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Visual method for detecting critical damage in railway contact strips
PublikacjaEnsuring an uninterrupted supply of power in the electric traction is vital for the safety of this important transport system. For this purpose, monitoring and diagnostics of the technical condition of the vehicle's power supply elements are becoming increasingly common. This paper presents a new visual method for detecting contact strip damage, based on measurement and analysis of the movement of the overhead contact line (OCL)...
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Effect of Different Structure Type Traffic On Railway Line Capacity
PublikacjaThe article points to methods of analyzing railway traffic conditions based on two parameters: capacity and delay of trains. The impact of the differentiated railway type structure on the capacity of the railway line was presented. Particular attention has been paid to the assessment of commonly used simplifications in analyzes.
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Electrochemical investigations on corosivity of de-icing liquids for railway infrastructure
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of electrochemical tests of the de-icing fluid for railway infrastructure. DC and AC electrochemical tests were performed to determine the corrosion rates of structural steel, cast iron and aluminium in the newly produced fluid. The results were compared with the corrosion rates of the same materials in the fluid without corrosion inhibitors. The obtained test results indicate a low corrosion risk...
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A Visual Method of Measuring Railway-Track Weed Infestation Level
PublikacjaThis paper concerns the assessment of railway track surface conditions in relation to the degree of weed infestation. The paper conceptually describes the proposed method using a visual system to analyse weed infestation level. The use of image analysis software for weed detection is also proposed. This new measurement method allows for a mobile assessment of the track’s weed infestation status. Validation of the assessment method...
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Dynamics of the small-span railway bridge under moving loads
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of dynamic analysis of the small-span railway bridge, subjected to an action of moving trains. Numerical simulations were performed using three different load models: series of moving forces, series of moving single-mass and double-mass oscillators. The parameters of the vehicle were taken from the existing EN57 train. The parameters of the bridge were taken from the existing steel span of 10,24 m...
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Dynamic analysis of the railway bridge span under moving loads
PublikacjaThe first part of this paper provides a review of the state of knowledge of the dynamic behaviour of railway bridges under moving loads. Particular attention is paid to developments in modelling railway bridge loading and dynamic vehicle-span (structure) interaction. The most important aspects determining the advancements in this area of knowledge are identified. The contemporary techniques for defining bridge span finite element...
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Correction of determined coordinates of railway tracks in mobile satellite measurements
PublikacjaThis article examines one of the basic issues related to the technique of mobile satellite measurements in railway tracks. This problem concerns the correction of the determined coordinates of the track centerline. The need to perform this operation results from the GNSS receivers positioning at a certain height above the level of the existing track axis, leading to longitudinal and lateral shifts of antennas. The key problem here...
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Modal analysis of railway current collectors using Autodesk Inventor
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of modal analysis of railway current collector type 160EC. In the first place, the analysis was carried out analytically for a simplified two lumped mass pantograph model. Then numerical analysis was conducted in the Autodesk Inventor (AI) on the prepared multibody model using the AI modal analysis algorithm, which is based on the finite element method (FEM). Model elements which are most relevant...
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Computer-aided reconstruction of the railway track axis geometrical shape
PublikacjaIn the paper a method of the railway track axis geometrical shape identification in a horizontal plane, directly from the continuous satellite measurements, is presented. In this method, an algorithm for the design of railway track sections located in the horizontal arc is used. The algorithm uses an analytical description of the layout by means of suitable mathematical formulas. The design procedure has a universal character and...
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Tiedao Xuebao/Journal of the China Railway Society
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Zhongguo Tiedao Kexue/China Railway Science
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Determining horizontal curvature of railway track axis in mobile satellite measurements
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Installation of GNSS receivers on a mobile railway platform – methodology and measurement aspects
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Tests on lateral resistance in railway track during operation of tamping machine
PublikacjaArtykuł prezentuje koncepcję prowadzenia badań oporów poprzecznych w trakcie procesu regulacji geometrycznej toru kolejowego za pomocą podbijarki. Jest to zatem kontynuacja badań nad zastosowaniem podbijarki torowej w diagnostyce toru bezstykowego; wcześniej zajmowano się kwestią określania sił podłużnych w szynach. Przedstawiono sposób wyznaczania oporów poprzecznych polegający na ciągłej rejestracji przemieszczenia oraz siły...
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Modelling of a 25 kV-50 Hz Railway Infrastructure for Harmonic Analysis
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The accuracy assessment of determining the axis of railway track basing on the satellite surveying
PublikacjaW 2009 roku na Politechnice Gdańskiej rozpoczęto badania nad wykorzystaniem serwisu pomiarów fazowych NAVGEO aktywnej sieci geodezyjnej ASG-EUPOS dla przeprowadzania ciągłych pomiarów przebiegu trasu kolejowej. Celem kontynuowanych badań jest próba oceny możliwości zastosowania pomiarów fazowych GNSS, realizowanych przez kilka odbiorników, dla projektowania oraz inwentaryzacji toru kolejowego. Do oceny dokładności określenia osi...
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Condition Monitoring of Metallized Polypropylene Film Capacitors in Railway Power Trains
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Load Test of Railway Viaduct Built Using Crosswise Launching Technology
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Optimization of using recuperative braking energy on a double-track railway line
PublikacjaIn the introduction, possible ways of reusing energy from recuperation are presented. Next, the paper investigates the possibility of using regenerative braking in the range allowed by the detailed timetable by adopting the method of transferring the recovered electric energy directly to the catenary and immediate use of this energy by another train at the same power section. In the main part of the work, it is shown, that the...
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Preparatory Railway Track Geometry Estimation Based on GNSS and IMU Systems
PublikacjaThe article discusses an important issue of railway line construction and maintenance, which fundamentally is the verification of geometric parameters of the railway track. For this purpose, mobile measurements have been performed using a measuring platform with two properly arranged GNSS receivers, which made it possible to determine the base vector of the platform. The measuring functionality of the system was extended by IMU....
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Novel method of estimation of inertial and dissipative parameters of a railway pantograph model
PublikacjaAn increase in electric railway vehicles service velocity requires that correct interaction between the pantograph and the catenary is ensured. This implies the need for developing mathematical models of pantographs and catenaries and determining their parameters. The article presents a method to determine parameters of mechanical joints of a railway pantograph based on analysis of pantograph subassemblies in swinging motion. The...
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Determining horizontal curvature of railway track axis in mobile satellite measurements
PublikacjaThe article discusses the applicability of a novel method to determine horizontal curvature of the railway track axis based on results of mobile satellite measurements. The method is based on inclination angle changes of a moving chord in the Cartesian coordinate system. In the presented case, the variant referred to as the method of two virtual chords is applied which consists in manoeuvring with only one GNSS (Global Navigation...
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The analytical design method of railway route’s main directions intersection area
PublikacjaThe paper presents a design method related to railway track sections situated in a bend. In the method advantage is taken of an analytical form of description by using appropriate mathematical formulae. This may becomeparticularly usefulwhen the investigations are based on the data obtained from mobile satellite measurements. In the paper attention is concentrated on an universal approach creating an opportunity to diversify the...
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Multi-Option Model of Railway Traffic Organization Including the Energy Recuperation
PublikacjaThe article presents the issue of organization of railway traffic within the station, taking into account energy recuperation. We identified a number of factors which affect the energy efficiency of recuperation, including the issue of transfer of energy technology between a few vehicles. We presented some aspects of the decision problem of graphic train timetable construction with regard to recuperation. As an indicator of quality...
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Installation of GNSS receivers on a mobile railway platform – methodology and measurement aspects
PublikacjaDetermining the course of a railway track axis using satellite methods relies on ensuring the precise assembly of GNSS receivers in dedicated measuring devices. Depending on the number of receivers, solutions that are based on placing the apparatus directly above the railway track axis (as well as in eccentric positions) are used to indirectly obtain data to form the basis of the desired results. This publication describes the...
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Storage electric multiple units on partially electrified suburban railway lines
PublikacjaThe paper presents possible environmental, energy and economical gains implied by replacing conventional traction vehicles with independent powered electric multiple units (IPEMU) on partially electrified suburban railways. IPEMUs can operate in two modes of power supply – using overhead catenary or onboard battery storage. Appropriate computer simulations were carried out in the Matlab program, indicating the parameters of storage...
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Assessment of Subsoil Subsidence Under the Railway Surface with the Use of Fuzzy Sets
PublikacjaThe cause of the subsidence of the railway track is the subsidence of the track bed itself and it is often related to the subsidence of the subsoil. Such settlement leads to: uneven longitudinal railways and track twist. These phenomena have a negative impact on the comfort and safety of driving, and in extreme cases lead to a train derailment. It has been shown that the magnitude of these settlements is determined by many parameters...
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Degradation of the Concrete Railway Track Bed Located in the Vicinity of the Loading Wharf
PublikacjaThe following article describes the damages of the concrete railway track bed at the place of unloading petroleum products located in the immediate vicinity of the cargo berth. The concrete of the track bed has been a subject to degradation as a result of many years of exploitation resulting, inter alia, in its cyclical flooding of petroleum products during the unloading and loading of rail tankers. Repairs carried out in the previous...
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Computer-aided evaluation of the railway track geometry on the basis of satellite measurements
PublikacjaIn recent years, all over the world there has been a period of intensive development of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) measurement techniques and their extension for the purpose of their applications in the field of surveying and navigation. Moreover, in many countries a rising trend in the development of rail transportation systems has been noticed. In this paper, a method of railway track geometry assessment based...
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Identification of transition curves in vehicular roads and railways
PublikacjaIn the paper attention is focused on the necessity to systematize the procedure for determining the shape of transition curves used in vehicular roads and railway routes. There has been presented a universal method of identifying curvature in transition curves by using differential equations. Curvature equations for such known forms of transition curves as clothoid, quartic parabola, the Bloss curve, cosinusoid and sinusoid, have...
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A new approach to determination of the two-mass model parameters of railway current collector
PublikacjaThe paper presents two mathematical models of railway current collectors both with two degrees of freedom. The first one, hereinafter Pantograph Articulated Model (PAM), has one degree of freedom in rotational motion and the second degree of freedom in translational motion. The second model, called henceforth as Pantograph Reference Model (PRM), has both degrees of freedom in translational motion. Differential equations of the...
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Urban Railway within the Linear Urban Structure: the Case Study of Perm, Russia
PublikacjaThe paper analyses the ten years’ experience of Perm to develop its system of the urban train trying to reveal the reasons for its modest performance and decline in the passenger traffic. The authors show how the Urban Train fits within the city urban structure and eval uate the potential of the Urban Train to become a feasible solution to the problem of connecting the periphery with the city centre. Furthermore,...
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Wavelet transform-based approach to defect identification in railway carbon contact strips.
PublikacjaPantographs of electric rail vehicles are fitted with carbon contact strips, which slide along the contact wire of catenary to provide constant electrical contact. Contact strips are exposed to wear and damages. Using damaged contact strips significantly increases the risk of catenary rupture. Therefore, their technical condition has to be inspected frequently. In previous work a 3D laser scanning system was proposed for recording...
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Verification of GNSS measurements of the railway track using standard techniques for determining coordinates
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Digital filtering of railway track coordinates in mobile multi-receiver GNSS measurements
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Assessment of Adjustment of GNSS Railway Measurements with Parameter-Binding Conditions in a Stationary Scenario
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Methods of mapping out the route contour of a railway line on the measured rail irregularities
PublikacjaStosowane obecnie toromierze elektroniczne wykorzystywane są przede wszystkim do pomiaru geometrii toru. Dane z pomiarów nierówności mogą być również wykorzystane w procesie projektowania regulacji toru (np. podczas usuwania dołków). W mongrafii przedstawiono metodę wyznaczenie profilu podłużnego linii kolejowej na podstawie pomierzonych nierówności pionowych. Wyznaczony w ten sposób profil w dalszym etapie wykorzystany by był...
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Optimizing the process of railway geometrical layout designing with multi-criteria assessment method
PublikacjaThe paper presents the main assumptions of the Multi-criteria assessment method used in process of upgrading the railway geometrical layout. The advantages of metaheuristic search were described. The criteria influencing the investment were defined. The fitness function used in the analysis was described. The example of using the optimization algorithm with the help of self developed computer software was described.
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Forecasting of railway track tamping based on settlement of sleepers using fuzzy logic
PublikacjaThe sleepers in a railway track transfer vertical, transverse and longitudinal loads to the track ballast and subgrade. The sleepers allow for keeping the distance between the rails constant. The thickness of ballast should be between 16 and 35 cm depending on the design standard of the track, and it should be densified where the ballast supports the sleeper. The exploitation causes contamination of the ballast, crushing the material...
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Modelling of Curvature of the Railway Track Geometrical Layout Using Particle Swarm Optimization
PublikacjaA method of railway track geometrical layout design, based on application of cubic C-Bezier curves for describing the layout curvature is presented in the article. The control points of a cubic C-Bezier curve are obtained in an optimization process carried out using Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. The optimization criteria are based on the evaluation of the dynamic interactions and satisfaction of geometrical design requirements.
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Assessment of Adjustment of GNSS Railway Measurements with Parameter-Binding Conditions in a Stationary Scenario
PublikacjaThe study aims to assess the applicability of the ordinary least squares method, robust estimation, and conditions-binded adjustment in processing the six synchronous coordinate pairs of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. The research is part of the research project InnoSatTrack, focused on the enhancement of the determination of geometrical parameters of railway tracks using GNSS, inertial, and other sensors....
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Verification of GNSS Measurements of the Railway Track Using Standard Techniques for Determining Coordinates
PublikacjaThe problem of the reproduction of the railway geometric layout in the global spatial system is currently solved in the form of measurements that use geodetic railway networks and also, in recent years, efficient methods of mobile positioning (mainly satellite and inert). The team of authors from the Gdańsk University of Technology and the Maritime University in Gdynia as part of the research project InnoSatTrack is looking for...
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A new approach to determination of the two-mass model parameters of railway current collector
PublikacjaThe paper presents two mathematical models of railway current collectors both with two degrees of freedom. The first one, hereinafter Pantograph Articulated Model (PAM), has one degree of freedom in rotational motion and the second degree of freedom in translational motion. The second model, called henceforth as Pantograph Reference Model (PRM), has both degrees of freedom in translational motion. Differential equations of the...
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Transport of dangerous goods by rail, and threats to the subsoil of the railway surface in the event of a disaster
PublikacjaIn Poland, in 2020, the mass of dangerous goods (loads) transported by rail was 26 151.06 thousand tone. This translated into the performance of 8 899 691.89 thousand tone - km of transport performance. In 2020, these figures accounted for 11.72% of the weight of goods transported by rail. The situation is similar in other countries around the world. With such a large volume of transport of dangerous...
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Digital Filtering of Railway Track Coordinates in Mobile Multi–Receiver GNSS Measurements
PublikacjaThe article discusses an important issue in connection with the technique of mobile Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements of railway track coordinates, which is digital filtering performed to precisely determine railway track axes. For this purpose, a measuring technique is proposed which bases on the use of a measuring platform with a number of appropriately distributed GNSS receivers, where two of them determine...
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An Algorithm for Optimizing the Determination of Cycling Routes on the Example of the Gdansk Agglomeration
PublikacjaPhysical activity is an essential part of a healthy lifestyle. One of the manifestations of the change in a society type from consumer to information one is the understanding of the importance of ecology and a healthy lifestyle. This is evident, inter alia, in the inventiveness and involvement of the society in the start-up and solutions referred to as the Smart City. One example is the development of e-bike rental and local investments...
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Supraglottic airway devices as a method of airway management in prehospital setting
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Effect of Pendolino high-speed rail on the structure of buildings located the proximity of the railway tracks
PublikacjaThe following research focuses on the dynamic analysis of the impact of the high-speed train inducted vibrations on the structures located near railway tracks. The office complex chosen as the subject of calculations is located in the northern part of Poland, in Gdańsk, in the proximity of Pendolino, the high speed train route. The high speed trains are the response for the growing needs for more efficient railway system. However...
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DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF HISTORIC RAILWAY BRIDGES IN POLAND IN THE CONTEXT OF ADJUSTING THEM TO PENDOLINO TRAINS
PublikacjaThe article presents the dynamic analysis of the historic railway bridge in Tczew as an example of the usefulness of such type of bridge for high-speed trains. The model of the bridge and the simulation of rolling stock passage was performed in SOFISTIK program. The scope of work includes experimental studies, the solution of the problem concerning the correct solution features dynamic model takes into account the dependencies...
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Algorithm for Automatic Wear Estimation of Railway Contact Strips Based on 3D Scanning Results
PublikacjaElectric rail vehicles use current collection system which consists of overhead contact line and a current collector (pantograph) mounted on the roof of a vehicle. A pantograph is equipped with contact strips, which slide along the contact wire, ensuring steady electric contact. Contact strips are made of carbon layer, fixed to an aluminum carrier. The carbon layer wears down due to friction. Using overly worn contact strips increases...