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Search results for: Ball milling of boron
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Ball milling induced borophene flakes fabrication
PublicationTo fill the knowledge gap for borophene, as the youngest member of the two-dimensional (2D)nanomaterials family, a facile, cost effective, scalable and reproducible fabrication route is still stronglyrequired. Among so far studied techniques the potential of pure mechanical processes such as ballmilling is not explored yet. Therefore, in this contribution, we explore the efficiency...
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Investigation on the edge forces in ball end milling of inclined surfaces
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Cutting Forces and Vibrations During Ball End Milling of Inclined Surfaces
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Modeling of cutter displacements during ball end milling of inclined surfaces
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The application of response surface method to optimization of precision ball end milling
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The analysis of instantaneous tool displacements during precise ball end milling
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Ball milling treatment of Mn3O4 regulates electron transfer pathway for peroxymonosulfate activation
PublicationHeterogeneous metal catalysts have attracted considerable interest in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for wastewater treatment by activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS). However, it remains challenging to the rational design of efficient reaction pathway for high-performance contaminants removal by regulating the inherent structure of metal oxides. Herein, a high-energy ball milling method was employed to modulate the electronic...
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The Influence of Tool Wear on the Vibrations During Ball end Milling of Hardened Steel
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Mechanical and technological aspects of micro ball end milling with various tool inclinations
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Vibration surveillance of high speed ball end milling by the spindle speed control
PublicationPrzedstawiono zmodyfikowaną metodę nadzorowania drgań smukłych wirujących narzedzi skrawających za pomocą sterowania optymalno-liniowego prędkością obrotową wrzeciona. Podano opis dynamiki skrawania, niestacjonarnego modelu obliczeniowego oraz zmodyfikowanej metody nadzorowania drgań. Modyfikacja polega na tym, że do symulacji procesu nadzorowania wykorzystano model modalny freza, zaś parametry tego modelu wyznaczono albo numerycznie,...
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Modelling and simulation of vibration surveillance during ball end milling of flexible details
PublicationPraca dotyczy nadzorowania drgań w procesie frezowania szybkościowego przedmiotów podatnych za pomocą doboru optymalnej prędkości obrotowej wrzeciona. W niestacjonarnym układzie drgającym modelowanym dyskretnie wyodrębniono podukład modalny, podukład strukturalny oraz podukład łączący. Dynamikę procesu skrawania opisano we współrzędnych hybrydowych, przez co uzyskano znacznie mniejszy rząd niż w przypadku modelu strukturalnego....
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On a method of modelling and simulation of vibration surveillance during ball end milling of flexible details
PublicationPraca dotyczy nadzorowania drgań podczas frezowania przedmiotów podatnych smukłym frezem kulistym, z uwzględnieniem zgodności parametrów modelu modalnego. Przeprowadzono analizę dynamiki procesu frezowania. Następnie przedstawiono analizę niestacjonarnego układu drgającego, w którym wyodrębniono podukłady: modalny, strukturalny i łączący. Do minimalizacji poziomu drgań zastosowano dopasowanie prędkości obrotowej wrzeciona do optymalnego...
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Modelling and investigation of vibration surveillance during ball end milling of curved flexible details
PublicationPraca dotyczy nadzorowania drgań podczas frezowania zakrzywionych przedmiotów podatnych smukłym frezem kulistym, z uwzględnieniem zgodności parametrów modelu modalnego. Dokonano analizy dynamiki niestacjonarnego układu drgającego, w którym wyodrębniono podukłady: modalny, strukturalny i łączący. Do minimalizacji poziomu drgań zastosowano dopasowanie prędkości obrotowej wrzeciona do optymalnego kąta przesunięcia fazowego. Zasadność...
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On a method of modelling and simulation of vibration surveillance during ball end milling of flexible details
PublicationPraca dotyczy nadzorowania drgań podczas frezowania przedmiotów podatnych smukłym frezem kulistym, z uwzględnieniem zgodności parametrów modelu modalnego. Przeprowadzono analizę dynamiki procesu frezowania. Następnie przedstawiono analizę niestacjonarnego układu drgającego, w którym wyodrębniono podukłady: modalny, strukturalny i łączący. Do minimalizacji poziomu drgań zastosowano dopasowanie prędkości obrotowej wrzeciona do optymalnego...
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Tool Life and Process Dynamics in High Speed Ball End Milling of Hardened Steel
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Optimal spindle speed determination for vibration reduction during ball-end milling of flexible details
PublicationIn the paper a method of optimal spindle speed determination for vibration reduction during ball-end milling of flexible details is proposed. In order to reduce vibration level, an original procedure of the spindle speed optimisation, based on the Liao–Young criterion, is suggested. As the result, an optimal, constant spindle speed value is determined. For this purpose, on-stationary computational model of machining process is...
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Convenient and efficient N-methylation of secondary amines under solvent-free ball milling conditions
PublicationIn the present work, we report the development of a rapid, efcient, and solvent-free procedure for the N-methylation of secondary amines under mechanochemical conditions. After optimization of the milling parameters, a vibrational ball mill was used to synthesize 26 tertiary N-methylated amine derivatives in a short time of 20 min (30 Hz frequency) and high yields ranging from 78 to 95%. An exception was compounds having a hydroxyl...
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A novel method for vibration surveillance during high speed ball end milling of flexible details
PublicationPraca dotyczy nadzorowania drgań podczas obróbki zakrzywionych przedmiotów podatnych frezem kulistym, z uwzględnieniem zgodności parametrów modelu modalnego. Przedstawiono analizę dynamiki niestacjonarnego okładu drgającego, z którego wydzielono podukład modalny, strukturalny i łączący. Zastosowano minimalizację poziomu drgań z dopasowaniem prędkości obrotowej wrzeciona do optymalnego kąta przesunięcia fazowego. Eksperymenty doświadczalne...
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A novel method for vibration surveillance during high speed ball end milling of flexible details
PublicationPraca dotyczy nadzorowania drgań układów niestacjonarnych modelowanych metodą elementów skończonych. Obróbka frezem kulistym przedmiotów podatnych jest często stosowana w przypadku nowoczesnych centrów obróbkowych. Drgania względne narzędzie-przedmiot obrabiany mogą doprowadzić do utraty stabilności i powstania drgań samowzbudnych typu chatter. W pracy proponuje się metodę minimalizacji poziomu drgań poprzez dopasowanie prędkości...
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SURFACE TEXTURE ANALYSIS AFTER BALL END MILLING WITH VARIOUS SURFACE INCLINATION OF HARDENED STEEL
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Optimisation of machining parameters during ball end milling of hardened steel with various surface inclinations
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Reduction of vibration level by the spindle speed optimisation during ball end milling of flexible details
PublicationPraca dotyczy nadzorowania drgań podczas skrawania przedmiotów podatnych frezem kulistym. Przedsatwiono wspomaganą komputerowo procedurę nadzorowania z optymalizacją prędkości obrotowej narzędzia. Przy modelowaniu wykorzystano niestacjonarny model obliczeniowy. Rezultatem modelowania jest układ hybrydowy, w którym oddzielono podukłady: modalny, łączący i strukturalny. Metoda wymaga identyfikacji częstości własnych co może być wykonane...
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The estimation of cutting forces and specific force coefficients during finishing ball end milling of inclined surfaces
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ALTERNATIVE, DIRECT SYNTHESIS METHOD OF THE CERAMIC SOLID SOLUTIONS BASED ON BaTiO3 THROUGH A HIGH ENERGY BALL MILLING
PublicationPolycrystalline samples BaTiO3 and the solid solutions Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3, Ba0.9Sr0.1Ti0.9Sn0.1O3, Ba0.9Sr0.1Ti0.8Sn0.2O3 were obtained by means of a mechanochemical treatment based on the high-energy ball milling technique and next a high temperature solid state reaction method. The influence of synthesis condition on microstructural, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of obtained solid solutions were investigated. The structure...
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Study on metrological relations between instant tool displacements and surface roughness during precise ball end milling
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Application of signal to noise ratio and grey relational analysis to minimize forces and vibrations during precise ball end milling
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Effect of ball-milling process parameters on mechanical properties of Al/Al2O3/collagen powder composite using statistical approach
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Vibration surveillance during ball end milling of curved flexible details on a basis of assessment of assurance of the model of real object
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono nową metodę nadzorowania drgań podczas frezowania zakrzywionych przedmiotów podatnych. Wykorzystano model modalny przedmiotu obrabianego, którego parametry zidentyfikowano na bazie badań doświadczalnych oraz analizy komputerowej. Zastosowanie modelu metody elementów skończonych, którego zachowanie jest zgodne z przedmiotem uformowanym w postaci cienkościennej powierzchni półwalcowej, a następnie - utworzenie...
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Vibration surveillance during ball end milling of curved flexible details, considering an assessment of assurance between analysis and test model
PublicationPraca dotyczy nadzorowania drgań podczas obróbki smukłym frezem kulistym przedmiotów podatnych o powierzchniach zakrzywionych. Przedstawiono analizę dynamiczną niestacjonarnego układu drgającego, w którym wyodrębniono podukłady: modalny, strukturalny i łączący. Dokonano oceny zgodności wyników obliczeń numerycznych z wynikami pomiarów na frezarce Mikron VCP 600.
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Tailoring a low-energy ball milled MnCo2O4 spinel catalyst to boost oxygen evolution reaction performance
PublicationThe development of cost-efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts is one of the most important tasks facing modern techniques for hydrogen production. In this work, for the first time, a low-energy ball milling process of MnCo2O4 (MCO) spinel powders, with a mechanical modification time exceeding 1 day was used. After 6 days of ball-milling, the obtained overpotential of the electrocatalyst reached the value of 375 mV...
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Modelling and Simulation of a New Variable Stiffness Holder for Milling of Flexible Details
PublicationModern industry expectations in terms of milling operations often demand the milling of the flexible details by using slender ball-end tools. This is a difficult task because of possible vibration occurrence. Due to existence of certain conditions (small depths of cutting, regeneration phenomena), cutting process may become unstable and self-excited chatter vibration may appear. Frequency of the chatter vibration is close to dominant...
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High Speed Milling vibration surveillance with optimal spindle speed based on optimal speeds map
PublicationThe paper presents the method of the surveillance of the self-excited chatter vibration. At first, the workpiece modal parameters are estimated based on experimental data which leads to verification of computational model. Then, for selected surface points optimal spindle speeds are calculated. By considering sufficient amount of points it is possible to build a map of optimal spindle speeds. Experimental results show that this...
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Vibration Surveillance System with Variable Stiffness Holder for Milling Flexible Details
PublicationEfficient milling of the flexible details (i.e. rotor blades, thin-walled elements) using slender ball-end tools is a difficult task due to possibility of vibration occurrence. Because of the existence of certain conditions (small depths of cutting, regeneration phenomena), cutting process may lose stability and self-excited chatter vibration may appear. Frequency of the chatter vibration is close to dominant natural frequency...
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Microstructural Design of Ba0.5La0.5Co0.5Fe0.5O3 Perovskite Ceramics
PublicationBa0.5La0.5Co0.5Fe0.5O3 was synthesized in the solid-state reaction route. The influence of ball milling parameters (such as milling media size, angular velocity, and time), pelletizing pressure, and annealing parameters on the microstructure was studied. The grain size distribution and density or specific surface area changes were investigated in each approach while the individual parameters were changed. The evaluation of BLCF...
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Surface Texture Analysis of Hardened Shafts after Ceramic Ball Burnishing
PublicationThis article represents the results of testing the surface condition of shafts manufactured by the burnishing process. The shafts with a hardness of approximately 62 HRC (Rockwell C). were burnished with a ceramic ball (Si3N4), where the force range was controlled by the means of a hydraulic system. The machining process consisted of hard turning shafts with cubic boron nitride (CBN) inserts, followed by burnishing with the use...
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An investigation of microstructural basis for corrosion behavior of Al-CNT composites fabricated by SPS
PublicationIn this research effect of the addition of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as additive powder on microstructure and corrosion behavior of fabricated Al-CNT composites was studied. The aluminum powder and CNTs were mixed with high energy planetary ball-mill. It is observed that by increasing milling time, the uniformity of CNTs on aluminum matrix and consequently corrosion resistance of Al-CNT composite is increased. On the...
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Mg2+ Doping Effects on the Structural and Dielectric Properties of CaCu3Ti4O12 Ceramics Obtained by Mechanochemical Synthesis
PublicationIn this study, ceramic CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) and CaCu3−xMgxTi4O12 solid solutions in which 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.5 were prepared by the mechanochemical method, realized by a high‐energy ball milling technique. The effects of the Mg2+ ion concentration and sintering time on the dielectric response in the prepared ceramics were investigated and discussed. It was demonstrated that, by the use of a sufficiently high energy of mechanochemical treatment,...
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Structure and thermoelectric properties of bismuth telluride—Carbon composites
PublicationCarbon nanotubes and amorphous carbon have been introduced into a bismuth telluride matrix (0.15 and 0.30 wt.% ratio) to investigate the influence of the carbon on the composite’s thermoelectric properties. Composites with well-dispersed additives have been obtained by sonication and ball-milling methodology. Carbon nanotubes and an amorphous carbon addition led to a decrease in electric conductivity from 1120 S/cm to 77 S/cm....
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Tetrahedrally modified MnMe0.1Co1.9O4 (Me = Zn, Mg, Li) spinels for non-enzymatic glucose sensing
PublicationIn this work, tetrahedrally modified MnMe0.1Co1.9O4 (Me = Zn, Mg, Li) spinels were prepared via the sol–gel synthesis method with subsequent ball-milling fragmentation. The prepared samples were evaluated as glucose–sensing catalyst. The reference MnCo2O4 spinel exhibited a sensitivity of 49 µA mM−1 cm−2 and a nonlinearity error of 5.2% in the response range from 0.02 to 1 mM. The partial substitution of cobalt in the reference...
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Solvent-Free Synthesis of Phosphonic Graphene Derivative and Its Application in Mercury Ions Adsorption
PublicationFunctionalized graphene was efficiently prepared through ball-milling of graphite in the presence of dry ice. In this way, oxygen functional groups were introduced into material. The material was further chemically functionalized to produce graphene derivative with phosphonic groups. The obtained materials were characterized by spectroscopic and microscopic methods, along with thermogravimetric analysis. The newly developed material...
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THE APPLICATION OF THE MECHANOCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS FOR THE PREPARATION OF ADVANCED CERAMICS BASED ON BARIUM TITANATE
PublicationIn the present study, the lead-free BaTi1-xZrxO3 (for x = 0, 0.05 and 0.15) ceramics were prepared by High-Energy Ball Milling and heat treatments. The performed X-ray, SEM and EDS measurements confirmed high purity, good quality and the expected quantitative composition of the obtained samples. The study of dielectric properties was performed by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy at the frequency ranging from 0.1 Hz to...
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WEAR OF Si OR B DOPED AMORPHOUS CARBON COATINGS
PublicationThe paper describes a complex wear research on DLC (amorphous carbon) moped with boron (B) and silicone (Si). The tests were carried out in two different sliping systems: flat–on–flat (ring contact, unidirectional sliding) and ball–on–flat (reciprocating sliding). Water and medical saline solutions were used as lubricants. A comparative analysis of the results revealed differences in the initiation and progress of wear and the...
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The Effect of Surface Treatment with Isocyanate and Aromatic Carbodiimide of Thermally Expanded Vermiculite Used as a Functional Filler for Polylactide-Based Composites
PublicationIn this work, thermally expanded vermiculite (TE-VMT) was surface modified and used as a filler for composites with a polylactide (PLA) matrix. Modification of vermiculite was realized by simultaneous ball milling with the presence of two PLA chain extenders, aromatic carbodiimide (KI), and 4,4’-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI). In addition to analyzing the particle size of the filler subjected to processing, the efficiency...
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Rotating rod and ball
PublicationWe consider a mechanical system consisting of an infinite rod (a straight line) and a ball (a massless point) on the plane. The rod rotates uniformly around one of its points. The ball is reflected elastically when colliding with the rod and moves freely between consecutive hits. A sliding motion along the rod is also allowed. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the motion with a given position and velocity at a certain time...
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Novel Nonlinear High Order Technologies for Damage Diagnosis of Complex Assets
PublicationFor the first time worldwide, innovative techniques, generic non-linear higher-order unnormalized cross-correlations of spectral moduli, for the diagnosis of complex assets, are proposed. The normalization of the proposed techniques is based on the absolute central moments, that have been proposed and widely investigated in mathematical works. The existing higher-order, crosscovariances of complex spectral components are not sufficiently...
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Novel Fault Identification for Electromechanical Systems via Spectral Technique and Electrical Data Processing
PublicationIt is proposed, developed, investigated, and validated by experiments and modelling for the first time in worldwide terms new data processing technologies, higher order spectral multiple correlation technologies for fault identification for electromechanical systems via electrical data processing. Investigation of the higher order spectral triple correlation technology via modelling has shown that the proposed data processing technology...
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Electrochemical oxidation of sulphamerazine at boron-doped diamond electrodes: Influence of boron concentration
PublicationThe boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes with different boron concentrations have been tested as electrode material for sulphamerazine (SRM) oxidation in water solution. An investigation of the electrode morphology and molecular structure was carried out using high resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. Electrochemical results showed clearly that the kinetics and efficiency of SRM oxidation were dependent...
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Experimental research of the effect of face milling strategy on the flatness deviations
PublicationIn this paper the dependencies between face milling strategy of EN AW6082-T6 aluminum alloy samples, with difference thicknesses (6, 8, and 12 mm) and two cold rolling directions, and flatness deviations were presented. Three strategies of milling included different proportions of material removed from both sides of the plates. This approach allowed to control the proportions of residual surface stresses on both sides of the specimens,...
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Rotating rod and ball
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Minimization of vibrations during milling of flexible structures using mechatronic design techniques
PublicationThe paper presents an innovative effective method of minimizing vibrations during milling of flexible structures, using a new vibration suppression method based on a workpiece holder with adjustable support stiffness. The proposed method is rooted in mechatronic design techniques, which can become a standard procedure for optimizing the milling process.