganic aggregates currently play a prominent role, mainly for their unique optoelectronic properties in the aggregated state. Such properties can be related to the aggregates’ structure and the molecular packing mode. In the literature, we have well-established models of H and J aggregates defined based on the molecular exciton model. However, unconventional aggregates, the most unrecognized forms, have been generating interest...
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An algorithm for selecting a machine learning method for predicting nitrous oxide emissions in municipal wastewater treatment plants
PublikacjaThis study presents an advanced algorithm for selecting machine learning (ML) models for nitrous oxide (N2O) emission prediction in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) employing the activated sludge process. The examined ML models comprised multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS), support vector machines (SVM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGboost). The study explores the concept that involves new criteria to select the...
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Elemental and water-insoluble organic carbon in Svalbard snow: a synthesis of observations during 2007–2018
PublikacjaLight-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols emitted by biomass or fossil fuel combustion can contribute to amplifying Arctic climate warming by lowering the albedo of snow. The Svalbard archipelago, being near to Europe and Russia, is particularly affected by these pollutants, and improved knowledge of their distribution in snow is needed to assess their impact. Here we present and synthesize new data obtained on Svalbard between 2007...
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Insights into modification of lignocellulosic fillers with isophorone diisocyanate: structure, thermal stability and volatile organic compounds emission assessment
PublikacjaThis study presents an analysis of the structure and properties of different types of lignocellulosic fillers modified by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) to provide insights into the possibility of their application to the manufacturing of wood polymer composites (WPCs). Moreover, it deals with the environmental aspects of modified fillers, by assessment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted during modification, as well as...
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Modification of cellulosic filler with diisocyanates – volatile organic compounds emission assessment and stability of chemical structure over time
PublikacjaThis paper investigated the impact of type and content of diisocyanate on the structure of modified cellulose fillers. Four the most popular isocyanates were applied – isophorone, hexamethylene, toluene and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate – at loadings of 1–15 wt%. Chemical structure, and its short-term storage stability, were investigated for eight weeks. Moreover, the main volatile organic compounds detected during modification,...
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Optical emission spectroscopy study for nitrogen–acetylene–argon and nitrogen–acetylene–helium 100 kHz and dc discharges
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Recent achievements in chemical hydride generation inductively coupled and microwave induced plasmas with optical emission spectrometry detection
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Measurements of high-temperature emission spectra of highly irradiated LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP-N) TL detectors
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Environmental emission, fate and transformation of microplastics in biotic and abiotic compartments: Global status, recent advances and future perspectives
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Emission enhancement of Eu(III) and/or Tb(III) ions entrapped in silica xerogels with ZnO nanoparticles by energy transfer
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono rezultaty wpływu domieszkowania nanocząsteczkami ZnO kserożeli krzemianowych zawierających jony Eu(III)i/lub Tb(III). Wzmocnienie emisji w kserożelach zawierających Tb(III) następowało na skutek wymiany energii między jonami Tb i nanocząsteczkami ZnO. Wzmocnienia takiego nie zaobserwowano w przypadku jonów Eu. Zaobserwowano również kwantowy efekt rozmiaru w przerwie energetycznej ZnO.
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Diagnostyka procesu CVD metodą optycznej spektroskopii emisyjnej. Diagnostics of CVD process by means of optical emission spectroscopy.
PublikacjaZastosowano optyczną spektroskopię emisyjną do badania w trybie in-situ dysocjacji cząsteczek oraz wzbudzenia i jonizacji atomów wodoru podczas procesu syntezy cienkich warstw diamentowych metodą chemicznego osadzania z par gazowych wspomaganego plazmą mikrofalową (mPACVD). Zbudowano tor światłowodowy, umożliwiający sprzężenie komory CVD z systemem spektroskopowym i wykonywanie pomiarów bezinwazyjnych. Wykonano pomiary spektralne...
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Investigation of H2:CH4 plasma composition by means of spatially resolved optical spectroscopy
PublikacjaThe system based on spatially resolved optical emission spectroscopy dedicated for in situ diagnostics of plasma assisted CVD processes is presented in this paper. Measurement system coupled with chemical vapour deposition chamber by dedicated fiber-optic paths enables investigation of spatial distribution of species densities (Hx, H+, CH, CH+) during chemical vapour deposition process. Experiments were performed for a various...
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Ground Tire Rubber Modified by Elastomers via Low-Temperature Extrusion Process: Physico-Mechanical Properties and Volatile Organic Emission Assessment
PublikacjaIn this paper, low-temperature extrusion of ground tire rubber was performed as a proecological waste tires recycling method. During this process, ground tire rubber was modified with constant content of dicumyl peroxide and a variable amount of elastomer (in the range: 2.5–15 phr). During the studies, three types of elastomers were used: styrene-butadiene rubber, styreneethylene/butylene-styrene grafted with maleic anhydride and...
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Results of acoustic emission tests of corrosion protection degree of ship steel tanks covered by means of protective coatings (Phase I)
PublikacjaThis paper presents methods and results of the 1st series of tests of acoustic emission (AE) signals, aimed at assessing degree of corrosion protection of a tank made of hull structural steel, protected by means of a protective coating combined from polyurethane layer and concrete filler. The tests were carried outin compliance with a method specially elaborated for application to the work in question. In the method were used requirements...
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A BODIPY‐Based Molecular Rotor in Giant Unilamellar Vesicles: A Case Study by Polarization‐Resolved Time‐Resolved Emission and Transient Absorption Spectroscopy
PublikacjaBODIPY and BODIPY-derived systems are widely applied as fluorophores and as probes for viscosity detection in solvents and biological media. Their orientational and rotational dynamics in biological media are thus of vital mechanistic importance and extensively investigated. In this contribution, polarization-resolved confocal microscopy is used to determine the orientation of an amphiphilic BODIPY-cholesterol derivative in homogeneous...
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Synergistic effects of a swirl generator and MXene/ water nanofluids used in a heat exchanger pipe of a negative CO2 emission gas power plant
Publikacjafocus on optimizing heat exchangers contributes to improved temperature control mechanisms, ensuring the sustainable operation of innovative power plants working towards negative CO2 emissions. In the realm of oxy-combustion within Negative CO2 Emission Power Plants (nCO2PP), the temperature of combustion products surpasses 3000 (K). Addressing this challenge, the imperative arises to reduce these elevated temperatures to a manageable...
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A comparative study of pentanol (C5 alcohol) and kerosene blends in terms of gas turbine engine performance and exhaust gas emission
PublikacjaThe growing demand for sustainable and clean energy sources provides the incentive for the development of alternative fuels. Simultaneously, the development of gas turbine technologies with flexible fuel supply systems enables the use of alternative non-fossil fuels that can play key roles in contributing to global efforts in meeting emissions targets. This paper presents the current state of knowledge on the production and potential...
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Spectral characteristic of high-dose high-temperature emission from LiF:Mg,Cu,P (MCP-N) TL detectors
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Exploring the Relationship between Particulate Matter Emission and the Construction Material of Road Surface: Case Study of Highways and Motorways in Poland
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Combustion characteristics and retention-emission of selenium during co-firing of torrefied biomass and its blends with high ash coal
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Photoluminescence enhancement study in a Bi-doped Cs2AgInCl6 double perovskite by pressure and temperature-dependent self-trapped exciton emission
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The evaluation methodology of corrosion protection of tanks from hull structural steels with Acoustic Emission use and first results of investigations
PublikacjaW referacie przedstawiono metodykę badań mającą na celu ocenę stopnia ochrony przed korozją konstrukcji zbiorników ładunkowych i balastowych wykonanych ze stali kadłubowych z wykorzystaniem Emisji Akustycznej (EA). W metodyce wykorzystano wymagania obowiązujących norm, standardów oraz doświadczenia zdobyte w dotychczasowych badaniach poświęconych zastosowaniu metody EA do wykrywania i lokalizacji źródeł korozji na statkach. Do...