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Energy Loss Coefficients ki in a Displacement Pump and Hydraulic Motor used in Hydrostatic Drives
PublikacjaThe article aims at defining and analysing the energy loss coefficients in design solutions of rotating displacement machines, with a piston machine as an example. The energy losses observed in these machines include mechanical loss, volumetric loss, and pressure loss. The scale and relations between these losses in different machines depend on machine design and manufacturing quality, and on operating parameters. The operating...
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Effects of full displacement pile installation on the stress and deformation state of surrounding soil: review
PublikacjaSeveral field and model tests have been conducted to investigate the impact of pile installation on bearing capacity. However, little is known about how piles behave during installation, how they interact with the surrounding soil, and how this affects sandy soil properties. This review paper investigates the effect of pile driving on surrounding sandy soil as it compacts sandy soil near to the pile. For this purpose, various related...
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Displacements of Cable-Stayed Bridge Measured With The Use of Traditional And Modern Techniques
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Coastal Cliffs Monitoring and Prediction of Displacements Using Terrestial Laser Scanning
PublikacjaCoastal cliffs are very sensitive to degradation caused by erosion and abrasion. Thus, it is very important to monitor susceptibility of the cliffs in terms of slope angles and ground fall resulting from vertical morphology of the cliffs. The results could be used for example to establish the boundaries of the safe investments zone or retreat infrastructure buildings in case of real threat such as degradation of the objects of...
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Analyses of static displacements of a spindle apllied in typical circular sawing machines
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono analizę właściwości statycznych wrzeciona stosowanego w typowych pilarkach tarczowych. Zdefiniowano umowną oś obrotu wrzeciona pilarki tarczowej, która odpowiada geometrycznemu środkowi otworu piły tarczowej. W obliczeniach wyznaczono przemieszczenia umownej osi obrotu wrzeciona, wskaźnik sztywności wrzeciona oraz przemieszczenie poprzeczne piły.
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Experimental verification of visual method for measuring displacements of contact line elements
PublikacjaThe increase of rail vehicles speed, as well as the increase of their power, puts high demands on the power delivery system for traction vehicles The most critical point in the vehicle's power supply circuit is the contact between the current collector and contact wires. Ensuring a reliable co-operation of the current collector and contact line, requires technical development...
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Modeling of cutter displacements during ball end milling of inclined surfaces
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The analysis of instantaneous tool displacements during precise ball end milling
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Machined Surface Roughness Including Cutter Displacements in Milling of Hardened Teel
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Application of DIC technique to concrete - study on objectivity of measured surface displacements
PublikacjaArtykuł omawia wyniki pomiarów szerokości lokalizacji odkształceń na powierzchni betonu podczas zginania belek. Wykonano obszerne studia nad obiektywnością pomierzonych przemieszczeń w betonie. Opracowano własna metodę do obliczeń szerokości lokalizacji.
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Influence of analysis of features geometrical abrasive grains stress, strain and displacement of material in zone microgrinding
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Application of thin diamond films in low-coherence fiber-optic Fabry Pérot displacement sensor
PublikacjaThe novel fiber-optic low coherence sensor with thin diamond films is demonstrated. The undoped and boron-doped diamond films were elaborated by the use of the microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (μPE CVD) system. The optical signal from the Fabry–Pérot cavity made with the application of those thin films is sensitive to displacement. The sensor characterization was made in the range of 0–600 μm. The measurements...
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Mathematical model defining volumetric losses of hydraulic oil compression in a variable capacity displacement pump
PublikacjaThe objective of the work is to develop the capability of evaluating the volumetric losses of hydraulic oil compression in the working chambers of high pressure variable capacity displacement pump. Volumetric losses of oil compression must be determined as functions of the same parameters, which the volumetric losses due to leakage, resulting from the quality of design solution of the pump, are evaluated as dependent on and also...
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The methodology of design of axial clearances compensation unit in hydraulic satellite displacement machine and their experimental verification
PublikacjaA new methodology of calculating the dimensions of the axial clearance compensation unit in the hydraulic satellite displacement machine is described in this paper. The methods of shaping the compensation unit were also proposed and described. These methods were used to calculate the geometrical dimensions of the compensation field in an innovative prototype of a satellite hydraulic motor. This motor is characterized by the fact...
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Measurements of displacement and acceleration of the railway bridge at km 333-254 of the Vilnius - Klaipeda railway line
PublikacjaThe purpose of this work is to perform a report of static and dynamic test realized on the bridge at km 333-254 of the Vilnius - Klaipeda railway line over the Salantas River in Kūlupėnų.
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Displacement Sensors Based on the Phase of the Reflection Coefficient of a Split Ring Resonator Loaded Transmission Line
Publikacja— In this paper, novel displacement sensors using a microstrip loaded with a pair of split ring resonators (SRRs) are proposed. It is shown that the phase of the reflection coefficient from the loading SRRs can be used for displacement sensing. The paper also proposes a differential version of the sensor that benefits from a higher sensitivity and reference zero, which is useful for alignment purposes. It is further shown that...
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Assessing the Significance of Displacements Using Local Coefficients of Variance as an Alternative to the Classical Approach
PublikacjaThe safety of use of civil engineering structures remains an important issue that is approached by various sciences. Due to this fact, geodetic control measurements are conducted with the purpose of identifying threats connected with the potential displacement of structural elements. In this context, the authors discuss issues connected with determining the displacements of controlled points located in the studied object in a three-dimensional...
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Precision surface characterization for finish cylindrical milling with dynamic tool displacements model
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Identification of Unstable Reference Points and Estimation of Displacements Using Squared Msplit Estimation
PublikacjaThe article presents a new version of the method for estimating parameters in a split functional model, which enables the determination of displacements of geodetic network points with constrained datum. The main aim of the study is to present theoretical foundations of Msplit CD estimation and its basic properties and possible applications. Particular attention was paid to the efficacy of the method in the context of geodetic...
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Entanglement-redistribution boxes
PublikacjaWe establish a framework to study the classical-communication properties of primitive local operations assisted by classical communication which realize various redistributions of entanglement, like, e.g., entanglement swapping. On the one hand, we analyze what local operations and how much classical communication are needed to perform them. On the other hand, we investigate whether and to what extent such primitives can help to...
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The Setting Time of Polyether Impression Materials after Contact with Conventional and Experimental Gingival Margin Displacement Agents
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R&D of satellite pumps and motors with small geometrical displacement supplied with oil and non-flammable liquids
PublikacjaThe newest construction of satellite motors and self-suction satellite pumps with small geometrical displacement have been described in this article. The characteristics of volumetric and total efficiency of one satellite motor, selected from the series, supplied with oil have been presented. These characteristics have been compared with the orbital motors' characteristics. The remaining specifications of these motors were also...
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Proposal for calculating the bearing capacity of screw displacement piles in non-cohesive soils based on CPT results
PublikacjaPrzedstawienie wyników badań terenowych pali przemieszczeniowych wkręcanych, zrealizowanych w ramach projektu badawczego MNiSW. Propozycja dwóch metod obliczania nośności pali przemieszczeniowych wkręcanych w niespoistym podłożu gruntowym na podstawie wyników badań CPT. Metody dostosowano do wytycznych Eurokodu 7. Weryfikacja metod obliczeniowych z wynikami badań terenowych pali.
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The Use of Free Adjustment and Msplit-Estimation for Determination of the Vertical Displacements in Unstable Reference System
PublikacjaThe problem of the determining of the displacements of engineering objects and their surroundings is the current and important issue in the field of engineering geodesy. Most control measurements are made in relation to reference points (stable points). On the other hand, sometimes it happens that it is not possible perform the measurements with reference to the stable points or identification of stable points is difficult. Therefore,...
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DiSTFAG method robust to gross errors in monitoring displacements and strains in unstable reference systems
PublikacjaThe DiSTFA method (Displacements and Strains using Transformation and Free Adjustment) was presented in Kamiński (2009). The method has been developed for the determination of displacements and strains of engineering objects in unstable reference systems, as well as for examining the stability of reference points. The DiSTFAG (Gross errors) method presented in the paper is the extension of the DiSTFA method making it robust to...
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The Concept of Accuracy Analysis of the Vertical Displacements Gained from the Hydrostatic Levelling Systems’ Measurements
PublikacjaAbstract: Nowadays, hydrostatic levelling is a widely used method for the vertical displacements’ determinations of objects such as bridges, viaducts, wharfs, tunnels, high buildings, historical buildings, special engineering objects (e.g., synchrotron), sports and entertainment halls. The measurements’ sensors implemented in the hydrostatic levelling systems (HLSs) consist of the reference sensor (RS) and sensors located on the...
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Determination of vertical displacements by using the hydrostatic levelling systems with the variable location of the reference sensor,
PublikacjaAbstract: In this paper, the author proposed a new method for determination of vertical displacements with the use of hydrostatic levelling systems. The traditional method of hydrostatic levelling uses a rule in which a position of reference sensor is stable. This assumption was not adapted in the proposed method. Regarding the issue mentioned above, the reference sensor is treated in the same way as the others sensors that measure...
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Controlling nodal displacement of pantographic structures using matrix condensation and interior-point optimization: A numerical and experimental study
PublikacjaThis study presents an innovative approach for the precise control of nodal displacements in pantographic structures. The method is founded on the Matrix Condensation of Force Method, seamlessly integrated with an Interior Point Optimization algorithm. This combination offers a unique advantage by allowing users to manipulate displaced nodes within a defined coordination domain. Furthermore, this approach introduces the Interior...
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High Dynamic Range Microwave Displacement and Rotation Sensors Based on the Phase of Transmission in Groove Gap Waveguide Technology
PublikacjaThis research is focused on the design and realization of displacement sensors in gap waveguide technology. It is shown that with a small but fundamental change in the structure of a conventional gap waveguide, a linear displacement can be sensed. To this end, a unique feature of gap waveguides, i.e. the fact that no electrical connection between the top and bottom parts of the gap waveguide is required, is used. It is further shown...
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Screw displacement pile shaft deformations measured by vibrating wire and fiber optic systems during a static load test
PublikacjaThis paper describes a full scale static load test performed on a 400 mm diameter screw displacement pile equipped with four different strain measuring systems. Three types of vibrating wire strain gauges (VWSG) were used: global - retrievable, local attached to steel pipe and local concrete embedded. The fourth system was distributed fiber optic sensors based on Rayleigh back scattering (DFOS) - three in the pile cross section....
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Supercapacitors - charge redistribution and restoring voltage
PublikacjaThe charge in supercapacitor is stored on electrodes and in electrolyte. The charges on electrodes create the Helmholtz double layer which is formed immediately with time constant of the order of seconds, while the charge storage in electrolyte is going on with time constant of the order of hundreds seconds. When the charged supercapacitor is shorted for few seconds, the charge from electrodes is discharged while the charge in...
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Comparison of the powers of energy losses in a variable capacity displacement pump determined without or with taking into account the power of hydraulic oil compression
PublikacjaPowers of energy losses in a variable capacity displacement pump are compared with or without taking into account the power of hydraulic oil compression. Evaluation of power of liquid compression in the pump was made possible by the use of method, proposed by the Author, of determining the degree of liquid aeration in the pump. In the method of determining the liquid aeration in the pump and of powers of volumetric losses of liquid...
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Distribution of Temperature in Multicomponent Multilayered Composites
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Length distribution of fuzzy-end segments
PublikacjaObliczono analitycznie rozkłady gęstości prawdopodobieństwa dla długości odcinków o rozmytych końcach, tzn. takich, których końce mogą przyjmować losowe położenia, zgodnie z zadanym rozkładem prawdopodobieństwa. Rozważono przypadki jedno-, dwu- i trójwymiarowych obszarów, w których mogą znajdować się końce odcinków. Podano przykłady potencjalnych zastosowań uzyskanych wyników.
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Optimal Distribution of the Nonoverlapping Conducting Disks
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Study on metrological relations between instant tool displacements and surface roughness during precise ball end milling
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Effects of biochar on uptake, acquisition and translocation of silver nanoparticles in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in relation to growth, photosynthetic traits and nutrients displacement
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THE APPLICATION OF KALMAN FILTERING TO PREDICT VERTICAL RAIL AXIS DISPLACEMENTS OF THE OVERHEAD CRANE BEING A COMPONENT OF SEAPORT TRANSPORT STRUCTURE
PublikacjaAs the devices designed to transport materials, the overhead cranes should meet certain geometric requirements for their operation to be safe. The presently available geodetic equipment, in particular total stations, provides opportunities for precise 3D measurements of coordinates of the controlled points. These coordinates make a basis for correcting the height of crane runway axes. The paper presents a method to calculate position...
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Novel Vision Monitoring Method Based on Multi Light Points for Space-Time Analysis of Overhead Contact Line Displacements
PublikacjaThe article presents an innovative vision monitoring method of overhead contact line (OCL) displacement, which utilizes a set of LED light points installed along it. A light point is an, LED fed from a battery. Displacements of the LED points, recorded by a camera, are interpreted as a change of OCL shape in time and space. The vision system comprises a camera, properly situated with respect to the OCL, which is capable of capturing...
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Temperature distribution in laser-clad multi-layers
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Fish size distribution from acoustic data
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Environmental fate and global distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls
PublikacjaArtykuł o charakterze przeglądowym. Działy obejmują globalne rozmieszczenie oraz los środowiskowy analitów z grupy polichlorowanych bifenyli (PCB). Autorzy szczególny nacisk położyli na omówienie kwestii losu środowiskowego polichlorowanych bifenyli, a więc procesów: biodegradacji, transformacji, adsorpcji do materii organicznej, a także bioakumulacji, biokoncentracji i biomagnifikacji.
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Influences of grain shape and size distribution on permeability
PublikacjaThe present study investigates the effects of shape and size distributions of grains on the coefficient of permeability (k). A series of constant head permeability tests were performed to characterize the coefficient of permeability. Three particle size ranges (4.75- 0.075, 1.18- 0.075 and 0.300-0.075 mm) of two different sands (Narli Sand, Crushed Stone Sand) having different shapes were tested in a constant head permeability...
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Diversity and distribution of Tardigrada in Arctic cryoconite holes
PublikacjaDespite the fact that glaciers and ice sheets have been monitored for more than a century, knowledge on the glacial biota remains poor. Cryoconite holes are water-filled reservoirs on a glacier’s surface and one of the most extreme ecosystems for microinvertebrates. Tardigrada, also known as water bears, are a common inhabitant of cryoconite holes. In this paper we present novel data on the morphology, diversity, distribution and...
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Distribution of heat generated by a local heat source
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono analizę rozpływu ciepła wygenerowanego przez lokalne źródło umieszczone w płycie, po której przepływa warstwa wody.
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Sound intensity distribution around organ pipe
PublikacjaThe aim of the paper was to compare acoustic field around the open and stopped organ pipes. The wooden organ pipe was located in the anechoic chamber and activated with a constant air flow, produced by an external air-compressor. Thus, long-term steady state response was possible to obtain. Multichannel acoustic vector sensor was used to measure the sound intensity distribution of radiated acoustic energy. Measurements have been...
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Simplified Distribution Grid Modelling for Connection Analyses
PublikacjaThis paper considers the modelling of medium and low voltage grids for the purpose of connection studies by distribution grid operators. Possible simplifications in grid modelling are discussed, which are acceptable from the viewpoint of the final result. The main driver of the modelling simplification is the MS Excel environment used as the computation platform, and the limitation of time for grid modelling.
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Limiting distribution of Lempel Ziv'78 redundancy
PublikacjaWe show that the Lempel Ziv'78 redundancy rate tends to a Gaussian distribution for memoryless sources. We accomplish it by extending findings from our 1995 paper [3]. We present a new simplified proof of the Central Limit Theorem for the number of phrases in the LZ'78 algorithm. As in our 1995 paper, here we first analyze the asymptotic behavior of the total path length in a digital search tree (a DST) built from independent sequences....
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Delivery of Ancillary Services in Distribution Power Systems
PublikacjaOne of the technical and organizational challenges the power system faces in deregulated market conditions is to organize an ancillary services market. The growing share of distributed generation of variable (intermittent) energy sources and a change in the market position of consumers, causes the demand for distributed delivery of ancillary services. For this purpose, it is sought to use the ability of the regulatory measures:...
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Impact of probability distribution on the uncertainty of resistance measurement
PublikacjaThe paper presents studies on the influence of probability distributions on the expanded uncertainty of the resistance measurement. Choosing the correct probability distribution is very important to estimate of measurement uncertainty. The paper presents the results of analysis of the resistance measurement uncertainty using the technical method of resistance: 100 G. The analysis of the uncertainty...