Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: HISTORIC STRUCTURES
-
Architectural expression in designing museums as places of remembrance
PublikacjaMuseums commemorating tragic historic events require the application of particular means of architectural expression. Both the form of the building, the interior design, lighting and materials and its surroundings became a part of the exhibition. In this article the narrative role of architectural components is discussed based on three museums located in different cultural and geographical areas. These are: the Nanjing Massacre...
-
Monitoring of a historic sacral building on an example Basilica St. Nicholas in Gdańsk
Publikacjahe paper describes the case of monitoring the technical condition of a historic sacral building after a failure and during renovation works. In order to monitor the condition of the building, safely conduct diagnostic work, identify the causes of failures andsafely carry out renovation works, a detailed Facility Monitoring Program has been developed, which has been implemented, is operational and is a source of valuable data used...
-
Pierwszy w Polsce Międzynarodowy Zabytek Inżynierii Budowlanej - most lisewski przez Wisłę w Tczewie
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono rys historyczny powstania pierwszego stałego mostu drogowo-kolejowego przez Wisłę w Tczewie (1857) oraz jego kolejnych przebudów (1911, 1939, 1945-1972, 2002). Na podstawie przeprowadzonej zabytkoznawczej analizy wartościującej to dzieło pruskiej inżynierii uzasadniono fakt nadania mu w 2004 r. statusu ''International historic civil engineering landmark'' przez American Society of Civil Engineers.
-
Teaching architectural history through virtual reality
PublikacjaThe impact of implementing 3D models and virtual reality in teaching the theory of architecture and architectural history is the theme of this article. Virtual reality and easy-to-use 3D tools allow a whole historic object to be visualised. As a result, there is social and economic pressure to modernise present educational methods using this technology. Therefore, the authors have focused their research on an issue of significance...
-
Polish waterfront in the process of transformation: The case of Elbląg port city
PublikacjaThe topic of waterfront transformation is a vast and challenging issue, which in small and medium-sized cities is still unexplored. With growing global interest in the matter of regeneration of city-water relationship and increasing public awareness of the value of waterfront public spaces, actions to transform abandoned waterfront areas have been undertaken in many Polish port cities. City of Elbląg, located in northern Poland,...
-
Sopot - is it possible to retain the unique image of the city?
PublikacjaSopot is the best-known seaside resort in Poland. The city is unique with regard not only to its location and natural values, but also its interesting architecture, which dates back to the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. The relic of that era is the largest in the country number of buildings characteristic for the Northern European seaside resorts. The architecture of historic Sopot is dominated by eclectic...
-
Ad hoc prayer spaces – a challenge of the architecture of the 21th century
PublikacjaThis article considers the problem of arranging places of prayer in the vicinity of universities and dormitories. A survey was conducted among students living in the dormitories of the Gdańsk University of Technology in order to determine if there was a real need to arrange such spaces. Subsequently, examples of temporary chapels designed in the last 20 years in Western European countries were presented. Analysis of the selected...
-
Strength parameters of masonry walls in modelling historic constructions
PublikacjaThe paper presents the determination of the basic material properties of a historic brickwork. Experimental studies were used to identify the basic material properties of bricks. The mechanical properties of the masonry, as an orthotropic homogenized material, were calculated. Then, numerical simulations using the Finite Element Method (FEM) were performed to verify the experimental outcomes. Macromodels with element sizes of 40,...
-
Potential Impact of Waterway Development on Cultural Landscape Values: The Case of the Lower Vistula
PublikacjaThe northern (“lower”) section of the Vistula is on the route of two international waterways—E70 and E40. However, the current condition of the riverbed prevents larger vessels from passing through. Plans for the waterway date back to the beginning of the 20th century. Following Poland’s ratification of the European Agreement on Main Inland Waterways of International Importance in 2017, the general concept has been transformed...
-
Re-use of historic wooden verandas in Sopot, Poland
PublikacjaSopot is the best-known seaside resort in Poland. The city is unique with regard not only to its location and natural values, but also its interesting architecture, which dates back to the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. Wooden verandas are one of the characteristic features of Sopot architecture. Their origin is associated with the Swiss style, which was fashionable at the turn of the 20th century and quite...
-
Post‐Second World War Reconstruction of Polish Cities: The Interplay Between Politics and Paradigms
PublikacjaBy the end of the Second World War, many of the Polish cities—and especially their historic centres—were in ruins. This was caused by both bombings and sieges conducted by the Nazis and Soviets. The particular group of cities is associated with former German lands—now called the “Recovered Territories”—which were incorporated into the borders of Poland as compensation for its Eastern Borderlands lost to the Soviet Union. These...
-
The (over)touristification of European historic cities: a relation between urban heritage and short-term rental market demand
PublikacjaIn this chapter, I wish to highlight the critical relationship between heritage management issues and building environment transformation. I argue that such a relationship is directly expressed through the tourism phenomenon, and it should be measured through the economic dimension of the short-term rental market, which introduces this rule of thumb: if there is a lack of demand, the brand of the city is weak; if there is too much...
-
IMPACT OF CAUSTICS ON ACOUSTICS OF WHISPERING GROTTOES IN THE OLIWA PARK IN GDAŃSK
PublikacjaIn the paper, caustics are discussed as ordered forms of focus broadening occurring in concave mirrors. An example of caustics created by the reflection of the light from the concave mirror is shown. Against this background, the possibility to observe caustics in rooms is pointed out. Special emphasis is put on large rooms of historic character, as such interiors frequently include acoustic mirrors in the form of arched vaults...
-
ANALYSIS OF THE LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY OF A HYDRODYNAMIC WATER-LUBRICATED BEARING IN A HYDROELECTRIC POwER PLANT
PublikacjaThe paper presents an analysis of the load-carrying capacity of a historic hydrodynamic water-lubricated radial bearing of an unconventional segment design installed in the Braniewo Hydroelectric Power Plant. The aim of the calculations was to determine whether the bearing operates in the conditions of hydrodynamic or mixed lubrication, as well as to establish the optimal geometry of the axial grooves allowing for the highest load-carrying...
-
The Caustic in the Acoustics of Historic Interiors
PublikacjaIn the paper, caustics are discussed as ordered forms of focus broadening occurring in concave mirrors. Presented are examples of caustics formed in natural conditions and application of the phenomenon in different fields of science and technology. Against this factual background, the possibility to observe caustics in rooms is pointed out. Special emphasis is put on large rooms of historic character, as such interiors frequently...
-
The difficult heritage. The reuse of former prison buildings
PublikacjaIn recent years, there has been a trend to reuse abandoned buildings. Adaptive re-use allows preservation of the original structure and implements a new function to it. Such activity could help to preserve the historic value of buildings; moreover, many other advantages can be found in educational, ecological and economic fields. However, the question arises of whether every object can be freely adapted. This article examines the...
-
Assessment of Wooden Beams from Historical Buildings Using Ultrasonic Transmission Tomography
PublikacjaThe main goal of this study was non-destructive evaluation of wooden elements using ultrasonic waves. The inspection was carried out on wooden beams from a historical object. Elastic wave signals were processed by ultrasonic transmission tomography to obtain imaging of the internal structure of tested elements without disturbing their state and integrity. The focus was on the influence of wood anisotropy on the propagation of ultrasonic...
-
Contemporary Architectural Design in the Context of Historic Remains: The Case of the Old City of Gdańsk
PublikacjaThis article presents several examples of modern developments designed to preserve and coexist with fragments of historic brick buildings. These building projects each faced a similar task; to save and display the historical urban fabric, but they differed significantly in how they chose to achieve that goal. Not all of the projects presented in this study meet the requirements of the Venice Charter equally well. In this field,...
-
Multi-Temporal Analysis of Changes of the Southern Part of the Baltic Sea Coast Using Aerial Remote Sensing Data
PublikacjaUnderstanding processes that affect changes in the coastal zone and the ability to predict these processes in the future depends on the period for which detailed monitoring is carried out and on the type of coast. This paper analyzes a southern fragment of the Baltic coast (30 km), where there has been no anthropogenic impact (Slowinski National Park). The study was carried out covering a time interval of 65 years. Historic and...
-
NUMERICAL MODELLING AND EXPERIMENTATION OF HISTORICAL CARPENTRY CORNER LOG JOINTS
PublikacjaThe main purpose of this research is to determine the stress distributions on the contact surfaces between the logs of the historical carpentry corner joints. The additional purpose is to compare the stress distribution for four different boundary conditions in the case of dry and wet pine wood. The paper presents the results of numerical analysis of the shortcorner dovetail connection and the saddle notch corner joint, which are...
-
Revitalization of Residential Buildings Dating Back to the Late19th and Early 20th Century on the Example of “Willa Halina” in Sopot (Poland)
PublikacjaResidential buildings dating back to the late 19th and early 20th century constitute an important element of the urban composition of many European cities, often determining their overall spatial expression. These buildings often require revitalization and sometimes also reconstruction or extension. Such activities make it possible to restore historical buildings to their former glory, but also to create new architecture, inscribed...
-
Zieleń miejska Gdyni okresu międzywojennego oraz problematyka jej zachowania = Urban greenery of Gdynia of interwar period and the issues of its retaining
PublikacjaURBAN GREENERY OF GDYNIA OF INTERWAR PERIOD AND THE ISSUES OF ITS RETAINING The subject of this article is the urban greenery arrangement in interwar Gdynia and the issues of its retaining after the II World War. The article will concern retaining the authenticity and integrity of the historic urban greenery of Gdynia, both greenery layouts and the plant material creating it. The author of the article will present in what...
-
The Impact of Ergonomic Guiding Principles on the Formation of Modern Monumental Art
PublikacjaCommemoration of historic events is now a commonplace phenomenon both in culture and in academic research. The phenomenon is linked to an increase in the representation of the visualisation of the past in public sphere, which in turn leads to reformulation of monumental art. Modern monuments are often spatial forms consisting both of sculpture installation and bigger constructions. In case of these realisations, the designers,...
-
Geographical and chronological knowledge in teaching the history of architecture
PublikacjaThe subject of this article is the analysis of examination results from the course, the History of Polish Architecture. These Bachelor studies present the political, economic and cultural issues of medieval and early modern architecture, and their changes over time. Basic knowledge of the administrative division and historical regions is needed for a proper understanding of the regional diversity of cultural heritage monuments...
-
Evaluating architecture students' knowledge of the history of architecture by tests and by drawings: a comparative analysis
PublikacjaThe methods of evaluating students’ knowledge in architectural education, and in particular in education on history of architecture, are specific in many respects. Apart from checking the general knowledge of history concerning chronology, artistic trends, styles, main objects and architects, it should also check students’ ability to analyse the historic architecture in a drawing form. Such a form of presenting architecture has...
-
Fortifications of Hel Peninsula in Poland – history, preservation and contemporary adaptation.
PublikacjaThe Hel Peninsula fortifications are one of the largest and most interesting historic coastal fortification complexes in Poland. Built from the 1930s until demilitarisation at the end of the Cold War, they are now one of the biggest tourist attractions of the region. The article attempts to describe the history of their development, current state and selected problems related to their protection and adaptation for touristic purposes....
-
Combination of terrestrial laser scanning and UAV photogrammetry for 3D modelling and degradation assessment of heritage building based on a lighting analysis: case study—St. Adalbert Church in Gdansk, Poland
PublikacjaThe construction of the St. Adalbert Church in Gdansk dates to 1310. It is a church of rich history and great historical value, and its care is challenging. In this study, the combination of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) was used to accurately build a 3D model of the church. Together with the collected historical inventory documentation, the historic building information model...
-
The role of isolated farmsteads in the open landscape protection on the example of Kashubia
PublikacjaAs a result of the social and economic transformation of rural areas, open landscapes are disappearing. Former farmsteads are being devastated or beginning to lose their landscape context due to the spread of residential building development. At the same time, in many places, the farmstead form is clearly legible and remains an element with which the view is structured and enriched. The article was aimed at drawing attention to...
-
Automatic Threat Detection for Historic Buildings in Dark Places Based on the Modified OptD Method
PublikacjaHistoric buildings, due to their architectural, cultural, and historical value, are the subject of preservation and conservatory works. Such operations are preceded by an inventory of the object. One of the tools that can be applied for such purposes is Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). This technology provides information about the position, reflection, and intensity values of individual points; thus, it allows for the creation...
-
Supporting study tours in the teaching of architectural heritage
PublikacjaStudy tours are a highly effective way to acquire knowledge. They improve students’ understanding of issues that otherwise may seem partly abstract to them. Presented in this article is the unique way in Poland in which support is given to the teaching of architectural heritage. It has been carried out continuously for almost 50 years in the Faculty of Architecture at Gdańsk University of Technology (FA-UT), Gdańsk, Poland, in...
-
Finite element modelling of a historic church structure in the context of a masonry damage analysis
PublikacjaThe paper includes a case study of modelling a real historic church using the finite element method (FEM) based on laser scans of its geometry. The main goal of the study was the analysis of the causes of cracking and crushing of masonry walls. An FEM model of the structure has been defined in ABAQUS. A non-linear dynamic explicit analysis with material model including damage plasticity has been performed. A homogenization procedure...
-
Impact of the glazed roof on acoustics of historic interiors
PublikacjaThe paper discusses the adverse acoustic phenomena occurring in the semi-open interiors (courtyards, yards) covered with a glass roof. Particularly negative is the rever-beration noise, which leads to the degradation of the utility functions of the resulting spaces. It involves the drastically reducing the intelligibility of speech, loss of natural sounding of music, problems with the sound system, as well as disturbances in the...
-
Analysis of The Behavior of Foundations of Historical Buildings
PublikacjaThe article is devoted to the analysis of the behavior of the foundations of historic buildings. Some basic aspects of foundation engineering are discussed, with an emphasis placed on its development, applied techniques, and materials. Several different approaches and methods for the analysis of foundations of historical buildings are presented. A particular analysis has been focused on an example of a typical stone foundation...
-
Analysis of the applicability of laser scanning to making an inventory of swimming pool facilities
Publikacja3D scanning can be used in many branches of economy, e.g. reverse and prototype engineering, industrial design, quality control, pros-thetics, orthodontics, archiving of historic objects and archeological findings, examination of a scene of crime, making films and comput-er games. The technology of terrestrial laser scanning has a bright fu-ture as we are living in the time of blooming measurement tech-niques, which can provide...
-
The role of analytical chemistry in the study of the Anthropocene
PublikacjaThe term “Anthropocene” refers to not yet formalized epoch of geologic time during which geologic processes have been dominated by the human impact. This impact takes on many forms. Biological, physical and chemical changes to the Earth System caused by anthropogenic activity are recorded in natural archives either as new fossil assemblages (neobiota), anthropogenic deposits or a wide variety of pollutants emitted to the environment....
-
An Island of Connectedness: Intra-Insular and Inter-Regional Communications of Rab Island (North-East Adriatic, Kvarner Gulf), Croatia
PublikacjaDrawing from archaeological data on Prehistoric and Roman settlement patterns, and respective sepulchral features, just as on later historic and cartographic sources, in this contribution it will be shown how movement along with mobility influenced on and were an integral part of settlement dynamics on the island of Rab (NE Adriatic, Croatia). The employed approach sees the practice of movement as dependent on specific social...
-
Architectural Heritage Virtual Models in Conservation Practice
PublikacjaThe article presents the issues concerning architectural heritage digital models’ applications in conservation practice. These considerations are discussed in the context of the commencement of creating virtual models regarding no-longer existing historical buildings in the first half of the 1980s. Such models’ applications and possible uses are analyzed within the adopted criteria that distinguish the following model types....
-
Vibration-Based Investigation of a Historic Bell Tower to Understand the Occurrence of Damage
PublikacjaABSTRACT The paper presents a survey of the historic Arch-cathedral bell tower in Vilnius induced by the appearance of cracks in the structure after a new bell system installation. An attempt is undertaken to identify the reason for the crack occurrence and to check a possible crack influence on global structural behaviour. The research is based on dynamic measurements made in the tower during ambient vibrations and during vibrations...
-
The Touristification of Italian Historic City Centres: The Lesson for Central Europe about the Airbnb Eruption
PublikacjaThe unparalleled scale of the recent growth in tourism – the rise of the number of temporary visitors – could not have emerged without the impact on other socio‑economic aspects, namely, a change on the part of the destinations. Especially historic city centres are vulnerable to such an impact that could be manifested through diverse transformations of public space usage, housing market economics, availability of services, employment...
-
Non-places in the centre of the historic Main Town in Gdansk? – Design Thinking as a method of solving problems in cities
PublikacjaThe interiors of reconstructed extensive blocks of the historic Main Town in Gdansk are nowadays degraded areas, full of cars, with “holes” after never-finished archaeological excavations. It is not surprising that inhabitants avoid them. These are NON-PLACES. This situation prompts social movements to act. The first step towards the change was the interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary project of revitalization of one of the...
-
STUDIES ON THE USE OF TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING IN THE MAINTENANCE OF BUILDINGS BELONGING TO THE CULTURAL HERITAGE
PublikacjaWithin the frames of the use of terrestrial laser scanning we find numerous examples of registration of building facilities, including also historical and valuable in their culture. In the case presented in this paper, at the root of the problem there is a preservation of the historic blacksmith’s forge located in Gdansk Orunia. The facility dating from the early nineteenth century was intended to repair involving the complete...
-
Studies on the use of terrestrial laser scanning in the maintenance of buildings belonging to the cultural heritage
PublikacjaWithin the frames of the use of terrestrial laser scanning we find numerous examples of registration of building facilities, including also historical and valuable in their culture. In the case presented in this paper, at the root of the problem there is a preservation of the historic blacksmith's forge located in Gdansk Orunia. The facility dating from the early nineteenth century was intended to repair involving the complete...
-
Relacje między przeszłością a teraźniejszością we współczesnych muzeach na przykładach New Acropolis Museum w Atenach i Neues Museum w Berlinie = Relations between past and present in contemporary museums illustrated by the New Acropolis Museum in Athens and the Neues Museum in Berlin
PublikacjaStreszczenie: Opracowanie dotyczy relacji pomiędzy dziedzictwem historycznym a nowoczesnością we współczesnych muzeach. Przytoczone przykłady to obiekty nowe, które powstały w unikalnym historycznym otoczeniu oraz odrestaurowane, o ważnym znaczeniu kulturowym. Współczesne możliwości techniczne, szczególnie nowoczesne technologie szkła oraz wykorzystanie technik cyfrowych w projektowaniu, pozwalają łączyć elementy i rozwiązania...
-
Gdańsk’s Cultural Heritage. The City Centre District and Municipal Historical Policy
PublikacjaThe current municipal historical policy of Gdańsk focuses on two major museum projects purported to be a unique embodiment of the city’s cultural heritage. Their underlying narrative, which is told from the European perspective, is based on two great events of the 20th century and seems to disregard the cultural heritage recorded in the urban structure of the city centre. However, it is precisely this urban structure that exerts...
-
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN POLAND - PIONEERS AND INSTITUTIONS
PublikacjaThe aim of this chapter is to show the history of biomedical engineering education in Poland, from the beginning till today with special task to underline the role of modern information technology. This story is not very old, just around one century, that may be classified into four basic periods related to important historic events. First are the beginnings before the second world war. Then post-war recovery and development of...
-
How to fund an additional secular function in the monumental church?
PublikacjaThe implementation of a new public function into the non-used church spaces like attics or cellars in context of revitalizing a lawfully protected historical city areas have diversified aspects. The article describes the financial aspect of adaptation of omitted spaces of monumental sacral buildings by presenting funding possibilities in the European Union countries available in period of 2017-2018 and the funds planned for the...
-
An incorporation of contemporary daylight assessment methods into architecture and urban planning of residential areas in Poland
PublikacjaThis paper presents the preliminary results of the ongoing research focusing on daylight design methods for the urban planning of residential areas in Poland. The purpose of this research is to find out if modern daylight performance metrics and design methods can be beneficial to the process of urban residential planning. The paper presents a review of daylight guidelines derived from historic, Polish building regulations. A summary...
-
Settlement of a historic building due to seepage-induced soil deformation
PublikacjaThe research paper reviews issues associated with the impact of groundwater flow on soil characteristics and parameters, hence, the entire structure of a building set on it. Water seepage through the ground, building subsoil or structural elements of buildings made of soil affects the soil skeleton and may lead to changes in the arrangement of individual grains relative to each other, i.e., a modified soil structure. Soil solid...
-
Educational and cognitive aspects of adaptation of nonuse spaces in monumental sacral objects.
PublikacjaThe area of attics and towers in historic churches in Europe are yet quite inaccessible places for visitors, shrouded in the atmosphere of mysticism, hiding many secrets. Introduction of the new public function into the non-used zones of the monumental sacral objects has many aspects including educational and cognitive ones which are discussed in the following article. The article indicates items that can be found in the zone above...
-
Layered Morphology of Gdansk: Past, Present and Future.
PublikacjaThis study aims to analyze the urban fabric and form of the city of Gdańsk based on the Muratorian and Italian school of urban morphology, to deepen the understanding of the morphological process of the urban fabric. It can be seen that the urban fabric of the city is a juxtaposition of all these layers, and based on Muratori’s approach these are indicative of not just the past, present but also the future. The study sample is...