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Search results for: airflow, air stagnation, ecological architecture, natural ventilation, wind comfort,
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Influence of input data on airflow network accuracy in residential buildings with natural wind - and stack - driven ventilation.
PublicationW artykule omówiono wpływ danych wejściowych na dokładność modelu przepływu sieciowego powietrza w budynkach mieszkalnych z naturalną i kominową wentylacją. Zastosowano połączony model AFN-BES. Wyniki numeryczne omówiono dla 8 różnych przypadków z różnymi danymi ciśnienia wiatru. Wyniki pokazały, że ogromny wpływ danych wejściowych dotyczących ciśnienia wiatru na wyniki numeryczne.
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Wind Conditions at Pedestrian Level in Different Types of Residential Urban Development for a High Degree of Land Use Efficiency
PublicationThe paper concerns wind conditions around urban building development at the pedestrian level. The article aims to identify aerodynamic phenomena around three types of multi-family housing developmentswith different forms and the same urban parameters of building development intensity (high intensity was taken into account). The aim of the research was mainly to achieve qualitative results that would lead to understanding fundamental...
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Influence of external climate on natural ventilation performance in buildings
PublicationNatural ventilation is driven by either buoyancy forces or wind pressure forces or their combinations that inherit stochastic variation into ventilation rates [ CITATION Hun99 \l 1045 ]. We now that these factors have influence on air flow speed and thermal comfort inside building. This work examines the relationship between external climate and natural ventilation including thermal comfort. The work tries in the first instance...
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ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL VENTILATION SYSTEM FOR A TYPICAL RESIDENTIAL HOUSE IN POLAND
PublicationThe paper presents the research results of field measurements campaign of natural ventilation performance and effectiveness in a residential building. The building is located in the microclimate whose parameters differ significantly in relation to a representative weather station. The measurement system recorded climate parameters and the physical variables characterizing the air flow in the rooms within 14 days of the winter season....
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Natural ventilation performance of family building in cold climate during windless time
PublicationIn this paper, the field measurements results are presented on the stack ventilation effect. The paper presents the results of performance (air change rate ACH) natural ventilation for building with inlet gap measured for the transitional season (between heating and summer season). The measurements were performed during a windless time. The house was located in northern Poland, in a cold climate region. The measurement system...
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Application of the Chimney Cap as a Method of Improving the Effectiveness of Natural Ventilation in Buildings
PublicationAdequately designed natural ventilation is the cheapest and easiest way to effectively remove indoor pollutants and keep the air inside a building fresh. A prediction of the performance and effectiveness of ventilation in order to determine the design of a ventilation system can provide real and long-term cost savings. The worst time in terms of the efficiency of natural ventilation is the spring-autumn transition period [7]. In...
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Natural ventilation performance of family building in cold climate during windy days
PublicationAdequately designed natural ventilation is the cheapest and easiest way to effectively remove indoor pollutants and keep the fresh air inside a building. A prediction of performance and effectiveness of ventilation in order to determine the design of a ventilation system can provide real and long term cost savings. The paper presents results of performance (air change rate ACH) and effectiveness (CO2 concentration in the breathing...
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AN IMPACT OF THE EFFICIENT FUNCTIONING OF THE VENTILATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING SYSTEM ON THERMAL COMFORT OF THE MEDICAL STAFF IN THE OPERATING ROOM
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Effect of different ventilation systems on air quality, heat consumption and psycho-physical comfort in modern residential buildings
PublicationArtykuł omawia wpływ różnych systemów wentylacji na jakość powietrza, zużycie ciepła i komfort psychiczno-fizyczny w nowoczesnych domach mieszkalnych na terenie Niemiec. Badania wykonano na kompleksie domków jednorodzinnych. Zbadano wpływ 4 systemów wentylacji.
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Environmental impact of construction. Methods of conscious shaping architecture in terms of ecological solutions
PublicationShaping an ecologically conscious society is a process that also affects architecture. Currently, designers are eagerly looking for solutions that are beneficial in terms of carbon footprint. For the proper multi-criteria assessment and selection of adequate solutions, it is necessary to use appropriate tools such as, for example, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method or the rules of ecological certification (BREEAM and LEED)....
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The methods of heat recovery in air conditioning and ventilation systems
PublicationPrzedstawiono wybrane metody i urządzenia do odzysku ciepła takie jak: recyrkulacja, regeneratory obrotowe, rekuperatory, rurki cieplne,układy z czynnikiem pośredniczącym, pompy ciepła oraz układy hybrydowe. Przedyskutowano podstawowe kryteriium oceny odzysku ciepła oraz efektywność cieplną wymiennika w układzie odzysku ciepła.
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A compartment model of alveolar–capillary oxygen diffusion with ventilation–perfusion gradient and dynamics of air transport through the respiratory tract
PublicationThis paper presents a model of alveolar–capillary oxygen diffusion with dynamics of air transport through the respiratory tract. For this purpose electrical model representing the respiratory tract mechanics and differentia equations representing oxygen membrane diffusion are combined. Relevant thermodynamic relations describing the mass of oxygen transported into the human body are proposed as the connection between these models,...
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Numerical investigations of effect of indoor air quality on thermal comfort in residential buildings.
PublicationArtykuł przedstawia wyniki numeryczne MES odnośnie wpływu koncentracji CO2 w lokalnej strefie powietrza w budynkach mieszkalnych naturalnie wentylowanych na zachowanie mieszkańców. Obliczenia wykonano w 2 wymiarach. Zbadano wpływ położenia mieszkańców i prędkości wchodzącego powietrza.
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Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Comfort in Naturally Ventilated Low-Energy Residential Houses
PublicationRozdział omawia jakość powietrza i termiczny komfort w naturalnie wentylowanych energooszczędnych budynkach mieszkalnych. Obliczenia wykonano metoda elementów skończonych dla wentylacji naturalnej. Uwzględniono 2 różne położenia wlotów powietrza oraz system grzewczy kaloryferowy i podłogowy. Wyniki MES porównano z doświadczeniami.
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Life Cycle Analysis of Ecological Impacts of an Offshore and a Land-Based Wind Power Plant
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The Impact of Forms of Buildings on the Air Exchange in Their Environment. Based on the Example of Urban Development in Warsaw
PublicationPossibilities for energy-efficient, natural ventilation of buildings in an urban environment depend on the airflow around them. This chapter deals with the issue of dependence of air exchange in urban spaces on the building forms used in them and on relative position of these buildings. The authors focused on the problem of air stagnation in dense urban development. This phenomenon increases the energy demand of buildings. The...
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Sensitivity of personalized ventilation air terminal device geometry with regard to a human thermal sensation
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Natural modes of an active slab microcavity with air-filled periodic inclusions
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The influence of the development of private air communication on the architecture and urban planning of the 21st century
PublicationIn the first part, the article describes the stages of the development of gyroplanes and the influence of wartime policy on the interest in light aircraft. Also presented are links and the possibilities of using gyroplanes in various sectors of the economy. The authors, based on source texts, present the current position of the aviation industry in the Polish economy and attempt to diagnose its development capabilities. As a result,...
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Improvement of the Chimney Effect in Stack Ventilation
PublicationThe article is focused on the airflow in a ventilation system in a building. The work examines the methods which enhance the chimney effect. In this paper, three cases with different chimneys were analyzed for the full-scale experiment. These cases were characterized by different geometrical and material parameters, leading to differences in the intensity of the ventilation airflow. The common denominator of the cases was the room...
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An analysis of wind conditions at pedestrian level in the selected types of multi-family housing developments
PublicationThe following article addresses the issue of wind conditions around urban building development at pedestrian level. Factors that depend on those issues include wind comfort and air quality within urbanized spaces. The conditions specific of cities located in a temperate climate zone have been taken into account. The article is intended to identify aerodynamic phenomena characteristic of the three basic types of multi-family building...
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Influence of external walls' thermal capacitance on indoor thermal comfort
PublicationThe doctoral thesis presents the results of numerical investigations on the influence of walls’ thermal capacitance on indoor thermal comfort. A proper set of thermal parameters of a building structure can considerably limit the heating / cooling demand, and passively increase the indoor thermal comfort. However the effect of building thermal capacitance on indoor conditions is complex and not always beneficial. Among a great number...
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A framework for Air Quality Management Zones - Useful GIS-based tool for urban planning: Case studies in Antwerp and Gdańsk
PublicationThere is a growing recognition of the importance of proper urban design in the improvement of air flow and pollution dispersion and in reducing human exposure to air pollution. However, a limited number of studies have been published so far focusing on the development of standard procedures which could be applied by urban planners to effectively evaluate urban conditions with respect to air quality. To fill this gap, a new approach...
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MORPHOLOGY OF BUILDING DEVELOPMENT AS AN ELEMENT OF URBAN VENTIALTION SYSTEM
PublicationProblems related to air quality in large urban agglomerations (e.g., high concentration of pollutants, the urban heat island phenomenon) make it necessary to take comprehensive measures to improve air exchange in urban areas.The article concerns the relationship between wind phenomena observable in cities and the geometrical features of building development. The knowledge on the subject is already well-founded and has been intensively...
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ANALYSIS OF WIND CONDITIONS AROUND A BUILDING DEVELOPMENT AS A PART OF ITS FORM DESIGNING PROCESS, A CASE STUDY
PublicationAerodynamic phenomena that occurs around building developments exert a significant impact on the quality of climate in cities. Environmental wind engineering is a dynamically developing field of knowledge that offers a chance to study and, in consequence, regulates the air flow around buildings and complexes of building developments. The following paper discusses the issue of wind conditions that may be experienced on pedestrian...
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Indoor air quality in public utility environments-a review
PublicationIndoor air quality has been the object of interest for scientists and specialists from the fields of science such as chemistry, medicine and ventilation system design. This results from a considerable number of potential factors, which may influence the quality of the broadly understood indoor air in a negative way. Poor quality of indoor air in various types of public utility buildings may significantly affect an increase in the...
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COMBINING FUNCTIONAL AND AESTHETIC ASPECTS OF DAYLIGHTING IN SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE WITH THE USE OF DIGITAL DESIGN METHODS
PublicationThe aesthetics of modern architecture should relate to its origins and goals - the environment, function, sustainability and its users. One of the conditions that meet the criteria is the presence of daylight and the use of its potential. The contemporary digital tools that support the design process allow to controlling the use of difficult and capricious materials, such as daylight. They also combine daylighting aspects with...
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Exposure to cooking emitted volatile organic compounds with recirculating and extracting ventilation solutions
PublicationEnergy-efficient urban development leads to the compact design of apartments. Recirculating ventilation solutions are an attempt to minimize the space required for ventilation ducting, but more data on their performance are needed. Cooking is a major source of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions. It is necessary to assess how well recirculating kitchen hoods perform in reducing the residents' exposure to cooking fumes compared...
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Modelling of spirometry - the application for diagnostic purposes
PublicationThe process of the tissue oxygen supply is the fundamental process of the human life. The lung functioning consists of three processes: the ventilation, the perfusion and the diffusion. The paper deals with one of these processes which is the ventilation process. The quality of the pulmonary ventilation has a strong influence on the patient's health condition. Numerous limitations are imposed on conditions of the lung quality measurement,...
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Architektura statków pasażerskich XX wieku.
PublicationArchitektura okrętów jako dyscyplina naukowa zajmuje się projektowaniem wnętrz oraz sylwet, jak również systematyką przestrzenną statków. Referat przedstawia rozwój architektury statków pasażerskich, które powstały w XX w. od momentu pojawienia się nowej dyscypliny naukowej – architektury okrętów, której prekursorami byli pracownicy Wydziału Architektury PG, aż do przełomu wieków XX i XXI. Statki pasażerskie ulegały przemianom,...
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Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements of Airflow in Electrohydrodynamic Device for Dust Particle Collection
PublicationIn this paper the pumping effect of air in the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) device for dust particle collection is presented. To induce an airflow in this EHD device corona discharge was used. The discharge was generated between the one-sided spike electrodes and the plate electrodes. The asymmetric electric field and generated discharge resulted in a unidirectional airflow through the EHD device. The current-voltage characteristics...
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Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Actuators
PublicationThis paper presents a part of the works conducted in the Plasmaero European project (task 1.1) on surface dielectric barrier discharge actuators applied to airflow control. The study is divided into several parts. In the first part, the goal is to enhance the electric wind produced by a typical single DBD actuator by optimization of the active electrode shape. For instance, the use of a thin wire instead of a plate air-exposed...
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Computational Fluid Dynamic study on the wind characteristics of a multifunctional building system model in developed coastal cities
PublicationThis paper presents an approach for providing innovative technology by applying fluid mechanics to the field of architectural design. The aim is to make a building’s shape profitable and strengthen environmental protection by using the wind force to create an integrated wind absorption definition for a multifunctional building system model. Furthermore, taking control of the wind flow over an object can have an impact on not only...
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Rational Use of Primary Energy in Single-Family Residential Houses
PublicationThis work presents results of the primary energy use for heating residential single-family house. Analysis includes domestic hot water system (DHW) and heating, ventilation and air condition system (HVAC). During researches the conventional and alternative energy sources (natural gas, biomass, fuel oil, bituminous coal, lignite or electric energy obtained from electric power system – EPS) were used in DHW and HVAC systems. Furthermore...
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Integrating modelling, simulation and data management tools to create a planning support system for the improvement of air quality by urban planning solutions
PublicationThe urbanization pressure requires urban planners, designers, and policy makers to be more responsive to the challenges related to improving the quality of the urban environment and the living conditions of the inhabitants. One of the many environmental issues that need to be taken into account is urban air pollution. As the process of urban ventilation and air pollution dis-persion is significantly affected by the urban layout,...
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Reducing Air Pollutant Emissions from the Residential Sector by Switching to Alternative Energy Sources in Single-Family Homes
PublicationThe paper discusses a scenario for adapting residential buildings to the requirements of the EU climate and energy package. It analyzes the option of reducing pollutant emissions to ambient air by switching to alternative energy sources in a typical single-family residential building. The most common sources of energy in central heating and ventilation systems and water heating systems were compared, and the analyzed energy carriers...
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Comparative Analysis of Numerical and Experimental Studies of the Airflow Around the Sample of Urban Development
PublicationIn this paper, on the background of a short overview of the recent advances in the field of Environmental Wind Engineering (EWE), a comparison of wind tunnel experiment and numerical simulation for some cases of airflow around an urban layout have been reported. The purpose of the study is quantitative and qualitative comparison of measurements in the wind tunnel as well as numerical simulation using Ansys Fluent software. The...
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Developing the Urban Blue-Green Infrastructure as a Tool for Urban Air Quality Management
PublicationUrban structure is an important factor that shapes the process of urban ventilation and pollution dispersion. With proper planning of the urban spatial layout, city breathability can be effectively regulated, contributing to urban air quality improvement. This paper investigates the development and current management of urban systems of green and open spaces in four Polish cities: Gda ´nsk, Warsaw, Pozna ´n and Wrocław, with a...
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Sources of inspiration in designing ecological buildings. If not Pinterest than what?
PublicationEfficiency of ecological measures for sustainable architecture depends greatly upon the moment in which it is defined as essential, and how early it can be applied during the design concept stage. The following article refers to inspiration, the initial stage of the design and means to combine it with substantial knowledge regarding ecological architecture. Means, such as computer programs...
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THE INFLUENCE OF THE URBAN DESIGN ON THE AIR EXCHANGE IN CITIES. SELECTED PROBLEMS IN POLISH REALITY
PublicationThe progress of the architecture and urbanism raises problems requiring interdisciplinary research conducted with the use of advanced experimental techniques and computer simulation. The fields of this research include aerodynamics, especially in intensively developed area of Environmental Wind Engineering (EWE). Aerodynamic phenomena occurring around buildings have a significant impact on the quality of the climate in the cities....
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Adaptation of the arbitrary Lagrange–Euler approach to fluid–solid interaction on an example of high velocity flow over thin platelet
PublicationThe aim of this study is to analyse the behaviour of a thin plate with air flow velocities of 0.3–0.9 Ma. Data from the experiment and numerical tools were used for the analysis. For fluid–solid interaction calculations, the arbitrary Lagrange–Euler approach was used. The results of the measurements are twofold. The first one is the measurement of the flow before and after vibrating plate, i.e. pure flow plate, and the second consists...
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THE ARCHITECTURE OF DAYLIGHT IN THE DISCOURSE ABOUT THE AESTHETICS OF SUSTAINABILITY
PublicationThe need to create ecological and energy efficient architecture is evident today. In the contemporary discourse on architecture more and more attention is dedicated to the aesthetics that expresses the idea of sustainability. The article is a voice in this debate, concentrating on the architecture that features daylight. Solar light comes from the natural environment and brings some substantial benefits for the architectural space,...
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Fabrication and Characterization of Green Polyurethane Foams with Enhanced Vibration Damping Capability
PublicationOver the past decades, there has been an intensive development of the technologies and innovations aimed at increasing the quality of life. This development largely concerns the comfort of use of everyday products that, among others, are products of the automotive, construction, or furniture industries. Considering the increase in the comfort of using products such as cars, houses, and flats, one of the comfort features of their...
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ENERGY STORAGE IN COMPRESSED AIR – SOLUTION SUPPORTING RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
PublicationThis article presents a brief description of a power system, the current national power system daily load, the use of wind power as a renewable energy source and its share in the national load. It also discusses the methods for storing energy, their characteristics and possible solutions. The power storage and generation solution proposed in the article is based on the collaboration between a gas turbine and an air storage system....
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Atmospheric deposition of microplastics in the coastal zone: Characteristics and relationship with meteorological factors
PublicationThe quantitative and qualitative compositions of microplastics (MPs) deposited from the atmosphere in the coastal zone were analysed. Moreover, links between MP deposition and meteorological factors (air humidity, wind speed, precipitation height, and air mass trajectories) were investigated
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The Use of Sensory Analysis Techniques to Assess the Quality of Indoor Air
PublicationThe quality of indoor air is one of the significant elements that influences people's well-being and health inside buildings. Emissions of pollutants, which may cause odor nuisance, are the main reason for people's complaints regarding the quality of indoor air. As a result, it is necessary to perform tests aimed at identifying the sources of odors inside buildings. The article contains basic information on the characteristics...
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Aerodynamics in the education of prospective architects
PublicationThe inclusion of issues of aerodynamics in the education of architecture students is discussed in this article. The field of aerodynamics knowledg of the nature of wind phenomena around building developments. It is especially important to know how to influence the occurrence of such phenomena by means of shaping buildings through architectural and urban design. The method applied for working with Master’s degree students in...
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Theoretical Organic Rankine Cycle efficiency depending on different thermodynamic work variables.
PublicationOne of promising technologies of utilizing low- temperature waste heat is through ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) system implementation. A primary objective in designing in-stallations based on such systems is to maximize the installation's work efficiency. On the other hand, ecological factors are commonly considered a natural barrier in introducing new, often very expensive technologies. Ecological effect of a potential modernization...
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Control of the wind turbine generator
PublicationWind power system consists of two main parts: wind turbine and electrical generator. Wind turbine converts the energy of the flowing air into mechanical energy, next generator converts this energy into electrical energy that is sent to the power system. These two processes should be realized with maximum efficiency and the following requirements for the control system can be formulated: opti-mal wind power conversion, compensation...
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Tourism for older and disabled people
PublicationTourist offer for the older and disabled is getting wider. Many hotels and cities are adjusted to disabled people's needs, but there are not enough safe places for leisure, where they could be surrounded by nature. In comparison with cities - villages and small towns have very little to offer as far as tourism is concerned. This problem is noticed by small local communities that threat it as a chance for their economical development....