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Search results for: physical and chemical
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A history of the physical and chemical stability of pharmaceuticals : a review
Publication: There is a great need for a broad range review of stability tests of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in comparison with current requirements contained in the pharmacopoeia. This review focuses on a pharmaceutical history of physical and chemical stability determination. Traditional knowledge must be considered in the context of physical stability, while new knowledge must be applied and acquired in terms of identification...
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Chapter 14. Physical and chemical interaction of componenets in food systems
PublicationBiałka, lipidy, sacharydy, składniki mineralne, woda i inne związki występują w żywności w postaci roztworów i różnych mikrostruktur - kropelek, globulek, kryształów, włókienek i błon. Reaktywne grupy funkcyjne tych składników wchodzą w warunkach przechowywania i obróbki, szczególnie po zniszczeniu oryginalnych struktur, w interakcje wpływające na barwę, zapach, smak i reologiczne właściwości żywności. W technologii żywności wykorzystuje...
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Synthesis, physical and chemical properties of polyetherurethanes modified by natural antioxidant
PublicationOtrzymano nowe polieterouretany modyfikowane witaminą E. Ten naturalny przeciwutleniacz związany został z makrocząsteczkami w postaci bocznych odgałęzień poprzez wiązanie eterowe lub uretanowe, zależnie od użytego w syntezie jednego z dwóch rodzajów otrzymanych uprzednio monomerów. Polimery scharakteryzowano mierząc wytrzymałość na rozciąganie i twardość oraz absorpcję wody i oleju słonecznikowego. Odporność chemiczną badano oznaczając...
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Removal of indicator bacteria from treated wastewater using physical and chemical methods. Pilot plant study.
PublicationEven after highly efficient biological processes the effluents from wastewater treatment plants may contain significant number of fecal bacteria, from 104 to 106 CFU/100 mL. Since no standards are set on the bacteriological quality of treated wastewater in Poland the elimination of bacterial contaminants is not a priority in wastewater treatment policy. Thus microbiological hazards become particularly significant in the situation...
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Influence of the Tool Rotational Speed on Physical and Chemical Properties of Dissimilar Friction-Stir-Welded AA5083/AA6060 Joints
PublicationAluminum alloys have been successfully used in the railroad and automotive industries because of their potential to significantly reduce component weights, and their good mechanical and anti-corrosion properties. Problems with joining aluminum alloys are characterized by low weldability, which influences the need for studies focused on unconventional methods. The environmentally friendly and low-cost friction-stir-welding method...
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Physical-chemical processes of diamond grinding
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Wpływ procesu suszenia osadów ściekowych na wybrane parametry fizykochemiczne = Influence of the drying process on selected physical and chemical properties od sewage sludge
PublicationCelem pracy było porównanie zmian właściwości fizykochemicznych w wyniku zastosowanego procesu suszenia osadów ściekowych. W badaniach wykorzystano osady ściekowe: odwodniony mechanicznie w prasach komorowych oraz wysuszony w suszarce bębnowej w spalarni osadów ściekowych GOŚ Gdynia-Dębogórze
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Chemical structures and physical properties of cured segmental polyurethanes
PublicationPrzedmiotem badań były poliuretany (PUR) segmentowe otrzymywane w dwuetapowej syntezie oligomerycznego α,ω-dihydroksy(adypinianu etylenowo-butylenowego) oraz dwóch różnych aromatycznych diizocyjanianów: 4,4'-diizocyjanianu difenylenometanu (MDI) albo MDI modyfikowanego diizocyjanianem karbodiimidu. Na etapie przedłużania łańcucha, oprócz typowo używanego do tego celu 1,4-butanodiolu, stosowano triol - 1,3-dihydroksy-2-(hydroksymetyleno)propan...
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Physical, Chemical and Mechanical Properties of Novel Poly(Urethaneamideimide)s
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Crystal structure, chemical bonding, and physical properties of layered AIrSn2 (A = Sr and Ba)
PublicationWe report the experimental and theoretical investigation of structure, chemical bonding interactions, and physical properties of new ternary stannides AIrSn2 (A = Sr and Ba). AIrSn2 (A = Sr and Ba) crystallizes in the orthorhombic Re3B-type structure with the space group Cmcm (No. 64). According to single-crystal X-ray diffraction results, the structure of AIrSn2 (A = Sr and Ba) can be considered as a Zintl-type compound with heterogeneous...
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Physical, chemical and biochemical properties of Western Siberia Sphagnum and Carex peat soils
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Characterization of the Physical, Chemical, and Adsorption Properties of Coal-Fly-Ash–Hydroxyapatite Composites
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Physical, Chemical and Biological Changes in the Gulf of Gdańsk Ecosystem (Southern Baltic Sea).
PublicationPrzedstawiono fizyczne, chemiczne i biologiczne zmiany zachodzące w ekosystemie Zatoki Gdańskiej (Południowy Bałtyk. Opisano klimat (temp. wody, opady poziom morza, zasolenie), fluktuację stężeń związków biogennych (azotany,fosforany, krzemiany), poziom organicznych zanieczyszczeń (POP´s, PcB´, pestycydy, WWA) oraz zmiany w biologicznym życiu morza.
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Exploring synergistic effects in physical-chemical activation of Acorus calamus for water treatment solutions
PublicationThe research proposed a novel method of obtaining sorption material from readily available Acorus calamus bio- mass through a combination of physical and chemical activation processes. The material with the highest specific surface area (1652 m2 g−1) was obtained by physical activation with CO2, followed by chemical activation with KOH. Reversing the order of activation methods resulted in a lower specific surface area (1014 m2...
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Chemical, Physical, and Mechanical Properties of 95-Year-Old Concrete Built-In Arch Bridge
PublicationThis research aimed to determine the durability and strength of an old concrete built-in arch bridge based on selected mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of the concrete. The bridge was erected in 1925 and is located in Jagodnik (northern Poland). Cylindrical specimens were taken from the side ribs connected to the top plate using a concrete core borehole diamond drill machine. The properties of the old concrete were...
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Chemical structures, rheological and physical properties of biopolyols prepared via solvothermal liquefaction of Enteromorpha and Zostera marina biomass
PublicationIn this work, liquefied biomass from the Baltic Sea was used for the preparation of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams. The biomass contained 10 wt% of Enteromorpha macroalgae and 90 wt% of Zostera marina seagrass characterized by a high content of cellulose. The influence of time, temperature and the type of solvent on the efficiency of the liquefaction process and properties of biopolyols was determined. Obtained materials were analyzed...
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Dissolved and colloidal organic nitrogen removal from WWTP effluents and reject waters using physical-chemical processes
PublicationFour physical-chemical processes were compared in terms of the efficiencies of dissolved and colloidal organic nitrogen (DON and CON) removal from the secondary effluents (SE) and reject water from full-scale biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems. Adsorption on activated carbon was most efficient and allowed to remove from the SE up to 80% and 100% of DON and CON, respectively. High efficiencies of DON removal from...
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Two-step Conversion of Crude Glycerol Generated by Biodiesel Production into Biopolyols: Synthesis, Structural and Physical Chemical Characterization
PublicationIn this work biopolyols were synthesized via two-step process from crude glycerol and castor oil. For better evaluation of analyzed process, the impact of its time and temperature on the structure and properties of biopolyols was determined. Obtained results fully justified conducting of synthesis in two steps. Prepared materials were characterized by hydroxyl value and water content comparable to polyols industrially applied in...
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Effect of storing persimmon (Diospyros kaki) fruits under shelf life conditions on selected physical parameters and chemical composition
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Synthesis, physical–chemical properties and in vitro photodynamic activity against oral cancer cells of novel porphyrazines possessing fluoroalkylthio and dietherthio substituents
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Synergistic effect of carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes on improving thermal stability and flame retardancy of polypropylene: a combination of a physical network and chemical crosslinking
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Effect of the ex situ physical and in situ chemical modification of bacterial nanocellulose on mechanical properties in the context of its potential applications in heart valve design
PublicationBacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a promising material for heart valve prostheses. However, its low strength properties limit its applicability in cardiovascular surgery. To overcome these limitations, the mechanical properties of BNC can be improved through modifications. The aim of the research was to investigate the extent to which the mechanical properties of BNC can be altered by modifying its structure during its production...
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Correction: Synergistic effect of carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes on improving thermal stability and flame retardancy of polypropylene: a combination of a physical network and chemical crosslinking
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A Comprehensive Approach to Azo Dichlorotriazine Dye Treatment: Assessing the Impact of Physical, Chemical, and Biological Treatment Methods through Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
PublicationThis exploration investigates integrated treatment systems combining advanced oxidation processes (Fenton and photo-Fenton) with biological methods for the effective elimination of stubborn organic compounds in simulated textile wastewater composed of azo Dichlorotriazine dye. A comprehensive optimization of key process factors including catalyst dosage, hydrogen peroxide quantity, irradiation duration, etc. was systematically...
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Preparation of platinum modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles with the use of laser ablation in water
PublicationWe report on the preparation method of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide modified with platinum by using nanosecond laser ablation in liquid (LAL). Titania in the form of anatase crystals has been prepared in a two-stage process. Initially, irradiation by laser beam of a titanium metal plate fixed in a glass container filled with deionized water was conducted. After that, the ablation process was continued, with the use of a platinum...
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A general approach to study molecular fragmentation and energy redistribution after an ionizing event
PublicationWe propose to combine quantum chemical calculations, statistical mechanical methods, and photoionization and particle collision experiments to unravel the redistribution of internal energy of the furan cation and its dissociation pathways. This approach successfully reproduces the relative intensity of the different fragments as a function of the internal energy of the system in photoelectron–photoion coincidence experiments and...
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Hydroperoxyl radical and formic acid formation from common DNA stabilizers upon low energy electron attachment
Publication2-Amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (TRIS) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) are key components of biological buffers and are frequently used as DNA stabilizers in irradiation studies. Such surface or liquid phase studies are done with the aim to understand the fundamental mechanisms of DNA radiation damage and to improve cancer radiotherapy. When ionizing radiation is used, abundant secondary electrons are formed...
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Reactivity induced at 25 K by low-energy electron irradiation of condensed NH3-CH3COOD (1:1) mixture
PublicationW wyniku bombardowania niskoenergetycznymi elektronami skondensowanej mieszaniny kwasu octowego (CH3COOD) i amoniaku (NH3) następuje synteza najprostszego aminokwasu - glicyny - bez potrzeby dodatkowej aktywacji termicznej. Filmy molekularne przed i po bombardowaniu elektronami były badane techniką HREELS.
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Effects of acceptor doping on a metalorganic switch: DFT vs. model analysis
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Efficient sampling of high-energy states by machine learning force fields
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Defect engineering, microstructural examination and improvement of ultrafast third harmonic generation in GaZnO nanostructures: a study of e-beam irradiation
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Electron attachment and electron iozization of acetic acid clusters embedded in helium nanodroplets
PublicationThe effect of incident electrons on acetic acid clusters is explored for the first time. The acetic acid clusters are formed inside liquid helium nanodroplets and both cationic and anionic productsejected in to the gas phase aredetected by mass spectrometry.
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Visible-light-induced photocatalysis through surface Plasmon excitation of gold on titania surfaces
PublicationPietnascie komercyjnych probek tlenku tytanu(IV) zostalo zmodyfikowanych zlotem za pomoca fotodepozycji oraz scharakteryzowanych. Fotoaktywnosci proszkow Au/TiO2 zostaly przebadane dla fotodegradacji kwasu octowego i 2-propanolu podczas naswietlania promieniowaniem widzialnym oraz ultrafioletowym. Wykazano, ze fotokatalityczne aktywnosci scisle zaleza od wlasciwosci nanoczastek zlota i tlenku tytanu. Analizy spektrum działania...
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A XAS study of a highly diluted Pt electrocatalyst operating in PEM fuel cells
PublicationWe present an X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) study of a low Pt content catalyst layer(Pt loading 0.1 mg c2) operating at the cathode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC). This catalyst is based on the use of a mesoporous inorganic matrix as a support forthe catalyst Pt nanoparticles. Due to the high Pt dilution, in situ measurements of itsstructural properties by XAS are challenging and suitable experimental strategies...
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Hydrophobic hydration and pairwise hydrophobic interaction of Lennard-Jones and Mie particles in different water models
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Radiative lifetime of a BODIPY dye as calculated by TDDFT and EOM-CCSD methods: solvent and vibronic effects
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Energy levels in CaWO4:Tb3+ at high pressure
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Comparison of quenching mechanisms in Gd3Al5−xGaxO12:Ce3+ (x = 3 and 5) garnet phosphors by photocurrent excitation spectroscopy
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Temperature effect on the emission spectra of narrow band Mn4+phosphors for application in LEDs
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Spectroscopic properties and location of the Tb3+ and Eu3+ energy levels in Y2O2S under high hydrostatic pressure
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Spectroscopic properties and location of the Ce3+ energy levels in Y3Al2Ga3O12 and Y3Ga5O12 at ambient and high hydrostatic pressure
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Reply to the ‘Comment on “Spectroscopic properties and location of the Ce3+ energy levels in Y3Al2Ga3O12 and Y3Ga5O12 at ambient and high hydrostatic pressure”’ by Y. Wang, M. Głowacki, M. Berkowski, A. Kamińska and A. Suchocki, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2019, 21, DOI: 10.1039/C8CP06154H
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Study of persistent luminescence and thermoluminescence in SrSi2N2O2:Eu2+,M3+(M = Ce, Dy, and Nd)
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Spectroscopic properties of high-temperature sintered SrS:0.05%Ce3+ under high hydrostatic pressure
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Spectroscopic properties and location of the Tb3+ and Eu3+ energy levels in Y2O2S under high hydrostatic pressure
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Peculiar hydrogen bonding behaviour of water molecules inside the aqueous nanochannels of lyotropic liquid crystals
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Unusual cis-diprotonated forms and fluorescent aggregates of non-peripherally alkoxy-substituted metallophthalocyanines
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Solvation of 2-(hydroxymethyl)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-chroman-6-ol revealed by circular dichroism: a case of chromane helicity rule breaking
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Molecular biaxiality determines the helical structure – infrared measurements of the molecular order in the nematic twist-bend phase of difluoro terphenyl dimer
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Soft modes of the dielectric response in the twist–bend nematic phase and identification of the transition to a nematic splay bend phase in the CBC7CB dimer
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