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Search results for: IMPREGNATED WOOD
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Wood Moisture-Content Measurement Accuracy of Impregnated and Nonimpregnated Wood
PublicationThe influence of the impregnation process of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) samples on the electrical resistance changes and the moisture-content measurement accuracy is presented in this paper. In this study, the resistances of impregnated and nonimpregnated green pine timber harvested from northern Poland were compared. An impregnation method based on a vacuum-pressure chamber was used. Copper salts were applied as the impregnated...
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Mechanical Properties and Strength Reliability of Impregnated Wood after High Temperature Conditions
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Forecasting values of cutting power for the sawing process of impregnated pine wood on band sawing machine
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono prognozowane wartości mocy skrawania dla pilarki taśmowej (ST100R firmy STENNER), które są stosowane w polskich tartakach. Wartości mocy skrawania oszacowano dla drewna sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.), które zostało poddane impregnacji. Dla porównania wyznaczono również wartości mocy skrawania dla drewna niezaimpregnowanego. Wartości te określono za pomocą innowacyjnej metody prognozowania sił skrawania,...
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By-Products from Food Industry as a Promising Alternative for the Conventional Fillers for Wood–Polymer Composites
PublicationThe present paper describes the application of two types of food-industry by-products, brewers’ spent grain (BSG), and coffee silverskin (ŁK) as promising alternatives for the conventional beech wood flour (WF) for wood–polymer composites. The main goal was to investigate the impact of partial and complete WF substitution by BSG and ŁK on the processing, structure, physicochemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of resulting...
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The effect of full-cell impregnation of pine wood (Pinus Sylvestris L.) on the fine dust content during sawing on a frame sawing machine
PublicationIn this paper the results of the analysis of the effect of the impregnation treatment of pine wood on the granularity of sawdust from the sawing process on the frame sawing machine PRW 15M are presented. Granulometric analyses of chips from impregnated and unimpregnated pine wood implies that the impregnation of pine wood does not affect the size and structure of the sawdust produced. A major ≈ 95% share of the formed chips is...
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The Effect of Full-Cell Impregnation of Pine Wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) on Changes in Electrical Resistance and on the Accuracy of Moisture Content Measurement Using Resistance Meters
PublicationThe impact of the full-cell impregnation of pine wood was investigated with respect to changes in electrical resistance and the accuracy of moisture content measurement. This study compared the resistance of impregnated and untreated pine timber harvested from the northern part of Poland (Pomeranian region). The wood was impregnated by the vacuum-pressure method. The preservative (TANALITH E 3475) and coloring (TANATONE 3950) agents...
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Effect of iron oxide impregnated in hollow carbon sphere as symmetric supercapacitors
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Pyrolysis and Torrefaction—Thermal Treatment of Creosote-Impregnated Railroad Ties as a Method of Utilization
PublicationA fundamental issue of waste management and the rail transport industry is the problem of utilizing used railroad ties. Wooden railroad ties are treated with a preservative, usually creosote. Due to their high toxicity, railroad ties are considered hazardous waste and must be utilized under various directives. It is proposed to utilize the troublesome waste by using the pyrolysis and torrefaction process. The research proves that...
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Potential of Biocellulose Carrier Impregnated with Essential Oils to Fight Against Biofilms Formed on Hydroxyapatite
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Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic melamine sponges impregnated with deep eutectic solvents for oil spill cleanup
PublicationThe extensive extraction of oil from the bottom of seas and oceans and its transportation by tankers increase the risk of potential environmental disasters associated with hydrocarbon fractions entering water reservoirs. Therefore, this paper presents the preparation of a simple impregnation of a melamine sponge with deep eutectic solvents (DES), which can be obtained from natural sources, including coconut oil, palm kernel oil,...
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Polyurethane-wood composites (PU-WC) as a method of wood waste management
PublicationIn recent years, due to the progressive environmental degradation and increase of environmental awareness, the sustainability of production systems in wood processing, the wood industry, and wood waste management is a crucial issue for European industry and society. Consequently, the problem of generating wood-like waste and the associated risks has become an increasingly noticeable challenge for science. Although various methods...
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Preparation and characterization of activated carbons obtained from the waste materials impregnated with phosphoric acid(V)
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Analysis of surface roughness of chemically impregnated Scots pine processed using frame-sawing machine
PublicationThe objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the impregnation process of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) on roughness parameters of the surface processed on a frame sawing. The samples weredried and impregnated using a commercial procedure by a local company. The touch method withthe use of measuring stylus (pin) was employed to determine of surface roughness of the samplesconsidering parameters, namely, arithmetical...
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Silica Gel Impregnated by Deep Eutectic Solvents for Adsorptive Removal of BTEX from Gas Streams
PublicationThe paper presents the preparation of new adsorbents based on silica gel (SiO2) impregnated with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) to increase benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and p-xylene (BTEX) adsorption efficiency from gas streams. The DESs were synthesized by means of choline chloride, tetrapropylammonium bromide, levulinic acid, lactic acid, and phenol. The physico-chemical properties of new sorbent materials, including surface...
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Impact of high temperature drying process on beech wood containing tension wood
PublicationThe technology of high temperature drying has a great inuence on dimensional and selected physical changes in tension wood. Article is focused on the measurement properties such as moisture content, color changes and longitudinal warping. The quality of beech wood is determined based on structure and properties of wood, frequency of defects in wood material. The tension wood is considered as an important wood defect causing negative...
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Cutting model parameters from frame sawing of natural and impregnated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)
PublicationIn this paper, absolute and density normalized cutting model parameters of natural and impregnated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) are shown and a method for the calculation of their corresponding material properties in the principal material directions of wood is presented. The parameters were determined from measurements of cutting power on a sash gang saw, and are in detail the fracture toughness and the shear yield strength...
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Productivity of wood cutting process
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono analizę przykładowej linii przecinania drewna. Produktywność linii oceniono na podstawie stopnia wykorzystania przecinarki i faktycznej prędkości przecinania.
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Smoothing of wood surface by burnishing
PublicationW artykule zaprezentowano rozwój bezwiórowych metod obróbki wykańczającej drewna. Przedstawiono wpływ nagniatania ślizgowego na chropowatość powierzchni drewna. Badania przeprowadzono na próbkach wykonanych z drzewa sosnowego toczonych i nagniatanych ślizgowo. Nagniatanie ślizgowe przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem nagniataka elastycznego o elemencie ślizgowym wykonanym z Karbonado. Wyniki odniesiono do głównych parametrów nagniatania...
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Effect of applied standard wood machining fluid on colour and chemical composition of the machined wood surface
PublicationAppropriate monitoring of wood machining processes is a key issue to ensure the expected quality of the processed wood, expected efficiency and minimize energy consumption of production processes. A new trend is the design of environmentally friendly machining fluids. In this paper, as a preliminary study in this field, the effect of applied standard wood machining fluid on changes in the colour and chemical composition of the...
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A novel approach in wood waste utilization for manufacturing of catalyst-free polyurethane-wood composites (PU-WC)
PublicationIn recent decades, due to the increase in environmental awareness and noticeable environmental degradation, the area of wood waste management has attracted increasing attention. The purpose of this study is to develop a new type of highly filled polyurethane wood-composite (PU-WC) by the utilization of large amount of wood wastes without addition of a catalyst. Although wood-plastic composites (WPCs) are widely known, there is...
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Synthesis and characterization of biopolyols through biomass liquefaction of wood shavings and their application in the preparation of polyurethane wood composites
PublicationThe sustainability of production systems in wood processing, wood industry, and wooden waste disposal is an important issue for European industry and society. Proper development of products based on renewable wood resources gives an opportunity to provide materials with long-term environmental, social, and economic sustainability. This study aims to establish a new way of forestry and agricultural waste materials utilization by...
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The influence of drying parameters on wood properties
PublicationThe influence of drying conditions on wood properties is presented. The classical approach was used to determine energetic effects (cutting forces and cutting power) of wood sawing process on the basis of the wood specific cutting resistance, material constant. Before mashining wood material (soft and hard) was dryied at various conditions using air at 25oC, air-steam meaxture at 80oC and steam at 110oC.
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The influence of drying parameters on wood properties
PublicationResults of influence of gas-steam mixture drying process on wood mechanical properties are presented. Wood species, namely pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and beech (Fagus silvatica L.) from the northern part of Pomerania region in Poland, were subject of steam kiln-drying process in a laboratory kiln specially arranged for that reason.
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Simulations CAE of wood pellet machine
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Gas-steam mixture wood drying
PublicationBadania skuteczności suszenia wysokotemperaturowego suszenia drewna w komorze suszarniczej - wstępne wyniki.
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On-line measurement of wood surface smoothness
PublicationThe latest progress in the field of optics and microelectronics resulted in development of new generation vision systems capable of scanning surface topography with very high sampling frequencies. The blue color of illuminating light as well as novel systems for controlling ultra-thin laser line thickness allows measurement of the porous surface of wood with a triangulation method. Three alternative sensors were tested here in...
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Impregnaty parafinowe do papierowych i tekturowych opakowań do żywności
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The Influence of Drying Temperature on Color Change of Hornbeam and Maple Wood Used as Surface and Inner Layers of Wood Composites
PublicationThe thermal treatment of wood changes its structure due to the degradation of wood polymers (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin), so the physical properties of wood are either improved or degraded. Color changes apply not only to natural wood, but also to such wood composites for which some amount of glue is used in their construction (e.g., plywood, blockboard or laminboard). This article is focused on the analysis of hornbeam...
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The effect of the annual growth and the late wood share upon density of the Polish pine wood as a function of its origin
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono zróżnicowanie gęstości polskiego drewna sosnowego (Pinus sylvestris L.) w zależności od udziału drewna późnego w przyroście rocznym z uwzględnieniem krainy pochodzenia drewna. Wspomniane zróżnicowanie jest w istotne statystycznie w skali globalnej oraz dla większości miejsc pochodzenia. Pomiar gęstości wykonano przy użyciu metody stereometrycznej. Metoda ta polegała na określeniu objętości pryzmy poprzez...
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Influence of Wood Moisture on Strength and Elastic Modulus for Pine and Fir Wood Subjected to 4-point Bending Tests
PublicationThe main purpose of this research paper was to determine the influence of the wood moisture on the strength and elastic modulus of pine and fir wood specimens subjected to the 4-point bending tests. Six bending tests for each wood species and for two different moisture level have been performed. Then, the advanced statistical analysis of the results has been carried out. On the basis of the obtained results, it has been noted that...
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Development of Nanocomposite based Antimicrobial Cotton Fabrics Impregnated by Nano SiO2 Loaded AgNPs Derived from Eragrostis Teff straw
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Nanocrystalline Polymer Impregnated [Fe(pz)Pt(CN)4] Thin Films Prepared by Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation
PublicationIn this work, the fabrication of [Fe(pz)Pt(CN)4] (pz = pyrazine) thin films by means of matrix-assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) was investigated. As starting material, a cryogenically cooled suspension of anocrystalline [Fe(pz)Pt- (CN)4] (0.35wt.-%) in a mixture of 1,1-dichloroethane and polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used. Films of a thickness up to 150–200 nm were deposited on Si substrates by laser ablation at λ = 1064...
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Influence of Thermal Decomposition of Wood and Wood-Based Materials on the State of the Atmospheric Air. Emissions of Toxic Compounds and Greenhouse Gases
PublicationThis paper presents the energy characteristics of wood and wood-based materials in the form of commercially available pellets, furniture board (MDF) and OSB. Toxicometric indices were determined for gaseous destructs arising from thermal decomposition and combustion of the materials studied. The paper proves that combustion conditions are crucial in terms of toxic destructive emissions. It has been shown that the combustion of...
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Investigation of Wood Flour Size, Aspect Ratios, and Injection Molding Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Wood Flour/Polyethylene Composites
PublicationIn the present research, wood flour reinforced polyethylene polymer composites with a coupling agent were prepared by injection molding. The effects of wood flour size, aspect ratios, and mold injection temperature on the composites’ mechanical properties were investigated. For the preparation of the polymer composites, five different formulations were created. The mechanical properties including tensile strength and the modulus,...
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The effect of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) steaming process on the colour change versus depth of tested wood layer
PublicationThe results of experimental research on the colour changes of beech wood at different depths of the tested layer are presented. Beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) dried in a conventional kiln was tested. Half of the wood samples were steamed prior to the drying process. Colour changes were measured at various depths after the face milling process was used to remove the material to expose to the deeper surface. The colour changes were...
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Korozja betonu w warunkach penetracji oleju mineralnego oraz stosowane impregnaty
PublicationAutorzy przedstawili analizę teoretyczną transportu cieczy w strukturę betonu. Przedstawiono model matematyczny transportu oleju w strukturę betonu z uwzględnieniem ich charakterystyki.
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Food components and their role in food quality
PublicationBiałka, lipidy, sacharydy, składniki mineralne, woda i inne składniki wpły-wają na właściwości sensoryczne, trwałość, wartość odżywczą i zdrowotnośćżywności. W czasie przechowywania żywności i wskutek obróbki składniki ule-gają korzystnym i niepożądanym zmianom pod wpływem działania enzymów i czyn-ników środowiska.
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Sawing of frozen wood with narrow-kerf saws.
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymantalnych skrawania drewna sosnowego mrożonego na pilarce ramowej PRW15M za pomocą cienkich pił. Badano opory skrawania, chropowatość powierzchni po przecinaniu, dokładność przecinania oraz przeprowadzono analize granulometryczna wiórów. Zaobserwowano wzrost oporów skrawania w raz ze spadkiem temperatury,któremu towarzyszyła również niższa dokładność przeciania w odniesieniu do drewna obrabianego...
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Work parameters research of wood pellet machine
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Computer Aided Design of Wood Pellet Machines
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Economical wood sawing with circular saw blades
PublicationMaterial- and energy-saving belong to the basic requirements which are imposed on the contemporary manufacturing processes. Since realization of those processes gives measurable profits not only economical but also ecological. In case of wood sawing with circular saw blades material- and energy-savings are dependent on total overall set of teeth (theoretical kerf) and teeth position accuracy in relation to the workpiece. Hence,...
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Simulation of wood structure geometry after machining
PublicationW niniejszym artykule została przedstawiona nowa metoda trójwymiarowych symulacji geometrii powierzchni drewna. Zaprezentowano wpływ parametrów obróbkowych oraz drgań podczas strugania obrotowego drewna. Chropowatość powierzchni była charakteryzowana poprzez parametry profilu chropowatości Ra oraz Rz. Posuw na ostrze oraz średnica narzędzia są najbardziej wpływającymi czynnikami na wielkość nierówności podczas maszynowej obróbki...
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Formation of wood surface roughness in burnishing process
PublicationW publikacji przedstawiono i omówiono rozwój bezwiórowych metod obróbki wykańczającej drewna przez nagniatanie. Przedstawiono wpływ nagniatania na chropowatość powierzchni drewna. Badania przeprowadzono na próbkach toczonych i nagniatanych. Wyniki odniesiono do głównych parametrów nagniatania jak: siła nagniatania oraz promień zaokrąglenia elementu nagniatającego.
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Chip geometry while sawing frozen wood.
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono analizę geometrii wiórów zebranych podczas przecierania pryzm sosnowych o temperaturach -5 st. C, -20 st. C, + 18 st. C na pilarce ramowej przecieranych za pomocą cienkich pił. Analizowano rozkład wiórów w funkcji ich wymiarów podłużnych oraz pola powierzchni. W badaniach wykorzystywano kamere cyfrową, a obrazy z niej uzyskane obrabiano za pomoca oprogramowania opracowanego w srodowisku LabView. W widmach...
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On some accuracy limiting factors in wood sawing
PublicationPrzedstawiono szczegółową klasyfikację czynników determinujących dokładność przecinania drewna piłami. Uwzględniono w niej również pozorną utratę dokładności wynikającą z anatomicznej budowy drewna i metody pomiaru (wykorzystywanie lasera). Występujące błędy przecinania zobrazowano szeregiem przykładów z badań doświadczalnych.
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Recent progress in research on the cutting processes of wood. A review COST Action E35 2004–2008: Wood machining – micromechanics and fracture
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Recent progress in research on the cutting processes of wood. A review COST Action E35 2004-2008: Wood machining - micromechanics and fracture
PublicationZaprezentowano postępy w badaniach przecinania drewna ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nowych metod dedykowanych zwiększeniu wydajności materiałowej w tartacznictwie. Zademonstrowano przydatność współczesnej mechaniki pękania do szacowania mocy skrawania dla pił, których wartości rozwarcia są różne od pił użytych w badaniach skrawalnościowych. W tych ostatnich wyznaczano wiązkość materiału obrabianego oraz naprężenia tnące. Badania...
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Recent progress in research on the cutting processes of wood. A review COST Action E35 2004-2008: Wood machining - micromechanics and fracture
PublicationZaprezentowano postępy w badaniach przecinania drewna ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem nowych metod dedykowanych zwiększeniu wydajności materiałowej w tartacznictwie. Zademonstrowano przydatność współczesnej mechaniki pękania do szacowania mocy skrawania dla pił, których wartości rozwarcia są różne od pił użytych w badaniach skrawalnościowych. W tych ostatnich wyznaczano wiązkość materiału obrabianego oraz naprężenia tnące. Badania...
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High-temperature Co-electrolysis of CO2/H2O and direct methanation over Co-impregnated SOEC. Bimetallic synergy between Co and Ni
PublicationTo study the synergy between the transition metals for enhancing the electrochemical and chemical activity, a series of SOECs were modified with a small amount of Co ions, namely 1.8, 3.6, and 5.4 wt% in the reduced state. The addition of βCD into the precursor solution allowed for extremely fine dispersion of Co species across the Ni-YSZ cermet structure. The sample containing 3.6 wt% Co reached an outstanding over 2.5-times-higher...
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Is It Right To Predict Cutting Forces On The Basis Of Wood Density?
PublicationSeveral properties of wood can be correlated to wood density. It is widely accepted that the cutting power requirements are following this general assumption. Therefore, according to classic literature sources available for determination of the cutting power for both band- and circular- sawing machines, the cutting power requirements (and/or cutting forces) are computed as a function of the wood specific gravity SG. It was shown...