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Search results for: shape memory polymers
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Smart Materials in Architecture: Useful Tools with Practical Applications or Fascinating Inventions for Experimental Design?
PublicationFor at least several decades smart or so-called intelligent materials, being the result of great advancements in material engineering, appear in architecture in different applications. Most of them are called "smart" because of their inherent properties: a real-time response to environmental stimuli. There are also those considered to be "smart" due to smart design: their original structure or the composition of their materials...
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Sustainability of Civil Structures through the Application of Smart Materials: A Review
PublicationEvery year, structural flaws or breakdowns cause thousands of people to be harmed and cost billions of dollars owing to the limitations of design methods and materials to withstand extreme earthquakes. Since earthquakes have a significant effect on sustainability factors, there is a contradiction between these constraints and the growing need for more sustainable structures. There has been a significant attempt to circumvent...
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Seismic performance evaluation of steel buckling-restrained braced frames including SMA materials
PublicationThe permanent deformation of the building after seismic excitations can be determined by the Maximum Residual Interstory Drift Ratio (MR-IDR), which may be used for measuring the damage states. Low-post yield stiffness of the steel buckling-restrained braced frame (BRBF) makes this system vulnerable to large MR-IDR after a severe earthquake event. To overcome this issue, this paper investigates the seismic limit state performances...
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Functional Materials
e-Learning CoursesPrerequisites: The course is primarily open to all PhD students at Gdansk University of Technology. This course is compulsory for PhD students assigned to Automation, Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Space Technologies tracks at Doctoral School at Gdańsk University of Technology Content During the course students will learn about different classes of intelligent materials and a strong emphasis will be placed on their practical...
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Sustainable polymers targeted at the surgical and otolaryngological applications: Circularity and future
PublicationThe ongoing climate changes, high air and noise pollution have significant impact on humans’ health. This influence is especially visible in otolaryngology, which focuses on respiratory and hearing systems disfunctions. However, even though surgeries are done in response to diseases related to climate changes, they also have a negative impact on the environment, mostly connected with the inherence of single-use fossil fuel derived...
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Enhancing seismic performance of rigid and semi-rigid connections equipped with SMA bolts incorporating nonlinear soil-structure interaction
PublicationNowadays, using smart connections can improve the performance of buildings with some recentering features that are from the superelastic behavior of Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs). It seems that there is different rigidity between the designed connection and the real one in Steel Moment-Resisting Frames (SMRFs), which can be considered as a problematic issue due to the importance of connections in seismic performance assessment. This...
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Enhancing seismic performance of buckling-restrained brace frames equipped with innovative bracing systems
PublicationNowadays, to improve the performance of conventional bracing systems, in which, buckling in the pressure loads is the main disadvantage, the buckling-restrained brace (BRB) is introduced as a solution. In this study, the performance of the BRB system was improved with innovative lateral-resisting systems of double-stage yield buckling-restrained brace (DYB), and a combination of DYB improved with shape memory alloy (SMA) materials...
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Rheology of liquid crystalline polymers
PublicationLiquid crystallinity was invented in the 19th century. It was sometimes called the fourth state of matter because of the ability of macromolecules to generate liquid crystal phases. The main classification divided liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) into lyotropic and thermotropic types. Interpretation of the rheological behavior of LCP is more complicated than for other polymers. Ordinary polymers are characterized by a normal...
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Memory and Imagination: Artwork as a Form of Testimony
PublicationAs the generation of witnesses is passing away and the testimonies of Shoah survivors are replaced by an inherited, culturally constructed memory - post-memory – art becomes a meaningful landmark in the landscape of memory. Although the narration of history - being the researchers’ discourse rather than an objective view - has been considered to a certain extent fictitious, the difference between real and fictional, between remembering...
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Semantic Memory for Avatars in Cyberspace
PublicationAvatars that show intelligent behavior should have an access to general knowledge about the world, knowledge that humans store in their semantic memories. The simplest knowledge representation for semantic memory is based on the Concept Description Vectors (CDVs) that store, for each concept, an information whether a given property can be applied to this concept or not. Unfortunately large-scale semantic memories are not available....
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MEMORY
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Polymers doped by Ca or P. Chemical composition investigations
Open Research DataThe calcium and phosphorus doped polyurethane polymers (PU) were analyzed by XPS method. A series of samples with various content of Ca and P dopand - from 0% up to 21%) were selected for measutements. The chemical composition and valence state of elements were measurements using OmicronNatechnology UHV system wih Argus hemispherical photoelectron...
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Contemporary Spaces of Memory - Towards Transdisciplinarity in Architecture
PublicationThe paper explores new phenomena in the contemporary practice of commemoration implemented through architecture. Architectural objects related to memory can be a place where new trends and phenomena appear earlier than in other architectural objects. The text is an attempt to prove that these new spaces of memory are a kind of laboratory where new ideas taking place in architecture and related disciplines are being tested. Research...
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Synthesis and electrochemical characteristics of novel dithiocarbamate polymers
PublicationNovel dithiocarbamate compounds have been obtained by reacting a linear poly(ethylenimine)polymer, MW 50,000, with CS2. The resulting anionic polymers contain, depending on the reaction conditions, up to two sulfur atoms per one nitrogen atom (approx. 40% w/w). The polymers are soluble in dimethylsulfoxide and insoluble in acetonitrile solutions. In both solvents they are electrochemically active, in the latter case as a cast film...
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Pathological brain network activity: memory impairment in epilepsy
PublicationOur thinking, memory and cognition in general, relies upon precisely timed interactions among neurons forming brain networks that support cognitive processes. The surgical evaluation of drug-resistant epilepsy using intracranial electrodes provides a unique opportunity to record directly from human brain and to investigate the coordinated activity of cognitive networks. In this issue of Neurology®, Kleen and colleagues1 implicate...
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Water Footprint Assessment of Selected Polymers, Polymer Blends, Composites, and Biocomposites for Industrial Application
PublicationThis paper presents a water footprint assessment of polymers, polymer blends, composites, and biocomposites based on a standardized EUR-pallet case study. The water footprint analysis is based on life cycle assessment (LCA). The study investigates six variants of EUR-pallet production depending on the materials used. The system boundary included the production of each material and the injection molding to obtain a standardized...
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A benchmark for particle shape dependence
PublicationParticle shape is a major parameter for the space-filling and strength properties of granular materials. For a systematic investigation of shape effect, a numerical benchmark test was set up within a collaborative group using different numerical methods and particles of various shape characteristics such as elongation, angularity and nonconvexity. Extensive 2D shear simulations were performed in this framework and the shear strength...
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Human memory enhancement through electrical stimulation in the temporal cortex
PublicationDirect electrical stimulation of the human brain can elicit sensory and motor perceptions as well as recall of memories. Stimulating higher order association areas of the lateral temporal cortex in particular was reported to activate visual and auditory memory representations of past experiences (Penfield and Perot, 1963). We hypothesized that this effect could be used to modulate memory processing. Recent attempts at memory enhancement...
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Information retrieval with semantic memory model
PublicationPsycholinguistic theories of semantic memory form the basis of understanding of natural language concepts. These theories are used here as an inspiration for implementing a computational model of semantic memory in the form of semantic network. Combining this network with a vector-based object-relation-feature value representation of concepts that includes also weights for confidence and support, allows for recognition of concepts...
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Intelligent microbearing project with memory of stress-strain history
PublicationTaking into account the increasing need of intelligent micro-bearing with memory, this paper presents the optimization, simulation and practical application of operating parameters(load carrying capacity, friction forces, friction coefficient, wear), simulation for hydrodynamic HDD micro-bearing with curvilinear nano-grooved journal profile. One of the reason of such journal profile is that this journal profile contributes to the...
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Synthesis and polymerisation techniques of molecularly imprinted polymers
PublicationMolecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) are materials that has been processed using the molecular imprinting technique which permit to obtain well-defined three-dimensional cavities, with affinity to a template molecule, in the polymer matrix. Technology involves three strategies, i.e., covalent, non-covalent and semi-covalent approach, but the most popular is non-covalent approach. The most important components for the synthesis...
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Proximal primal–dual best approximation algorithm with memory
PublicationWe propose a new modified primal–dual proximal best approximation method for solving convex not necessarily differentiable optimization problems. The novelty of the method relies on introducing memory by taking into account iterates computed in previous steps in the formulas defining current iterate. To this end we consider projections onto intersections of halfspaces generated on the basis of the current as well as the previous...
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Novel Biomass-Based Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application
PublicationA wide range of polymers were prepared from biomass-derivatives, using different polymerization mechanisms. Well-defined, fully hydroxy-functional polyesters based on aliphatic diols were synthesized, using either conventional metal-based catalysts or the organic superbase 1,5,7-triazabicyclododecene (TBD). Unsaturated polyesters were also made, offering additional functionality to these biobased resins. Metal-catalyzed or enzymatic...
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The effect of boron concentration on the electrical, morphological and optical properties of boron-doped nanocrystalline diamond sheets: Tuning the diamond-on-graphene vertical junction
PublicationIn this paper, the effect of boron doping on the electrical, morphological and structural properties of free-standing nanocrystalline diamond sheets (thickness ~ 1 μm) was investigated. For this purpose, we used diamond films delaminated from a mirror-polished tantalum substrate following a microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition process, each grown with a different [B]/[C] ratio (up to 20,000 ppm) in the gas phase....
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Wykład prof. Krzysztofa Kluszczyńskiego
EventsRektor i Senat Politechniki Gdańskiej w ramach Politechniki Otwartej zapraszają na wykład prof. Krzysztofa Kluszczyńskiego zatytułowany „O sztuce modelowania i twórczej roli intuicji”.
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REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
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Revisiting serotonin’s role in spatial memory: A call for sensitive analytical approaches
PublicationThe serotonergic system is involved in various psychiatric and neurological conditions, with serotonergic drugs often used in treatment. These conditions frequently affect spatial memory, which can serve as a model of declarative memory due to well-known cellular components and advanced methods that track neural activity and behavior with high temporal resolution. However, most findings on serotonin's effects on spatial learning...
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Pupil size reflects successful encoding and recall of memory in humans
PublicationPupil responses are known to indicate brain processes involved in perception, attention and decision-making. They can provide an accessible biomarker of human memory performance and cognitive states in general. Here we investigated changes in the pupil size during encoding and recall of word lists. Consistent patterns in the pupil response were found across and within distinct phases of the free recall task. The pupil was most...
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Polymers in High-Efficiency Solar Cells: The Latest Reports
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Hotspot of human verbal memory encoding in the left anterior prefrontal cortex
PublicationBackground: Treating memory and cognitive deficits requires knowledge about anatomical sites and neural activities to be targeted with particular therapies. Emerging technologies for local brain stimulation offer attractive therapeutic options but need to be applied to target specific neural activities, at distinct times, and in specific brain regions that are critical for memory formation. Methods: The areas that are critical...
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Electrical Stimulation Modulates High Gamma Activity and Human Memory Performance
PublicationDirect electrical stimulation of the brain has emerged as a powerful treatment for multiple neurological diseases, and as a potential technique to enhance human cognition. Despite its application in a range of brain disorders, it remains unclear how stimulation of discrete brain areas affects memory performance and the underlying electrophysiological activities. Here, we investigated the effect of direct electrical stimulation...
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The progress in technology of biodegradable polymers
e-Learning CoursesKurs obejmuje 15 godz. Wykładów (18-22.01. 2021)z zagadnień związanych z omówieniem różnych polimerów biodegradowalnych, ich syntezą i postąpami w otrzymywaniu, analizie, zastosowaniu.
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Electromagnetic Simulations with 3D FEM and Intel Optane Persistent Memory
PublicationAbstract—Intel Optane persistent memory has the potential to induce a change in how high-performance calculations requiring a large system memory capacity are conducted. This article presents what this change may look like in the case of factorization of large sparse matrices describing electromagnetic problems arising in the 3D FEM analysis of passive highfrequency components. In numerical tests, the Intel oneAPI MKL PARDISO was...
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Human verbal memory encoding is hierarchically distributed in a continuous processing stream
PublicationProcessing of memory is supported by coordinated activity in a network of sensory, association, and motor brain regions. It remains a major challenge to determine where memory is encoded for later retrieval. Here we used direct intracranial brain recordings from epilepsy patients performing free recall tasks to determine the temporal pattern and anatomical distribution of verbal memory encoding across the entire human cortex. High...
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Particle shape dependence in 2D granular media
PublicationParticle shape is a key to the space-filling and strength properties of granular matter. We consider a shape parameter eta describing the degree of distortion from a perfectly spherical shape. Encompassing most specific shape characteristics such as elongation, angularity and non-convexity, eta is a low-order but generic parameter that we used in a numerical benchmark test for a systematic investigation of shape dependence in sheared...
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Paweł Czarnul dr hab. inż.
PeoplePaweł Czarnul obtained a D.Sc. degree in computer science in 2015, a Ph.D. in computer science granted by a council at the Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology in 2003. His research interests include:parallel and distributed processing including clusters, accelerators, coprocessors; distributed information systems; architectures of distributed systems; programming mobile devices....
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Learning and memory processes in autonomous agents using an intelligent system of decision-making
PublicationThis paper analyzes functions and structures of the memory that is an indispensable part of an Intelligent System of Decision-making (ISD), developed as a universal engine for autonomous robotics. A simplified way of processing and coding information in human cognitive processes is modelled and adopted for the use in autonomous systems. Based on such a knowledge structure, an artificial model of reality representation and a model...
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Learning and memory processes in autonomous agents using an intelligent system of decision-making
PublicationThis paper analyzes functions and structures of the memory that is an indispensable part of an Intelligent System of Decision-making (ISD), developed as a universal engine for autonomous robotics. A simplified way of processing and coding information in human cognitive processes is modelled and adopted for the use in autonomous systems. Based on such a knowledge structure, an artificial model of reality representation and a model...
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Direct brain stimulation modulates encoding states and memory performance in humans
PublicationPeople often forget information because they fail to effectively encode it. Here, we test the hypothesis that targeted electrical stimulation can modulate neural encoding states and subsequent memory outcomes. Using recordings from neurosurgical epilepsy patients with intracranially implanted electrodes, we trained multivariate classifiers to discriminate spectral activity during learning that predicted remembering from forgetting,...
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Direct electrical brain stimulation of human memory: lessons learnt and future perspectives
PublicationModulation of cognitive functions supporting human declarative memory is one of the grand challenges of neuroscience, and of vast importance for a variety of neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. Despite a recent surge of successful attempts at improving performance in a range of memory tasks, the optimal approaches and parameters for memory enhancement have yet to be determined. On a more fundamental...
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A memory efficient and fast sparse matrix vector product on a Gpu
PublicationThis paper proposes a new sparse matrix storage format which allows an efficient implementation of a sparse matrix vector product on a Fermi Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). Unlike previous formats it has both low memory footprint and good throughput. The new format, which we call Sliced ELLR-T has been designed specifically for accelerating the iterative solution of a large sparse and complex-valued system of linear equations arising...
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Closed-loop stimulation of temporal cortex rescues functional networks and improves memory
PublicationMemory failures are frustrating and often the result of ineffective encoding. One approach to improving memory outcomes is through direct modulation of brain activity with electrical stimulation. Previous efforts, however, have reported inconsistent effects when using open-loop stimulation and often target the hippocampus and medial temporal lobes. Here we use a closed-loop system to monitor and decode neural activity from direct...
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Learning & Memory
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Memory Studies
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LEARNING & MEMORY
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Memory & Cognition
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High frequency oscillations in human memory and cognition: a neurophysiological substrate of engrams?
PublicationDespite advances in understanding the cellular and molecular processes underlying memory and cognition, and recent successful modulation of cognitive performance in brain disorders, the neurophysiological mechanisms remain underexplored. High frequency oscillations beyond the classic electroencephalogram spectrum have emerged as a potential neural correlate of fundamental cognitive processes. High frequency oscillations are detected...
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Joanna Kabrońska dr inż. arch.
PeoplePhD with honours: Forma architektoniczna jako droga realizacji idei biblioteki przyszłości (Form of Architectural Solutions as a Means of Implementing the idea of Libraries of the Future), 1994 IV International Biennale of Architecture in Cracow Prize winner, 1991 DAAD post-doctoral scholarship, Berlin, 2002 Author of publications on architecture, art and memory, including the monograph Architektura jako forma pamięci. Rola architektury...
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Biodegradable polymers for food packaging - factors influencing their degradation and certification types - a comprehensive review
PublicationIn the paper an overview of novel biodegradable polymers for food packaging can be found. The aim was to present factors influencing polymer degradation and biodegradation in various environments. It was noted that biodegradable polymers are imperfect alternative for classical polymers and its decomposition strongly depends on degradation environment.
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PU Polymers, Their Composites, and Nanocomposites: State of the Art and New Challenges
PublicationThe chapter is a review of the polyurethane(PU)-based composites and nanocomposites. The chapter details different components in the manufacturing of PU polymers, composites, and nanocomposites. The different types of glycols, isocyanates, and catalysts that are used for the synthesis of different polyurethanes are discussed. The applications and specialties of polyurethane composites and nanocomposites are also elaborated on.