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Search results for: LOW-MASS PBDES
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Low energy electron mass stopping power in H2
PublicationWe present experimental mass stopping powers of electrons in gaseous H2 obtained with a newly developed electron time-of-flight spectrometer, for the incident electron energy range of 10eV to 25eV. In our procedure the average energy loss is derived from our conversion of measured electron time-of-flight spectra into equivalent electron energy loss spectra so as to obtain the values of mass stopping power for electron scattering...
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Capillary Electrophoresis in Determination of Low Molecular Mass Organic Acids
PublicationThis paper presents overviews the capabilities of capillary electrophoretic techniques to determine low molecular mass organic acids in a variety of aqueous, gas and solid samples. It mainly focuses on short - chain carboxylic acids containing one or more carboxylic groups and possibly some other functional groups (hydroxyl, keto-, amino- etc.). Finally the procedures applied to the determine the acids in different matrices are...
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Experimental determination of H2 mass stopping powers for low-energy electrons
PublicationWe present experimental mass stopping powers of electrons in gaseous H2 obtained with an electron time- of-flight spectrometer, for the incident electron energy range of 11 to 25 eV. In our procedure, the average energy loss is derived from conversion of the measured electron time-of-flight spectra into equivalent electron energy-loss spectra. Our present results are compared with the only available experimental measurement and...
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Dynamic mass measurement in checkweighers using a discrete time-variant low-pass filter
PublicationConveyor belt type checkweighers are complex mechanical systems consisting of a weighing sensor (strain gauge load cell, electrodynamically compensated load cell), packages (of different shapes, made of different materials) and a transport system (motors, gears, rollers). Disturbances generated by the vibrating parts of such a system are reflected in the signal power spectra in a form of strong spectral peaks, located usually in...
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Application potential of dummy molecularly imprinted polymers as solidphase extraction sorbents for determination of low-mass polybrominated diphenyl ethers in soil and sediment samples
PublicationDespite the introduction of restrictive regulations in the USA and the European Union, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are still found in various types of environmental and biological samples at significant concentration levels. The presence of these persistent organic pollutants in the environment raises important issues because of their negative impact on immunological and neurological systems, and on the hormonal balances...
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The preparation and evaluation of core-shell magnetic dummy-template molecularly imprinted polymers for preliminary recognition of the low-mass polybrominated diphenyl ethers from aqueous solutions
PublicationThe design, preparation process, binding abilities, morphological characteristic and prospective field of application of dummy-template magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (DMMIP) for preliminary recognition of the selected low-mass polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE-47 and PBDE-99) from aquatic environment were investigated. The surface of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanopowder (50-100 nm particles size) was modified with tetraethoxysilane...
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Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in house dust using standard addition method and gas chromatography with electron capture and mass spectrometric detection
PublicationMonitoring of the environmental fate of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) involves determination of their concentration in air, airborne particles and settled dust. This requires the implementation of appropriate analytical tools like measuring instruments, reference materials and analytical procedures. In this study an analytical procedure was developed for determining PBDEs in samples with a complex matrix composition. The...
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Preparation and characterization of dummy-template molecularly imprinted polymers as potential sorbents for the recognition of selected polybrominated diphenyl ethers
PublicationThe main aim of this work was to conduct the preliminary/basic research concerning the preparation process of a new dummy molecularly imprinted polymer (DMIP) materials. Developed DMIPs were proposed as a sorption material in solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique for recognition of selected low mass polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) e PBDE-47 and PBDE-99. Four new DMIPs were synthesized employing bulky polymerization technique...
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Current trends in analytical strategies for determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in samples with different matrix compositions – Part 1.: Screening of new developments in sample preparation
PublicationPolybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are ubiquitous compounds in the environment. Restrictions on the use of PBDEs introduced at the beginning of the 21st century have not eliminated these highly persistent and bioaccumulative compounds from the environment. Despite many existing regulations to control and phase out, extensive research on PBDEs is still necessary to fully evaluate the hazard their create to the environment. In...
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House dust as a source of analytical information on concentration of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) - first approach
PublicationPolybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are best recognized as flame retardants, were in 2001, by virtue of Stockholm Convention, listed in a group of Persistent Organic Compounds (POPs). Increasing concentration levels of PBDEs, reported in human tissues (e.g., blood, serum, breast milk, etc.) haverecently caught worldwide concern due to their potential tendency to disrupt thyroid hormones, neurobehavioral deficits and endocrine...
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Occurrence and levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in house dust and hair samples from Northern Poland; an assessment of human exposure
PublicationPolybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are among most ubiquitous compounds to be found in indoor environment and ingestion of household dust is considered an important route of exposure to PBDEs, especially in toddlers and young children. The present work reported concentration levels of PBDE congeners (PBDE-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, -154, -183 and -209) in hair and dust samples from selected households from Northern Poland. The...
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Current trends in analytical strategies for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in samples with different matrix compositions – Part 2: New approaches to PBDEs determination
PublicationHerein, we review the latest technical solutions for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) determination in samples with different matrix compositions, largely focusing on gas chromatography but also presenting some liquid chromatography–based solutions. Moreover, we discuss the use of diverse sample injection techniques while considering the advantages and disadvantages of each injection system in the context of PBDEs analysis....
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The difficulties in polybrominated diphenyl ethers identification by GC-EI-MS technique
PublicationAwareness about the harmful effects of brominated flame retardants on living organisms increases mainly due to link their presence in the human environment with health disorders. Therefore is a need to conduct research aimed at content control of these chemicals in the environment. Recent improvements in injection techniques and mass spectrometer ionization methods have led to a variety of options to determine PBDEs in environmental...
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Determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in dust samples collected in air conditioning filters of different usage – method development
PublicationThis study presents the results of studies aimed at the development of an analytical procedure for separation, identification, and determination of PBDEs compounds in dust samples collected from automotive cabin air filters and samples collected from filters installed as part of the air purification system in academic facilities. Ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid phase extraction (UA-dSPE) was found to perform better in terms...
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Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) concentrations in dust from various indoor environments in Gdańsk, Poland: Prediction of concentrations in indoor air and assessment of exposure of adults
PublicationMonitoring of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in indoor environments involves the determination of their concentrations in air, airborne particles, and settled dust. Each of these is a source of human exposure to PBDEs. In this study, we attempted to model PBDEs concentrations in various typical indoor environments on the basis of real PBDEs measurements in dust collected from them. The analytical procedure for determining...
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PBDEs in environmental samples: Sampling and analysis
PublicationThe paper reviews the subject literature concerning analytical procedures routinely sed for monitoring polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) in environmental samples. It describes and summarizes subsequent stages of analytical procedure including sample collection and preparation, extraction, clean-up and final determination. Different approaches with their advantages and limitations are presented. Special attention is drawn to...
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Identification of novel halogenated naturally occurring compounds in marine biota by high-resolution mass spectrometry and combined screening approaches
PublicationMarine animals, plants or bacteria are a source of bioactive naturally-occurring halogenated compounds (NHCs) such as bromophenols (BPs), bromoanisoles (BAs) and hydroxylated or methoxylated analogues of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (HO-PBDEs, MeO-PBDEs) and bromobiphenyls (HO-BBs, MeO-BBs). This study applied a comprehensive screening approach using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry and combining target,...
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Small Polymeric Toys Placed in Child-Dedicated Chocolate Food Products—Do They Contain Harmful Chemicals? Examination of Quality by Example of Selected VOCs and SVOCs
PublicationThis study was focused on child-dedicated chocolate food products that contain a plastic package with a small toy inside (also known as chocolate eggs). Three types of these products that are commercially available on the Polish market, with different prices, chocolate composition, and main types of polymers used in the toy manufacturing process, were investigated. The polymers were identified using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR)...
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What should we know when choosing feather, blood, egg or preen oil as biological samples for contaminants detection? A non-lethal approach to bird sampling for PCBs, OCPs, PBDEs and PFASs
PublicationBirds are considered as good bio-monitors and they can provide highly valuable data about the level of contamination in their habitat. During the design of biomonitoring studies one of the first issues after choosing species is the choice of biological material. Non-lethally collected samples have recently been gaining greater attention as they offer several ethical and practical advantages. However, not all sample matrices are...
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Porównanie działania transformatora symetryzującego (zygzak) z aktywnym energoelektronicznym symetryzatorem prądów fazowych linii niskiego napięcia
PublicationNa potrzeby planowania sieci niskiego napięcia operatorzy systemów dystrybucyjnych (OSD) zakładają symetryczne warunki obciążenia linii. Z roku na rok, rośnie liczba rozproszonych systemów fotowoltaicznych (PV) zainstalowanych w sieciach niskiego napięcia, których większość to małe jednofazowe systemy dachowe. Dodatkowo, do niesymetrii obciążenia przyczyniają się instalowane masowo pompy ciepła i ładowane jednofazowo samochody...
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Application of multicriteria decision analysis to assess the greenness of molecularly imprinted polymers synthesis components
PublicationThe study applies multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to rank the components of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) synthesis according to their greenness. The components are taken from papers that are describing synthesis of MIPs for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) sorbents. Functional monomers (n = 14), target/surrogate molecules (n = 10), porogens (n = 8), cross-linking agents (n = 8) and initiators (n = 4) are described...
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Wpływ wybranych parametrów środowiska na przebieg degradacji rur okładzinowych ze stali P110
PublicationMateriały używane na orurowanie odwiertów w poszukiwaniu i wydobyciu ropy i gazu poddawane są niekorzystnym warunkom eksploatacji takich jak: podwyższona temperatura, wysokie ciśnienie, turbulentny przepływ korozyjnych cieczy z zawieszonymi cząstkami stałymi. Jednym z gatunków stali używanych do produkcji rur okładzinowych jest stal P110 (za normą API 5CT) będąca stalą średnio-węglową, niskostopową o wysokiej wytrzymałości. Celem...
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An experimental study on polymer mass
PublicationA new method of repairing damaged structures by filling the cracks with specially prepared polymer mass has been recently proposed. The technique is mainly dedicated to historical objects where minimum intervention is permitted. The flexible joint bonds the disrupted elements and ensures further safe exploitation of a damaged structure. The aim of the present paper is to show the results of an experimental study on polymer mass...
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Chemical hazard in glacial melt? The glacial system as a secondary source of POPs (in the Northern Hemisphere). A systematic review
PublicationToxicity of compounds belonging to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) iswidely known, and their re-emission from glaciers has been conclusively demonstrated. However, the harmful effects associated with such secondary emissions have yet to be thoroughly understood, especially in the spatial and temporal context, as the existing literature has a clear sampling biaswith the best recognition of sites in the European Alps. In this...
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Low energy electron attachment to platinum(II) bromide (PtBr2)
PublicationtDissociative electron attachment to PtBr2in the gas phase was studied in the low electron energy rangefrom zero up to 10 eV with an energy resolution of 150 meV. The experiments were carried out using ahemispherical electron monochromator coupled with a quadrupole mass spectrometer and pulse count-ing acquisition system. The only anion observed was Br−. This ion is formed at three resonance electronenergies: 0.4 eV, 1.2 eV and...
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Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry for Plant Metabolomics
PublicationVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plants are a valuable source of information on their growth, theirresponse to stress, and the condition of their habitat. The recent trend in the analysis of low-mass molecules ofplant origin is metabolomics, which in the context of volatiles is often referred to as volatolomics. It requires theuse of modern analytical instrumentation...
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Experimental study on polymer mass used to repair damaged structures
PublicationA new method of repairing damaged structures by injecting the cracks with specially designed polymer mass (flexible two-component grout based on polyurethane resin) has been recently proposed. The technique is mainly dedicated to damaged masonries, especially historical structures where minimum intervention is permitted. The cracks are filled with the special injection, forming the flexible joints bonding the disrupted structural...
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Matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) as simple and useful sample preparation technique for determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in dust
PublicationIn the present study a novel analytical procedure for the determination of polybrominated diphenylethers in dust samples was developed.The main aim of the research was the selection of the optimum conditions of the matrix solid-phasedispersion before thefinal determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in dust samples. In order toassess the best usefulness of this technique, a favourable ratio of sample amount to the mass ofdispersing...
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Impacts on human health in the Arctic owing to climate-induced changes in contaminant cycling – The EU ArcRisk project policy outcome
PublicationResults of the EU ArcRisk project on human health impacts in the Arctic owing to climate-induced changes in contaminant cycling are summarized in the context of their policy application. The question on how will climate change affect the transport of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and mercury, both to and within the Arctic has been addressed, as well as the issue of human health impacts of these pollutants in the...
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Improvement of radiotracers experiments in mass transfer processes
PublicationThe greatest part of industrial mass transfer is based on continuous transportation of different substances throughout especially constructed installations. In that kind of practice, a flow of such mass in each part determines the process unit and can be described by the residence time distribution (RTD) of the substance inside this unit. This parameter may be evaluated by the properly arranged tracer experiment. It is worthwhile...
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Mass transfer in Spinning Fluids Reactor — Measurement and prediction
PublicationSpecific mass transfer area (a) and overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) are mass transfer parameters commonly used in the description and comparison of various chemical reactors’ constructions. Determination of these was performed for Spinning Fluids Reactor (SFR). Sodium sulfite oxidation in the presence of cobalt ion catalyst was used for the determination of a and kLa. The a and kLa were successful predicted....
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Mass Customization jako alternatywa dla produkcji masowej
PublicationW publikacji zaprezentowano kluczowe zagadnienia charakteryzujące koncepcję Mass Customization w porównaniu z klasyczną koncepcją produkcji masowej. Przedstawiono definicje i cechy charakteryzujące obie koncepcje produkcji, podjęto próbę porównania obu koncepcji. Skupiając się na koncepcji Mass Customization zestawiono wymagania do projek-towania procesu produkcyjnego wg koncepcji. Skrótowo przedstawiono również wyniki analiz wybranego...
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Modelling of heat and mass transfer through wooden buildings
PublicationThe aim of this review paper is to examine the most recent available studies dealing with theoretical, numerical and experimental aspects related to modelling of heat and mass transfer through wooden buildings. The main thermophysical, mechanical and hygrometric properties of wood are firstly discussed. Then, the basic governing equations of heat and mass transfer phenomena are presented. A detailed description of the physical...
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Analityka surfaktantów w próbkach środowiskowych
PublicationSurfaktanty stanowią grupę związków charakteryzujących się specyficznymi właściwościami fizykochemicznymi (m.in. amfifilowa budowa, zdolność rozpuszczania się w cieczach o różnej polarności, zdolność do tworzenia micelli) i z tego względu są one wykorzystywane w wielu sferach działalności człowieka. Związki powierzchniowo-czynne ulegają różnorodnym przemianom fizykochemicznym, co umożliwia ich migrację między różnymi elementami...
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Application of safirinium N-hydroxysuccinimide esters to derivatization of peptides for high-resolution mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, and fluorescent labeling of bacterial cells
PublicationMass spectrometry methods are commonly used in the identification of peptides and biomarkers. Due to a relatively low abundance of proteins in biological samples, there is a need for the development of novel derivatization methods that would improve MS detection limits. Hence, novel fluorescent N-hydroxysuccinimide esters of dihydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2-ium carboxylates (Safirinium P dyes) have been synthesized. The...
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Experimental study on static and dynamic properties of polymer mass
PublicationA new method of repairing damaged structures by filling the cracks with a specially prepared polymer mass has been recently proposed. This new and innovative technique, known as the Flexible Joint Method (FJM), is mainly dedicated to masonries and historical objects, where minimum intervention is permitted. The flexible joint bonds the disrupted elements and ensures further safe exploitation of a damaged structure. The aim of the...
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A framework for risk matrix design: A case of MASS navigation risk
PublicationRisk matrix, a tool for visualizing risk assessment results, is essential to facilitate the risk communication and risk management in risk-based decision-making processes related to new and unexplored socio-technical systems. The use of an appropriate risk matrix is discussed in the literature, but it is overlooked for emerging technologies such as Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS). In this study, a comprehensive framework...
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Advances in mass spectrometry for iron speciation in plants
PublicationIron is an important nutrient essential for plants and critical for human health. The state-of-the art of methods for iron speciation in cereal grains and plant fluids is critically reviewed. Particular attention is given to the latest developments in the coupling of HPLC with the parallel ICP MS and electrospray ionization (ESI) MS/MS detection, usually QTOF MS or Q-Orbitrap MS, for the identification and quantification of iron...
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Evaluation of Terpene Decomposition in Kaffir Lime Juice during Storage Using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry and Proton Transfer Reaction–Mass Spectrometry
PublicationKaffir lime juice, often treated as production waste, can be a good source of terpenes. These compounds undergo various decomposition processes under the influence of external factors, especially during transportation and storage. In this paper, it was possible to monitor changes in the terpene profile of kaffir lime juice under different storage conditions, namely, 4 ◦C, 20 ◦C, and 35 ◦C. The identification of key decomposition...
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Flood Routing by the Non-Linear Muskingum Model: Conservation of Mass and Momentum
PublicationIn this paper, the conservative properties of the Muskingum equation, commonly applied to solve river flood routing, are analysed. The aim of this analysis is to explain the causes ofthe mass balance error, which is observed in the numerical solutions of its non-linear form. The linear Muskingum model has been considered as a semi-discrete form of the kinematic wave equation and therefore it was possible to derive its two non-linear...
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Mass Spectrometry-Based Direct Analytical Techniques
PublicationDirect analysis of samples is considered as one of the most environmentally sustainable solutions in analytical chemistry. In the ideal case, such solutions do not require sample preparation and analytes separation steps, therefore do not consumpt harmful substances (or consumpt only minimum amounts of them) and do not generate hazardous waste. Technical solutions for direct analysis also offer miniaturized and field-portable analyzers...
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Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled With Mass Spectrometry in Food Analysis
PublicationThe development of instrumental analytical techniques provided the opportunity for in-depth characterization of many food matrices. In particular, the use of gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry gives impressive results in terms of quality and authenticity testing, conducting food freshness evaluations and contamination assessments. A new variant of gas chromatography, namely two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC...
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Preparation of mounting mass
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Low-coherence method of hematocrit measurement
PublicationDuring the last thirty years low-coherence measurement methods have gained popularity because of their unique advantages. Low-coherence interferometry, low-coherence reflectometry and low-coherence optical tomography offer resolution and dynamic range of measurement at the range of classical optical techniques. Moreover, they enable measurements of the absolute value of the optical path differences, which is still an unsolved problem...
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Mobile Gas Chromatographs Coupled with Mass and Ion Mobility Spectrometers and their Applications
PublicationThe articles describes the developments un combining of mass and ion mobility spectrometers (MS, IMS0 with miniature gas chromatographs (GC). The examples of applications of miniaturised GC-MS and GC-IMS devices are presented.
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An optimal form of the finite element mass matrix in the analysis of longitudinal vibrations of rods
PublicationIn this paper, an attempt is made to find the optimal form of the mass matrix of a rod finite element, which allows one to obtain the smallest errors in the longitudinal frequency determination of natural vibrations of any boundary conditions within the whole range of determined frequencies. It is assumed that the mass matrix can be treated as a linear combination of the consistent and diagonal matrices. Based on analytical considerations,...
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Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: Recent evolution and current trends
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Proportional-Derivative and Model-Based Controllers for Control of a Variable Mass Manipulator
PublicationIn the paper, numerical analysis of dynamics of a variable mass manipulator is presented. A revolute joints composed manipulator is considered. Payload of the gripper is considered as the only element characterized by unknown value of its mass (variable between subsequent operations). As in other cases of the revolute joints composed manipulators, its behaviour dependents significantly on the pose of the manipulator. When the manipulator...
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Flow Maps and Flow Patterns of R1233zd(E) in a Circular Minichannel at Low, Medium and High Values of Saturation Pressure
PublicationThere is a gap in knowledge regarding the flow pattern of low-boiling working fluids in the range of high saturation temperatures (above 120°C) and medium and high reduced pressures (0.5-0.9). Data are present in the literature for similar values of reduced pressures, but for lower values of saturation temperature. This is due to the existing refrigeration applications of these working fluids. At high values of reduced pressure,...
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The impact of mass-media campaigns on physical activity: a review of reviews through a policy lens
PublicationBackground This review of reviews aimed to: (1) summarize the evidence from published reviews on the effectiveness of mass-media campaigns to promote physical activity (PA) or PA-related determinants (intermediate psychological and proximal outcomes) and (2) to identify policy-relevant recommendations related to successful PA campaigns. Methods An extensive literature search was performed on 1 March 2021. Reviews that evaluated...