Rok 2024

• A General Scheme of a Branch-and-Bound Approach for the Sensor Selection Problem in Near-Field Broadband Beamforming

  Publikacja

  • A. Wielgus
  • B. Szlachetko
  • B. Szlachetko

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

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• A Review of Recent Advances in Human-Motion Energy Harvesting Nanogenerators, Self-Powering Smart Sensors and Self-Charging Electronics

  Publikacja

  • J. Gołąbek
  • M. Strankowski

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

  In recent years, portable and wearable personal electronic devices have rapidly developed with increasing mass production and rising energy consumption, creating an energy crisis. Using batteries and supercapacitors with limited lifespans and environmental hazards drives the need to find new, environmentally friendly, and renewable sources. One idea is to harness the energy of human motion and convert it into electrical energy...

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• A Selection of Starting Points for Iterative Position Estimation Algorithms Using Feedforward Neural Networks

  Publikacja

  • J. Sadowski
  • J. Stefański

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

  This article proposes the use of a feedforward neural network (FNN) to select the starting point for the first iteration in well-known iterative location estimation algorithms, with the research objective of finding the minimum size of a neural network that allows iterative position estimation algorithms to converge in an example positioning network. The selected algorithms for iterative position estimation, the structure of the...

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• Anomaly Detection in Railway Sensor Data Environments: State-of-the-Art Methods and Empirical Performance Evaluation

  Publikacja

  • M. Bałdyga
  • K. Barański
  • J. Belter
  • M. Kalinowski
  • P. Weichbroth

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

  To date, significant progress has been made in the field of railway anomaly detection using technologies such as real-time data analytics, the Internet of Things, and machine learning. As technology continues to evolve, the ability to detect and respond to anomalies in railway systems is once again in the spotlight. However, railway anomaly detection faces challenges related to the vast infrastructure, dynamic conditions, aging...

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• Design of a Shape-Memory-Alloy-Based Carangiform Robotic Fishtail with Improved Forward Thrust

  Publikacja

  • M. Kumar Koiri
  • D. Vineet
  • K. A. Sharma
  • D. Chuchała

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

  Shape memory alloys (SMAs) have become the most common choice for the development of mini- and micro-type soft bio-inspired robots due to their high power-to-weight ratio, ability to be installed and operated in limited space, silent and vibration-free operation, biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance properties. Moreover, SMA spring-type actuators are used for developing different continuum robots, exhibiting high degrees...

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• Detection of Closing Crack in Beam Based on Responses Induced by Harmonic Excitation

  Publikacja

  • S. A. Tewelde
  • M. Krawczuk

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

  The non-linear contact model was chosen to simulate the closed crack in the cantilever beam. The study examines the shape and characteristics of the phase diagram of a cantilever beam with closed cracks. It investigates how various crack properties influence the geometry of the phase diagram and proposes a method for identifying cracks based on their features. The area of each closed curve in the phase diagram is determined using...

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• Exploring the Beam Squint Effects on Reflectarray Perfromance: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Specular and Scattered Reflection of the Unit Cell

  Publikacja

  • M. Elahi
  • A. Altaf
  • S. Kozieł
  • A. Pietrenko-Dąbrowska

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

  In this article, the phenomena of beam deviation in reflectarray is discussed. The radiation pattern of the unit cell, which plays a vital role in shaping the beam of the reflectarray, is analyzed by considering undesired specular and scattered reflections. These unwanted reflections adversely affect the pattern of the single unit cell, thereby reducing the overall performance of the reflectarray. To conduct our investigations,...

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• Flicker Noise in Resistive Gas Sensors—Measurement Setups and Applications for Enhanced Gas Sensing

  Publikacja

  • J. Smulko
  • G. Scandurra
  • K. Drozdowska
  • A. Kwiatkowski
  • C. Ciofi
  • H. Wen

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

  We discuss the implementation challenges of gas sensing systems based on low-frequency noise measurements on chemoresistive sensors. Resistance fluctuations in various gas sensing materials, in a frequency range typically up to a few kHz, can enhance gas sensing by considering its intensity and the slope of power spectral density. The issues of low-frequency noise measurements in resistive gas sensors, specifically in two-dimensional...

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• Highly sensitive microwave sensors based on open complementary square split-ring resonator for sensing liquid materials

  Publikacja

  • C. Ds
  • K. S. Nagini
  • R. K. Barik
  • S. Kozieł

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

  This paper presents high-sensitivity sensors based on open complementary square split-ring resonator and modified open complementary split-ring resonator operating at 4.5 GHz and 3.4 GHz, respectively. The sensors are designed for the detection of multiple liquid materials, including distilled water, methanol, and ethanol. The liquid under test is filled in a glass container loaded using a pipette. Compared to the conventional...

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• How Integration of a Brain-Machine Interface and Obstacle Detection System Can Improve Wheelchair Control via Movement Image

  Publikacja

  • T. Kocejko
  • N. Matuszkiewicz
  • J. Kwiatkowski
  • P. Durawa
  • A. Madajczak

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

  This study presents a human-computer interaction combined with a brain-machine interface (BMI) and obstacle detection system for remote control of a wheeled robot through movement imagery, providing a potential solution for individuals facing challenges with conventional vehicle operation. The primary focus of this work is the classification of surface EEG signals related to mental activity when envisioning movement and deep relaxation...

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• Sounding Mechanism of a Flue Organ Pipe—A Multi-Sensor Measurement Approach

  Publikacja

  • P. Bordoni
  • P. Odya
  • J. Kotus
  • B. Kostek

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

  This work presents an approach that integrates the results of measuring, analyzing, and modeling air flow phenomena driven by pressurized air in a flue organ pipe. The investigation concerns a Bourdon organ pipe. Measurements are performed in an anechoic chamber using the Cartesian robot equipped with a 3D acoustic vector sensor (AVS) that acquires both acoustic pressure and air particle velocity. Also, a high-speed camera is employed...

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• User Orientation Detection in Relation to Antenna Geometry in Ultra-Wideband Wireless Body Area Networks Using Deep Learning

  Publikacja

  • S. Urwan
  • K. Cwalina

  - SENSORS - Rok 2024

  In this paper, the issue of detecting a user’s position in relation to the antenna geometry in ultra-wideband (UWB) off-body wireless body area network (WBAN) communication using deep learning methods is presented. To measure the impulse response of the channel, a measurement stand consisting of EVB1000 devices and DW1000 radio modules was developed and indoor static measurement scenarios were performed. It was proven that for...

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Rok 2023

• Bandwidth-Controllable Third-Order Band Pass Filter Using Substrate Integrated Full- and Semi-Circular Cavities

  Publikacja

  • N. Pradhan
  • S. Kozieł (dawniej: A. Kozieł)
  • R. K. Barik
  • A. Pietrenko-Dąbrowska

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  The article presents a novel circular substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter (BPF) with controllable bandwidth. The proposed BPF is configured using two microstrip feedlines, semi- circular SIW cavities, capacitive slots, and inductive vias. The circular cavity is bisected into two halves, with the two copies thereof being cascaded. Two bisected and cascaded structures obtained this way are subsequently connected...

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• Detecting Lombard Speech Using Deep Learning Approach

  Publikacja

  • K. Kąkol
  • G. Korvel
  • G. Tamulevicius
  • B. Kostek

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  Robust Lombard speech-in-noise detecting is challenging. This study proposes a strategy to detect Lombard speech using a machine learning approach for applications such as public address systems that work in near real time. The paper starts with the background concerning the Lombard effect. Then, assumptions of the work performed for Lombard speech detection are outlined. The framework proposed combines convolutional neural networks...

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• Detection of Water on Road Surface with Acoustic Vector Sensor

  Publikacja

  • J. Kotus
  • G. Szwoch

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  This paper presents a new approach to detecting the presence of water on a road surface, employing an acoustic vector sensor. The proposed method is based on sound intensity analysis in the frequency domain. Acoustic events, representing road vehicles, are detected in the sound intensity signals. The direction of the incoming sound is calculated for the individual spectral components of the intensity signal, and the components...

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• Development of an Active Optical Lens for Arc Flashing Detection

  Publikacja

  • P. Awramiuk
  • K. Sadowska
  • J. Wiater
  • D. Sajewicz
  • M. Kochanowicz
  • W. Walendziuk
  • J. Żmojda

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

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• Frequency Selective Surface Based MIMO Antenna Array for 5G Millimeter-Wave Applications

  Publikacja

  • I. Din
  • M. Alibakhshikenari
  • B. S. Virdee
  • R. K. R. Jayanthi
  • S. Ullah
  • C. H. See
  • S. Khan
  • Ł. Gołuński (dawniej: S. Kozieł)
  • S. Kozieł

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  Abstract: In this paper a radiating element consisting of a modified circular patch is proposed for MIMO arrays for 5G millimeter-wave applications. The radiating elements in the proposed 2×2 MIMO antenna array are orthogonally configured relative to each other to mitigate mutual coupling that would otherwise degrade the performance of the MIMO system. The MIMO array was fabri-cated on Rogers RT/Duroid high frequency substrate...

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• Frugal Heart Rate Correction Method for Scalable Health and Safety Monitoring in Construction Sites

  Publikacja

  • P. Sowiński
  • K. Rachwał
  • A. Danilenka
  • K. Bogacka
  • M. Kobus
  • A. Dąbrowska
  • A. Paszkiewicz
  • M. Bolanowski
  • M. Ganzha
  • M. Paprzycki

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

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• Implementation of IMS/NGN Transport Stratum Based on the SDN Concept

  Publikacja

  • S. Kaczmarek
  • M. Sac
  • K. Bachorski

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  The paper presents the development and verification of software and a testbed aiming to demonstrate the ability of two telecommunication network concepts—Next Generation Network (NGN) and Software-Defined Networking (SDN)—to cooperate. The proposed architecture includes components of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) in its service stratum and of the SDN (controller and programmable switches) in its transport stratum, providing...

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• Mutual Coupling Reduction in Antenna Arrays Using Artificial Intelligence Approach and Inverse Neural Network Surrogates

  Publikacja

  • S. Roshani
  • S. Kozieł
  • S. Yahya
  • M. Chaudhary
  • Y. Ghadi
  • S. Roshani
  • Ł. Gołuński

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  This paper presents a novel approach to reduce undesirable coupling in antenna arrays using custom-designed resonators and inverse surrogate modeling. To illustrate the concept, two stand-ard patch antenna cells with 0.07λ edge-to-edge distance are designed and fabricated to operate at 2.45 GHz. A stepped-impedance resonator is applied between the antennas to suppress their mutual coupling. For the first time, the optimum values...

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• New Complementary Resonator for Permittivity- and Thickness-Based Dielectric Characterization

  Publikacja

  • T. Haq Ul
  • S. Kozieł

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  The design of high-performance complementary meta-resonators for microwave sensors featur-ing high sensitivity and consistent evaluation of dielectric materials is challenging. This paper presents the design and implementation of a novel complementary resonator with high sensi-tivity for dielectric substrate characterization based on permittivity and thickness. A comple-mentary crossed arrow resonator (CCAR) is proposed and integrated...

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• Novel Investigation of Higher Order Spectral Technologies for Fault Diagnosis of Motor-Based Rotating Machinery

  Publikacja

  • T. Ciszewski
  • L. Gelman
  • A. Ball
  • A. O. Abdullahi
  • B. Jamabo
  • M. Ziółko

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  In the last decade, research centered around the fault diagnosis of rotating machinery using non-contact techniques has been significantly on the rise. For the first time worldwide, innovative techniques for the diagnosis of rotating machinery, based on electrical motors, including generic, nonlinear, higher-order cross-correlations of spectral moduli of the third and fourth order (CCSM3 and CCSM4, respectively), have been comprehensively...

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• On Rapid Design Optimization and Calibration of Microwave Sensors Based on Equivalent Complementary Resonators for High Sensitivity and Low Fabrication Tolerance

  Publikacja

  • T. Haq Ul
  • S. Kozieł

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  This paper presents the design, optimization, and calibration of multivariable resonators for mi-crowave dielectric sensors. An optimization technique for circular complementary split ring reso-nator (CC-SRR) and square complementary split ring resonator (SC-SRR) is presented to achieve the required transmission response in a precise manner. The optimized resonators are manufac-tured using a standard photolithographic technique...

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• Reducing the Uncertainty of the Moving Object Location Measurement with the Method of Quasi-Multiple Measurement in GNSS Technology in Symmetrical Arrangement

  Publikacja

  • J. Skibicki
  • A. Wilk
  • W. Koc
  • R. Licow
  • J. Szmagliński
  • P. Chrostowski
  • S. Judek
  • K. Karwowski
  • S. Grulkowski
  • S. Judek

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

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• Reducing the Uncertainty of the Moving Object Location Measurement with the Method of Quasi-Multiple Measurement in GNSS Technology in Symmetrical Arrangement

  Publikacja

  • J. Skibicki
  • A. Wilk
  • W. Koc
  • R. Licow
  • J. Szmagliński
  • P. Chrostowski
  • S. Judek
  • K. Karwowski
  • S. Grulkowski

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  The article presents a solution to the problem of limited accuracy of dynamic measurements performed with GNSS receivers. The proposed measurement method is a response to the needs related to the assessment of the measurement uncertainty of the position of the track axis of the rail transport line. However, the problem of reducing the measurement uncertainty is universal for many different situations where high accuracy of positioning...

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• Review of Shoreline Extraction Methods from Aerial Laser Scanning

  Publikacja

  • A. Stateczny
  • A. Halicki
  • M. Specht
  • C. Specht
  • O. Lewicka

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  Autonomous technologies are increasingly used in various areas of science. The use of unmanned vehicles for hydrographic surveys in shallow coastal areas requires accurate estimation of shoreline position. This is a nontrivial task, which can be performed using a wide range of sensors and methods. The aim of the publication is to review shoreline extraction methods based solely on data from aerial laser scanning (ALS). This narrative...

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• Security of Cryptocurrencies: A View on the State-of-the-Art Research and Current Developments

  Publikacja

  • P. Weichbroth
  • K. Wereszko
  • H. Anacka
  • J. Kowal

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  [Context] The goal of security is to protect digital assets, devices, and services from being disrupted, exploited or stolen by unauthorized users. It is also about having reliable information available at the right time. [Motivation] Since the inception in 2009 of the first cryptocurrency, few studies have been undertaken to analyze and review the state-of-the-art research and current developments with respect to the security...

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• Testing the Effect of Bathymetric Data Reduction on the Shape of the Digital Bottom Model

  Publikacja

  • W. Mujta
  • M. Wlodarczyk-Sielicka
  • A. Stateczny

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  Depth data and the digital bottom model created from it are very important in the inland and coastal water zones studies and research. The paper undertakes the subject of bathymetric data processing using reduction methods and examines the impact of data reduction according to the resulting representations of the bottom surface in the form of numerical bottom models. Data reduction is an approach that is meant to reduce the size...

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• Visual Features for Improving Endoscopic Bleeding Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks

  Publikacja

  • A. Brzeski
  • T. Dziubich
  • H. Krawczyk

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  The presented paper investigates the problem of endoscopic bleeding detection in endoscopic videos in the form of a binary image classification task. A set of definitions of high-level visual features of endoscopic bleeding is introduced, which incorporates domain knowledge from the field. The high-level features are coupled with respective feature descriptors, enabling automatic capture of the features using image processing methods....

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• Wake-Up Receiver for Underwater Acoustic Communication Using in Shallow Water

  Publikacja

  • J. Schmidt
  • A. Schmidt

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  A data frame transmitted over the underwater acoustic channel usually begins with a preamble. Therefore, underwater communication systems have a dedicated receiver that constantly listens to the preamble signals. A receiver that is to work effectively in shallow waters must have solutions that effectively reduce the impact of the permanently occurring multipath propagation. The article presents a solution based on complementary...

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• Wireless Body Area Network for Preventing Self-Inoculation Transmission of Respiratory Viral Diseases

  Publikacja

  • Ł. Pawlicki
  • A. Fotyga
  • J. Rewieński
  • M. Groth
  • Ł. Kulas
  • G. Fotyga

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  This paper proposes an idea of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) based on Bluetooth Low-Energy (BLE) standards to recognize and alarm a gesture of touching the face, and in effect, to prevent self-inoculation of respiratory viral diseases, such as COVID-19 or influenza A, B, or C. The proposed network comprises wireless modules placed in bracelets and a necklace. It relies on the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements...

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• Wireless Link Selection Methods for Maritime Communication Access Networks—A Deep Learning Approach

  Publikacja

  • M. Hoeft
  • K. Gierłowski
  • J. Woźniak

  - SENSORS - Rok 2023

  In recent years, we have been witnessing a growing interest in the subject of communication at sea. One of the promising solutions to enable widespread access to data transmission capabilities in coastal waters is the possibility of employing an on-shore wireless access infrastructure. However, such an infrastructure is a heterogeneous one, managed by many independent operators and utilizing a number of different communication...

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Rok 2022

• A Novel Method for Intelligibility Assessment of Nonlinearly Processed Speech in Spaces Characterized by Long Reverberation Times

  Publikacja

  • A. Kurowski
  • J. Kotus
  • P. Odya
  • B. Kostek

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  Objective assessment of speech intelligibility is a complex task that requires taking into account a number of factors such as different perception of each speech sub-bands by the human hearing sense or different physical properties of each frequency band of a speech signal. Currently, the state-of-the-art method used for assessing the quality of speech transmission is the speech transmission index (STI). It is a standardized way...

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• Adjusting the Stiffness of Supports during Milling of a Large-Size Workpiece Using the Salp Swarm Algorithm

  Publikacja

  • K. J. Kaliński (dawniej: K. Kaliński)
  • M. Galewski
  • N. Stawicka-Morawska
  • M. Mazur
  • A. Parus

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  This paper concerns the problem of vibration reduction during milling. For this purpose, it is proposed that the standard supports of the workpiece be replaced with adjustable stiffness supports. This affects the modal parameters of the whole system, i.e., object and its supports, which is essential from the point of view of the relative tool–workpiece vibrations. To reduce the vibration level during milling, it is necessary to...

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• Analysis of Methods for Determining Shallow Waterbody Depths Based on Images Taken by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

  Publikacja

  • M. Specht
  • M. Wiśniewska
  • A. Stateczny
  • C. Specht
  • B. Szostak
  • O. Lewicka
  • M. Stateczny
  • S. Widźgowski
  • A. Halicki

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  Hydrographic surveys enable the acquisition and processing of bathymetric data, which after being plotted onto nautical charts, can help to ensure safety of navigation, monitor changes in the coastal zone, and assess hydro-engineering structure conditions. This study involves the measurement of waterbody depth, identification of the seabed shape and geomorphology, the coastline course, and the location of underwater obstacles....

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• Automatic Emotion Recognition in Children with Autism: A Systematic Literature Review

  Publikacja

  • A. Landowska
  • A. Karpus
  • T. Zawadzka
  • B. Robins
  • D. Erol Barkana
  • H. Kose
  • T. Zorcec
  • N. Cummins

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  The automatic emotion recognition domain brings new methods and technologies that might be used to enhance therapy of children with autism. The paper aims at the exploration of methods and tools used to recognize emotions in children. It presents a literature review study that was performed using a systematic approach and PRISMA methodology for reporting quantitative and qualitative results. Diverse observation channels and modalities...

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• Behavior of residual current devices at earth fault currents with DC component

  Publikacja

  • S. Czapp
  • H. Tariq
  • S. Cieślik

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  Low-voltage electrical installations are increasingly saturated with power electronic converters. Due to very high popularity of photovoltaic (PV) installations and the spread of electric vehicles (EV) as well as their charging installations, DC–AC and AC–DC converters are often found in power systems. The transformerless coupling of AC and DC systems via power electronic converters means that an electrical installation containing...

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• Cyclic Behavior of Masonry Shear Walls Retrofitted with Engineered Cementitious Composite and Pseudoelastic Shape Memory Alloy

  Publikacja

  • A. Tabrizikahou
  • E. Noroozinejad
  • M. Kuczma
  • M. Łasecka-Plura

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  The behavior of masonry shear walls reinforced with pseudoelastic Ni–Ti shape memory alloy (SMA) strips and engineered cementitious composite (ECC) sheets is the main focus of this paper. The walls were subjected to quasi-static cyclic in-plane loads and evaluated by using Abaqus. Eight cases of strengthening of masonry walls were investigated. Three masonry walls were strengthened with different thicknesses of ECC sheets using...

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• Design of Cost-Efficient Optical Fronthaul for 5G/6G Networks: An Optimization Perspective

  Publikacja

  • A. Fayad
  • T. Cinkler
  • J. Rak
  • M. Jha

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  Currently, 5G and the forthcoming 6G mobile communication systems are the most promising cellular generations expected to beat the growing hunger for bandwidth and enable the fully connected world presented by the Internet of Everything (IoE). The cloud radio access network (CRAN) has been proposed as a promising architecture for meeting the needs and goals of 5G/6G (5G and beyond) networks. Nevertheless, the provisioning of cost-efficient...

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• Direction of Arrival Estimation Based on Received Signal Strength Using Two-Row Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator Antenna

  Publikacja

  • M. Rzymowski
  • K. Nyka
  • Ł. Kulas

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  In this paper, we present a novel approach to direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation using two-row electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna which has 12 passive elements and allows for elevation and azimuth beam switching using a simple microcontroller, relying solely on received signal strength (RSS) values measured at the antenna output port. To this end, we thoroughly investigate all 18 available 3D antenna...

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• Emotion Recognition from Physiological Channels Using Graph Neural Network

  Publikacja

  • T. Wierciński
  • M. Rock
  • R. Zwierzycki
  • T. Zawadzka
  • M. Zawadzki

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  In recent years, a number of new research papers have emerged on the application of neural networks in affective computing. One of the newest trends observed is the utilization of graph neural networks (GNNs) to recognize emotions. The study presented in the paper follows this trend. Within the work, GraphSleepNet (a GNN for classifying the stages of sleep) was adjusted for emotion recognition and validated for this purpose. The...

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• Evaluation of Decision Fusion Methods for Multimodal Biometrics in the Banking Application

  Publikacja

  • P. Szczuko
  • A. Harasimiuk
  • A. Czyżewski

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  An evaluation of decision fusion methods based on Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) and its modifications is presented in the article, studied over real biometric data from the engineered multimodal banking client verification system. First, the approaches for multimodal biometric data fusion for verification are explained. Then the proposed implementation of comparison scores fusion is presented, including details on the application...

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• Feature-Based Characterisation of Turned Surface Topography with Suppression of High-Frequency Measurement Errors

  Publikacja

  • P. Podulka

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

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• Fractional Derivatives Application to Image Fusion Problems

  Publikacja

  • S. Motłoch
  • G. Sarwas
  • A. Dzieliński
  • A. Dzielinski

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

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• Innovative Bidirectional Isolated High-Power Density On-Board Charge for Vehicle-to-Grid

  Publikacja

  • R. Hrbáč
  • L. Hrdina
  • V. Kolar
  • Z. Slanina
  • V. Blazek
  • T. Vantuch
  • M. Bartłomiejczyk
  • S. Misak

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  This paper deals with developing and implementing a bidirectional galvanically isolated on-board charger of a high-power density. The power density of the new charger was 4 kW/kg and 2.46 kW/dm3, and the maximum efficiency was 96.4% at 3.4 kW. Due to the requirement to achieve a high-power density, a single-stage inverter topology was used. Regarding switching losses, due to the topology of the circuit with so-called hard switching,...

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• Musical Instrument Identification Using Deep Learning Approach

  Publikacja

  • M. Blaszke
  • B. Kostek

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  The work aims to propose a novel approach for automatically identifying all instruments present in an audio excerpt using sets of individual convolutional neural networks (CNNs) per tested instrument. The paper starts with a review of tasks related to musical instrument identification. It focuses on tasks performed, input type, algorithms employed, and metrics used. The paper starts with the background presentation, i.e., metadata...

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• Non-Contact Monitoring of ECG in the Home Environment—Selecting Optimal Electrode Configuration

  Publikacja

  • A. Bujnowski
  • K. Osiński
  • P. Przystup
  • J. Wtorek

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  Capacitive electrocardiography (cECG) is most often used in wearable or embedded measurement systems. The latter is considered in the paper. An optimal electrocardiographic lead, as an individual feature, was determined based on model studies. It was defined as the possibly highest value of the R-wave amplitude measured on the back of the examined person. The lead configuration was also analyzed in terms of minimizing its susceptibility...

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• Novel Vision Monitoring Method Based on Multi Light Points for Space-Time Analysis of Overhead Contact Line Displacements

  Publikacja

  • A. Wilk
  • L. Gelman
  • J. Skibicki
  • S. Judek
  • K. Karwowski
  • A. Jakubowski
  • P. Kaczmarek

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  The article presents an innovative vision monitoring method of overhead contact line (OCL) displacement, which utilizes a set of LED light points installed along it. A light point is an, LED fed from a battery. Displacements of the LED points, recorded by a camera, are interpreted as a change of OCL shape in time and space. The vision system comprises a camera, properly situated with respect to the OCL, which is capable of capturing...

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• Real‐Time PPG Signal Conditioning with Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) Network for Wearable Devices

  Publikacja

  • M. Wójcikowski

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

  This paper presents an algorithm for real‐time detection of the heart rate measured on a person’s wrist using a wearable device with a photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensor and accelerometer. The proposed algorithm consists of an appropriately trained LSTM network and the Time‐Domain Heart Rate (TDHR) algorithm for peak detection in the PPG waveform. The Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) network uses the signals from the accelerometer...

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• Selection of Methods of Surface Texture Characterisation for Reduction of the Frequency-Based Errors in the Measurement and Data Analysis Processes

  Publikacja

  • P. Podulka

  - SENSORS - Rok 2022

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