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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: ctivated carbon
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Assessment of Hepatoprotective Effect of Chokeberry Juice in Rats Treated Chronically with Carbon Tetrachloride
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Towards Carbon Neutral Settlements. The Importance of Early-Stage Urban and Energetic Optimizations
PublikacjaThe aim of the research was to verify the essence of interdisciplinary energy optimizations in earlystage urban design process. A further aim was to the find most optimal design variant and scenario in terms of urban energy efficiency for the future development in Nowy Port, located in Gdansk, Poland - a place requiring complex revitalization. The research combined qualitative and quantitative approaches; an urban design layer...
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Negative carbon dioxide gas power plant integrated with gasification of sewage sludge
PublikacjaOne of the primary objectives of the negative carbon dioxide gas power plant (nCO2PP) is to develop an innovative technology confirming the possibility of the use of sewage sludge to produce electricity while having a positive impact on the environment. In this paper, a mathematical model is presented to estimate thermodynamic parameters of the system in relation to the gasification process and changes in such parameters in the...
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Diamondized carbon nanoarchitectures as electrocatalytic material for sulfate-based oxidizing species electrogeneration
PublikacjaThe introduction of nanotechnology seems to be an imperative factor to intensify the synergic effects of electrocatalytic materials to produce strong oxidant species or to increase the active sites on their surfaces as well as to enhance the conversion yield in a fuel cell, high-added value products, electrolytic treatment for environmental protection or the detection limit in electroanalysis. Recently, a new type of 3D-diamond...
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Enzyme-linked carbon nanotubes as biocatalytic tools to degrade and mitigate environmental pollutants
PublikacjaA wide array of organic compounds have been recognized as pollutants of high concern due to their controlled or uncontrolled presence in environmental matrices. The persistent prevalence of diverse organic pollutants, including pharmaceutical compounds, phenolic compounds, synthetic dyes, and other hazardous substances, necessitates robust measures for their practical and sustainable removal from water bodies. Several bioremediation and...
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Impact of trajectory simplification methods on modeling carbon dioxide emissions from ships
PublikacjaModels of ship fuel consumption and emissions play an essential role in estimating global shipping’s greenhouse gas emissions. They are also widely used for verification of reported CO2 emissions for systems like EU MRV (Monitoring, Reporting and Verification) or IMO DCS (Data Collection System). Such models achieve high accuracy using historical spatiotemporal information about each ship from AIS data. However, this approach requires substantial...
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Comparison of the Effects of Conventional and Alternative External Carbon Sources for Enhancing of the Denitrification Process
PublikacjaFood industry effluents are considered a potential alternative for methanol when seeking external carbon sources to enhance denitrification in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The aim of this study was to determine the immediate effects of dosing different carbon sources on the denitrification capability of process biomass from the "Wschod" WWTP in Gdansk (northern Poland). Five carbon sources, including settled wastewater,...
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Use of imidazolium ionic liquids for carbon dioxide separation from gas mixtures
PublikacjaNowoczesnym podejściem do separacji tlenku węgla (IV) z mieszanin gazowych jest zastosowanie cieczy jonowych jako materiału absorpcyjnego. Niemierzalna prężność par i możliwość modyfikacji budowy kationu i wyboru anionu cieczy jonowych sprawiają, że związki te mogą zastąpić obecnie stosowane aminy. Przedstawiono wpływ struktury chemicznej cieczy jonowych, ciśnienia oraz temperatury na efektywność absorpcji CO2 i innych gazów w...
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Carbon dioxide photoconversion. The effect of titanium dioxide immobilization conditions and photocatalyst type.
PublikacjaBadanie efektywności procesu fotokonwersji CO2 prowadzono w fazie gazowej w obecności promieniowania UV-Vis, pary wodnej oraz fotokatalizatorów. Zbadano wpływ wybranych parametrów tj. masa, temperatura i czas suszenia fotokatalizatora oraz rodzaj nośnika na efektywność procesu fotokonwersji. Wyznaczono optymalne parametry prowadzenia procesu oraz przedstawiono wstępne wyniki badań w obecności fotokatalizatorów modyfikowanych nanoczastkami...
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Carbon Nanotubes Chemically Derivatize with Redox Systems as Mediators for Biofel Cell Applicatoions
PublikacjaEnzymatyczne bioogniwa paliwowe to urządzenia wykorzystujące enzymy do przemiany energii chemicznej w elektryczną. Zyskana w ten sposób energia może służyć do zasilania wszczepialnych urządzeń (np. czujników glukozy, rozruszników serca).Przedstawiono sposób otrzymywania i właściwości bioelektrod, w których wykorzystano nanorurki węglowe modyfikowane mediatorami enzymatycznych reakcji redoks. Do nanorurek przyłączano zarówno mediatory...
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Distillery Wastes as External Carbon Sources for Denitrification in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad zastosowaniem półproduktów oraz produktów odpadowych z gorzelni i destylarni, jako potencjalne źródło zewnętrznego węgla organicznego w celu poprawy denitryfikacji w systemach z biologicznym usuwaniem związków biogennych. W celu porównania efektywności trzech badanych substancji (oleje fuzlowe, odcieki i syrop) wykonano testy na szybkość redukcji azotanów (z ang. NUR) oraz szybkość zużycia...
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Distillery Wastes as External Carbon Sources for Denitrification in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
PublikacjaIn order to improve efficiency of N removal within the existing capacities, the denitrification process can be enhanced by adding external carbon sources. The studies on utilization of various by-products or waste materials as alternative carbon sources for denitrification have been carried out for over 20 years (Sage et al. 2006). Among several commercially available organic compounds (such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, glucose),...
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Carbon nanotubes chemically derivatized with rebox systems as mediators for biofuel cell applications
PublikacjaEnzymatyczne bioogniwa paliwowe to urządzenia wykorzystujące enzymy do przemiany energii chemicznej w elektryczną. Zyskana w ten sposób energia może służyć do zasilania wszczepialnych urządzeń (np. czujników glukozy, rozruszników serca).Przedstawiono sposób otrzymywania i właściwości bioelektrod, w których wykorzystano nanorurki węglowe modyfikowane mediatorami enzymatycznych reakcji redoks. Do nanorurek przyłączano zarówno mediatory...
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Derivatization of single-walled carbon nanotubes with redox mediator biocatalytic oxygen electrodes
PublikacjaSingle-walled carbon nanotubes were covalently modyfied with a redox mediator derived from 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazole)-6-sulfonic acid.
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Modeling N2O behavior during denitrification with different carbon sources and electron acceptors
PublikacjaA mathematical model was developed for identification of the most important mechanism leading to nitrous oxide (N2O) accumulation in denitrifying activated sludge systems. The activated sludge model No. 2d (ASM2d) was extended to include intermediate three steps of the denitrification process. The formation and accumulation of nitric oxide (NO) was assumed to be very low in the performed laboratory experiments. These experiments...
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Spray deposited carbon nanotubes counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells
PublikacjaCarbon nanotubes due to their catalytic properties are a promising alternative to platinum counter electrodes (CE) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). In this study, counter electrodes were made from double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT) ink using the spray printing technique and afterwards thermally treated at temperatures ranging from 120 to 300 °C. Morphology and structure was studied using scanning electron microscopy and...
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Distillery Wastes as External Carbon Sources for Denitrification in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad zastosowaniem półproduktów oraz produktów odpadowych z gorzelni i destylarni, jako potencjalne źródło zewnętrznego węgla organicznego w celu poprawy denitryfikacji w systemach z biologicznym usuwaniem związków biogennych. W celu porównania efektywności trzech badanych substancji (oleje fuzlowe, odcieki i syrop) wykonano testy na szybkość redukcji azotanów (z ang. NUR) oraz szybkość zużycia...
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Carbon Nanotubes Chemically Derivatized with Redox Systems as Mediators for Biofuel Cell Applications
PublikacjaEnzymatyczne bioogniwa paliwowe to urządzenia wykorzystujące enzymy do przemiany energii chemicznej w elektryczną. Zyskana w ten sposób energia może służyć do zasilania wszczepialnych urządzeń (np. czujników glukozy, rozruszników serca). Przedstawiono sposób otrzymywania i właściwości bioelektrod, w których wykorzystano nanorurki węglowe modyfikowane mediatorami enzymatycznych reakcji redoks. Do nanorurek przyłączano zarówno mediatory...
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Spray-deposited carbon-nanotube counter-electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells
PublikacjaCarbon nanotubes due to their catalytic properties are a promising alternative to platinum counter electrodes (CE) for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). In this study, counter electrodes were made from double-walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT) ink using the spray printing technique and afterwards they were thermally treated at temperatures ranging from 120 to 300 °C. Morphology and structure was studied using scanning electron microscopy...
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Wavelet transform-based approach to defect identification in railway carbon contact strips.
PublikacjaPantographs of electric rail vehicles are fitted with carbon contact strips, which slide along the contact wire of catenary to provide constant electrical contact. Contact strips are exposed to wear and damages. Using damaged contact strips significantly increases the risk of catenary rupture. Therefore, their technical condition has to be inspected frequently. In previous work a 3D laser scanning system was proposed for recording...
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Lignin-based carbon fibers for renewable and multifunctional lithium-ion battery electrodes
PublikacjaLignin-based carbon fibers (LCFs) from the renewable resource softwood kraft lignin were synthesized via oxidative thermostabilization of pure melt-spun lignin and carbonization at different temperatures from 1000°C to 1700°C. The resulting LCFs were characterized by tensile testing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and confocal Raman spectroscopy. The microstructure is mainly amorphous carbon with some...
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Energy Neutrality Versus Carbon Footprint Minimization In Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
PublikacjaThe study presents analysis of the carbon footprint (CF) in six medium and large-size municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located across Poland. The novelty of the presented study is searching the relationship between level of energy neutrality and CF in the case studies. Although energy and CF go hand-in-hand to some degree but moving towards energy neutrality in WWTPs might also lead to an increase in the total CF of...
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Energy neutrality versus carbon footprint minimization in municipal wastewater treatment plants
PublikacjaThis work aimed to compare the carbon footprint (CF) of six full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The CF was estimated in the range of 23–100 kg CO2e per population equivalent. In the total CF, the direct emissions held the highest share (62–74%) for the plants with energy recovery from biogas. In the plants depending entirely on the power grid, the indirect emissions due to energy consumption dominated the total CF (69–72%)....
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Boron doped Nanocrystalline Diamond-Carbon Nanospike Hybrid Electron Emission Source
PublikacjaElectron emission signifies an important mechanism facilitating the enlargement of devices that have modernized large parts of science and technology. Today, the search for innovative electron emission devices for imaging, sensing, electronics, and high-energy physics continues. Integrating two materials with dissimilar electronic properties into a hybrid material is an extremely sought-after synergistic approach envisioning a...
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Diatoms Biomass as a Joint Source of Biosilica and Carbon for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes
PublikacjaThe biomass of one type cultivated diatoms (Pseudostaurosira trainorii), being a source of 3D-stuctured biosilica and organic matter—the source of carbon, was thermally processed to become an electroactive material in a potential range adequate to become an anode in lithium ion batteries. Carbonized material was characterized by means of selected solid-state physics techniques (XRD, Raman, TGA). It was shown that the pyrolysis...
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Improving carbon dioxide capture in aqueous ammonia solutions by fine SiO2 particles
PublikacjaAmmonia solutions are considered to be effective solvents for carbon dioxide absorption. Despite the numerous advantages of these solvents, their high volatility is a significant technical and economic problem. Therefore, in this work, silica particles were used as additives to improve CO2 absorption and inhibit NH3 desorption. SiO2 microparticles and colloidal SiO2 particles in the concentration range of 0-0.15 wt.% were used...
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Synergistic effects of nitrogen-doped carbon and praseodymium oxide in electrochemical water splitting
PublikacjaHybrid materials featuring perovskite-type metal oxide in conjunction with heteroatom-doped graphene hold immense promise as alternatives to costly noble metal catalysts for electrochemical water splitting, facilitating the generation of environmentally friendly hydrogen. In this study, perovskite-type oxide containing praseodymium, barium, strontium, cobalt, and iron atoms dispersed in a carbon matrix as a catalyst is synthesized...
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Photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide nanorods incorporated graphitic carbon nitride catalyst
PublikacjaBackground Photocatalysts are user-friendly and serve as compatible materials for degrading industrial dye pollutants. This study utilizes zinc oxide/graphitic carbon nitride (ZnO/g-C3N4) nanocomposites against degrading methylene blue (MB). Methods The hydrothermal method assisted sonication technique was used to fabricate the ZnO/g-C3N4 composite with varying ratios of ZnO/g-C3N4 (1:0.25, 1:0.50, 1:1). The synthesized materials...
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Carbon nitride exfoliation for photocatalysis and photocatalytic ozonation over emerging contaminants abatement
PublikacjaThe production of graphitic carbon nitride was studied with the addition of a following exfoliation step using ultrasounds, at different times. The treatment produced catalysts with much higher surface areas, from 2.18 m2 g 1 with no treatment to 28.34 m2 g 1 after 36 h of exfoliation. During exfoliation, melem was also produced, and may further enhance the photoluminescence and photocatalytic properties. The photocatalytic reaction...
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Thermo-Mechanical Simulation of Underwater Friction Stir Welding of Low Carbon Steel
PublikacjaThis article investigates the flow of materials and weld formation during underwater friction stir welding (UFSW) of low carbon steel. A thermo-mechanical model is used to understand the relation between frictional heat phenomena during the welding and weld properties. To better understand the effects of the water environment, the simulation and experimental results were compared with the sample prepared by the traditional friction...
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Epigenetic inhibitor zebularine activates ear pinna wound closure in the mouse
PublikacjaBackground:Most studies on regenerative medicine focus on cell-based therapies and transplantations.Small-molecule therapeutics, though proved effective in different medical conditions, have not been extensivelyinvestigated in regenerative research. It is known that healing potential decreases with development and devel-opmental changes are driven by epigenetic mechanisms, which suggests epigenetic repression of regenerativecapacity.Methods:We...
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Pore structure of carbons coated on ceramic particles
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The impact of 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA) solution pretreatment by ozonolysis and photocatalysis on the activated sludge respirometric activity
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Effects of Low Concentration of Selected Analgesics and Successive Bioaugmentation of the Activated Sludge on Its Activity and Metabolic Diversity
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Lightweight alkali-activated composites containing sintered fly ash aggregate and various amounts of silica aerogel
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Alkali-activated slag supplemented with waste glass powder: Laboratory characterization, thermodynamic modelling and sustainability analysis
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Control of Luminescence by Tuning of Crystal Symmetry and Local Structure in Mn4+ -Activated Narrow Band Fluoride Phosphors
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MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 4 impacts leaf development, temperature, and stomatal movement in hybrid aspen
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The role of slowly biodegradable organic compounds in a full-scale biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
PublikacjaThe aim of this study was to determine the immediate effects of slowly biodegradable substrates on the denitrification capability and phosphate release/uptake interactions for a full-scale biomass process from two large wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in the cities of Gdansk and Gdynia (northern Poland). Since it is hard to distinguish the slowly biodegradable substrate in a direct way, a novel procedure based on batch...
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Preparation and characterization of monometallic (Au) and bimetallic (Ag/Au) modified-titania photocatalysts activated by visible light
PublikacjaThe Au-TiO2 and Ag/Au-TiO2 nanoparticles have been prepared using a water-in-oil microemulsion system of water/AOT/cyclohexane and water/Triton X-100/cyclohexane. The obtained photocatalysts were subsequently characterized by a BET method, DRS spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron emission spectroscopy (XPS), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD). For gold-doped titanium (IV) oxide...
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Estimation and modeling hydrolysis of slowly biodegradable substrate based on the batch respirometric tests in activated sludge systems
PublikacjaNowadays, appropriate determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractionation together with degradation kinetics of organic compounds have a prime importance on the design and operation of activated sludge systems. Batch respirometric tests based on the oxygen uptake rates (OUR) and corresponding COD is accepted method to reflect the consumption of biodegradable substrates. The influence of the readily biodegradable (Ss) fraction...
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Two-Level Multivariable Control System of Dissolved Oxygen Tracking and Aeration System for Activated Sludge Processes
PublikacjaThe problem of tracking dissolved oxygen is one of the most complex and fundamental issues related to biological processes. The dissolved oxygen level in aerobic tanks has significant influence on behaviour and activity of microorganism inhabiting the plant. Aerated tanks are supplied with air from an aeration system (blowers, pipes, throttling valves, diffusers). It is a complex dynamic system governed by nonlinear hybrid dynamics....
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Evaluation and behaviour of slowly biodegradable substrate on mathematical modelling of oxygen uptake rate in activated sludge systems
PublikacjaThe effect of the readily biodegradable (Ss) fraction in activated sludge systems has been extensively investigated, but only minor information can be found about the effect of Xs on OUR in activated sludge systems. The aim of this study was to determine the evaluation and behaviour of Xs on mathematical modelling of OUR using ASM2d and its modification. The essential study was divided into two major parts: experimental investigation...
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Performance evaluation and model-based optimization of the mainstream deammonification in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge reactor
PublikacjaThis study aimed to model and optimize mainstream deammonification in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) pilot plant under natural seasonal temperature variations. The effect of gradually decreasing temperature on the performance was evaluated during a winter season and a transition period to summer conditions, and the correlation of the performance parameters was investigated using principal component analysis (PCA)....
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Biochemical assays of intensified methane content in biogas from low-temperature processing of waste activated sludge
PublikacjaAnaerobic digestion (AD) is implemented as an important ‘waste to energy’ approach for converting organic-rich byproducts such as sewage sludge into biogas and nutrient-rich digestate. Sewage sludge consists of primary sludge and waste activated sludge (WAS), and low biodegradability of WAS limits methane production. This study presents the influence of the low-temperature pretreatment (LT-PT) of WAS on the efficiency of AD. Different...
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Tailoring Electro/Optical Properties of Transparent Boron-Doped Carbon Nanowalls Grown on Quartz
PublikacjaCarbon nanowalls (CNWs) have attracted much attention for numerous applications in electrical devices because of their peculiar structural characteristics. However, it is possible to set synthesis parameters to vary the electrical and optical properties of such CNWs. In this paper, we demonstrate the direct growth of highly transparent boron-doped nanowalls (B-CNWs) on optical grade fused quartz. The effect of growth temperature...
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Organic carbon fluxes of a glacier surface: a case study of Foxfonna, a small Arctic glacier
PublikacjaArctic glaciers are rapidly responding to global warming by releasing organic carbon (OC) to downstream ecosystems. The glacier surface is arguably the most biologically active and biodiverse glacial habitat and therefore the site of important OC transformation and storage, although rates and magnitudes are poorly constrained. In this paper, we present measurements of OC fluxes associated with atmospheric deposition, ice melt,...
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Influence of cavitation intensity on the relative cavitation resistance of laser processed C45 carbon steel
PublikacjaPraca przedstawia badania względnej odporności kawitacyjnej we wstępnym okresie niszczenia laserowo przetopionej 6 kW laserem CO2 stali C45. Badania odporności kawitacyjnej wykonano na stanowisku z wirującą tarczą. Na erodowanej przetopionej warstwie powierzchniowej określono trzy obszary o różnej intensywności oddziaływania obciążeń kawitacyjnych. Określano wielkość odkształceń plastycznych w analizowanych obszarach, spowodowanych...
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Single‐walled carbon nanotubes modified by PFO: An optical absorption and Raman spectroscopic investigation
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Cisplatin filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes – a novel molecular hybrid of anticancer drug container
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