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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: road incidents
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Numerical Analysis of TB32 Crash Tests for 4-cable Guardrail Barrier System Installed on the Horizontal Convex Curves of Road
PublikacjaHorizontal curves are one of the elements of road infrastructure where statistically a relatively high number of accidents have been reported. In the last ten years in Poland approx. 10% of all road accidents happened on horizontal curves of roads and was responsible for approx. 14% of all fatalities on Polish roads. Thus, this issue is important and requires extensive research and proper road safety treatments. One possible measure...
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A Survey of Vehicular Network Systems for Road Traffic Management
PublikacjaIn this survey, we analyze the proposals of vehicular communication systems in the context of road traffic management. Starting with the definition of communications between vehicles (V2V), vehicles-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicles-to-everything (V2X), we first focus on the requirements and current standards for the Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), including the maximum communication delay, the communication range and the...
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Acoustic Detector of Road Vehicles Based on Sound Intensity
PublikacjaA method of detecting and counting road vehicles using an acoustic sensor placed by the road is presented. The sensor measures sound intensity in two directions: parallel and perpendicular to the road. The sound intensity analysis performs acoustic event detection. A normalized position of the sound source is tracked and used to determine if the detected event is related to a moving vehicle and to establish the direction of movement....
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Geotechnical Properties of Phosphogypsum and Its Use in Road Engineering
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Testing the Weibull distribution in road traffic losses analysis
PublikacjaThe paper presents an attempt of applying the Weibull distribution for the purpose of analysing road traffic losses (fatalities). The question it asks is whether reliability engineering methods can be applied for the analyses. If this is the case, what should be the interpretation of the numbers and terms? It was assumed that the losses generated by a malfunctioning road transport system are fatalities. Risk exposure to these losses...
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Biological hazards in low noise, poroelastic road surfaces
PublikacjaDrainage pavements as well as poroelastic pavements ("PERS") are a very efficient way to decrease traffic noise by reducing tire/road noise at the source as well as noise propagation over the road surface. Many noise generating mechanisms at the tire/road interface are very much reduced by road porosity (pipe resonance, "air pumping", Helmholtz resonance and the horn effect). A well-designed porous or poroelastic road surface may...
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Regional Observatory as a Part of Road Safety Information System
PublikacjaEU experience clearly indicates that it is necessary to inform and motivate the public on road unsafety to undertake specific preventive efforts, as well as making road users feel responsible for the state of road safety and seek to improve this state gradually to protect their health and life. The implementation of the Warmia-Mazury Road Safety Observatory project will not only be an excellent addition to the activities carried...
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ROAD SAFETY MANAGEMENT TOOLS FOR COUNTRY STRATEGIC LEVEL
PublikacjaStrategic road safety programmes setting out long-term visions and road infrastructure development plans must be based on road safety forecasts and an understanding of the long-term impact of different measures on road safety. The objective of this paper is to discuss a concept of road safety management for an area of a selected country because there are no simple tools of road safety management for the development and implementation...
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ROAD SAFETY WITHIN THE "INTEGRATED SYSTEM OF TRANSPORT SAFETY"
PublikacjaThe concept of the “Integrated System of Transport Safety” in Poland is a novel solution, built upon the best practices available from only a handful of countries in the world. In the last few decades, the extent of applying integrated transport safety systems to improve transport safety systems has varied; nevertheless, studying the experience of the safest countries in the world we can say that enormous progress has been achieved...
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Speed monitoring and management in national road safety program
PublikacjaW referacie przedstawiono system długoterminowych badań prędkości pojazdów umozliwiający śledzenie ich zmian. Zmiany te są analizowane w powiązaniu z wdrażanymi środkami nadzoru oraz edukacyjnymi oddziaływaniami na uczestników ruchu, a także ze zmianami infrastruktury drogowej. Podano też ogólne zalecenia do programu GAMBIT 2005, wynikające z dotychczasowych badań prędkości.
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Implementation of road safety programmes in Polish regions and poviats
PublikacjaZarządzanie bezpieczeństwem ruchu jest słabą stroną zarządzania drogami i ruchem drogowym w Polsce. W referacie przedstawiono sposób usystematyzowanego podejścia do struktury i organizacji takiego zarządzania bazując w tym na dotychczasowym doświadczeniu uzyskanym przy tworzeniu regionalnych programów poprawy brd w Polsce.
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Modernization of the Trailer for Tyre/Road Rolling Resistance Measurements
PublikacjaIn the article the ways of defining tyre rolling resistance are presented. The advantages of the laboratory tests of tyre/road rolling resistance and the advantages and disadvantages of on the road tyre/road rolling resistance tests are described. The description of the special trailer used for tyre/road rolling resistance measurements designed and constructed in the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at Gdansk University of Technology,...
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Regional observatory as a part of road safety information system
PublikacjaEU experience clearly indicates that it is necessary to inform and motivate the public on road unsafety to undertake specific preventive efforts, as well as making road users feel responsible for the state of road safety and seek to improve this state gradually to protect their health and life. The implementation of the Warmia-Mazury Road Safety Observatory project will not only be an excellent addition to the activities carried...
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Problems of construction projects regarding historic road bridges
PublikacjaThe paper describe the comparison of different approaches to reconstruction and the problems in the selection of implementation for a historic bridge over the Vistula River in Tczew. A compromise reconstruction is shown, taking technical, historical and aesthetic aspects into account, as well as needs of the local community.
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Temperature influence on tyre/road noise of selected tyres
PublikacjaAir and road temperatures substantially affect road vehicle noise emission. The temperature influence on tyre/road noise depends mainly on tyre-road combination. It is different for dense and porous pavements, for bituminous and cement ones. It differs also depending on tyres. The correction procedures for temperature effect are still under consideration and preparation. Tyre/road noise measurements using CPX method were performed...
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Tools for road infrastructure safety management – Polish experiences
PublikacjaThe objective of road safety infrastructure management is to ensure that when roads are planned, designed, built and used road risks can be systematically identified, assessed, removed and mitigated. There are a number of approaches to road safety management. European Union Directive 2008/96/EC requires EU member states to use four basic tools of road safety infrastructure management. An overview of the methods in these countries...
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Influence of Road Wetness on Tire-Pavement Rolling Resistance
PublikacjaRolling resistance of tires is one of the most important factors influencing energy consumption of road vehicles, especially on rural roads. For practical reasons, most of rolling resistance measurements are usually performed for dry road conditions. Based on the fact that roads are wet during a considerable time over the year and as part of the projects MIRIAM, ROLRES and ROSANNE, the TUG (Technical University of Gdańsk) in Poland...
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Road Restraint Systems as a Basis for Roadside Safety Improvement
PublikacjaRoadside-related crashes occur when vehicles run off the road. The majority of the crashes have severe outcomes, especially when an object is hit (tree, pole, supports, front wall of a culvert, barrier). These accidents represent app. 19% of all of Poland's road deaths. Roadside crashes involve: hitting a tree, hitting a barrier, hitting a sign or utility pole, vehicle roll-over on the roadside, vehicle roll-over on a slope and...
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Speed dependency of temperature effects on road traffic noise
PublikacjaRecently, a new literature review on the influence of temperature on tire/road noise became available, based on a compilation of large amounts of data from empirical research. This review showed that the effect of temperature is roughly double of that previously assumed and taken account of in international standards. This makes temperature one of the main sources of error in measurement results. Furthermore, it suggested that...
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Temperature influence on tyre/road noise frequency spectra
PublikacjaThe correction for temperature effect on measured tyre/road noise is very important as it may be one of the main sources of errors in measurement results due to substantial influence of this parameter on obtained values. The latest version of the Technical Specification ISO/CD TS 13471-1 about Temperature Corrections contains a proposal of correction procedure for normalizing measured noise levels to a reference air temperature...
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The use of GIS tools for road infrastructure safety management
PublikacjaThere are many factors that influence accidents and their severity. They can be grouped within the system of man, vehicle and environment. The article focuses on how GIS tools can be used to manage road infrastructure safety. To ensure a better understanding and identification of road factors, GIS tools help with the acquisition of road parameter data. Their other role is helping with a clear and effective presentation of risk...
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Detection of Water on Road Surface with Acoustic Vector Sensor
PublikacjaThis paper presents a new approach to detecting the presence of water on a road surface, employing an acoustic vector sensor. The proposed method is based on sound intensity analysis in the frequency domain. Acoustic events, representing road vehicles, are detected in the sound intensity signals. The direction of the incoming sound is calculated for the individual spectral components of the intensity signal, and the components...
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The Belt and Road Initiative and export variety: 1996–2019
PublikacjaThis study examines the association between the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and export variety (EV). We propose three hypotheses on how BRI may foster export markets (destinations) or export product lines. The estimates are based on a dataset constructed specifically for this analysis, covering 183 countries and linked with trade data from 1996 to 2019. We apply the instrumental variable (IV) approach in regressions for covering the...
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Functionality of road safety devices - identification and analysis of factors
PublikacjaRoad safety devices are designed to protect road users from the risk of injury or death. The principal type of restraint is the safety barrier. Deployed on sites with the highest risk of run-off-road accidents, safety barriers are mostly found on bridges, flyovers, central reservations, and on road edges which have fixed obstacles next to them. If properly designed and installed, safety barriers just as other road safety devices,...
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The guidelines and principles for planning and design of road restraint systems
PublikacjaThe project RID 3A Road Safety Equipment (RoSE) implemented by the Gdansk University of Technology within the RID programme, aims to conduct a comprehensive study and analyses of different vehicle containment systems (PN-EN 1317) and types of support structures (PN-EN 12767) and their performance. Within the project an analysis will be conducted of available research reports...
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Impact of ITS services on the safety and efficiency of road traffic
PublikacjaThis paper describes the project entitled: “Impact of the use of Intelligent Transport Systems on the level of road safety” (agreement no. DZP/RID-I-41/7/NCBR/2016), implemented as part of the Road Innovations Development (RID) programme, funded by the National Centre for Research and Development and the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways (GDDKiA). The project is run by a consortium comprising the Motor Transport...
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Testing the durability and function of road traffic management devices
PublikacjaTraffic management measures (vertical signs and horizontal marking, reflective elements) are used for guiding vehicles optically, indicating road mileage, marking objects in road gauge, marking vehicle and pedestrian safeguards and driver information and warning. This paper presents a synthesis of a literature study and the results of research conducted under stage one of the project LifeRoSE. The requirements for different traffic...
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Searching for road deformations using mobile laser scanning
PublikacjaMillions of people use roads every day all over the world. Roads, like many other structures, have an estimated durability. In Poland a lot of the roads were built at the turn of the 20th and 21st c., especially for light cars. Many of these roads carry traffic and heavy goods vehicles which were not predicted when the traffic was first estimated. It creates a lot of problems with technical conditions and the infrastructure must...
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Community Road Safety Strategies in the Context of Sustainable Mobility
PublikacjaThe paper presents an overview on the road safety strategies and action plans implemented in the framework of the “SOL - Save our lives: Comprehensive road safety strategy for Central Europe” project. It contains summarization of learned knowledge regarding the efficiency of measures applied and highlights examples of good practices. The purpose of the paper is to provide recommendations for effective and successful planning, formulation...
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Sound quality metrics applied to road noise evaluation
PublikacjaRoad noise monitoring systems typically measure sound levels in specific time periods. The more insightful approach suggests to measure also the nature of noise. Sound quality of sounds such as car noise can be objectively evaluated by several parameters. One of them is psychoacoustic annoyance, described by loudness, tone color, and the temporal structure of sound. In this paper the assessment of several sound quality parameters, such...
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Studying road restraint systems to develop new guidelines
PublikacjaThe paper will present a proposed approach to such work along with preliminary results of numerical studies for selected problems using road safety devices such as safety barriers on horizontal curves, the effect of kerbs on bridges or the location of obstacles within the barrier’s working width. The paper will discuss assumptions to a methodology of numerical models, calculations and automated processing of data to help with assessing...
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The influence of road surface unevenness on tyre rolling resistance
PublikacjaThe geometric characteristics of road surface substantially affect the interaction between tyre and road. Depending on pavement texture wavelength, the texture chiefly affects tyre/road friction, rolling resistance, interior and exterior noise, tyre wear, and ride comfort. The article presents results of investigations on the influence of road surface unevenness on the rolling resistance of passenger car and truck tyres. The tests...
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TB11 test for short w-beam road barrier
PublikacjaFEM (Finite Element Method) is well-suited and widely used tool for simulating a range of phenomena: from these with simple and static behaviour, up to those complicated, highly nonlinear and involving many contacts. In present paper we use one of the advantages of FEM: parametric study could be easily performed and is more economical than series of in-situ tests. If recommended practices is carefully followed, results obtained...
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Injury Prediction Models for Onshore Road Network Development
PublikacjaIntegrating different modes of transport (road, rail, air and water) is important for port cities. To accommodate this need, new transport hubs must be built such as airports or sea ports. If ports are to grow, they must be accessible, a feature which is best achieved by building new roads, including fast roads. Poland must develop a network of fast roads that will provide good access to ports. What is equally important is to upgrade...
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No-Wait & No-Idle Open Shop Minimum Makespan Scheduling with Bioperational Jobs
PublikacjaIn the open shop scheduling with bioperational jobs each job consists of two unit operations with a delay between the end of the first operation and the beginning of the second one. No-wait requirement enforces that the delay between operations is equal to 0. No-idle means that there is no idle time on any machine. We model this problem by the interval incidentor (1, 1)-coloring (IIR(1, 1)-coloring) of a graph with the minimum...
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Driver influence on tyre/road noise generated by vehicle in road traffic.Wpływ kierowcy na hałas generowany przez pojazd w ruchu drogowym.
PublikacjaW pracy omówiono wkływ stylu jazdy kierowcy oraz stanu technicznego wybranych zespołów pojazdu na jego hałas generowany w ruchu drogowym. Wpływ został przeanalizowany w aspekcie takich parametrów, jak: prędkość jazdy, obciążenie kół siłami wzdłużnumi i poprzecznymi, ciśnienie w ogumieniu, obciążenie pionowe kół, zbieżność i inne.
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Statistical process control in software project management : a way to transfer single incident-related knowledge into organizational knowledge
PublikacjaZaproponowano statystyczne podejście do procesu kontroli zarządzania projektami informatycznymi. Przedstawiono sposób zamiany wiedzy incydentalnej na wiedzę organizacyjną.
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An analysis of the causes and consequences of firefighters’ accidents at work in the State Fire Service in 2010 – 2016
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Determination of collision criteria and causation factors appropriate to a model for estimating the probability of maritime accidents
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Incidence and Clinical Course of Respiratory Viral Coinfections in Children Aged 0–59 Months
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Analysis of road accident causes in the voivodships in the years 2014-2021 in the aspect of socio-economic costs – towards the implementation of sustainable development
PublikacjaThe article addresses the topic of road safety. The objective of the research was to assess road accidents caused by voivodships. The analysis took account of the socio-economic differences in the voivodships, which deter-mine the unit costs of fatalities and injuries. A descriptive analysis is given to show the dynamics of changes in the years 2014-2021 in the voivodships and how different factors influenced change. The article...
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Selective monitoring of noise emitted by vehicles involved in road traffic
PublikacjaAn acoustic intensity probe was developed measures the sound intensity in three orthogonal directions, making possible to calculate the azimuth and elevation angles, describing the sound source position. The acoustic sensor is made in the form of a cube with a side of 10 mm, on the inner surfaces of which the digital MEMS microphones are mounted. The algorithm works in two stages. The first stage is based on the analysis of sound...
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Estimation of Average Speed of Road Vehicles by Sound Intensity Analysis
PublikacjaConstant monitoring of road traffic is important part of modern smart city systems. The proposed method estimates average speed of road vehicles in the observation period, using a passive acoustic vector sensor. Speed estimation based on sound intensity analysis is a novel approach to the described problem. Sound intensity in two orthogonal axes is measured with a sensor placed alongside the road. Position of the apparent sound...
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Application of the LifeRoSE method in funcionality evaluation of road safety equipment
PublikacjaThe article presents a mathematical model of the life cycle estimation method of road safety equipment. Then the model was adjusted to estimate the life cycle costs of the chosen horizontal road marking. Using the LCC method, the functionality of the horizontal marking was evaluated in terms of efficiency, durability and economic effectiveness. The article also presents the impact of selected factors on the life cycle costs of...
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India’s ‘Neighbourhood First’ policy and the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI)
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Preparation and implementation of the National Road Safety Programme GAMBIT 2005
PublikacjaKrajowy Program BRD GAMBIT 2005 jest spójny z najwazniejszymi dokumentami dotyczącymi rozwoju systemu transportu w Polsce (Polityka Transportowa, Strategia Rozwoju Transportu). Jest też spójny z III Planem BRD Unii Europejskiej. Program ten daje możliwość zintensyfikowania działań prewencyjnych, prowadzonych w celu ochrony zycia i zdrowia uczestników ruchu drogowego. Efektem tego programu będzie uratowanie życia kilkunastu tysiącom...
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Impact of the surface evenness and texture on tire/road rolling resistance
PublikacjaThis paper deals with the issue of a surface's roughness and texture impact on tire/road rolling resistance. It includes a brief description of research aims, measurements and an analysis of results. It also presents observations and conclusions regarding drum facility modernisation which allows studies concerning surface's roughness and texture impact on tire/road rolling resistance.
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Modelling selected road safety measures at the regional level in Europe
PublikacjaRegions are Europe’s basic levels of management. The literature was reviewed to identify regional safety analyses and some of the factors that are important for road safety in the regions. Next, data were collected atthe regional NUTS 2 level in Europe for the years 1999-2008. An analysis of the data helped identify f actors which have the strongest bearing on fatalities and other safety measures. This paper presents the initial...
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MODEL OF MULTILEVEL STOCHASTIC ANALYSIS OF ROAD SAFETY ON REGIONAL LEVEL
PublikacjaIn this paper multilevel approach to the issue of road safety level on the road network of European regions, classified as NUTS 2 in statistical databases of the European Union, has been presented. Following the pattern of many publications on road safety it has been assumed that the risk calculated as the number of death casualties in road accidents per 100,000 inhabitants of a given region has Poisson distribution. Therefore,...
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Reduction of Tire Rolling Resistance by Optimization of Road Surfaces and Tires
PublikacjaDuring interaction between tire and road surface three very important phenomena are always in effect. One of them (very desirable) is friction that is important for traction, braking and cornering. Two other phenomena are not desirable at all, that is rolling resistance and noise. This paper discusses relations between road surface and tire parameters versus tire rolling resistance. Road surface texture, porosity, impedance, strength...