Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: INDUSTRIAL MEASUREMENTS
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The impact of drying and steaming processes on surface color changes of tension ad normal beech wood
PublikacjaThe aim of the article is to present the influence of high temperature to selected properties of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.). The properties such as moisture content, color changes and longitudinal warping were analyzed. The quality of beech wood is determined based on structure and properties of wood, frequency of defects in wood material. The tension wood is considered as an important wood defect causing negative alterations...
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On the application of magnetoelastic properties measureme nts for plastic level determination in martensitic steels
PublikacjaThe change in the dislocation density, induced by plastic deformation, influences strongly the magnetic domain structure inside the material. Being so, classic parameters, like the coercivity or magnetic permeability, can be a good measure of the deformation level, yet their reliable determination in a non-destructive way in industrial environment is problematic. The magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) which results from the non-180...
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Determination of cyanide ion in urine samples using ion chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection.
PublikacjaCyanides are widely applied in industrial activity, including gold and silver mining and the production of organic chemicals. HCN is also formed directly from fossil fuel combustion sources from gasoline and diesel vehicles. In natural environment, in plants seeds for example an apple seed, it exists as a cyanogenic glycosides. The amount of cyanide ions originating from food products is however rather small. Larger concentrations...
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Determination of cyanide in urine and saliva samples by ion chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection
PublikacjaCommonly known as a highly toxic chemical, cyanide is also an essential reagent for many industrial processes. It naturally occurs in plant seeds as a cyanogenic glycosides. Another relatively common mode of cyanide exposure is inhalation of environmental tobacco smoke. This study concerns importance to determine cyanide ion in human biological samples. Urine and saliva samples were collected healthy volunteers exposed to tobacco...
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Impact of low-temperature sintering on the Fe-based amorphous coatings
PublikacjaBulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have gained a lot of attention in recent years due to their outstanding properties such as high hardness and excellent wear and corrosion resistance. However, they are restricted in industrial applications due to their extreme brittleness. Iron based amorphous coatings from BMGs are the best solution to use them by overcoming the problem of extreme brittleness. The coatings can be sprayed by various...
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Areas of Fan Research—A Review of the Literature in Terms of Improving Operating Efficiency and Reducing Noise Emissions
PublikacjaFans as industrial devices are among the most significant single recipients of driving energy. Therefore, they represent an important area of energy savings to reduce CO2 emissions. The ubiquity of fans and their operation under conditions different from the optimum provides an opportunity for more significant global reductions in the energy used to drive them. The second important aspect, besides energy efficiency, related to...
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The Method of Selecting the Interval of Functional Tests Taking into Account Economic Aspects and Legal Requirements
PublikacjaThe article discusses the problem of choosing the optimal frequency of functional tests, taking into account the reliability and law requirements, but also the impact of business aspects in the company. The subject of functional test interval is well described for purposes of the process industry. Unfortunately, this is not the case for the machinery safety functions with low demand mode. This is followed by a presentation of the...
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Coffee silverskin as a potential bio-based antioxidant for polymer materials: Brief review
PublikacjaCoffee silverskin is one of the by-products generated by the coffee industry. Although it is not the most burdensome one, because it stands only for ~4.2 wt % of coffee, it seems like an auspicious raw material for industrial processes. Coffee silverskin is characterized by a relatively low moisture content of ~5–7%, so it often does not require quite energy-consuming drying processes. The chemical composition of coffee silverskin,...
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The Cluster Organization. Analyzing the Development of Cooperative Relationships
PublikacjaCluster organizations are becoming more and more popular, both in developing and developed countries. Considering the development of cluster policy and the related dynamic growth of cluster initiatives in the world, the lack of sufficient knowledge on the development of cooperation in cluster organizations inhibits their development and, in many cases, causes their complete disintegration. The book provides new important elements...
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Simulation of hybridized nanofluids flowing and heat transfer enhancement via 3-D vertical heated plate using finite element technique
PublikacjaThe present study probed the creation of heat energy and concentrating into Newtonian liquids across vertical 3D-heated plates. The role of the Soret and Dufour theories in concentrating and energy formulas is discussed. The role of hybrid nanoparticles is introduced to illustrate particle efciency in terms of solute and thermal energy. It is removed a viscous dissipation process and a changing magnetic feld. The proposed approach...
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Mathematical model of the energy consumption calculation during the pine sawn wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) drying process
PublikacjaThe article presents the modification of the existing mathematical model to calculate energy consumption during conventional drying process. Apart from energy consumption the model permits to estimate the time of high-temperature drying process. The drying medium is air and superheated steam mixture. The obtained calculation results were compared with conducted experimental tests of drying square-edged sawn sapwood timber (Pinus...
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Current Source Inverter Fed Drive
PublikacjaThis book covers three-phase and multiphase (more than three-phase) motor drives including their control and practical problems faced in the field (e.g., adding LC filters in the output of a feeding converter), are considered. The new edition contains links to Matlab®/Simulink models and PowerPoint slides ideal for teaching and understanding the material contained within the book. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A...
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Critical Review on Robust Speed Control Techniques for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) Speed Regulation
PublikacjaThe permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is a highly efficient energy saving machine. Due to its simple structural characteristics, good heat radiation capability, and high efficiency, PMSMs are gradually replacing AC induction motors in many industrial applications. The PMSM has a nonlinear system and lies on parameters that differ over time with complex high-class dynamics. To achieve the excessive performance operation...
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Design of Microwave-Based Angular Displacement Sensor
PublikacjaThis letter presents a novel microwave-based rotation sensor having a wide dynamic range to detect and measure the angular displacement in terms of the change in resonant frequency. The proposed sensor is based on the microstrip technology, where a rotor comprised of a complementary splitring resonator (CSRR) placed on the ground plane of the microstrip line is free to rotate around its axis. The mechanical rotation of CSRR determines...
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Heat recovery from the hybrid photovoltaic tile – experimental studies with the solar light simulator
PublikacjaConsidering the current development of micro-cogeneration energy sources, supported by the national prosumer policy and the act on the renewable energy sources, there is a great demand for the effective solar technologies. In this area, the photovoltaic cells with a combined conversion of the solar radiation energy into the electrical and thermal energy (PV/T cells) seem to be attractive. They are already widely available and treated...
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Stone cutting industry waste-supported zinc oxide nanostructures for ultrasonic assisted decomposition of an anti-inflammatory non-steroidal pharmaceutical compound
PublikacjaPowdered stone waste (PSW) obtained from a stone cutting industrial unit was applied as support for the immobilization of nano-sized ZnO to be utilized as an effective catalyst for the catalytic conversion of acetaminophen (ACE) under ultrasonication. The incorporation of ZnO nanostructures into PSW structure enhanced the specific surface area and pore volume of the as-prepared nanocompound. The change in the value of zero point...
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Comprehensive stabilization of all streams of solid residues formed during sewage sludge thermal treatment – Case study
PublikacjaModern wastewater treatment plants are currently struggling with the problem of processing and ecological management of sewage sludge. Thermal utilization is a frequently used practice of excess sludge utilization especially in large wastewater treatment plants, which seems to be a quite promising concept. However, during thermal treatment, fractions of ashes and dusts are generated. Such wastes, especially the dust fraction, can...
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Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents as “green” extraction media for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous samples
PublikacjaThe paper presents novel nonionic and hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents which were synthesized from natural compounds, i.e., thymol, ±camphor, decanoic and 10-undecylenic acids. Fundamental physicochemical properties of the synthesized deep eutectic solvents were determined, followed by their application as extractants in ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction to isolate and enrich polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons...
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Determinants of SME location in a suburban area: Evidence from the Gdańsk–Gdynia–Sopot metropolitan area.
PublikacjaGiven the importance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the European economy, it is essential to have adequate information about the various factors that determine their choice of location. However, the size of a company is often an aspect not covered in theoretical studies and empirical research on industrial locations and urban planning. This article examines the place of residence...
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Theoretical and Actual Feed Per Tooth During Wood Sawing on an Optimizing Cross-Cut Saw
PublikacjaThe work presents the geometries of circular saw teeth, whose task is to divide the cross-cut of the cutting layer. For efficient machining on a cross-cut saw with high feed speed values (about 1 ms−1) maximal theoretical feeds per tooth are determined. These values were compared with the actual values determined during transverse cutting of pine wood on a special test stands in industrial conditions. In the experiment the rotational...
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Recycling of Waste Rubber by Thermo-Mechanical Treatment in a Twin-Screw Extruder
PublikacjaRecycling of waste tires is a significant issue considering both environmental and economic aspects. One of the leading recycling routes is the shredding of tires resulting in the generation of ground tire rubber. This material can be easily introduced into various polymer matrices as a filler, reducing the use of conventionally applied petroleum-based materials. In such cases, it is essential to ensure sufficient interfacial compatibility,...
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Problems of varistor quality assessment during exploitation
PublikacjaVaristors are commonly used elements which protect power supply networks against high-voltage surges or lightning. Therefore, quality and endurance of these elements is important to avoid losses when an expensive laboratory equipment would not be protected from random overvoltages. Additionally, excessive leakage currents generate serious costs due to high energy consumption. The paper presents shortly properties of varistors that...
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Refining of Secondary Pb with Retention of Sn Using Al and Ca Additions
PublikacjaLead grid from spent lead-acid batteries contains significant amounts of tin and antimony. In classical pyro-refining processes of lead, tin oxidizes and is transferred to dross, making its recovery problematic and expensive. This paper presents an innovative method of pyro-refining lead using metallic aluminum and calcium to purify the lead from contaminants while retaining a higher amount of tin than in the traditional process....
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Transformation of the countryside into an open-air museum as a way to rescure its spatial layout and to improve the quality of live = Przekształcenie wsi w muzeum na wolnym powietrzu jako sposób ratowania jej układu przestrzennego i poprawy jakości życia mieszkańców
PublikacjaSince the first open-air museums until today, the exposition subject-matter has been specialized (ethnographic, archeological, industrial and technical skansens). But idea of the existence of such objects remains unchanged. Still, the goal is to show the collection of wooden buildings in the environment as close to their origin as possible or in the home environment. These distinguish the skansens and make them different then municipal...
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Novel Complementary Multiple Concentric Split Ring Resonator for Reliable Characterization of Dielectric Substrates with High Sensitivity
PublikacjaAccurate characterization of dielectric substrates with high sensitivity remains an important challenge in a variety of industrial applications. This paper proposes an innovative strategy to address this challenge by developing and optimizing a unique Complementary Multiple Concentric Split Ring Resonator (CMC-SRR). The major goal is to propose a sensor design with increased sensitivity and reliability for dielectric characterization....
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Future opportunities for products derived from black soldier fly (BSF) treatment as animal feed and fertilizer - A systematic review
PublikacjaThe pursuit of novel food products with good nutritional value for both direct and indirect human consumption is crucial. Given the nutritional benefits of insects and the sustainability of this sort of farming, using them as food for farmed animals is a promising alternative. In this regard, the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) is most capable of efficiently converting a wide variety of organic materials, from food waste...
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Integration of antifouling properties into epoxy coatings: a review
Publikacjahe need for nontoxic antifouling coatings has encouraged material scientists to develop a class of organic coatings for diverse applications. As a versatile thermosetting resin and well known for coating application, antifouling characteristics have been integrated into epoxy along with anticorrosion and adhesive functions. Accordingly, both micro- and macro-biofoulings have been successfully controlled by using epoxy-based antifouling...
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Increasing the Utilization of dc-link Voltage of a Five-Leg VSI Based on Rotor Angle Control of Dual Induction Motors
PublikacjaThis paper introduces an increased utilization of the dc-link voltage of a five-leg voltage source inverter (VSI) based on the rotor flux angle control technique for dual induction motors, IM. The main purpose is to utilize additional abilities provided by a multi-motor drive system in limited operating conditions. Generally, a multi-motor drive system is widely used in electric vehicles (EVs), traction systems and in several industrial...
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Effective method of treatment of industrial effluents under basic pH conditions using acoustic cavitation – a comprehensive comparison with hydrodynamic cavitation processes
PublikacjaThe use of acoustic cavitation in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is a promising trend in research for treatment of industrial effluents. The paper presents the results of investigations on the use of acoustic cavitation aided by additional oxidation processes (ozonation/H2O2 oxidation/Peroxone/UV-C) for the treatment of effluents from the production of bitumens. Under these conditions, the total contaminant load, expressed...
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The Use of Liquid Crystal Thermography in Selected Technical and Medical Applications—Recent Development
PublikacjaThermochromic liquid crystals (TLC) and true-colour digital image processing have been successfully used in non-intrusive technical, industrial and biomedical studies and applications. Thin coatings of TLC at surfaces are utilized to obtain detailed temperature distributions and heat transfer rates for steady or transient processes. Liquid crystals also can be used to make the temperature and velocity fields in liquids visible...
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Recuperator with microjet technology as a proposal for heat recovery from low-temperature sources
PublikacjaA tendency to increase the importance of so called dispersed generation, based on the local energy sources and the working systems utilizing both the fossil fuels and the renewable energy resources is observed nowadays. Generation of electricity on industrial or domestic scale together with production of heat can be obtained for example through employment of the ORC systems. It is mentioned in the EU directive 2012/27/EU for cogenerative...
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Effective degradation of sulfide ions and organic sulfides in cavitation-based Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs)
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of investigations on the effectiveness and reaction rate constants of the oxidation of sulfide ions and organic sulfides in real industrial effluents from the production of bitumens (2000 mg S2- L-1) using hydrodynamic and acoustic cavitation. The content of the effluents was analysed in terms carbon disulfide, dimethyl sulfide, and di-tert-butyl disulfide concentration. A possibility of complete...
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A method of Functional Test interval selection with regards to Machinery and Economical aspects
PublikacjaThis paper discusses the problem of choosing the optimal frequency of functional test, including the reliability calculations and production efficiency, but also the effect of company risk management. The proof test as a part of the functional test interval is well described for the process industry. Unfortunately, this situation is not the case for the machinery safety functions with low demand mode. Afterwards, it is presented...
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New procedure for the control of the treatment of industrial effluents to remove volatile organosulfur compounds
PublikacjaWe present a new procedure for the determination of volatile organosulfur compounds in samples of industrial effluents using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. Initially, the extraction parameters were optimized. These included: type and volume of extraction solvent, volume of disperser solvent, salting out effect, pH, time and speed of centrifugation as well as extraction...
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Effective method of treatment of effluents from production of bitumens under basic pH conditions using hydrodynamic cavitation aided by external oxidants
PublikacjaUtilization of cavitation in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is a promising trend in research on treatment of industrial effluents. The paper presents the results of investigations on the use of hydrodynamic cavitation aided by additional oxidation processes (O3/H2O2/Peroxone) to reduce the total pollution load in the effluent from the production of bitumens. A detailed analysis of changes in content of volatile organic compounds...
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Heterotrophic Anodic Denitrification in Microbial Fuel Cells
PublikacjaNowadays, pollution caused by energy production systems is a major environmental concern. Therefore, the development of sustainable energy sources is required. Amongst others, the microbial fuel cell (MFC) seems to be a possible solution because it can produce clean energy at the same time that waste is stabilized. Unfortunately, mainly due to industrial discharges, the wastes could contain nitrates, or nitrates precursors such...
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Towards Understanding the Health Aspects of the Processing of Lignocellulosic Fillers
PublikacjaHealth and safety issues should be addressed during the development and investigation of the industrial processes. In order to develop a sustainable process and fully evaluate its benefits and drawbacks for its optimization, it is crucial to determine its impact on the surrounding environment. This study aimed to assess the emission of volatile organic compounds during the modification of lignocellulosic fillers with passive dosimetry....
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Testing sensitivity of A-type residual current devices to earth fault currents with harmonics
PublikacjaIn many applications, modern current-using equipment utilizes power electronic converters to control the consumed power and to adjust the motor speed. Such equipment is used both in industrial and domestic installations. A characteristic feature of the converters is producing distorted earth fault currents, which contain a wide spectrum of harmonics, including high-order harmonics. Nowadays, protection against electric shock in...
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Influence of effective width of flange on calculation and reinforcement dimensioning of beam of reinforced concrete frame
PublikacjaThe paper analyses the influence of modelling the cross-section of a beam in two-storey reinforced concrete frame of industrial warehouse with dimensions: 18.0 m × 32.0 m using bar elements on the results of bending moments, the value of elastic deflection and the dimensioning of reinforcement due to bending. Six options were considered: a beam as a rectangular section and five T-beam variants with different definitions of effective...
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Landfill leachates and wastewater of maritime origin as possible sources of endocrine disruptors in municipal wastewater
PublikacjaIn this study, wastewater from municipal services, such as a port wastewater reception facility (PRF-WW) and a municipal solid waste plant (MSWP), was tested for the presence of the suspected endocrine-disrupting compounds phthalates (PAEs) and bisphenol A (BPA). PAEs and BPA were found in this study in high concentrations in raw wastewater obtained from passenger ships (RMT-WWs) (up to 738 μg/L and 957 μg/L, respectively) collected...
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Mechanical and fracture properties of concrete reinforced with recycled and industrial steel fibers using Digital Image Correlation technique and X-ray micro computed tomography
PublikacjaPaper presents investigation of fracture phenomenon in plain concrete and in concrete reinforced with both recycled steel fibers (RSF) and industrial steel fibers (ISF). The wedge splitting test (WST), which enables stable crack propagation for quasi-brittle materials, was carried out on 75 75 75 mm cube samples. Initially, fracture process zone development was investigated only on the surface of samples using Digital Image Correlation...
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Concentration of Potentially Bioactive Compounds in Italian Extra Virgin Olive Oils from Various Sources by Using LC-MS and Multivariate Data Analysis
PublikacjaHigh quality extra virgin olive oils represent an optimal source of nutraceuticals. The European Union (EU) is the world’s leading olive oil producer, with the Mediterranean region as the main contributor. This makes the EU the greatest exporter and consumer of olive oil in the world. However, small olive oil producers also contribute to olive oil production. Beneficial effects on human health of extra virgin olive oil are well...
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Polyether-block-amide PEBA membranes for gas separation and pervaporation; current design and applications
PublikacjaPolyether-block-amide (PEBA) membranes have attracted considerable attention for their exceptional efficacy in gas separation and pervaporation processes. This comprehensive review delves into the precise definition, distinguishing characteristics, and diverse applications of PEBA membranes over the past five years. A primary research objective focuses on enhancing gas separation efficiency, primarily through augmenting membrane...
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Polyurethane-wood composites (PU-WC) as a method of wood waste management
PublikacjaIn recent years, due to the progressive environmental degradation and increase of environmental awareness, the sustainability of production systems in wood processing, the wood industry, and wood waste management is a crucial issue for European industry and society. Consequently, the problem of generating wood-like waste and the associated risks has become an increasingly noticeable challenge for science. Although various methods...
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Mechanical and structural behavior of high-strength low-alloy steel pad welded by underwater wet welding conditions
PublikacjaThe aim of the paper was to determine the metallurgical and mechanical behaviors of a high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel pad-welded specimen used in the structures of industrial and naval parts. Then to predict the metallurgical consequences (nature of the phases present) and the mechanical properties (hardness and impact strength) of the pad-welded steel obtained by underwater wet welding with different heat input values. The...
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Strategy towards the use of ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis for industrial water recovery and reuse as part of the Green Deal Implementation
PublikacjaIn line with the European Parliament’s Resolution of February 10th, 2021 on the new action plan for a closed economy, most of the activities undertaken in the wastewater treatment process should focus on the search for new technologies that use wastewater as a source of water and nutrients. The paper reviews the concept of water reuse in industrial installations, with special emphasis on the use of membrane technologies for this...
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Towards application of uncertainty quantification procedure combined with experimental procedure for assessment of the accuracy of the DEM approach dedicated for granular flow modeling
PublikacjaThere is a high demand for accurate and fast numerical models for dense granular flows found in many industrial applications. Nevertheless, before numerical model can be used its need to be always validated against experimental data. During the validation, it is important to consider how the measurement data sets, as well as the numerical models, are affected by errors and uncertainties. In this study, the uncertainty quantification...
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Deep eutectic solvents – Ideal solution for clean air or hidden danger?
PublikacjaThe industrial sector is one of the fastest-growing sources of greenhouse gases, due to its excessive energy consumption to meet the rapidly growing demand for energy-intensive products. The use of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) has been studied extensively in order to cope with these harmful gases, but their usage can be an issue in respect to ecological reasons. Do deep eutectic solvents harm the atmosphere? Yes, these solvents...
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Distillery Fusel Oil as an Alternative Carbon Source for Denitrification – from Laboratory Experiments to Full-Scale Applications
PublikacjaIndustrial waste products may be a viable alternative to commercial external carbon sources, such as ethanol. In this study, the properties of fusel oil (distillery waste product) were investigated in terms of temperature dependency of denitrification, acclimation period, and the effects on NO2-N and PO4-P behavior. Furthermore, results obtained during three different full-scale trials were used to verify similarities and differences...
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Creating dynamic maps of noise threat using pl-grid infrastructure; materiały konferencyjne
PublikacjaThis paper presents functionality and operation results of the system for creating dynamic maps of noise thread with the use of the PL-Grid infrastructure integrated with distributed sensors network for measuring, modeling and rendering noise level distribution. The work presented provides a demonstration of the services being prepared within the PLGrid Plus project. Specific computational environments, so called domain grids,...