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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: root water uptake
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Bilge water separation by membrane distillation
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Water Purification by Membrane Distillation Process
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Comparison of the water footprint in Poland and Ukraine
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KTaO3 a perovskite for water and air treatment
PublikacjaPerovskites are inorganic compounds that exhibit dielectric properties. These minerals belong to the crystal ceramics family. These compounds are described by the formula: ABX3 where, A and B are 2, 3 or 4 valuable metal ions, and X is an ion of oxygen or fluorine. An example of perovskite is the compound KTaO3. There are many methods for producing KTaO3, but the hydrothermal method is most commonly used. Perovskites can be characterized...
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Influence of Phosphorus Speciation on Its Chemical Removal from Reject Water from Dewatering of Municipal Sewage Sludge
PublikacjaThe aim of the presented research was the assessment of phosphorus speciation impact on the precipitation of phosphorus in reject water using Ca(OH)2. To achieve this, phosphorus speciation (organic and inorganic phosphorus in suspension and in dissolved form) in reject water that is produced during sludge dewatering, after methane digestion in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), was determined. This study covered the materials...
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Space-Time Conservation Method applied to numerical solution of water hammer equations
PublikacjaArtykuł poświęcony jest metodzie czasoprzestrzennych objętości skończonych (STC) zastosowanej do przypadku uderzenia hydraulicznego w stalowym przewodzie pracującym pod ciśnieniem. Metoda STC ze względu na swoje własności numeryczne - m.in. wysoką dokładność - może być interesującą alternatywą dla tradycyjnych metod numerycznych, szczególnie w przypadku, gdy efekty numeryczne mają bardzo silny wpływ na rozwiązanie, tym samym utrudniając...
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ANALYSIS OF THE LOAD-CARRYING CAPACITY OF A HYDRODYNAMIC WATER-LUBRICATED BEARING IN A HYDROELECTRIC POwER PLANT
PublikacjaThe paper presents an analysis of the load-carrying capacity of a historic hydrodynamic water-lubricated radial bearing of an unconventional segment design installed in the Braniewo Hydroelectric Power Plant. The aim of the calculations was to determine whether the bearing operates in the conditions of hydrodynamic or mixed lubrication, as well as to establish the optimal geometry of the axial grooves allowing for the highest load-carrying...
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Chemical pollution and toxicity of water samples from stream receiving leachate from controlled municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill
PublikacjaThe present study was aimed to determine the impact of municipal waste landfill on the pollution level of surface waters, and to investigate whether the choice and number of physical and chemical parameters monitored are sufficient for determining the actual risk related to bioavailability and mobility of contaminants. In 2007–2012, water samples were collected from the stream flowing through the site at two sampling locations,...
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Physicochemical Properties and Application of Silica-Doped Biochar Composites as Efficient Sorbents of Copper from Tap Water
PublikacjaThis article concerns research on new sorption materials based on silica-doped activated carbon. A two-stage synthesis involved pyrolysis of plant material impregnated in a water glass solution , followed by hydrothermal activation of the pyrolysate in KOH solution. The resulting composite can be used as a sorbent in drinking water filters. The proposed method of synthesis enables the design of materials with a surface area...
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Long-range, water-mediated interaction between a moderately active antifreeze protein molecule and the surface of ice
PublikacjaUsing molecular dynamics simulations, we show that a molecule of moderately active antifreeze protein (type III AFP, QAE HPLC-12 isoform) is able to interact with ice in an indirect manner. This interaction occurs between the ice binding site (IBS) of the AFP III molecule and the surface of ice, and it is mediated by liquid water which separates these surfaces. As a result, the AFP III molecule positions itself at a specific orientation...
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An interval estimator for chlorine monitoring in drinking water distribution systems under uncertain system dynamics, inputs and chlorine concentration measurement errors
PublikacjaThe design of an interval observer for estimation of unmeasured state variables with application to drinking water distribution systems is described. In particular, the design process of such an observer is considered for estimation of the water quality described by the concentration of free chlorine. The interval observer is derived to produce the robust interval bounds on the estimated water quality state variables. The stability...
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Numerical Modeling of Water and Ice Dynamics for Analysis of Flow Around the Kiezmark Bridge Piers
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of a numerical model study on the effect of ice on the proposed bridge piers in the Vistula River outlet and its effect on flow conditions in the river. The model DynaRICE is used in this study, which is a two-dimensional hydro-ice dynamic numerical model developed for dynamic ice transport and jamming in rivers. To simulate river hydrodynamics in the vicinity of the bridge piers, 2-dimensional numerical...
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Assessment of the water quality of Kłodnica River catchment using self-organizing maps
PublikacjaRisk assessment of industrial areas heavily polluted due to anthropogenic actions is of increasing concern worldwide. So is the case of Polish Silesia region where mostly heavy industry like smelters, mining, chemical industries as well as heat and electricity production facilities are being located. Such situation raises numerous questions about environmental state of local water bodies with special attention paid to the Kłodnica...
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Arctic as a reservoir for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls- water samples from Foxfonna glacier
PublikacjaPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls are groups of stable compounds, hard to biodegrade, potentially toxic. Their presence in Arctic environment may have a big impact on natural balance, fauna and flora. Although Arctic areas should be unpolluted, some amounts of pollutants are transferred from lower latitudes with sea currents and air masses. This paper presents the amounts of selected persistent organic...
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THE USE OF MORPHOLOGICAL FILTERS AND GRANULOMETRIC METHOD TO ANALYZE THE MOVEMENT OF THE MOLECULES IN THE SEA WATER OF THE SOUTHERN BALTIC SEA
PublikacjaModern granulometry opens a new way of analysing images by means of morphological filters. In this paper a closer look has been presented on the problem of interpreting information about the features and conditions of marine environment from images taken at the sea coast and shallow water. Using this method allows for example selection of the objects on the image according to the differences in shape. Processes occurring in the...
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Experimental and comparative study on the two-phase pressure drop of air-water mixture in U-bend and straight pipe annuli
PublikacjaIn this paper, the experimental and theoretical analysis of pressure drop in singlephase and two phase-flow were presented for straight and U-bend smooth tube annulus and tube annulus with wire coil insert. Experiments for various boundary conditions were performed. In case of U-tube and straight tube with and without turbulator, tests were made for the water-water and air-water systems. The study covered a wide measuring range,...
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Contrasting effects of biochar, compost and farm manure on alleviation of nickel toxicity in maize (Zea mays L.) in relation to plant growth, photosynthesis and metal uptake
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Bamboo-biochar and hydrothermally treated-coal mediated geochemical speciation, transformation and uptake of Cd, Cr, and Pb in a polymetal(iod)s-contaminated mine soil
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Influence of nanoparticle concentration on convective heat transfer of water-Al2O3 nanofluids inside horizontal tubes
PublikacjaNanofluids came to be seen as a new generation of coolants, especially in single-phase systems. Conducted experiments indicate that the increase in thermal conductivity is not the only reason for the intensification of heat transfer when using nanofluids. Preliminary results of the experimental investigation of the forced convection heat transfer of water-Al2O3 nanofluids inside stainless steel tube with 8 mm internal diameter...
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Powering the Future by Iron Sulfide Type Material (FexSy) Based Electrochemical Materials for Water Splitting and Energy Storage Applications: A Review
PublikacjaWater electrolysis is among the recent alternatives for generating clean fuels (hydrogen). It is an efficient way to produce pure hydrogen at a rapid pace with no unwanted by-products. Effective and cheap water-splitting electrocatalysts with enhanced activity, specificity, and stability are currently widely studied. In this regard, noble metal-free transition metal-based catalysts are of high interest. Iron sulfide (FeS) is one...
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WATER LUBRICATED MAIN SHAFT BEAR INGS WITH THREE LAYER BUSH – MODERN SOLUTION FOR MARINE INDUSTRY
PublikacjaWater lubricated sliding bearings are increasingly popular in marine and hydro power industry. Such popularity is partly due to their simple construction which also means a relatively affordable price. Properly designed and installed water lubricated bearings may well last for over a decade. During the last decade their traditional range has been expanded with new, modern products like three layer bearing bush. The work presents...
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Water treatment by H2O2 and/or UV affects carbon nanotube (CNT) properties and fate in water and tannic acid solution
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Comparison of the Properties of Vegetable Oil/Water and n-Tetradecane/Water Emulsions Stabilized by α-Lactalbumin or β-Casein
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Oscillating water-oil-water liquid membrane systems for molecular recognition of substances belonging to diferent taste classes
PublikacjaBadano oscylacje róznicy potencjału elektrochemicznego miedzy fazami wodnymi. Jedna faza wodna zawiera kationowy lub anionowy surfaktant podczas gdy w drugiej fazie wodnej znajduje sie substancja odpowiedzialna za smak. Dwie fazy wodne sa rozdzielone faza olejową. Oscylacje były analizowane poprzez konstrukcje portretów fazowych uzywając metody opoznienia czasowego. Kształt portretów fazowych jest rozny dla oscylatorów z kationowym...
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Green products from herbal medicine wastes by subcritical water treatment
PublikacjaHerbal medicine wastes (HMWs) are byproducts of medicine factories, which are mainly landfilled for their environmental problems. Only bearing in mind the contamination and concerns caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and environmental emissions, the worth of herbal medicine wastes management and conversion to green products can be understood. In this work, subcritical water treatment was carried out batch-wise in a stainless tube...
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Optimised Allocation of Hard Quality Sensors for Robust Monitoring of Quality in Drinking Water Distribution Systems
PublikacjaA problem of optimised placement of the hard quality sensors in Drinking Water Distribution Systems for robust quality monitoring is formulated. Two numerical algorithms to solve the problem are derived. The optimality is meant as achieving a desired trade off between the sensor capital and maintenance costs and resulting robust estimation accuracy of the monitoring algorithm. The robust estimation algorithm recently developed...
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ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE PLANNED SEWAGE DISCHARGE FROM THE ‘NORTH’ POWER PLANT ON THE VISTULA WATER QUALITY
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of analysis of the industrial sewage discharge impact from the ‘North’ Power Plant on the Vistula water quality around 45+330 of the river kilometer. For the analysis, the two-dimensional models of flow, impurities and temperature transport were used. Hydrological conditions of the analyzed section of the river, characteristic flows and bathymetry of the riverbed in the first instance were defined....
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ATTEMPT AT EVALUATING THE INFLUENCE OF BENDING STRESS ON SHAFT WEAR PROCESSES IN WATER LUBRICATED SLIDING BEARING WITH A RUBBER BUSHING
PublikacjaWater lubricated bearings find increasingly wide application in shipbuilding or hydro–power industry, the popularity stemming from their numerous advantages. Unfortunately, as it turns out, water lubricated bearings do not always meet expectations, as on occasion they become subject to intense, premature wear which requires costly repair. One of the still unexplained phenomena is the process of excessive bearing wear, in particular...
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The influence of the carbon equivalent on the weldability of high-strength low-alloy steel in the water environment
PublikacjaFrom many years, the high strength low alloy steels are often used for offshore constructions. This constructions, due to the environment in which they work, require more frequent repairs than the constructions from the land. For economic reasons, repairs take place in the underwater conditions, however water significantly decreases the weldability of steel. The paper presents the results of the CTS weldability test for S460ML...
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Numerical Studies on Propellers in Open Water and behind Hulls aiming to support the Evaluation of Propulsion Tests
PublikacjaA RANS based numerical analysis of propellers can contribute considerably to our understanding of propeller/hull interaction. It may also allow for a review of scaling procedures on results from experimental fluid dynamics (EFD). Using various RANS codes (Fluent, CFX, STAR-CCM+ and FreSCo+) on common test cases the authors first focused on propeller open water (POW) calculations. Next we simulated the propeller hull interaction...
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Photogrammetric Development Of The Threshold Water At The Dam On The Vistula River In Wloclawek From Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Uav)
PublikacjaBarrage in Wloclawek (Poland) was designed by Hydroprojekt and built in the years of 1962 - 1970 as the first stage of the planned Lower Vist ula Cascade. Cascade design assumed the construction of 8 dams in Wyszogr o d, Plock, Wloclawek, Nieszawa (Ciechocinek as an option), Solec Kujawski, Chelmno, Opalen and Tczew. Nieszawa dam was supposed to ensure the maintenance of an adequate free surface...
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Experimental studies on the impact of changing the pipe material on the propagation of the pressure wave during water hammer
PublikacjaAim of the paper is to present the results studying the water hammer phenomenon in pipes made of different materials, and to show the impact of changing the type of material of the pipe on the velocity of the pressure wave during the transient flow in the pipes. In terms of research material and methods, pipes made of galvanized steel and high-density polyethylene were tested. Measurements were made using strain gauges with a high...
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Multicriteria decision analysis in ranking of analytical procedures for aldrin determination in water
PublikacjaThe study presents the possibility of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) application when choosing analytical procedures with low environmental impact. A type of MCDA, Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE), was chosen as versatile tool that meets all the analytical chemists – decision makers requirements. Twenty five analytical procedures for aldrin determination in water samples (as...
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Nodal models of Pressurized Water Reactor core for control purposes – A comparison study
PublikacjaThe paper focuses on the presentation and comparison of basic nodal and expanded multi-nodal models of the Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) core, which includes neutron kinetics, heat transfer between fuel and coolant, and internal and external reactivity feedback processes. In the expanded multi-nodal model, the authors introduce a novel approach to the implementation of thermal power distribution phenomena into the multi-node...
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Approximate solution for Euler equations of stratified water via numerical solution of coupled KdV system
PublikacjaWe consider Euler equations with stratified background state that is valid for internal water waves. The solution of the initial-boundary problem for Boussinesq approximation in the waveguide mode is presented in terms of the stream function. The orthogonal eigenfunctions describe a vertical shape of the internal wave modes and satisfy a Sturm-Liouville problem. The horizontal profile is defined by a coupled KdV system which is...
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LDFEM analysis of pore water pressure development in cohesive soil due to FDP auger drilling
PublikacjaThis paper presents the preliminary modelling of FDP auger drilling in soft soil with emphasis on excess pore water pressure (EPWP) development using CEL formulation and Abaqus software suit. The EPWP generation in single points is investigated and the results of a numerical analysis are compared with the field measurements. It is found that numerical model qualitatively reflects the field measurements. However,...
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Evaluation of reverse osmosis for improving quality of water utilized in hemodialysis devices (case study: Kerman University of Medical Sciences' hospitals).
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Contamination of Runoff Water at Gdańsk Airport (Poland) by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs)
PublikacjaAirport runoff can contain high concentrations of various pollutants, in particular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the environmental levels of which have to be monitored. Airport runoff water samples, collected at the Gdańsk-Rębiechowo Airport from 2008 to 2009, were analysed for PAHs and PCBs by gas chromatography. The aromatic fractions were separated by liquid-liquid extraction...
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Assessment of Surface Water Resources Based on Different Growth Scenarios, for Borkena River Sub-basin, Awash River Basin, Ethiopia
PublikacjaThe total annual river flow at the Awash Kombolcha sub-basin of the Borkena river station was estimated to be 4.6 billion cubic meters by 2019-2030. The current average annual flow at the exit measurement station is 544.5Mm3 of the water resources available in the study area. The monthly peak flow of the Borkena River occurs from July to September. In addition, the highest monthly average flow is in August and the lowest is...
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Assessment of the factors influencing on the formation of energy-oriented modes of electric power consumption by water-drainage installations of the mines
PublikacjaPurpose. Performing the analysis to determine energy-efficient modes and assess the characteristics of the main indicators of electric power consumption by mine water-drainage installations based on the developed research mathematical model. Methods. To achieve the purpose set, a methodology is used to develop the multiple multifactor correlation-regression modeling with respect to the modes of electric power consumption by electrical...
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Preparation of platinum modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles with the use of laser ablation in water
PublikacjaWe report on the preparation method of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide modified with platinum by using nanosecond laser ablation in liquid (LAL). Titania in the form of anatase crystals has been prepared in a two-stage process. Initially, irradiation by laser beam of a titanium metal plate fixed in a glass container filled with deionized water was conducted. After that, the ablation process was continued, with the use of a platinum...
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P774Transcoronary transfer of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal pluripotent stem cells in patients with chronic ischaemic heart failure shows safety and unprecedented high-grade myocardial uptake
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Enhanced cellulose extraction from agave plant (Agave americana Species) for synthesis of magnetic/cellulose nanocomposite for defluoridation of water
PublikacjaResearch on fluoride removal from water is currently focusing on the development of innovative materials for defluoridation water. The current study extracted and used enhanced cellulose from Agave americana species to synthesize a magnetic/cellulose nanocomposite for water defluoridation. Strong and light binary acids (H2SO4 and CH3COOH) were utilized to pretreat raw material to enhance cellulose extraction. Central composite...
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Interval estimator for chlorine monitoring in drinking water distribution systems under uncertain system dynamics, inputs and state measurement errors
PublikacjaThe design of interval observer for estimation of unmeasured state variables for application to drinking water distribution systems is described in this paper. In particular, it considers the design of such observer for estimation of water quality described by free chlorine concentration. An interval observer is derived to produce robust interval bounds on the estimated water quality state variables. The stability and robustness...
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Friction and wear behaviour of self mated DLC and DLC-W coatings in water or salt in water solution lubricated sliding
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono wyniki badań powłok ceramicznych DLC oraz DLC z wolframem (DLC-W) nałożonych na podłoże ze stali nierdzewnej,przy tarciu ślizgowym , w modelowym skojarzeniu o styku konforemnym (płaskie czoło obracającej się względem swojej osi tulei - powierzchnia płaska). Badania prowadzono stosując smarowanie wodą destylowaną albo wodnym roztworem soli - NaCl. Wyznaczano współczynniki tarcia oraz intensywność zużywania ceramicznej...
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Ecological bearing systems for water turbines - two research programs aimed at making water turbines more "eco-friendly".
PublikacjaW pracy opisano próby wyeliminowania ropopochodnych środków smarowych z układów łożyskowania turbin wodnych. Próby dotyczą zastosowania bezsmarowych łożysk kierownic i smarowanych wodą łożysk wałów turbin. Wprowadzanie bezsmarowych łożysk kierownic wymaga stworzenia metod prognozowania ich trwałości w warunkach małych oscylacji. Do stosowania w łożyskach wałów zaproponowano smarowane wodą łożyska ceramiczne o oryginalnej konstrukcji,...
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Pool boiling heat transfer of water-Al2O3 and water-Cu nanofluids on horizontal stainless steel smooth and rough tubes
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych przejmowania ciepła przy wrzeniu nanocieczy woda-Al2O3 i woda-Cu na poziomych rurkach ze stali nierdzewnej. Ustalono, że niezależnie od badanej koncentracji nanocząstek (0.01%, 0.1% oraz 1%) współczynnik przejmowania ciepła dla nanocieczy był wyższy niż dla wody i rósł ze wzrostem koncentracji. Ponadto współczynnik przejmowania ciepła dla nanocieczy wzrastał ze wzrostem ciśnienia.
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Optimizing control by robustly feasible model predictive control and application to drinking water distribution systems
PublikacjaThe paper considers optimizing Model Predictive Control (MPC) for nonlinear plants with output constraints under uncertainties. Although the MPC technology can handle the constraints in the model by solving constraint model based optimization task, satisfying the plant output constraints under the model uncertainty still remains a challenge. The paper proposes Robustly Feasible MPC (RFMPC), which achieves feasibility of the outputs...
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Assessment of the Current Potential of Hydropower for Water Damming in Poland in the Context of Energy Transformation
PublikacjaThe present paper indicates that hydropower, including small hydropower plants (SHPs), may play a very important role in Poland’s energy transformation in the near future. The development of SHPs may also increase water resources in the steppe Poland. Additionally, the aim of the present research is to conduct the PEST analysis of SHPs in Poland, taking into account the SHP potential. For the first time, maps showing the power...
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Multi-stage magnetic-fluid seals for operating in water - life test procedure, test stand and research results. Part II Results of life tests of multi-stage magnetic - fluid seal operating in water
PublikacjaThe edge criteria for magnetic-fluid seals durability research were described in previous article [24] and now the tests results are presented. The tests were made with three magnetic fluids using various magnets quantity in magnetic assemblies. If values obtained in the repeated test deviated by more than 10 % from results of the first test an additional control test was made for final characteristics. The characteristics are:...