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ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF MASS FLOW EXTRACTION ON THE CHANGE OF PARAMETERS IN A LABYRINTH SEAL USING THE STODOLA METHOD
PublikacjaLabyrinth seals are an important element of a steam turbine set design. The use of diagnostic extraction makes it possible to control the operation of a seal by providing information on the thermodynamic parameters along the length of the seal. Diagnostic extraction has a considerable impact on the change of the parameters, the amount of the extracted mass. This article describes the dependence of pressure in the clearance downstream...
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ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF MASS FLOW EXTRACTION ON THE CHANGE OF PARAMETERS IN A LABYRINTH SEAL USING THE STODOLA METHOD
PublikacjaLabyrinth seals are an important element of a steam turbine set design. The use of diagnostic extraction makes it possible to control the operation of a seal by providing information on the thermodynamic parameters along the length of the seal. Diagnostic extraction has a considerable impact on the change of the parameters, the amount of the extracted mass. This article describes the dependence of pressure in the clearance downstream...
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Exchange-Traded Funds on European Markets: Has Critical Mass been Reached? Implications for Financial Systems.
PublikacjaExchange-traded funds (ETFs) are one of the most rapidly expanding categories of financial products in Europe. One of the key yet still unanswered questions is whether European ETF markets have reached the size at which they could affect the financial systems. In our study, we examine 13 European countries during the period 2004–2017 in order to trace whether the share of ETFs in the total assets of investment funds has reached...
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Development of chromatographic and mass spectrometry conditions for untargeted lipidomic analysis of human breast milk
PublikacjaHuman breast milk (HBM) is a complex biofluid containing components which are essential for the proper growth of the newborn (for example nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids) and also bioactive substances. According to the literature, most of studies involving HBM nutrients investigations focused essentially on the determination of proteins. The molecular composition of lipids in HBM is not well known as the protein...
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Determination of hormones in water samples using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry
PublikacjaOver the past few years, many synthetic (ethinylestradiol) and natural (estradiol,estriol, estrone) compounds present in the environment have been affecting the hormonalbalance of humans and animals. Steroid hormones are very often used for medical purposesand have high estrogenic activity what makes them endocrine disrupters. Most hormonalcompounds are released into the water as a result of their incomplete removal in wastewatertreatment...
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Assessment of New Sustainable Housing Project in Gdynia Using Justification Tools for Health-Promoting Urban Design and Architecture
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Sustainable Urban Development on the Example of the Housing Deveopment of Zielona Góra (Poland), as a Response to the Climate Policy of the European Union
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Impact response of two-layered grouted aggregate fibrous concretecomposite under falling mass impact
PublikacjaTwo-layered Grouted Aggregates Fibrous Concrete Composite (TGAFCC) is a new category concrete which became popular recently and attracted the attention of researchers globally. Recent studies indicated that TGAFCC has notable improvement in mechanical properties, which has been sufficiently documented. However, the impact behaviour of TGAFCC when combined with Glass Fibre Mesh (GFM) and Textile Fibre Mesh (TFM) is still unexplored....
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Phase I and phase II metabolism simulation of antitumor-active 2-hydroxyacridinone with electrochemistry coupled on-line with mass spectrometry.
PublikacjaHere, we report the metabolic profile and the results of associated metabolic studies of 2-hydroxyacridinone (2-OH-AC), the reference compound for antitumor-active imidazo- and triazoloacridinones. Electrochemistry coupled with mass spectrometry was applied to simulate the general oxidative metabolism of 2-OH-AC for the first time. The reactivity of 2-OH-AC products to biomolecules was also examined. The usefulness of the electrochemistry...
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Mass spectrometric identification of 13C-Labeled metaboloites during anaerobic propanoic acid oxidation
PublikacjaBiowaste digestion is a possibility to gain biogas as a renewable fuel source. However, the anaerobic food chain may be disrupted by, e.g., substrate overload or by inhibitors, leading to the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), predominantly of propanoic acid (PA). VFA Accumulation may cause a rapid pH decrease, less biogas production, or even a total inhibition. To maintain high biogas productivity or to prevent a collapse...
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Determination of isoprostanes in exhaled breath condensate samples by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry
PublikacjaOxidative stress (OS) is a state of imbalance between continuously generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) during normal cell metabolism and mechanism of detoxifying oxygen radicals through a network of antioxidative enzymes. Isoprostanes are prostaglandin -like substances that are produced in vivo primarily by free radical-induced peroxidation of arachidonic acid. The measurement of isoprostanes in biological fluids and/or tissue...
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Main strategies, analytical trends and challenges in LC-MS and ambient mass spectrometry-based metabolomics
PublikacjaA plethora of analytical LC-MS-based methods have been successfully applied to analyses of complex samples of various origin for metabolomics investigations. Over the last ten years, the substantial evolution of ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) techniques has highlighted their tremendous potential in metabolomic studies due to the minimal sample pretreatment requirement and the ability to analyse samples in their native state. This...
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Analysis of specific cutting resistance while cutting frozen pine blocks with narrow-kerf stellite tipped saws on frame sawing machines.
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono wyniki analizy oporów skrawania drewna zmrożonego podczas przecierania pryzm sosnowych na pilarce ramowej za pomocą cienkich pił. Badania prowadzono dla temperatur drewna -5 st. C, -20 st. C oraz dla porównania w temperaturze +18 st. C. Wilgotność drewna wynosiła 30%. Zaobserwowano znaczacy wzrost oporów skrawania wraz ze spadkiem jego temperatury.
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Standing Waves in One-Dimensional Resonator Contaning an Ideal Isothermal Gas Affected by the Constant Mass Force
PublikacjaThe study is devoted to standing acoustic waves in one-dimensional planar resonator which containing an ideal gas. A gas is affected by the constant mass force. Two types of physically justified boundary conditions are considered: zero velocity or zero excess pressure at both boundaries. The variety of nodal and antinodal points is determined. The conclusion is that the nodes of pressure and antinodes of velocity do not longer...
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Mass Spectrometric Identification of 13C-labeled Metabolites During anaerobic Propanoic Acid Oxidation
PublikacjaBiowaste digestion is a possibility to gain biogas as a renewable fuel source. However, the anaerobic food chain may be disrupted by, e.g., substrate overload or by inhibitors, leading to the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs), predominantly of propanoic acid (PA). VFA Accumulation may cause a rapid pH decrease, less biogas production, or even a total inhibition. To maintain high biogas productivity or to prevent a collapse...
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Real-Time Monnitoring of Vegetable Oils' Thermal Degradation Using Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometry
PublikacjaThe volatile aldehydes, which are generated during frying, can be harmful to human health, therefore the concentration of these compounds in frying fumes should be monitored. In addition, aldehydes are markers of oils’ quality, and so it is possible to determine shelf-life or suitability for frying of these oils. Commonly, in order to determine aldehydes concentration gas chromatography is performed, however it does not allow for...
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Contr-rotating eccentric-mass rotors used as exciters of sinusoidal forces applied to elastically supported bodies
PublikacjaThe work focuses on aspects of multibody dynamics. Investigated object is a mass driven by rotations of an inertial shaker. Resulting vibrational set consists of two counter-rotating identically-unbalanced rotors. Since the mass centres of the rotors do not coincide with the axes of their rotations, significant centrifugal forces arise during rotations. As both rotors are identically unbalanced, the inter-axial force components...
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Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer Analysis in BioFlow® Bioreactor Systems
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Mass and momentum conservation in the simplified flood routing models
PublikacjaW pracy wykazano, że uproszczone modele fal wezbraniowych w postaci fali kinematycznej reprezentują w przypadku liniowych zarówno zasadę zachowania masy jaki i pędu, natomiast w przypadku nieliniowym, reprezentują albo zasadę zachowania masy albo pędu, zależnie od postaci zachowawczej równania. Ponadto wykazano, iż nieliniowa fala dyfuzyjna nie spełnia ani całkowowej zasady zachowania masy ani pędu.
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Detection of additional mass in rods: Experimental and numerical investigation
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych i numerycznych nad wykorzystaniem zmian w propagacji fal sprężystych do detekcji masy skupionej znajdujacej się w konstrukcji prętowej.
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Heat and mass exchange in the process of condensation on critical droplets.
PublikacjaSformułowano model wzrostu kropli krytycznej podając równania zmiany masy i temperatury kropli. Pokazano formę zlinearyzowaną tych równań dobrze aproksymującą wzrost kropli w poblizu wymiaru krytycznego. Podano rozwiązanie układu zlinearyzowanego uzależniając zmianę temperatury od zmiany masy kropli i czasu charakterystycznego.
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Heat and mass transfer in air-fed pressurised suits
PublikacjaOpisano konieczność modelowania transportu masy i ciepła w kombinezonach ochronnych. Omówiono różne sposoby modelowania wymiany ciepła, łącznie ze sprzężoną wymianą ciepła. Uwzględniono również ludzki metabolizm i turbulentne mechanizmy wymiany masy i ciepła. Publikacja opisuje również sposób modelowanie turbulentnych przepływów wieloskładnikowych. Pokazano również porównanie obliczeń z eksperymentem.
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Heat and mass transfer in air-fed pressurised suits
PublikacjaOpisano konieczność modelowania transportu masy i ciepła w kombinezonach ochronnych. Omówiono różne sposoby modelowania wymiany ciepła, łącznie ze sprzężoną wymianą ciepła. Uwzględniono również ludzki metabolizm i turbulentne mechanizmy wymiany masy i ciepła. Publikacja opisuje również sposób modelowanie turbulentnych przepływów wieloskładnikowych. Pokazano również porównanie obliczeń z eksperymentem.
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Sustainable Rainwater Management Concept in a Housing Estate with a Financial Feasibility Assessment and Motivational Rainwater Fee System Efficiency Analysis
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Determination of Butyltin Species in Sea Water Samples Using Solid Phase Extraction Followed by Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
PublikacjaReverse phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS-MS) was evaluated for the analysis of TBT using solid phase extraction as sample preparation method. TBT was extracted from acidified water samples (spiked with tripropyltin as internal standard) using reversed phase polymeric Strata-X cartridges. Analytes were eluted from cartridges using acetonitrile-water mixture and the volume...
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The Ellenbogen’s “Matter as Software” Concept for Quantum Computer Implementation: IV. The X@C60 Molecular Building Blocks (MBBs) and Computing System Lifetime Estimation
PublikacjaThe problem of approximate lifetimes of individual X@C60 MBBs and tip-based nanofabricated quantum computing device systems is discussed under the conservative assumption of single-point failure. A single chemical transformation of the C60 cage into high-energy opened o-C60 isomer which forms the communication canal for the low energy transfer of an X atom from X@C60 MBB to the outside environment was studied. According to the...
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Uncertainty of mass flow measurement using centric and eccentric orifice for Reynolds number in the range 10,000 ≤ Re ≤ 20,000
PublikacjaThe article analyses the impact of the Reynolds number on the estimated uncertainty of the mass flow rate measurement using an orifice plate. The objects of the research were two types of orifices: centric (ISA) and eccentric, with the diameter ratio β = 0.5. Studies were performed by Monte Carlo simulation and experiments for Reynolds numbers in the range 10,000 ≤ Re ≤ 20,000. The obtained results have shown that for both orifice...
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Comprehensive methodology for Staphylococcus aureus lipidomics by liquid chromatography and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry
PublikacjaStaphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen known to cause relatively minor infections as well as severe disorders in humans. Although there is fair amount of published data concerning various aspects of its biology, epidemiology, genetics, etc., there is still a scarce amount of data presenting reliable and thorough investigations regarding high-throughput analysis of total S. aureus lipid content. Therefore, the aim of this study...
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Application of gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of amphetamine-type stimulants in blood and urine
PublikacjaAmphetamine, methamphetamine, phentermine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDEA) are the most popular amphetamine-type stimulants. The use of these substances is a serious societal problem worldwide. In this study, a method based on gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) with simple and rapid liquid-liquid extraction (LLE)...
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Simulations of hydro-fracking in rock mass at meso-scale using fully coupled DEM/CFD approach
PublikacjaThe paper deals with two-dimensional (2D) numerical modelling of hydro-fracking (hydraulic fracturing) in rocks at the meso-scale. A numerical model was developed to characterize the properties of fluid-driven fractures in rocks by combining the discrete element method (DEM) with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The mechanical behaviour of the rock matrix was simulated with DEM and the behaviour of the fracturing fluid flow...
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The use of fast molecular descriptors and artificial neural networks approach in organochlorine compounds electron ionization mass spectra classification
PublikacjaDeveloping of theoretical tools can be very helpful for supporting new pollutant detection. Nowadays, a combination of mass spectrometry and chromatographic techniques are the most basic environmental monitoring methods. In this paper, two organochlorine compound mass spectra classification systems were proposed. The classification models were developed within the framework of artificial neural networks (ANNs) and fast 1D and...
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Analysis of volatile fraction of sweetie (Citrus maxima × Citrus paradisi) and its parent fruit using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry
PublikacjaThe quality of the fruit is affected by several main ingredients and the aroma plays a fundamental role during the selection of fruit by consumers. In the case where several fruit have similar aromas and only one of them has specific health properties, it is very important to find the differences in the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) composition to distinguish these samples. Such situations are often found for hybrid fruit....
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An evaluation of sucrose as a possible contaminant in e-liquids for electronic cigarettes by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
PublikacjaThe influence of sucrose combustion products on smoking and nicotine addiction is still controversial because the presence of the sucrose may be treated as a source of aldehydes and organic acids. In e-liquids used as refills for electronic cigarettes, which are made primarily of poly(propylene glycol), glycerine and ethanol, sucrose may be present at trace levels, and its impact on mainstream smoke formation, and hence on human...
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Using pattern recognition entropy to select mass chromatograms to prepare total ion current chromatograms from raw liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry data
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Towards an analysis framework for operational risk coupling mode: A case from MASS navigating in restricted waters
PublikacjaMaritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASSs) constitute highly interconnected and tightly coupled multistate systems. Incorporating the coupling effects of both interactions and dependencies is centrally important to ensure navigation safety of MASSs. This paper proposes a framework for examining the coupling effects in the operational modes (OM) of MASSs. Failure Modes (FMs) of MASSs related to interactions with the environment and...
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Sensitive determination of isoprostanes in exhaled breath condensate samples with use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
PublikacjaOxidative stress is the hallmark of various inflammatory lung diseases. Increased concentrations of reactive oxygen species in the lungs are reflected by elevated concentrations of oxidative stress markers in the breath, airways, lung tissue and blood. The aim of this work was to develop a method for the fast measurement of F2 isoprostanes in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples using equipment which is nowadays available and...
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Rapid assessment of the authenticity of limequat fruit using the electronic nose and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry
PublikacjaCitrus fruits are very popular food products. There are many species and varieties of them. There are also documented cases of some citrus fruits causing a severe allergic reaction. Some species of the citrus fruits, especially hybrid ones show a reduced allergenic effect due to the lack of seeds. There is a need for rapid methods for evaluation of citrus’ botanical origin. During research, the headspace of three citrus fruits...
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Determination of nine high-intensity sweeteners in various foods by high-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection
PublikacjaAn analytical procedure involving solid-phase extraction (SPE) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry has been developed for the determination of nine high-intensity sweeteners authorised in the EU; acesulfame-K (ACS-K), aspartame (ASP), alitame (ALI), cyclamate (CYC), dulcin (DUL), neohesperidin dihydrochalcone (NHDC), neotame (NEO), saccharin (SAC) and sucralose (SCL) in a variety of food samples (i.e. beverages,...
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Heritability of Plasma Adiponectin Levels and Body Mass Index in Twins
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Left Ventricular Mass: Correlation with Fatness, Hemodynamics and Renal Morphology
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Experimental Study on Polymer Mass Used to Repair Damaged Structures
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Serum mass profile signature as a biomarker of early lung cancer
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Rapid Characterization of the Human Breast Milk Lipidome Using a Solid-Phase Microextraction and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Approach.
PublikacjaHuman breast milk (HBM) is a biofluid consisting of various biomolecules such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals and bioactive substances. Due to its unique and complex composition, HBM provides not only nutritional components required for the growth of the infant, but also additional protection against infections. Global insight into the composition of HBM is crucial to understanding the health benefits infants receive...
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Direct solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography – Mass spectrometry for the determination of biogenic amines in wine
PublikacjaA direct method based on immersion solid phase microextraction (DI-SPME) gas chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) was optimized and validated for the determination of 16 biogenic amines in Polish wines. In the analysis two internal standards were used: 1,7-diaminoheptane and bis-3-aminopropylamine. The method allows for simultaneous extraction and derivatization, providing a simple and fast mode of extraction and enrichment....
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Size and mass minimization of capacitor bank in a power converter DC line of DC drive with closed loop control system with PWM and current limitation
PublikacjaPaper deals with evaluation equations for power filter of AC-DC power converter which allows to provide size and mass minimization of capacitor bank in DC drive closed loop systems with PWM and current limitation. Reliability of provided equations is proved by simulation in MATLAB/Simulink
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Direct measurements of odorous volatile organic compounds present in biosolids cakes by Proton Transfer Reaction – Mass Spectrometry Technique
PublikacjaThis paper show the results of investigation of concentration of odorous chemical compounds emitted upon ageing of anaerobically stabilised biosolids that could contribute to the overall odour character of nuisance emissions. Biosolids samples from wastewater treatment plant were collected in spring time. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds using a US EPA flux hood and Proton Transfer Reaction-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry...
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Evaluation of flavour profiles in e-cigarette refill solutions using gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
PublikacjaMany flavour compounds that are present in e-liquids for e-cigarettes are responsible for specific tastes and smoking sensations for users. Data concerning content and specific types of flavours is often limited and unknown to users. The aim of the research was to define and compare flavour profiles of e-liquids with the same group taste from different manufacturers. Gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS)...
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Analysis of multi-class pharmaceuticals in fish tissues by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
PublikacjaA new sensitive method based on pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and purification by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) prior to ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) was developed for the determination in fish homogenate, liver and muscle of twenty pharmaceuticals compounds and metabolites from seven commonly used therapeutic families. An extensive matrix effect evaluation...
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A new method for real-time monitoring of volatiles in frying fumes using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry with time-of-flight analyse
PublikacjaTo safeguard the consumers’ well-being, it is necessary to develop novel methods for determination of carcinogens in food, including volatiles generated during frying. The currently used procedures for analysis of volatile fraction of vegetable oils are not based on real-time measurements and thus do not enable the determination of carcinogenic compounds in frying fumes; instead, only the headspace or liquid fraction is sampled....
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Standard and modified falling mass impact tests on preplaced aggregatefibrous concrete and slurry infiltrated fibrous concrete
PublikacjaAlthough several studies have been conducted to evaluate the impact response of concrete using theAmerican Concrete Institute (ACI) 544-2R falling mass impact test, the variations in test results are themain drawback of this testing method. This study aims to reduce the variations in experimental impacttest results by introducing two simple test setup modifications; (1) using coarse or fine aggregate bed-ding as an alternative...