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Fabrication of exfoliated graphite reinforced silicone rubber composites - Mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties
PublikacjaThe effect of exfoliated graphite (EG) on the mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber (QM) composites has been systematically investigated and analysed. Morphological analysis of the composites helps to understand the interfacial interaction between the filler and the rubber matrix as well as wear mechanism respectively. An enhancement in the mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties was...
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Ground tire rubber functionalization as a promising approach for the production of sustainable adsorbents of environmental pollutants
PublikacjaWaste tires management and further utilization are currently one of the biggest concerns regarding the environment and human health protection. At present, shredding, grinding, or pulverization of waste tires are the most popular options for industrial recycling. Although many solutions for ground tire rubber (GTR) applications were checked and verified so far, their further implementation at an industrial scale is still very limited....
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Cellulose Nanofibers Isolated from the Cuscuta Reflexa Plant as a Green Reinforcement of Natural Rubber
PublikacjaIn the present work, we used the steam explosion method for the isolation of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) from Cuscuta reflexa, a parasitic plant commonly seen in Kerala and we evaluated its reinforcing efficiency in natural rubber (NR). Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques...
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Fabrication of exfoliated graphite reinforced silicone rubber composites - Mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties
PublikacjaThe effect of exfoliated graphite (EG) on the mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties of the silicone rubber (QM) composites has been systematically investigated and analysed. Morphological analysis of the composites helps to understand the interfacial interaction between the filler and the rubber matrix as well as wear mechanism respectively. An enhancement in the mechanical, tribological and dielectric properties was...
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Recycling of Waste Rubber by the Manufacturing of Foamed Polyurethane-Based Composites—Current State and Perspectives
PublikacjaWorn car tires are disruptive waste, and the issue of their management is crucial for the natural environment. In many countries, the primary method of end-of-life tires utilization is energy recovery. However, more effective and beneficial for the environment is material recycling. Using them for the production of polymer-rubber composites seems to be an auspicious direction of research. Incorporation of ground tire rubber into...
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Effect of ground tire rubber on structural, mechanical and thermal properties of flexible polyurethane foams
PublikacjaFlexible polyurethane foams were modified with two kinds of ground tire rubber, untreated and thermo-mechanically reclaimed. A reclamation process was performed in auto-thermal conditions, which reduced the cost of the process and decreased the environmental impact of devulcanization (e.g., emission of gases). The reclamation process was carried out in a continuous manner using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The foams were...
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Rigid polyurethane foams modified with ground tire rubber - mechanical, morphological and thermal studies
PublikacjaRigid polyurethane foams, prepared by a single step method, were modified with the two types of ground tire rubber particles, i.e. untreated and thermo-mechanically reclaimed by using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The foaming process as well as the structure and the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting foams were investigated. The presence of ground tire rubber decreased the velocity of polymerization....
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Beta-galactosidase activity of Meiothermus ruber cells
PublikacjaFreeze-dried cells of Meiothermus ruber catalyses cleavage of o-nitrophenyl-b-D-galactopiranoside (oNPb-gal) and conversion of lactose into glucose and galactose. The permeabilization with 2%toluene,20%ethanol and 20%acetone increased enzymatic activity from 74.87 U/g of lyophilized cells up to 129.44,114.38 and 90.19 U/g,respectively. Ethanol was an effective permeabilizing agent and its efficiency was dependent on the concentration,...
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Gene copy numbers of HER family in breast cancer
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Graphs with equal domination and 2-distance domination numbers
PublikacjaW publikacji scharakteryzowane są wszystkie te drzewa i grafy jednocykliczne, w których liczba dominowania oraz liczba 2-dominowania na odległość są sobie równe.
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On some ramsey and turan-type numbers for paths and cycles
PublikacjaUdowodniono, że R(P_3,C_k,C_k)= R(C_k,C_k)= 2k - 1, dla nieparzystych k. Udowodniono, że R(P_4,P_4,C_k) = k + 2 oraz R(P_3,P_5,C_k) = k + 1 dla k > 2.
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A note on the weakly convex and convex domination numbers of a torus
PublikacjaW pracy określone są liczby liczby dominowania i dominowania wypukłego torusów, czyli iloczynów kartezjańskich dwóch cykli.
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Domination numbers in graphs with removed edge or set of edges
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiony jest wpływ usuwania krawędzi lub zbioru krawędzi na liczby dominowania spójnego i słabo spójnego.
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The paired-domination and the upper paired-domination numbers of graphs
PublikacjaIn this paper we obtain the upper bound for the upper paired-domination number and we determine the extremal graphs achieving this bound. Moreover we determine the upper paired- domination number for cycles.
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Ramsey numbers for triangles versus almost-complete graphs.
PublikacjaPokazano, że w każdym krawędziowym pokolorowaniu dwoma kolorami grafu pełnego o 38 wierzchołkach występuje trójkąt w pierwszym kolorze lub podgraf izomorficzny z K_10 - e w drugim kolorze. Stąd otrzymujemy górne oszacowanie R(K_3, K_10 - e) <= 38. Przedstawiamy także pokolorowanie krawędziowe grafu K_36, którego istnienie dowodzi, że R(K_3, K_10 - e) >= 37.
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Cops, a fast robber and defensive domination on interval graphs
PublikacjaThe game of Cops and ∞-fast Robber is played by two players, one controlling c cops, the other one robber. The players alternate in turns: all the cops move at once to distance at most one each, the robber moves along any cop-free path. Cops win by sharing a vertex with the robber, the robber by avoiding capture indefinitely. The game was proposed with bounded robber speed by Fomin et al. in “Pursuing a fast robber on a graph”,...
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Investigation the effect of canted rudder on the roll damping of a twin-rudder ship
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Potential Alternative to Styrene–Butadiene–Styrene for Asphalt Modification Using Recycled Rubber–Plastic Blends
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Recycled polyethylene and crumb rubber composites modified asphalt with improved aging resistance and thermal stability
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Experimental investigations on the mechanical properties and damage detection of carbon nanotubes modified crumb rubber concrete
PublikacjaThis study presents a modified crumb rubber (MCR) concrete design mix reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), mechanical characterization, and cracking monitoring using the acoustic emission (AE) technique. The results showed that the bridging effect of MWCNTs and MCR in the concrete mix mitigated the shortcomings of MWCNT-MCR concrete and improved the flexural and compressive strengths by 18.3% and 26.5%, respectively,...
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Thermo-mechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber via extrusion at low temperature: Efficiency and limits
PublikacjaThermomechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber (GTR) was performed at different temperatures (60, 120, and 180°C) using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Obtained samples were used in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) blends. As reference samples, SBR compounds containing untreated GTR were used. Curing characteristics, static and dynamic mechanical properties, and morphology of the obtained blends were determined. The results...
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Morphology and properties of recycled polyethylene/ground tyre rubber/thermoplastic poly(ester-urethane) blends
PublikacjaThe growing amount of plastics waste produced every year resulted in development of mechanical and chemical recycling methods of polymers and their blends or composites. From the environmental point of view, the possibility of plastics waste reusing and recycling is desirable. In this study three polymer blends were obtained with using recycled polyethylene (RPE), ground tyre rubber (GTR) and thermoplastic poly(ester-urethane)...
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Synergistic Effects of Bitumen Plasticization and Microwave Treatment on Short-Term Devulcanization of Ground Tire Rubber
PublikacjaGround tire rubber (GTR) was mechano-chemically modified with road bitumen 160/220 and subsequently treated using a microwave radiation. The combined impact of bitumen 160/220 content and microwave treatment on short-term devulcanization of GTR was studied by thermal camera, wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WD-XRF), static headspace, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS), thermogravimetric analysis...
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Insights into Stoichiometry Adjustments Governing the Performance of Flexible Foamed Polyurethane/Ground Tire Rubber Composites
PublikacjaPolyurethanes (PU) are widely applied in the industry due to their tunable performance adjusted by changes in the isocyanate index—stoichiometric balance between isocyanate and hydroxyl groups. This balance is affected by the incorporation of modifiers of fillers into the PU matrix and is especially crucial for PU foams due to the additional role of isocyanates—foaming of the material. Despite the awareness of the issue underlined...
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High-density polyethylene/EPDM rubber blend composites of boron compounds for neutron shielding application
PublikacjaNovel materials with neutron shielding property were fabricated by incorporating boron compounds into highdensity polyethylene (HDPE)/Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) blends. A detailed investigation on the morphological, thermal, mechanical, and neutron attenuation properties of suitable proportion of HDPE/EPDM blend with boric acid (BA), boron carbide (BC), and nano boron carbide (NBC) were performed. Morphology...
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Grafting and reactive extrusion technologies for compatibilization of ground tyre rubber composites: Compounding, properties, and applications
PublikacjaChemical modification of ground tyre rubber (GTR) to compatibilize it with the matrix is a well-known approach. Based on our recent review of the surface etching methods used in GTR modification, the purpose of the current work is to take a deeper look into more advanced methods such as grafting and reactive extrusion. While grafting is more efficient in achieving compatibility, however, it usually involves multi-step synthesis...
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Effects of Basalt and Carbon Fillers on Fire Hazard, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of EPDM Rubber Composites
PublikacjaDue to growing restrictions on the use of halogenated flame retardant compounds, there is great research interest in the development of fillers that do not emit toxic compounds during thermal decomposition. Polymeric composite materials with reduced flammability are increasingly in demand. Here, we demonstrate that unmodified graphene and carbon nanotubes as well as basalt fibers or flakes can act as effective flame retardants...
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Waste printer ink as modifier for natural rubber/carbon black composites: No haste, use waste
PublikacjaFrom a sustainability perspective, achieving a greener future with a minimal carbon footprint requires maximizing waste materials' reuse. The four pillars of satisfying customer demands are processing, price, properties, and performance. Along with such a global policy, this work seeks to utilize waste printer ink (WPI) as a source of carbon in combination with low- and high-surface carbon black (LCB and HCB, respectively) additives...
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Eco-friendly modification of bitumen: The effects of rubber wastes and castor oil on the microstructure, processability and properties
PublikacjaThe bitumen industry in the European Union is facing several difficulties, including rising demand, unstable oil supply, rising prices for synthetic polymer modifiers, and a focus on lowering carbon footprint. Bitumen modification with crumb rubber (CR) is one of the most promising solution to these challenges. However, CR-modified bitumen have poor processability and low storage stability. To overcome these flaws we are introducing...
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Ground tire rubber thermo-mechanically devulcanized in the presence of waste engine oil as asphalt modifier
PublikacjaCross-linked elastomers network is main limitation for industrial usage of ground tire rubber (GTR) as asphalts’ and road pavements modifier. GTR was thermo-mechanically devulcanized via extrusion in the presence of waste engine oil (WEO) at temperature ranges from 150 to 280 °C. Combined impact of WEO content and extruder barrel temperature on the change of cross-linked structure of degraded GTR (DTGR) was investigated through...
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A comparative study on selective properties of Kraft lignin–natural rubber composites containing different plasticizers
PublikacjaEffect of plasticizer type on the kraft lignin–nat- ural rubber composite microstructure and selected proper- ties was determined. The composites were prepared with addition of a commonly used naphthenic oil plasticizer to study the decomposition product of polyurethane (glyc- erolysate) and its characteristics. Kraft lignin powder was incorporated into the natural rubber matrix in amounts of 10 and 40 parts per 100 parts of natural...
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Polyurethane/ground tire rubber composite foams based on polyglycerol: processing, mechanical and thermal properties
PublikacjaDuring the synthesis of rigid polyurethane foams, petrochemical polyol was substituted with polyglycerol, the product of thermo-catalytic polycondensation of waste glycerol, resulting from biodiesel production. Two types of ground tire rubbers, untreated and thermo-mechanically reclaimed, were used to obtain ‘‘green’’ polyurethane-polyglycerol composite foams. Samples were prepared by a single-step method for the ratio of NCO/OH...
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On trees with double domination number equal to 2-domination number plus one
PublikacjaA vertex of a graph is said to dominate itself and all of its neighbors. A subset D subseteq V(G) is a 2-dominating set of G if every vertex of V(G)D is dominated by at least two vertices of D, while it is a double dominating set of G if every vertex of G is dominated by at least two vertices of D. The 2-domination (double domination, respectively) number of a graph G is the minimum cardinality of a 2-dominating (double dominating,...
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On trees with double domination number equal to total domination number plus one
PublikacjaA total dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of G has a neighbor in D. A vertex of a graph is said to dominate itself and all of its neighbors. A double dominating set of a graph G is a set D of vertices of G such that every vertex of G is dominated by at least two vertices of D. The total (double, respectively) domination number of a graph G is the minimum cardinality of a total (double,...
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Trees with equal restrained domination and total restrained domination numbers
PublikacjaW publikacji scharakteryzowano wszystkie drzewa, w których liczby dominowania powściągniętego oraz podwójnie totalnego są sobie równe.
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On trees with equal domination and total outer-independent domination numbers
PublikacjaFor a graph G=(V,E), a subset D subseteq V(G) is a dominating set if every vertex of V(G)D has a neighbor in D, while it is a total outer-independent dominating set if every vertex of G has a neighbor in D, and the set V(G)D is independent. The domination (total outer-independent domination, respectively) number of G is the minimum cardinality of a dominating (total outer-independent dominating, respectively) set of G. We characterize...
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Effect of soil on the capacity of viscous dampers between adjacent buildings
PublikacjaThis study investigated the seismic pounding of two adjacent buildings considering soil–structure interaction (SSI). A comprehensive parametric study of buildings with different heights was performed to reveal the pounding-involved behaviour considering the soil effect. Wavelet transform has been conducted to gain insight into the differences in the frequency contents of the impact forces between fixed- and flexible-base adjacent...
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Zinc(II) complexation by some biologically relevant pH buffers
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Weakly convex and convex domination numbers of some products of graphs
PublikacjaIf $G=(V,E)$ is a simple connected graph and $a,b\in V$, then a shortest $(a-b)$ path is called a $(u-v)$-{\it geodesic}. A set $X\subseteq V$ is called {\it weakly convex} in $G$ if for every two vertices $a,b\in X$ exists $(a-b)$- geodesic whose all vertices belong to $X$. A set $X$ is {\it convex} in $G$ if for every $a,b\in X$ all vertices from every $(a-b)$-geodesic belong to $X$. The {\it weakly convex domination number}...
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Experimental study on effectiveness of polymer dampers in reduction of structural vibrations
PublikacjaVibrations of civil engineering structures, generated by dynamic loads, may be very dangerous to the structures themselves as well as may have significant influence on human perception and comfort. A number of different methods have been proposed in order to minimize such situations. This concern newly designed structures as well as those which dynamic properties have to be modified due to problems with excessive vibrations. One...
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Experimental study on the effectiveness of polymer dampers in reduction of structural vibrations
PublikacjaVibrations of civil engineering structures, generated by dynamic loads, may be very dangerous to the structures themselves as well as may have significant influence on human perception and comfort. A number of different methods have been proposed in order to minimize such situations. This concern newly designed structures as well as those which dynamic properties have to be modified due to problems with excessive vibrations. One...
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Pipelined division of signed numbers with the use of residue arithmetic in FPGA
PublikacjaAn architecture of a pipelined signed residue divider for small number ranges is presented. The divider makes use of the multiplicative division algorithm where initially the reciprocal of the divisor is calculated and subsequently multiplied by the dividend. The divisor represented in the signed binary form is used to compute the approximated reciprocal in the residue form by the table look-up. In order to reduce the needed length...
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Scaling of numbers in residue arithmetic with the flexible selection of scaling factor
PublikacjaA scaling technique of numbers in resudue arithmetic with the flexible selection of the scaling factor is presented. The required scaling factor can be selected from the set of moduli products of the Residue Number System (RNS) base. By permutation of moduli of the number system base it is possible to create many auxilliary Mixed-Radix Systems associated with the given RNS with respect to the base, but they have different sets...
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Estimation of a Stochastic Burgers' Equation Using an Ensemble Kalman Filter
PublikacjaIn this work, we consider a difficult problem of state estimation of nonlinear stochastic partial differential equations (SPDE) based on uncertain measurements. The presented solution uses the method of lines (MoL), which allows us to discretize a stochastic partial differential equation in a spatial dimension and represent it as a system of coupled continuous-time ordinary stochastic differential equations (SDE). For such a system...
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Meiothermus ruber cells as β-galactosidase activity biocatalyst
PublikacjaThe current study allowed to establish the possibility of using whole cells of thermophilic bacteria Meiothermus ruber as a biocatalyst with β-galactosidase activity. β-galactosidases are used for hydrolysis of lactose as well as for oligosaccharides synthesis. The advantages of using whole bacterial cells catalysis is not only elimination of tedious, expensive protein isolation and/or purification but also stabilization of enzymes...
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Tuber Quality
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Similarities and Differences Between the Vertex Cover Number and the Weakly Connected Domination Number of a Graph
PublikacjaA vertex cover of a graph G = (V, E) is a set X ⊂ V such that each edge of G is incident to at least one vertex of X. The ve cardinality of a vertex cover of G. A dominating set D ⊆ V is a weakly connected dominating set of G if the subgraph G[D]w = (N[D], Ew) weakly induced by D, is connected, where Ew is the set of all edges having at least one vertex in D. The weakly connected domination number γw(G) of G is the minimum cardinality...
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Modeling Online Buyers’ Preferences Related to Webpages Layout
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The impedance method of monitoring the degradation of rubber linings in applications where progressive deterioration is the predominant failure mechanism
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The Impact of Isocyanate Index and Filler Functionalities on the Performance of Flexible Foamed Polyurethane/Ground Tire Rubber Composites
PublikacjaThe structure and performance of polyurethane (PU) foams are strongly driven by the stoichiometry of the polyaddition reaction, quantitatively described by the isocyanate index. It determines the balance between isocyanate and hydroxyl groups in the reacting system and is affected by the introduction of additional functionalities originated, e.g., from applied fillers. Nevertheless, this issue is hardly taken into account in research...